Ulcerative colitis: nutritional habits as the disease risk factor

Background — Ulcerative colitis results from a complex interaction between genetic, internal (intestinal microflora) and external (environment) factors. Nutrition habits and the consumption of alcoholic beverages have a significant effect on the intraspecific qualitative and quantitative diversity of the intestinal microbiome. There is controversial information about the effect of various nutritional components on the occurrence of ulcerative colitis. Working with patients with ulcerative colitis, we noted specific features of the profiles of their diets before development of the first symptoms. Aim — To assess influence of nutrition and alcohol factors on risk of ulcerative colitis in the adult population of Western Siberia. Methods — A retrospective case control study was conducted by interviewing 81 patients with ulcerative colitis and 39 healthy individuals. The study of their diet and alcohol intake was carried out using the standardized World Health Organization countrywide integrated noncommunicable diseases intervention questionnaire, known as CINDI. Results — The diet of patients with ulcerative colitis from before the first signs of the disease was characterized by rare consumption of fresh and cooked vegetables and of fruits in small portions but high consumption of sugar with tea and/or coffee compared to the healthy respondents. Patients with ulcerative colitis did not tolerate milk and fermented milk products before the disease onset. The average age of alcohol consumption onset for the patients with ulcerative colitis was 19.0 years and the alcohol consumption frequency before the disease’s first symptoms was less than once a month. Patients with ulcerative colitis before the first symptoms’ onset drank significantly less wine during the year and during the day, as well as less wine per single intake compared with the healthy respondents. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for the quantity and frequency of drinking strong alcoholic beverages and beer. Conclusion — Dietary fibers’ deficiency and excess sugar intake is related to ulcerative colitis; although, wine (20 mL/d) may be protective.

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Diagnosing vascular variability anomalies, not only MESOR-hypertension

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00212.2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 305 (3) ◽

pp. H279-H294 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Franz Halberg ◽

Deborah Powell ◽

Kuniaki Otsuka ◽

Yoshihiko Watanabe ◽

Larry A. Beaty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Biological Rhythms ◽

Slow Motion ◽

The United States ◽

World Health ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Health Organization ◽

Heads Of State

Chronobiology is the study of biological rhythms. Chronomics investigates interactions with environmental cycles in a genetically coded autoresonance of the biosphere with wrangling space and terrestrial weather. Analytical global and local methods applied to human blood pressure records of around-the-clock measurements covering decades detect physiological-physical interactions, a small yet measurable response to solar and terrestrial magnetism. The chronobiological and chronomic interpretation of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (C-ABPM) records in the light of time-specified reference values derived from healthy peers matched by sex and age identify vascular variability anomalies (VVAs) for an assessment of cardio-, cerebro-, and renovascular disease risk. Even within the conventionally accepted normal range, VVAs have been associated with a statistically significant increase in risk. Long-term C-ABPM records help to “know ourselves,” serving for relief of psychological and other strain once transient VVAs are linked to the source of a load, prompting adjustment of one's lifestyle for strain reduction. Persistent circadian VVAs can be treated, sometimes by no more than a change in timing of the daily administration of antihypertensive medication. Circadian VVA assessment is an emergency worldwide, prompted in the United States by 1,000 deaths per day every day from problems related to blood pressure. While some heads of state met under United Nation and World Health Organization sponsorship to declare that noncommunicable diseases are a slow-motion disaster, a resolution has been drafted to propose C-ABPM as an added tool complementing purely physical environmental monitoring to contribute also to the understanding of social and natural as well as personal cataclysms.

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Social Risk Factors Associated With Daily Tobacco Smoking and Binge Drinking Among Zambians: Evidence From the 2017 STEPS Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-608830/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adam Silumbwe ◽

Miguel San Sabastian ◽

Charles Michelo ◽

Joseph Mumba Zulu ◽

Klara Johansson

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Binge Drinking ◽

Tobacco Smoking ◽

Disease Risk ◽

World Health ◽

Social Risk ◽

Social Risk Factors ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Harmful Alcohol

