scholarly journals TURKEY’s «SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP» WITH THE TALIBAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EU AND NATO

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Alexander Shumilin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
World Community ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
East Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Special Relations ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Middle East Region ◽  
The Eu

The article focuses on two international political aspects of the radical changes in the situation in Afghanistan after the seizure of power there by the Taliban: the problem of legalizing the new government through its recognition by other states, first, and Ankara’s intensified efforts to establish «special relations» with the Taliban, second. The attempts of the latter to achieve their recognition on the world stage have at the moment not led to the desired result for them. Neither the «collective West», nor Russia, China and the countries of the Middle East and Central Asia are in a hurry to recognize the government of the group classified by the UN as a terrorist organization. At the same time, the threat of a humanitarian catastrophe in Afghanistan is becoming more and more obvious. The world community is looking for ways to provide assistance to the population of this country. At the same time, Russia (the «Moscow format») and Turkey have noticeably stepped up their diplomatic efforts. The article examines the main motives of Ankara, which, according to the author, perceives the problem of Afghanistan not only from the perspective of bilateral relations with it, but also in the broader context of rivalry between the leading states of the Middle East region. The author emphasizes that the Taliban and the Turkish leader RT Erdogan are linked by a common ideological platform – Islamism. At the same time, Erdogan seeks to present himself in the eyes of NATO partners as a mediator between the alliance and the Taliban government.

STRATEGIES OF MAIN ACTORS OF WORLD POLICY REGARDING THE MIDDLE EAST AND MODERN SYRIA(ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE USA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION)

2019 ◽  
pp. 316-322
Author(s):  
M. HADDAD
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Middle East ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
East Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Middle East Region ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to the study of foreign policy strategies of the main actors of the world politics, represented by the USA and the countries of the European Union, regarding the Middle East and the Syrian Arab Republic. The interest in this topic is explained by the particular attractiveness of the Middle East region for the above-mentioned actors, since it has significant economic and transport potential and a favorable geographical position, which opens up opportunities for establishing strong partnership trade and economic ties between the US and the EU on the one hand and Middle Eastern states on the other. At the same time, the Middle East, as a region of increased military-political and social tension, directly influences peace and security situation in the entire world, and because of that the most developed countries of the world seek to establish control over the internal politics in the Middle East and spread their influence on its territory. The author pays great attention to the study of factors that have contributed to the formation of certain US and EU foreign policy courses in respect of the entire Middle East and Syria in particular, and comes to the conclusion that all of them can conditionally be divided into several large groups that equally affect the development process strategies. Their comparison allowed us to establish that in general both the USA and the countries of the European Union have similar perspective goals and objectives, however, they use different methods and forms of implementing their strategies. This explains the difference in the results achieved: while the United States successfully implement their geopolitical aspirations and gradually strengthen their presence in the Middle East, the EU countries are faced with a number of problems that impede their participation in the current regional events. Nevertheless, despite the successes and failures, the importance of the Middle East region for both the United States and the EU is beyond doubt.

ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH INDONESIA ATAS MORATORIUM TENAGA KERJA INDONESIA KE TIMUR TENGAH PADA TAHUN 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Dhiu ◽  
Ardli Johan Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
National Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
East Region ◽  
The Government ◽  
Middle East Region

ABSTRACTThe Existance of Indonesian Workers in the Middle East, is very beneficial in terms of foreign exchange earnings. Despite the high rate of remittances generated, the Indonesian government must also implement a moratorium on migrant workers sending policies to the Middle East in 2015, which is feared that this could cause a reduction in the amount of remittances, secifically for the Middle East region. Here, the writer will discuss in dept why the government should carry out the moratorium policy of migrant workers to the Middle East in 2015, while the gorvernment  also know that the existance of the overseas migrant workers woud benefit economically. The writer see that, as the main actor, the state is obliged to provide protection for all its citizens whwrever they are.Keywords: Indonesia Workers, Moratorium, National Interest, Protecting Citizens. ABSTRAKKeberadaan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia di Timur Tengah, sangatlah menguntungkan dalam hal pendapatan devisa. Dibalik tingginya angka remitansi yang dihasilkan, namun pemerintah Indonesia juga harus menerapkan kebijakan moratorium pengiriman TKI ke Timur Tengah Tahun 2015, yang mana kebijakan tersebut dikhawatirkan dapat menyebabkan penurunan jumlah remitansi, secara khusus untuk kawasan Timur Tengah. Di sini, penulis akan membahas secara mendalam mengapa pemerintah harus melakukan kebijakan moratorius TKI ke Timur tengah Tahun 2015, sedangkan pemerintah juga tahu bahwa keberadaan TKI luar negeri tentu memberi keuntungan secara ekonomi. Penulis menggunakan sudut pandang realisme, dengan memakai teori kepentingan nasional, sehingga akan dibahas secara  mendalam terkait permasalahan yang ada. Dalam penelitian tersebut, penulis melihat bahwa, sebagai aktor utama, negara wajib memberikan perlindungan bagi seluruh warga negaranya di mana pun berada.Kata Kunci: Tenaga Kerja Indonesia, Moratorium, Kepentingan Nasional, Melindungi Warga Negara.

CIVIL WAR IN SYRIA AND GEOPOLITICAL INTERESTS OF RUSSIA IN THE MIDDLE EAST REGION

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Лобанов ◽  
Konstantin Lobanov ◽  
Моисеев ◽  
Vladimir Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
East Region ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
The World ◽  
Middle East Region

Armed conflict in Syria has not only aggravated regional contradictions in the Middle East region, but also activated geopolitical interests of the world powers in this part of the planet. The collision of multidirectional interests gives tragic sounding to numerous internal and external political forces to civil war in Syria, prolongs this conflict in time and expands it spatially. This article is devoted to the detection of geopolitical interests of Russia in the Middle East region on the example of participation of our country in the Syrian opposition.

