The effect of sexual activity on androgen metabolism, androgen-receptor translocation, and glandular weight of ventral prostates of rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Huang ◽  
L. S. Chang ◽  
D. M. Ho ◽  
L. T. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Nuclear Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rat Prostate ◽  
Inactive Group

Abstract. The present study was conducted to determine whether sexual activity exerts an effect on the action of androgen in the rat prostate. Eight-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into two groups. Rats were grouped with female rats (sexualactive), or male (sexual-inactive) rats, and sacrificed 6 months later, The ventral prostates were dissected, homogenized and processed into cytosol and nuclei fractions. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were quantified by radioimmunoassay, and androgen receptor was determined by 'exchange assay' with radioactive methyltrienolone incubated for 18 h at 15°C. The main result were: 1) The steroid levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in plasma and in the cytosolic fraction of prostate showed no significant difference between the two group of rats. 2) The prostatic nuclear dihydrotestosterone concentration of the sexual-active group (4.3 ± 0.83 pmol/mg DNA, N = 6) was significantly higher (P< 0.01) than that of the sexual-inactive group (1.68 ± 0.43, N = 6). 3) The androgen receptor was significantly higher (P< 0.05) in nuclear extract (0.64 ± 0.11 pmol/mg DNA, N = 6) and significantly lower (P< 0.01) in cytosol (53.4 ± 5.7 fmol/mg protein, N = 6) of the sexual-active group than those of the sexual inactive group (0.42 ± 0.13, N = 6 and 74.6 ± 11.8, N = 6, respectively). 4) In the sexual-active group, prostatic DNA content (3.82 ± 0.52 mg DNA/g tissue, N = 12) and prostatic weight (631 ± 122 mg, N = 29) was significantly greater (P< 0.05 and P< 0.01, respectively) than in the sexual-inactive group (2.82 ± 1.30, N = 15 and 514 ± 132, N = 40). It is suggested that the sexually experienced rats have significantly heavier prostates, which is associated with a higher concentration of dihydrotestosterone and androgen receptor in the nuclei.

The growth and antigenicity of the metacestodes of Taenia crassiceps in several different strains of rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Chernin
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Taenia Crassiceps ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antigenic Expression ◽  
Outbred Strain ◽  
Different Strains

ABSTRACTThe metacestodes of Taenia crassiceps removed from a stock infection of Sprague Dawley rats were injected into seven inbred and one outbred strain of rats. The results showed that over-all female rats are more susceptible to the infection than male rats. Only one strain of rat, the Lewis male rats, was found to be resistant to the infection. There was no significant difference in the volume of metacestodes recovered from the male and female rats. The sizes of the metacestodes, after two passages through the rats, were compared to those of the original mouse strain and it was found that metacestodes from two strains of rats were significantly smaller. The antigenic expression of the metacestodes from the different strains of rats was compared and some variation in the antigenicity was observed.