Abstract Background: The burden of disease attributable to tobacco smoking and harmful alcohol consumption poses a major threat to sustainable development in most low- and middle-income countries. However, evidence on tobacco use and harmful alcohol consumption to inform context-specific interventions addressing these harmful social behaviours is limited in the African context. This study aimed to determine the social risk factors associated with daily tobacco smoking and binge drinking in Zambia.Methods: The study stems from nationwide population-based representative survey data collected using the World Health Organization’s STEPwise approach for non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance in 2017 among 18–69-year-old Zambians. The main outcomes were daily tobacco smoking and binge drinking, and the demographic and socioeconomic variables included sex, marital status, age, residence, level of education and occupation. Prevalence ratios were calculated using log-binomial regression analysis.Results: Overall, 4302 individuals (weighted percentage 49.0% men and 51.0% women) participated in the survey. The prevalence of daily tobacco smoking was 9.04%, and 11.6% of participants engaged in binge drinking, both of which were higher among men than women (17.1% vs. 1.28% and 18.6% vs. 5.29%, respectively). The risk of daily tobacco smoking was significantly higher in men (PR 14.3; 95% CI [9.74, 21.0]) than women, in the >45-year-old group (PR 1.44; 95% CI [1.03, 1.99]) compared to the 18–29-year-old group, and in those with no education (PR 2.70; 95% CI [1.79, 2.99]) or primary education (PR 1.86; 95% CI [1.22, 2.83]) compared to those with higher secondary or tertiary education. The risk of binge drinking was 3.67 times higher (95% CI [2.83, 4.76]) in men than in women. Significantly lower levels of binge drinking were observed among rural residents (PR 0.59; 95% CI [0.46, 0.77]) compared to urban residents and students/homemakers (PR 0.58; 95% CI [0.35, 0.94]) compared to the employed.Conclusion: This study shows huge differences between men and women regarding tobacco smoking and binge drinking in Zambia. A high occurrence of tobacco smoking was observed among men, older members of society and those with lower levels of education, while binge drinking was more common in men and in those living in urban areas. There is a need to reshape and refine preventive and control interventions for tobacco smoking and binge drinking to target the most at-risk groups in the country.

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Using the first nationwide survey on non-communicable disease risk factors and different definitions to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Burkina Faso

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0255575 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0255575

Author(s):

Kadari Cissé ◽

Délwendé René Séverin Samadoulougou ◽

Joel Dofinissery Bognini ◽

Tiga David Kangoye ◽

Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Adult Population ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

World Health ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Background The burden of cardiovascular diseases is rising in the developing world including Sub-Saharan Africa. The rapid rise of cardiovascular disease burden is in part due to undetected and uncontrolled cardiovascular risk factors. The clustering of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases. This complex biochemical disorder is still poorly studied in western Africa. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its determinants among the adult population in Burkina Faso. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of the data from the first national survey on non-communicable diseases risk factors using the World Health Organization (WHO) Stepwise approach. We included 4019 study participants aged 25 to 64 years. The metabolic syndrome prevalence was estimated using six different definitions. Results The mean age was 38.6±11.1 years. Women represented 52.4% and three quarters (75%) lived in rural areas. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to the different definitions was 1.6% (95%CI:1.1–2.2) for the American College of Endocrinology, 1.8% (95%CI: 1.3–2.4) for the WHO, 4.3% (95%CI:3.5–5.2) for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, 6.2% (95%CI: 5.1–7.6) for the AAH/NHBI, 9.6%(95%CI: 8.1–11.3) for the International Diabetes Federation and 10.9% (95%: 9.2–12.7) for the Joint Interim Statement. The metabolic syndrome components with the highest prevalence were low High density lipoprotein (63.3%), abdominal obesity (22.3%) and hypertension (20.6%). People living in urban areas and those with older age have higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome regardless of the definition used. Conclusion Our findings suggest various levels of prevalence of MetS according to the definition used. Identifying the most appropriate criteria for MetS among the adult population is important to early detect and treat this syndrome and its components at the primary health care level to control the rising burden of cardiovascular diseases in the context of ongoing epidemiological transition in the country.

