scholarly journals Utjecaj ratnih i poratnih migracija na demografsku sliku Grada Knina (1991. – 2011.)

Geoadria ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-122
Author(s):  
Snježana Mrđen ◽  
Ana Jurić
Keyword(s):  
Population Change ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
Forced Migrations ◽  
Intercensal Period ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Town

The purpose of this paper is to analyze changes in the total population change in the settlements of the Town of Knin in the last two intercensal periods (1991-2001, 2001-2011), as well as the changes in the ethnic composition. As the war caused forced migrations which largely determined demographic processes in this region, a special attention in this research was given to the migration features of the population. The results of this research indicate that the greatest changes occurred in the 1991-2001 intercensal period. Both components of growth (natural increase and migration) were negative and caused a significant decrease of the indigenous population. This transformed the ethnic structure of the region; pre-war Serb population decreased by more than three quarters, while the influx of people from other parts of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina resulted in the predominance of the Croat population. Although the region experienced a positive net migration in the last intercensal period, unfavourable demographic processes characterized by negative natural population change and demographic ageing occurred in most settlements included in this research. This suggests that the region is likely to continue experiencing depopulation, which will cause the extinction of population in some settlements.

scholarly journals Using Spatial Autocorrelation for identification of demographic patterns of Functional Urban Areas in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (52) ◽  
pp. 123-144
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kurek ◽  
Mirosław Wójtowicz ◽  
Jadwiga Gałka
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Spatial Autocorrelation ◽  
Demographic Transition ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Second Demographic Transition ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
Demographic Processes

Abstract Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) leads to a better knowledge of urban spatial organisation, which may play a significant role in regional policy making and may be helpful in understanding the connection between urbanisation and demographic development. An explanation of population change in urban regions can be associated the second demographic transition comprising fertility decline below replacement level and postponement of births. The aim of this paper is to focus on establishing similarity patterns and anomalous values of selected demographic variables in the cores and peripheral areas of Functional Urban Areas. At the background of this study lies an assumption that population development of FUA's is shaped by different factors connected with second demographic transition and migrations. To achieve the aims the following demographic characteristics were used: population growth rate, dependency ratio, rate of natural increase, the net migration rate, and the dynamic economic ageing index, Spatial methods play an increasingly important role in contemporary socio-demographic research. In order to identify spatial systems Global Moran Statistics and the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) including Local Moran statistics as well as Getis-Ord Gi* statistics were used. The research showed global and local autocorrelation of demographic processes in Functional Urban Areas in Poland, namely population growth, natural increase, net migration and population ageing. The use of local Moran's I statistic and the Getis-Ord Gi* method has led to identification of spatial clusters and dispersions representing different demographic variables. Spatial autocorrelation methods can be useful in an analysis of demographic variables including changes in time. The main contribution of this study to the research on demographic processes in urban areas was an application of spatial groupings techniques not only to find out similarity and dissimilarity patterns of demographic indicators but also to apply this findings for the needs of spatial planning.

Racial Differentials in the Components of Population Change and Neighborhood Transitions in New York City, 1980–2010: The Distinct Role of Asian Net Inflows in the Age of Net Outflows of Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1456-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Peter Lobo ◽  
Ronald J. O. Flores ◽  
Joseph J. Salvo
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Historically White ◽  
Racial Hierarchy ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
Racial Differentials ◽  
White Neighborhoods ◽  
The City

We examine New York’s components of population change—net migration and natural increase—by race and space to explain increases in integrated and minority neighborhoods, in this era of greater ethnoracial diversity. The city has net outflows of Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics, and net Asian inflows, a new dynamic that has reordered its neighborhoods. Asians, often joined by Hispanics, moved into White neighborhoods without triggering White flight, resulting in integrated neighborhoods without Blacks. These neighborhoods constitute a plurality, furthering Black exclusion. Minority neighborhoods saw net outflows, an overlooked phenomenon, but expanded thanks to natural increase, which maintains the existing racial structure. White inflows have helped transition some minority neighborhoods to integrated areas, though integrated neighborhoods with Blacks declined overall. As Asians and Hispanics occupy historically White spaces, this warrants a reconceptualization of race and the emerging racial hierarchy, and a focus on the gatekeeper role of Asians and Hispanics.