scholarly journals Effects of Oral Administration of Manganese on the Kidneys and Urinary Bladder of Sprague-Dawley Rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulasi Ponnapakkam ◽  
Marcus Iszard ◽  
Gerelyn Henry-Sam
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Manganese Acetate ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral administration of manganese acetate on the kidneys and urinary bladder of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Male and female SD rats (150 to 175 g), 6 weeks old, were administered varying doses of manganese acetate for 63 days by oral gavage. At the end of 63 days, 50% of the animals were sacrificed and kidney tissue was isolated and fixed for histopathological studies (study A). The remaining 50% were cross-mated and dosing ceased. Animals were sacrificed after 2 weeks (study B). Male treated animals were noted to have viscous, gritty urine in the urinary bladder, and the high-dose groups had urinary bladder stones (uroliths). Histopathologically, the most striking lesions were observed in the kidneys and prostate glands of male animals. Mild-to-moderate tubulointerstitial nephritis with tubular proteineous and glomerulosclerosis was observed in animals of all treatment groups. Urolithiasis in the urinary bladder was confirmed in 33% to 66% of treated animals. Female animals did not show a significant difference above controls in renal tissues. Results of this study suggest that male rats are more sensitive to the effects of high levels of manganese given orally than female rats and that the genitourinary structures represent target organs of toxicity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Single and Triple Testicular Biopsy Using Biopty Gun on Spermatogenesis in Pubertal Rats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569
Author(s):  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
Ivana Kuzmić Prusac ◽  
Ivan Švagelj ◽  
Anđela Jurišić ◽  
Tomislav Šušnjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Testicular Biopsy ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The aim of this study was to compare consequences in single and triple testicular biopsy by biopty gun in pubertal rats using histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Methods: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley male rats were used as the experimental model. The rats were randomly divided into three study groups. The rats from the first group (n = 12) received a single-biopsy of upper pole of the left testis, while the rats from the second group (n = 10) received triple-biopsy of upper and lower poles and lateral surface of left testis. The third group (n = 10) was a control group. On the eightieth day after the biopsy in all rats bilateral orchiectomy and funiculectomy were performed to obtain testicular tissue and sperm for analysis. The consequences of the puncture were observed by pathohistology, immunohistochemistry and semen analysis. Results: The results of the study showed lower percentage of sperm count (14.5 mill/mL vs. 16 mill/mL, p = 0.130), sperm motility (24.6% vs. 32.7%, p > 0.05), abnormal sperm (30% vs. 27%, p > 0.05), atrophic tubules (21% vs. 6%, p < 0.001), volume (1.7 mL vs. 2.28 mL, p < 0.01) and apoptotic index (1.56 vs. 1.19, p = 0.650) in the testes with a triple-biopsy compared to the testes with a single-biopsy. Semen analysis showed a borderline significant difference between the group with triple-biopsy where sperm count was lower than it in the control group (14.5 mill/mL vs. 17.5 mill/mL, p = 0.05). A single-biopsy has little effect on the testis, especially on overall fertility. A triple-biopsy showed higher degree of the testicular damage but without a significant impact on overall fertility. Semen analysis showed that single- and triple-biopsies did not have a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology. Conclusion: Biopty gun procedure is a cheap, simple and reliable method for testicular biopsy in rats without a significant effect on sperm count, motility and morphology.

Abstract P045: Sex And Age Specific Circulating Aldosterone Changes In Transgenic Hypertensive (mRen2)27 Rats And Hannover Sprague Dawley (SD) Rats And Its Association With Blood Pressure And Cardiac Function

Hypertension ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Ryalat ◽  
N Cruz-Diaz ◽  
W Graham ◽  
T Gwathmey-Williams ◽  
P E Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Aldosterone Antagonists ◽  
Sd Rats

Aldosterone plays a significant role in hypertension and target organ damage. Aldosterone antagonists are used in the management of heart failure. However, neither the influence of age nor sex on aldosterone pathophysiology is well understood. We investigated the changes in circulating aldosterone with age and its association with cardiovascular function, using male and female hypertensive renin transgenic (mRen2)27 rats and SD rats at 20 and 50 weeks of age. Both male (22 ± 3 vs. 12 ± 2 ng/dL, n = 9 - 12, p < 0.05) and female (59 ± 10 vs. 23 ± 8 ng/dL, n = 6 - 10, p < 0.05) hypertensive rats had higher serum aldosterone compared with SD rats at 20 weeks of age. At 50 weeks of age, the difference persisted in the hypertensive female rats (63 ± 8 vs. SD: 33 ± 7 ng/dL, n = 6 - 7, p < 0.05), but not in the males. SD male rats have higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) as they age, and consequently develop cardiac diastolic dysfunction associated with higher aldosterone at 50 weeks compared to 20 weeks (28 ± 3 vs. 12 ± 2 ng/dL, n = 7 - 9, p < 0.05). This aging effect on aldosterone was not significant in the other groups. We showed previously that SD males treated with polyphenol rich muscadine grape extract (MGE) have lower aldosterone, less aortic stiffness and better cardiac diastolic function (E/e’) than controls at the older age; the MGE effect was not seen in (mRen2)27 males. Sex differences in aldosterone were not significant in the SD rats at either time point. However, (mRen2)27 female rats had higher aldosterone than (mRen2)27 males at both 20 weeks (59 ± 10 vs. 22 ± 3 ng/dL, n = 10 - 12, p < 0.05) and 50 weeks (63 ± 8 vs. 31 ± 7 ng/dL, n = 6 - 7, p < 0.05), despite the lack of significant differences in SBP. (mRen2)27 female rats preserve cardiac function better than males throughout their life span, while males develop indices of heart failure. Our data suggest that lower aldosterone levels in hypertensive males compared with females do not protect against the higher lifetime burden of elevated SBP and also may reflect different mechanisms controlling circulating aldosterone between sexes. In addition, data suggest a potential therapeutic effect of MGE in the management of age-associated moderate hypertension.

