The genes of reproductive system of Сapsicum genus and the search for ways of their application in conditions of covered soil in Ukraine

Pepper (Capsicum genus) is one of the most important vegetables and spices in the world. There is constant work in studying the genetics of pepper. New genes and genetic markers are discovered, previously discovered ones are studied in a fi ner detail. Aim. The aim of this work was to describe and systematize currently known genes of the reproductive system of Capsicum genus plants and to highlight the issue of using recessive mutant genes in the selection process while creating new varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper. Methods. The world collection of sweet pepper, current varieties and hybrids of different countries, our own selection material was used to classify reproductive genes in the selective studies. The experiments were conducted in conditions of plastic and glass greenhouses according to modern methods. Results. The data obtained were systematized into the following groups of genes: functional and genetic sterility, cytoplasmic male sterility, fertility restora- tion, female fertility and the ones, responsible for fl owering processes. A part of described genes may be used in heterosis plant breeding and while creating the original initial material. The examples of using recessive mutant genes while creating new varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were presented along with their short characteristics. New varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were introduced into the State register of varieties of plants, suitable for growing in Ukraine. Conclusions. The characterized genes may be used in genetic and selection studies. A number of new commercial varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were created using reces- sive mutant genes.

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TEST RESULTS FOR CLONES OF GARLIC

VEGETABLE CROPS OF RUSSIA ◽

10.18619/2072-9146-2018-4-11-12 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 11-12

Author(s):

B. S. Salomov ◽

M. H. Aramov

Keyword(s):

Selection Process ◽

Test Results ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Small Areas ◽

State Register ◽

New Varieties ◽

Selection For ◽

The Republic ◽

High Yielding Varieties ◽

Almost All

A large number of forms and varieties of garlic created in the selection process allowed this culture to spread almost all over the world: in temperate regions, in subtropics and even in tropical regions. Currently, the world's acreage of garlic is 1.438 million hectares, the average yield is 16.9 tons per hectare, the gross yield is 24.255 million tons. The largest producers of garlic are China, India, South Korea and Egypt. The highest yield was recorded in Uzbekistan, Egypt, China, Tadjikistan. In Uzbekistan, it is grown everywhere, mainly on household plots and small areas in farms. In the republic, varieties of garlic are South-violet (1972) and May VIR (1978). Since 2004, the Surkhandarya Scientific Experimental Station of the VegetableMelon Crops and Potato Research Institute has been conducting selection work to create new varieties of garlic. As a result of the research, the Chidamli variety was introduced and, since 2016, introduced into the State Register. All zoned varieties belong to the group of autumn-sprouting varieties. In 2011- 2015, about 100 promising clones of garlic were evaluated in the south of Uzbekistan. The effectiveness of selection for the size of bulbs and teeth is revealed. Clones with a mass of bulbs and teeth are isolated. Clones with a bulb weight of more than 80 g and a tooth mass of more than 6 g are distinguished. They are a valuable source for the creation of high-yielding varieties of garlic in Uzbekistan.

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Wheat Breeding Research In The Zarafshan Oasis Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan

The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations ◽

10.37547/tajabe/volume02issue10-06 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 02 (10) ◽

pp. 27-37

Author(s):

Gaybullayev Gulom Saydalimovich ◽

◽

Bolbekov Makhsud Abduvakhobovich ◽

Tuygunov Rasul Bolibekovich ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Breeding ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

World Collection ◽

Breeding Research ◽

The World ◽

New Varieties ◽

Primary Selection ◽

The Creation ◽

The Republic ◽

Selection Of

The article describes the results of research on the selection of varieties suitable for the soil and climatic conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan based on the study of samples of the world collection of wheat in the breeding process and the creation of new varieties and primary selection by mixing them with one variety.

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Результаты селекции салата листового для использования в мелкотоварном производстве Ростовской области

Kartofel` i ovoshi ◽

10.25630/pav.2019.91.56.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

O.R. Davletbaeva ◽

A.N. Khovrin ◽

I.V. Barbaritskaya ◽

M.G. Ibragimbekov

Keyword(s):

The State ◽

World Production ◽

State Register ◽

The World ◽

New Varieties ◽

The Creation ◽

Regions Of Russia ◽

Selection Work

Дана характеристика мирового производства салата посевного, приведена его наиболее распространенная классификация. Рассказано о селекционной работе по созданию сортов салата для южных районов России, ведущейся в Агрохолдинге Поиск . Дана характеристика созданных и переданных для регистрации в государственный реестр двух новых сортов салата Грин мастер и Грин стар.The characteristic of the world production of lettuce is given, its most common classification is given. It is told about the selection work on the creation of varieties of lettuce for the southern regions of Russia, conducted in the Poisk Agro Holding. The characteristic of two new varieties of Green master and Green star salad created and transferred for registration in the state register is given.