Population Growth Impacts of Zero Net International Migration

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon F. Bouvier ◽  
Dudley L. Poston ◽  
Nanbin Benjamin Zhai
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Demographic Processes

Natural increase, and net international migration are the demographic processes that determine the amount of growth or decline in a nation's population. In a country such as the United States, the contribution of net international migration to overall population change overshadows the contribution of natural increase. It has long been the practice, however, when making population projections for countries, to consider the role of zero net international migration in an incorrect manner. Some analysts have assumed that if the same number of people leave and enter the country each year, then the effect of net international migration will be zero. This article examines that assumption and shows that it is fallacious. Examining the direct, indirect, total, and negative demographic impacts of zero net international migration through simulations with demographic data, we demonstrate that zero net international migration is not the same and therefore does not have the same demographic results and implications as zero international migration. We conclude that zero net international migration should not be confused with zero international migration. In discussions of international migration in either sending or receiving countries, the two concepts must be kept separate for they are not identical and, moreover, have decidedly different demographic implications and effects.

scholarly journals Etniczny wymiar depopulacji w Rosji w ujęciu regionalnym

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-143
Author(s):  
Rafał Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Quantitative Aspect ◽  
Ethnic Conflicts ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
The One

The paper addresses the issue of depopulation in Russia, especially the ethnic aspect of this process considering the regional approach. Two essential aspects of depopulation were discussed i.e., the quantitative aspect resulting from the rate of natural increase or decrease and migration, as well as the qualitative aspect exerting impact on changes in the number of ethnic groups, namely the shift in ethnic self-identification. The analysis was conducted for the period of 1989–2010 (the last census in the USSR and the last census conducted in the Russian Federation). Population change in Russia has acquired a specific meaning in regional terms, leading to significant quantitative and structural transformation. On the one hand, there is a depopulation of native Russian regions and ethnic structured regions dominated by the Russians (or more broadly by the Slavs), and on the other, demographic expansion of non- Slavic ethnic groups, especially of North Caucasus. Changing the mutual relations between ethnic groups may cause tension or escalation of ethnic conflicts.

Regional Segment in the Demographic Processes in Kazakhstan in the Context of Cluster Division into Districts (1999-2009)

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-117
Author(s):  
Zh. S. Aubakirova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Increase ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Demographic Situation ◽  
Western Kazakhstan ◽  
Kazakh Population ◽  
Cumulative Rate ◽  
Structure Of Population ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Total Structure

The article looks at regional segment in the demographic processes in Kazakhstan during the decade of 1999-2009. The author uses method of cluster analysis to study demographic zones that includes specific weights of: a) Russian and Kazakh population in the total structure of the population, b) urban population in the total structure of population, c) people over 65, d) women of fertile age between 15 and 44, e) cumulative rate of natality, f) general mortality rate, g) rate of natural increase and h) crude marriage and divorce. These criteria enabled to distinguish several clusters using the concept of ‘ethnic and demographic area’ denoting a territory with relatively homogenous demography. Five clusters described comprise 1) Mangystau region, 2) region that includes East and North Kazakhstan with Akmola and Kokshetau, 3) South Kazakhstan with Atyrau and Kyzylorda, 4) Karaganda and Pavlodar regions (oblasts), 5) Aktobe, Almaty, Zhambyl and Western Kazakhstan region. Analysis of these areas made it possible to reveal their specific features. Differences between regions turned out to be substantial. While demographic situation in Mangystau and South Kazakhstan with Akmola and Kokshetau was favorable, demographic trends were negative in Eastern, Northern Kazakhstan and Akmola and Kokshetau regions as well as Karaganda and Pavlodar regions. Demographic trends in Aktobe, Almaty, Zhambyl regions and Western Kazakhstan can be characterized as transitional one from negative to positive extremes revealed between other two groups of clusters. The study of fertility in various regions of Kazakhstan allowed distinguishing two periods the first one being the 1989-1999s, when fertility declined dramatically and the period of its rise during the 1999-2009s. The article also discusses regional particularities of morality and reproduction in Kazakhstan, which are also determined by ethnic composition of these regions.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
L. F. Pisareva ◽  
N. P. Lyakhova ◽  
I. N. Odintsova ◽  
D. A. Perinov ◽  
Т. N. Chemitdorzhieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Population Movement ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration

From 1989 to 2013, demographic processes in the Republic of Buryatia were analyzed. Changes in the basic parameters of the population movement: births, deaths and migration were influenced by the sex and age structure of the population. The proportion of the Russians decreased from 69.9% in 1989 to 64.9% in 2010 and the number of the Buryats increased from 24.0 to 29.5%. With the increase in the proportion of residents over 60 years, a process of the aging of the population was observed. In 2000–2013, there was a positive dynamics of the natural movement of the population, the natural increase in /Т ёь9013 was 5,8 per 1000 persons. Migration population decline in the Republic of Buryatia keeps stable.

scholarly journals The ratio of natural and migration growth component as a determinant of functional urban regions’ development in the Republic of Serbia

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Marija Jeftic
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Movement Model ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Rational Organization ◽  
And Migration

Based on the types of population movement model, in the paper is determined the extent of demographic processes that influenced the formation of functional urban regions in Serbia. Demographic processes expressed by immigration-emigration and the natural component of the population development in the settlements of the Republic of Serbia from 1981 to 2002, aimed to identify spatial, demographic and functional changes and determine the degree of spatial differentiation of the Republic of Serbia through respecting the specificity of its territorial parts. Especially is emphasized the period from 1991 to 2002 when Republic of Serbia had a demographic decline in its entirety, with certain differences in the spatial manifestation but also in the intensity of relationship between natural and migration component of regional areas of the country. In Vojvodina, the migration balance had high values with whom he was able to compensate the consequences of negative natural growth. In the settlements of central Serbia the low values of migration balance even more emphasized negative natural increase, which together reflected on the overall demographic decline at the national level. Functional urban regions are recognized as the instruments of balanced regional development of Serbia. Generally are given the possible directions of further functional spatial development that could perspectively influence the rational organization of the territory of the Republic of Serbia.

scholarly journals Main characteristics of demographic development of eastern Herzegovina in the second half of the 20th century and at the beginning of the 21st century

2014 ◽  
pp. 727-735
Author(s):  
Radoslav Corovic
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
And Migration

At the beginning of the observed period, the population dynamics in Eastern Herzegovina was characterized by stagnation, followed by the decrease of the total population, primarily due to traditionally present emigration, but also due to negative natural population growth. Birth rates decreasing processes, population ageing, and some other predominantly negative demographic processes have been reported for decades. This area has a low population density, while spatial distribution of the population is characterized by concentration in settlements which have the function of a municipal centre. Contemporary demographic indicators (of natural increase of population and migration) indicate further decrease in population of this region, especially of its rural parts. This is also shown by the previous 2013 Census data. Keeping in mind the current demographic indicators and characteristics of the population, side by side with weak economic development of this region, it may be expected that negative trends in population development will continue.

Population Change and its Effects on the Retail Sector: An Exploratory Study

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Chrisman
Keyword(s):  
Population Change ◽  
The United States ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Inertia Effect ◽  
University Of Georgia ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

James J. Chrisman is with the Department of Management of the University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA. Little research has as yet attempted to determine what links exist between population change and business development. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between population change - natural increases and net migration - and changes in the number of retail businesses and employees in the State of Georgia in the United States between 1970 and 1980. Retail trade was chosen for this research because of its dependence upon population for its viability. Although the research was concentrated on the 159 counties of Georgia, the results have wider implications and interest. Georgia experienced concurrent increases in its population and business sector during the 1970s. Contrary to expectations, natural increase had larger effects on the state's retail sector than net migration in most cases. Since an "inertia" effect may explain these findings, the 1980s may see similar or greater natural increases for the retail sector.

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