Histopathological Changes of Organs (Lungs, Liver, Kidney, and Brain) After Using Two Types of AgiCoat and Acticoat Nanosilver Dressings on Deep Second-Degree Burn in Rat

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Karimi ◽  
Noor-Ahmad Latifi ◽  
Ali Zare Mehrjerdi ◽  
Babak Jafarnejad ◽  
Ali-Mohammad Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Degree Burn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Second Degree

Abstract Prevention of infections is a very important issue in treating the burn wounds. The nanosilver dressings have many promising advantages, but absorption of silver ions and its adverse effects to the body were always a question. The aim of this study was to compare Silver serum levels and acute toxic effects of nanosilver on histopathology of organs (lungs, liver, kidney, spleen, and brain) in two types of AgiCoat and Acticoat (nanosilver) dressings on second-degree deep burn in rat. This is an experimental study conducted in our animal laboratory. We divided 24 Sprague–Dawley male rats weighing 300 to 350 randomly into two groups. After anesthesia, a second deep-degree burn was made over dorsal skins of rats by standard method. For group A, Agicoat and, for group B, Acticoat dressings were used. The dressings were changed every 3 days with AgiCoat and Acticoat, respectively. After 14 days, we got blood samples and tissue samples taken from heart, liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, and brain and a sample from dorsal skin of the rat for histopathological examinations. The results showed that the levels of serum silver in both groups were significantly higher than the standard level (1.22 part per million (PM); AgiCoat, P = .017; Acticoat, P = .000), but there was no significant difference between the groups (P = .551). Examination of the relationship between the level of serum silver and histopathological changes in liver showed that hepatotoxicity of AgiCoat was higher compared with Acticoat and the difference was significant (P = .002). There were no pathological changes in brain, kidneys, spleen, heart, and lungs. Wound healing was faster in Acticoat group. The nanosilver dressings can cause toxicity in liver but not in kidney, brain, spleen, heart, and lungs. Liver pathology and hepatotoxicity were more prominent in AgiCoat group. Wound healing was faster in Acticoat group.

IN VITRO STUDIES ON CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN THE VITAMIN-B6-DEPRIVED RAT

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 562-567
Author(s):  
John R. Beaton
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Glucose Utilization ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aldolase Activity ◽  
Food Consumed

Following earlier studies on carbohydrate metabolism in the vitamin-B6-deprived rat, in vitro investigations have been carried out. In all cases, comparisons were made between tissues from vitamin-B6-deprived and pair-fed control animals so that differences in the amount of food consumed would not affect the interpretation of experimental results. No significant difference was found in glucose utilization by muscle nor in liver cytochrome oxidase activity. Liver aldolase activity was significantly decreased and the activity of plasma alkaline phosphatase was significantly increased in the vitamin-B6-deprived rats. In vitamin-B6-deprived female rats, but not male rats, liver catalase activity was significantly increased. These results are discussed in the light of earlier observations indicating disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism in the vitamin-B6-deprived rat.

Sexual dimorphism in vasopressin-induced contraction of rat aorta

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. H453-H458 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Stallone ◽  
J. T. Crofton ◽  
L. Share
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
Isometric Tension ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Maximal Response ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tension Development ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Previously, we reported that, in the rat, pressor responsiveness to vasopressin (VP) is higher in males than in females during most phases of the estrous cycle. To explore the role of the vasculature in this phenomenon, we examined vascular reactivity to VP in thoracic aortas of male rats and female rats during each phase of the estrous cycle. Aortic rings were prepared from age-matched male and female Sprague-Dawley rats and mounted for isometric tension recording. Maximal response of female aortas to VP (4,246 +/- 163 mg/mg ring dry wt) was more than twice (P less than 0.001) that of male aortas (1,877 +/- 215 mg/mg ring wt). Sensitivity of female aortas to VP was substantially higher (P less than 0.001) than that of male aortas (EC50: 10.9 +/- 0.7 vs. 19.0 +/- 1.6 nM, respectively). Maximal rate of tension development (dT/dtmax) during contraction with VP was nearly twofold higher (P less than 0.01) in female aortas (536 +/- 23 mg/min) than in male aortas (300 +/- 19 mg/min). Maximal response, sensitivity, and dT/dtmax of female aortas did not vary significantly during the estrous cycle. Maximal response of female aortas to phenylephrine (PE; 1,251 +/- 93 mg/mg ring wt) was half that (P less than 0.001) of male aortas (2,546 +/- 194 mg/mg ring wt); sensitivity to PE did not differ significantly (EC50: 0.33 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.38 +/- 0.06 microM, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Pengaruh suplementasi β-carotene terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan kadar malondialdehida pada tikus sprague dawley yang diinduksi Streptozotocin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Elida Soviana ◽  
Banundari Rachmawati ◽  
Nyoman Suci Widyastiti
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Decrease Blood Glucose ◽  
Β Carotene