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The Consumption of Alcoholic Beverages Can Be Reduced by Fiscal Means? Study on the Case of Romania

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13147553 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 7553

Author(s):

Ionel Bostan ◽

Valentina Diana Rusu

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Statistical Methods ◽

The State ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

World Health ◽

State Budget ◽

Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽

Excise Tax ◽

Excise Taxes ◽

Romanian Population

World Health Organization gives great importance to excessive alcohol consumption among the population and its negative effects. It proposes a set of measures to reduce alcohol consumption and its harmful effects. The objective of our study was to estimate the effects of excise tax on alcohol in Romania, from two perspectives. On the one hand, we analyze the effects of alcohol excise on the consumption of alcoholic beverages among the Romanian population. We also consider the relationship between alcohol consumption and the incidence of diseases and deaths caused by it. On the other hand, we analyze the effects of the excise tax on alcohol on the state budget, through the revenues from the sales of alcohol. For achieving the main purpose of the paper, we analyze secondary data using both graphical and statistical methods. The statistical methods imply testing correlation between variables and also a regression model. The obtained results highlight the fact that the excise taxes on alcohol have not a significant effect on alcohol consumption among the population. At the same time, we observed that the revenues from excise taxes in alcohol at the state budget had an increasing trend. These results highlight the fact that the increase of excise duties for alcoholic beverages, in Romania, does not reduce their consumption. So, in order to limit the effects of this harmful habit of a certain part of the Romanian population, the decision-makers must take additional measures, the fiscal ones being relatively inefficient.

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Non-communicable disease risk factors among a cohort of mine workers in Mongolia

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

A McCarthy ◽

N Damiran

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

General Population ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Intervention Strategies ◽

Control Measures ◽

World Health ◽

Study Cohort ◽

Mine Workers

Abstract Background Prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCD) are growing among working populations globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates NCD are responsible for 80% of all premature deaths (Lancet, 2016). The purpose of this study is to determine baseline level of NCD and risk factors among mine workers and to identify intervention strategies based on results. The collected results will be compared with a NCD study on the general population of Mongolia. Methods A cross sectional design was used for this study. 684 employees were randomly recruited to the study. We utilised WHO questionnaire to collect anthropogenic measurements, health behaviours, alcohol consumption, smoking, NCD and work related information.. The study focused on four (4) key risk factors of hypertension, obesity, drinking habits and smoking habits. These factors are key contributors to NCD and decreased life expectancy. Results Results of the study showed prevalence's of hypertension 12.9%, obesity 64.1%, alcohol users 22.1% and smokers 38.8%. The general population prevalence's are 27.5%, 56.8%, 15.5% and 24.8% respectively. Differences between gender in the study cohort for smoking rate (men = 43.3%, women = 8.9%), alcohol consumption (men = 29.9%, women = 16.1%) and central obesity (men = 78.3%, women = 35.1%) were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusions Prevalence of arterial hypertension for the mine worker cohort was lower than general population, however, obesity, drinking and smoking rates were higher. The study findings allow us to target intervention strategies to mitigate the risk of NCD development in the future. Key messages Understand the risk factors and control measures available to mitigate the risk of the development of NCD. Comparison of the mine site cohort with the general population to understand similarities and differences.

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Prevalence and determinants of non-communicable disease risk factors among adult population of Kathmandu

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0257037 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0257037

Author(s):

Sitasnu Dahal ◽

Ram Bilakshan Sah ◽

Surya Raj Niraula ◽

Rajendra Karkee ◽

Avaniendra Chakravartty

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Ethnic Groups ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Adult Population ◽

Male Gender ◽

Formal Schooling ◽

Non Communicable Disease

Background According to WHO, the deaths due to NCDs in Nepal have soared from 60% of all deaths in 2014 to 66% in 2018. The study assessed the prevalence and determinants of non-communicable disease risk factors among adult population of Kathmandu. Materials and methods A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to February 2020 among 18–69 years adults residing in municipalities of Kathmandu district. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 245 subjects who were interviewed using WHO NCD STEPS instrument. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were done to explore the determinants of NCD risk factors. Results The prevalence of current smoking, alcohol consumption, low intake of fruits and vegetables and low physical activity was found to be 22%, 31%, 93.9% and 10.2% respectively. More than half (52.2%) of the participants were overweight or obese and the prevalence of raised blood pressure was 27.8%. Smoking was associated significantly with male gender (AOR = 2.37, CI: 1.20–5.13) and respondents with no formal schooling (AOR: 4.33, CI: 1.50–12.48). Similarly, the odds of alcohol consumption were higher among male gender (AOR: 2.78, CI: 1.47–5.26), people who were employed (AOR: 2.30, CI: 1.13–4.82), and those who belonged to Chhetri (AOR: 2.83, CI: 1.19–6.72), Janajati (AOR: 6.18, CI: 2.74–13.90), Dalit and Madhesi, (AOR: 7.51, CI: 2.13–26.35) ethnic groups. Furthermore, respondents who were aged 30–44 years (AOR: 5.15, CI: 1.91–13.85) and 45–59 years (AOR: 4.54 CI: 1.63–12.66), who were in marital union (AOR: 3.39, CI: 1.25–9.13), and who belonged to Janajati (AOR: 3.37, CI: 1.61–7.04), Dalit and Madhesi (AOR: 4.62, CI: 1.26–16.86) ethnic groups were more likely to be associated with overweight or obesity. Additionally, the odds of raised blood pressure were higher among people who were of older age (AOR: 6.91, CI: 1.67–28.63) and those who belonged to Janajati ethnic group (AOR: 3.60, CI: 1.46–8.87) after multivariate analysis. Conclusion The findings of the study highlighted high prevalence of behavioral and metabolic risk factors, which varied on different socio-demographic grounds. Thus, population specific health promotion interventions centered on public health interests is recommended to reduce risk factors of NCDs.