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Optimal nutritional area for garlic seed plants

VEGETABLE CROPS OF RUSSIA ◽

10.18619/2072-9146-2020-4-76-78 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 76-78

Author(s):

B. S. Salomov ◽

M. H. Aramov ◽

T. T. Ramazonov ◽

I. M. Normuminov

Keyword(s):

Selection Process ◽

Average Weight ◽

Seed Plants ◽

Planting Pattern ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Small Areas ◽

State Register ◽

New Varieties ◽

The Republic ◽

Almost All

Relevance. A large number of forms and varieties of garlic created in the selection process allowed this culture to spread almost all over the world: in temperate regions, in subtropics and even in tropical regions. Currently, the world's acreage of garlic is 1.438 million hectares, the average yield is 16.9 tons per hectare, the gross yield is 24.255 million tons. The largest producers of garlic are China, India, South Korea and Egypt. The highest yield was recorded in Uzbekistan, Egypt, China, Tadjikistan. In Uzbekistan, it is grown everywhere, mainly on household plots and small areas in farms. In the republic, varieties of garlic are South-violet (1972) and May VIR (1978). Material and methods. Since 2004, the Surkhandarya Scientific Experimental Station of the Vegetable Melon Crops and Potato Research Institute has been conducting selection work to create new varieties of garlic. As a result of the research, the Chidamli variety was introduced and, since 2016, introduced into the State Register. All zoned varieties belong to the group of autumn-sprouting varieties. The purpose of this research is to determine the optimal nutritional area for seed plants of garlic in elite seed production. The object of research was the garlic variety Chidamli. Results. During organization of elite seed рroduction, planting of clovers on pattern (40+15+15) x l0 sm, (40+10+10+10) x l0 sm was considered acceptable. Big and qualitatative bulbs and clovers were got bu this planting pattern. Yielding capacity was 24,4-26,2 t/ha, average weight of bulbs 63-66 g, clovers number 13,0 pcs., average weight of clovers 4,5-4,7 g.

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Скрининг коллекционных образцов сои по скороспелости и продуктивности в условиях Рязанской области

Vestnik APK Verhnevolzh`ia ◽

10.35694/yarcx.2019.47.3.003 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 13-16

Author(s):

E.V. Gureeva

Keyword(s):

Central Region ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Plant Selection ◽

Important Indicator ◽

World Collection ◽

New Knowledge ◽

The World ◽

New Varieties ◽

Resistance To Stress ◽

Selection For

Представлены результаты изучения сортов сои мировой коллекции ВИР в условиях Рязанской области в 2015 2018 гг. Целью исследований является изучение коллекционного материала сои в условиях Рязанской области и выявление скороспелых и высокопродуктивных образцов, адаптированных к условиям Центрального региона России. В коллекционном питомнике изучалось 224 образца сои из 30 стран, в т.ч. 52 сортов отечественной селекции. Ежегодно самыми скороспелыми сортами были сорта российской селекции Эльдорадо, СибНИИК315, Касатка, Светлая сорта шведской селекции Brawalla и 1384 и сорт Прогресс (Польша). Установлено, что продуктивность сортов сои во все годы исследований в большей степени зависела от количества продуктивных узлов на растении (r 0,738) и количества семян на растении (r 0,827). Урожайность семян в 2015 2018 гг. сильно зависела от погодных условий: наиболее урожайными были сорта Мерлин (Австрия) и Gaillard (Канада). При изменяющихся погодных условиях важным показателем сортов является их устойчивость к стрессу. Установлено, что самую высокую устойчивость к стрессу ( 3,7) имеют сорт Елена (Украина) и линия Н17/09 (Россия). Самую низкую стрессоустойчивость имели сорта Мерлин ( 13,6) и MON04 ( 13,5). Полученные новые знания будут использованы в практической селекции при создании новых сортов, адаптированных к условиям Центрального региона России. При селекции сои на продуктивность необходимо учитывать количество продуктивных узлов, бобов и семян на растении. Селекция на скороспелость осуществляется с учётом пригодности сортов к механизированной уборке.The results of the study of soybean varieties of the world collection of VIR in the conditions of the Ryazan region in 2015 2018 are presented. The aim of the research is to study the collectable material of soybeans in the conditions of the Ryazan region and to identify earlyripening and highly productive samples adapted to the conditions of the Central region of Russia. 224 samples of soy from 30 countries were studied in a collection nursery including 52 of varieties of domestic selection. Annually the most earlyripening varieties were varieties of Russian selection Eldorado, SibNIIK315, Kasatka, Svetlaya varieties of Swedish selection Brawalla and 1384 and variety Progress (Poland). It was established that the productivity of soybean varieties in all years of research was more dependent on the number of productive nodes on the plant (r 0.738) and the number of seeds on the plant (r 0.827). Seed yield in 2015 2018 strongly depended on weather conditions: the most productive varieties were Merlin (Austria) and Gaillard (Canada). Under changing weather conditions an important indicator of varieties is their resistance to stress. It was established that the highest resistance to stress ( 3.7) was in the variety Elena (Ukraine) and the line N17/09 (Russia). The lowest stress resistance had varieties Merlin ( 13.6) and MON04 ( 13.5). The new knowledge gained will be used in practical selection to create new varieties adapted to the conditions of the Central region of Russia. When selecting soybeans for productivity it is necessary to take into account the number of productive nodes, beans and seeds on the plant. Selection for early ripeness is carried out taking into account the suitability of varieties for mechanized harvesting.