Background : Hyperglycemia on diabetes mellitus can cause increasing of free radicals production. Free radicals caused lipid peroxidation reaction by forming malondialdehyde (MDA). β-carotene has antioxidant activity may inhibit the formation of ROS.Objective : To prove the effect of multilevel doses β-carotene 1 mg/kg BW, 20 mg/kg BW and 20 mg/kg BW on alternate days within 30 days orally supplementation on blood glucose level and MDA level on Sprague Dawley male rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Methods : Thirty rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: X1=Negative control/diabetic, X2 (STZ 40 mg/kg BW + BC 1 mg/kg BW), X3 (STZ 40 mg/kg BW + BC 10mg/kg BW), X4 (STZ 40 mg/kg BW + BC 20 mg/kg BW), X5 (technic control/non diabetic). β-Carotene supplementation was given by nasogastric tube on alternate days within thirty days. Blood glucose level was measured by GOD-PAP and MDA level by ELISA with TBARS methods. Data was analized using paired t-test, wilcoxon, one way anova and post hoc bonferroni. Results : there was a significant difference of blood glucose level (p = 0,0001) and MDA level (p = 0,0001) after suplementation β-carotene on alternate days within 30 days orally. β-carotene 10 mg/kg BW was the most effective and efficient dose to lowering blood glucose, while 20 mg/kg BW to lowering MDA level. Conclusion : The multilevel doses β-carotene (1 mg/kg BW, 10 mg/kg BW and 20 mg/kg BW) on alternate days within 30 days orally supplementation can decrease blood glucose and MDA level. β-carotene 10 mg/kg BW is the most effecetive and efficient to decrease blood glucose and β-carotene 20 mg/kg BW to decrease MDA level.

Studies of the Toxicological Potential of Capsinoids: VIII. A 13-Week Toxicity Study of Commercial-Grade Dihydrocapsiate in Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 101-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Watanabe ◽  
Terutaka Kodama ◽  
Takeshi Masuyama ◽  
Shoji Tsubuku ◽  
Akira Otabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Organ Weights

Dihydrocapsiate, (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl 8-methylnonanoate; CAS No. 205687-03-2) is a naturally occurring capsinoid compound found in nonpungent chili peppers. Although the safety of synthetically produced dihydrocapsiate has been previously evaluated, the purpose of this 13-week gavage toxicity study is to evaluate dihydrocapsiate produced with a slightly modified manufacturing process. Sprague-Dawley rats, 10 rats/sex/group, 6 weeks of age at study initiation, were administered the dihydrocapsiate daily by gavage at dose levels of 0 (vehicle), 100,300, or 1000 mg/kg/day. The rats were observed for antimortem and postmortem signs of toxicity, including changes in clinical signs, body weights, food consumption, water intake, ophthalmology, clinical pathology (clinical chemistry, hematology, urinalysis), tissue findings (macroscopic and microscopic examination), as well as organ weights. There were no changes observed in clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, water intake, ophthalmology, urinalysis, hematology, or blood chemistry that were attributable to the administration of dihydrocapsiate. The only change observed attributable to the dihydrocapsiate administration involved the liver and that change occurred only at the high dose (1000 mg/kg). Both sexes had an increase in organ weights, but this increase correlated with a change in histopathology (i.e., hepatocyte hypertrophy) only in the males. No dihydrocapsiate-related histopathological changes were observed in males at doses ≤300 mg/kg or in females at any of the doses tested (≤1000 mg/kg). It was concluded that the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of dihydrocapsiate was 300 mg/kg/day for male rats and 1000 mg/kg/day for female rats in this 13 week gavage study.

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