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Association of alcohol consumption and dietary patterns in the adult population: data from the ESSE-RF study

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION ◽

10.15829/1728-8800-2021-2883 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 2883

Author(s):

N. S. Karamnova ◽

A. I. Rytova ◽

O. B. Shvabskaya ◽

S. A. Shalnova ◽

S. A. Maksimov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Adult Population ◽

Red Meat ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Cottage Cheese ◽

Food Groups ◽

Female Population ◽

Fish Products

The alcohol consumption is associated with dietary patterns. Aim. To study the associations of alcohol consumption and dietary patterns in the adult population. Material and methods. The analysis was carried out using representative samples of male and female population aged 25-64 years (n=19437; men, 7306; women, 12131 women) from 13 Russian regions.The response rate was 80%. We assessed nutrition by the frequency of consuming basic food groups. The low alcohol intake (LI) category includes women and men who consume <42 g and <84 g, moderate consumption (MI) — 42 g and 84 g, high intake (HI) — 84 g and 168 g ethanol per week, respectively.Results. In comparison with men who do not drink alcohol, MI and HI category representatives more often consume red meat — by 22 and 36%, meat and sausages — by 37 and 48%, and less often: fish products — by 34 and 33%, cottage cheese — by 51 and 53%, respectively. More rare consumption of poultry is significant in the MI group, vegetables/fruits — in the HI group, sweets — in the LI group. Consumption of pickles, cereals, pasta, liquid dairy products, cheese and sour cream does not differ between the groups in men. Compared to women who do not drink alcohol, women in the LI, MI and HI groups significantly more often consume meat and sausages — by 16, 28 and 85%, respectively. Women of the LI and MI groups more often consume red meat — by 15 and 33%, confectionery — by 29 and 24%, less often: cereals — by 9 and 18%, legumes — by 44 and 53% and cottage cheese — by 19 and 44 %, respectively. Women of the LI category more often daily consume milk, kefir and yogurt — by 26%, and less often fish products — by 18%. Women of the HI group are less likely to consume fruits/vegetables. Consumption of poultry, pickles and cheese do not differ between groups among women.Conclusion. People who consume alcoholic beverages have a pronounced nutritional imbalance, characterized by a higher consumption of red meat, especially processed, high-fat dairy products, salt, and in women, confectionery.

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To the problem of excessive alcohol consumption in Russian families

Moscow State University Bulletin Series 18 Sociology and Political Science ◽

10.24290/1029-3736-2020-26-4-142-160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 142-160

Author(s):

E. N. Novoselova

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Family Members ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