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Селекция и семеноводство картофеля в Камчатском крае

Kartofel` i ovoshi ◽

10.25630/pav.2018.8.18314 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽

T.P. Sherstyukova ◽

M.L. Gamolina

Keyword(s):

Russian Federation ◽

Potato Yield ◽

The State ◽

Limiting Factors ◽

State Register ◽

Region Selection ◽

New Varieties ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Selection Of

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.

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RESULTS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN BREEDERS OF DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN CREATION OF NEW GENERATION APPLE TREE

Vestnik of the Russian agricultural science ◽

10.30850/vrsn/2020/4/46-49 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 46-49

Author(s):

Е. N. Sedov ◽

T. V. Yanchuk ◽

S. А. Korneeva ◽

L. I. Dutova ◽

Е. V. Ulianovskaya

Keyword(s):

Selection Process ◽

North Caucasus ◽

Joint Work ◽

Crop Breeding ◽

Scientific Center ◽

The North ◽

State Register ◽

Russian Research Institute ◽

Apple Cultivars ◽

New Generation

The experience in cooperation of breeders of different institutions in creating cultivars is shown. It is not always when the breeding institution has the necessary initial forms for selection. In this regard, there is a need to conduct separate stages of selection in different breeding institutions. For this purpose, a provision on authorship and continuity in the integrated work of several institutions in fruit breeding has been developed (Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut crop breeding. Annex. – Orel, 1995. – pp. 492-498). Breeding work of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) and North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking can serve as a positive experience of creating new apple cultivars by two institutions. As a result of the joint work of these two institutions, 22 apple cultivars have been created, of which 9 have already been included in the state register of breeding achievements approved for use (zoned), including three cultivars for the conditions of the Middle zone of Russia – Aleksandr Boiko, Maslovskoye and Yablochny Spas and six cultivars for the conditions of the North Caucasus – Vasilisa, Karmen, Margo, Orfey, Soyuz and Talisman. Brief economical and biological characteristics of these cultivars are given in this paper. The obtained practical results indicate that in some cases, when creating modern cultivars that meet the requirements of production, it is necessary to use the knowledge of breeders, the source material and equipment of different breeding institutions, and carry out separate stages of the selection process in different institutions.

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Breeding of Buckwheat for Usage of Sprout and Pre-Harvest Sprouting Resistance

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050997 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 997

Author(s):

Tatsuro Suzuki ◽

Takahiro Hara ◽

Kenjiro Katsu

Keyword(s):

Subsequent Growth ◽

Local Economies ◽

Cereal Grain ◽

The World ◽

New Varieties ◽

Sprouting Resistance ◽

Sprout Growth ◽

Noodle Quality ◽

Buckwheat Flour

Buckwheat is recognized as an important traditional crop and supports local economies in several regions around the world. Buckwheat is used, for example, as a cereal grain, noodle and bread. In addition, buckwheat is also used as a sprout or a young seedling. For these foods, sprouting is an important characteristic that affects food quality. For foods made from buckwheat flour, pre-harvest sprouting may decrease yield, which also leads to the deterioration of noodle quality. Breeding buckwheat that is resistant to pre-harvest sprouting is therefore required. Germination and subsequent growth are also important characteristics of the quality of sprouts. Although buckwheat sprouts are the focus because they contain many functional compounds, such as rutin, several problems have been noted, such as thin hypocotyls and husks remaining on sprouts. To date, several new varieties have been developed to resolve these quality issues. In this review, we summarize and introduce research on the breeding of buckwheat related to quality, sprouting and subsequent sprout growth.

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