Middle East

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Raymond Bar-On
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Northern Africa ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
East Region ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The World ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Middle East Region

The World Tourism Organization (WTO) reported 14.8 million international tourist arrivals (excluding day-visits) in its Middle East region in 1997, 4.9% above 1996, and 36.0 million in its ‘Expanded Middle East’ region (including Eastern Mediterranean and Northern Africa). Receipts reported from international tourism in the Middle East region totalled US$10 billion, 13% above 1996 (in current US$, including receipts from day-visitors, excluding International Fares) and US$24 billion in the ‘Expanded Middle East’ region. Tourist arrivals, receipts and hotel capacity are presented for 13 countries of the Middle East region and 9 related countries.

scholarly journals The Middle East Policy-Future Engagements of the U.S in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Al-Fawwaz ◽  
Abdallah S. Abualkanam ◽  
Walid K. Abudalbouh
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Humanitarian Aid ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
East Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Lasting Peace ◽  
Middle East Policy ◽  
Middle East Region ◽  
The U.S

The U.S is one of the foreign nations that have been deeply involved in the affairs of the Middle East region, particularly in Iran. The threat posed by terrorism to international peace and stability was one of the reasons why the U.S thought it wise to be involved in the affairs of the Middle East. Besides the insecurity concerns, laid the interests of the U.S in the region that is known to have vast reservoirs of oil and the leading producers of the source of energy in the world. According to the U.S, it would have been foolhardy to let the region slip into an era of political unrest as the rest of the world watched, yet the region is a source of livelihood and economies of different nations the world over because of their vast oil deposits. Consequently, the U.S drafted several measures and policies that, according to them, were aimed at restoring peace and political stability in the region. These included coalition building, supporting peace ventures, and provision of humanitarian aid. In their policies, they believed that a stable Middle East region would ensure a more stable world than was witnessed before their involvement. Despite their involvement in trying to find lasting peace in the region, the U.S has also encountered several challenges along their way that made their peace efforts slip every moment they thought they were close to finding lasting peace in the region.

The USA strategy and tactics in the Middle East region from the end of the World War II to the "Arab spring"

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-71
Author(s):  
Anna Igorevna Filimonova ◽  
Sergey Dmitrievich Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
World War ◽  
East Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Middle East Region

Currently, as the most powerful state in the world, the United States has a key influence on the processes taking place in the Middle East. In this regard, the analysis of the strategic paradigm of the American policy in the Middle East and the tactics of its implementation from the beginning of its formation is important both for understanding the specifics of the processes taking place in the region and for assessing their impact on the world political process. The material of the article is of scientific and methodological significance in the field of International Relations

The United States Strategy and Tactics in the Middle East Region from the End of the Second World War to the Arab Spring. Scientific and methodological materials in the field of International Relations

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Anna Filimonova ◽  
Sergey Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle East ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
East Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
Second World ◽  
Middle East Region

Being the most powerful state in the world, the United States has a key influence on the processes taking place in the Middle East. In this regard, the analysis of the strategic paradigm of American policy in the Middle East and the tactics of its implementation from the beginning of its formation is important both for understanding the specifics of the processes taking place in the region and for assessing their impact on the world political process. The material of the article is of scientific and methodological significance in the field of International Relations.

Malaysia’s Relations with Saudi Arabia and Iran: Juggling the Interests

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fauzi Abu–Hussin ◽  
Asmady Idris ◽  
Mohd Afandi Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
East Region ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Middle East Region

The Middle East region, especially the oil-rich Arab economies, is regarded as one of Malaysia’s important economic and trading partners. Economic and political changes at the global and regional level have simultaneously shifted Malaysia’s interests in the region. At the same time, there has also been rising interest from countries in the region to expand their economic relationships with Malaysia. Apart from the United Arab Emirates, which is Malaysia’s largest trading partner in the Middle East region, Saudi Arabia and Iran are now becoming more visible for their contributions toward the Malaysian economy. Economic interest certainly is the main driving force behind the latter’s efforts to enhance its connection with these countries. Efforts to reap economic benefit from these countries and to attract petro-dollar investments would also have negative consequences on Malaysia’s domestic, social, and religious affairs due to an influx of Arab and Iranian people coming into the country. Religious extremism and sectarianism are among the challenges that Malaysia is encountering and the authorities are quite critical of those ideologies, and over the years, the teaching of Wahhabism and Shiism have been banned in the country. Could this affect Malaysia’s connection with those countries in the Persian Gulf? How has the government engaged with these local issues without jeopardizing its economic inter-connection with Saudi Arabia and Iran? Given that they are two contrasting countries, how has Malaysia balanced its relationships with these two states?

scholarly journals The causes of proliferation of nuclear weapons: The case of the Middle East

Vojno delo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Vladislav Stefanović
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Nuclear Proliferation ◽  
East Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
To Come ◽  
Middle East Region

The subject of this paper is nuclear proliferation and its implications for regional and world security. The study seeks to explain the motive of states to come into possession of nuclear weapons. It also looks at the consequences for the region if one of the states comes into possession of nuclear weapons. The subject matter of the study covers the Middle East region to the greatest extent. Since proliferation is also present outside the region, other cases of proliferation will be included in the research. Proliferation cases outside the Middle East region will be a guide to understanding the proliferation developments in this region, and will seek to explain the causes of nuclear proliferation in the world.

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