World Health ◽

Federal State ◽

Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽

Working Age ◽

History Of ◽

Excessive Alcohol ◽

Health Organization

The article is devoted to the analysis of alcoholism in Russian families. The author gives a brief excurse into the history of alcohol consumption, dispels the myth that the Russian people never controlled consumption of alcoholic beverages. The work, relying on the latest statistics, demonstrated that despite the emerging positive trends in this area, the level of alcohol consumption (especially strong alcohol) in Russia is still very high and significantly exceeds the conditionally safe norm indicated by the WHO experts. It negatively affects the life expectancy of the Russian population, especially among men of working age. However, if previously alcoholism was predominantly masculine, today this type of addiction is becoming gender-neutral and women drink on a par with men, which will inevitably lead to an increase in mortality from alcohol-related causes among them.Particular attention is paid to the problems of families facing the problem of alcoholism among one or several of their members. It is emphasized that children are the most vulnerable in this situation because of their dependence on adults — they are not able to change the situation and are forced to live in constant conflict, stress and ill-treatment. The author notes that the violence to which not only children, but also other family members are subjected to in alcoholic families, is far from rare and extremely dangerous.The paper addresses the issue of the influence of alcoholism of adult family members on children's health. Children of dependent parents are often born sick and lag behind in physical and mental development. This is further aggravated by upbringing in an atmosphere of alcoholism, which leads to the fact that the younger generation perceives excessive alcohol consumption as the norm, adopts the habits of parents and also become dependent. Children of drinking parents also experience many complexities of a personal and interpersonal nature and are prone to auto-aggressive behavior.In conclusion, the author addresses the problem of social orphanhood arising from alcohol abuse by parents, as well as its consequences.The empirical part of the work is based on data from the World Health Organization, the Federal State Statistics Service, the Public Opinion Foundation and the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion.The article will be of interest to specialists in the field of sociology of family and health, prevention of addictive behavior, rehabilitation of people with addictions, and students of relevant specialties.

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Current Status of Knowledge and Awareness of Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia

Current Diabetes Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573399816999201012200841 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Asirvatham Alwin Robert ◽

Ahmad Dakeel Al Awad ◽

Mohamed Abdulaziz Al Dawish

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Adult Population ◽

Management Training ◽

Control Measures ◽

Current Status ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

The Government

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease, and the complications may be life-threatening; however, with proper treatment and control measures, it can be very well-managed. Self-management training and education of diabetes are critical in diabetes care and management. It is essential that patients with diabetes must have a comprehensive understanding of the nature of the disease, risk factors, complications, and possible treatment modalities to attenuate the complications. Over the last few years, DM in Saudi Arabia has been rapidly growing at an alarming rate. It has affected around one-fifth of the adult population, and by 2030, the numbers are predicted to rise further and exceed more than double the present number. An estimated tenfold increase has been reported over the past three decades in Saudi Arabia. However, there has not been much research focusing on understanding the knowledge and awareness of DM in Saudi Arabia as compared to developed nations. This review aims to present an overview of the current knowledge and awareness level of DM among the population of Saudi Arabia through an extensive review of the currently available literature. The review findings could be of immense assistance to the government, healthcare systems, educational institutions, and researchers to develop evidence-based programs, policies, and guidelines towards increasing the knowledge and awareness about diabetes and its management, so that early detection and management can be ensured to control the escalating burden of diabetes, in Saudi Arabia.

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Infodemiological patterns in searching medication errors: relationship with risk management and shift work (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.13394 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fabio Fabbian ◽

Emanuele Di Simone ◽

Sara Dionisi ◽

Noemi Giannetta ◽

Luigi De Gennaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Risk Management ◽

Shift Work ◽

Medication Errors ◽

Medical Errors ◽

World Health ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Western World ◽

The World ◽

Google Search

BACKGROUND Western world health care systems have been trying to improve their efficiency and effectiveness in order to respond properly to the aging of the population and the epidemic of noncommunicable diseases. Errors in drugs administration is an actual important issue due to different causes. OBJECTIVE Aim of this study is to measure interest in online seeking medical errors information online related to interest in risk management and shift work. METHODS We investigated Google Trends® for popular search relating to medical errors, risk management and shift work. Relative search volumes (RSVs) were evaluated for the period November 2008-November 2018 all around the world. A comparison between RSV curves related to medical errors, risk management and shift work was carried out. Then we compared world to Italian search. RESULTS RSVs were persistently higher for risk management than for medication errors during the study period (mean RSVs 74 vs. 51%) and RSVs were stably higher for medical errors than shift work during the study period (mean RSVs 51 vs 23%). In Italy, RSVs were much lower than the rest of the world, and RSVs for medication errors during the study period were negligible. Mean RSVs for risk management and shift work were 3 and 25%, respectively. RSVs related to medication errors and clinical risk management were correlated (r=0.520, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Google search query volumes related to medication errors, risk management and shift work are different. RSVs for risk management are higher, are correlated with medication errors, and the relationship with shift work appears to be even worse, by analyzing the entire world. In Italy such a relationship completely disappears, suggesting that it needs to be emphasized by health care authorities.

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