scholarly journals Optimal nutritional area for garlic seed plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-78
Author(s):  
B. S. Salomov ◽  
M. H. Aramov ◽  
T. T. Ramazonov ◽  
I. M. Normuminov
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All

Relevance. A large number of forms and varieties of garlic created in the selection process allowed this culture to spread almost all over the world: in temperate regions, in subtropics and even in tropical regions. Currently, the world's acreage of garlic is 1.438 million hectares, the average yield is 16.9 tons per hectare, the gross yield is 24.255 million tons. The largest producers of garlic are China, India, South Korea and Egypt. The highest yield was recorded in Uzbekistan, Egypt, China, Tadjikistan. In Uzbekistan, it is grown everywhere, mainly on household plots and small areas in farms. In the republic, varieties of garlic are South-violet (1972) and May VIR (1978). Material and methods. Since 2004, the Surkhandarya Scientific Experimental Station of the Vegetable Melon Crops and Potato Research Institute has been conducting selection work to create new varieties of garlic. As a result of the research, the Chidamli variety was introduced and, since 2016, introduced into the State Register. All zoned varieties belong to the group of autumn-sprouting varieties. The purpose of this research is to determine the optimal nutritional area for seed plants of garlic in elite seed production. The object of research was the garlic variety Chidamli. Results. During organization of elite seed рroduction, planting of clovers on pattern (40+15+15) x l0 sm, (40+10+10+10) x l0 sm was considered acceptable. Big and qualitatative bulbs and clovers were got bu this planting pattern. Yielding capacity was 24,4-26,2 t/ha, average weight of bulbs 63-66 g, clovers number 13,0 pcs., average weight of clovers 4,5-4,7 g. 

scholarly journals TEST RESULTS FOR CLONES OF GARLIC

2018 ◽  
pp. 11-12
Author(s):  
B. S. Salomov ◽  
M. H. Aramov
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Almost All

A large number of forms and varieties of garlic created in the selection process allowed this culture to spread almost all over the world: in temperate regions, in subtropics and even in tropical regions. Currently, the world's acreage of garlic is 1.438 million hectares, the average yield is 16.9 tons per hectare, the gross yield is 24.255 million tons. The largest producers of garlic are China, India, South Korea and Egypt. The highest yield was recorded in Uzbekistan, Egypt, China, Tadjikistan. In Uzbekistan, it is grown everywhere, mainly on household plots and small areas in farms. In the republic, varieties of garlic are South-violet (1972) and May VIR (1978). Since 2004, the Surkhandarya Scientific Experimental Station of the VegetableMelon Crops and Potato Research Institute has been conducting selection work to create new varieties of garlic. As a result of the research, the Chidamli variety was introduced and, since 2016, introduced into the State Register. All zoned varieties belong to the group of autumn-sprouting varieties. In 2011- 2015, about 100 promising clones of garlic were evaluated in the south of Uzbekistan. The effectiveness of selection for the size of bulbs and teeth is revealed. Clones with a mass of bulbs and teeth are isolated. Clones with a bulb weight of more than 80 g and a tooth mass of more than 6 g are distinguished. They are a valuable source for the creation of high-yielding varieties of garlic in Uzbekistan.

The basic technological components of growing and harvesting of grain of spring wheat in Kama zone of the Republic of Tatarstan

10.12737/1386 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
Сержанов ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Шайхутдинов ◽  
Farit Shaykhutdinov ◽  
Майоров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yields

The potential of spring wheat varieties, included in the state register list and recommended for cultivation in the Republic of Tatarstan, and the climatic conditions of the Republic allow to obtain the high yields in improving and implementing advanced technology of its cultivation. One of the main conditions for successful cultivation of spring wheat in the region is the proper selection of varieties. Nowadays the varieties with a relatively high resistance to drought, disease and pests, successfully competing with weeds, good usage of soil fertility and at the same time responsive to fertilizers are reclaimed. This approach is explained by the desire to reduce the grain production cost and for environmental management, taking into account environmental constraints. The use of natural resources and the adaptive properties of growing varieties offers in-depth assessment of soil and climatic conditions up to the micro-level, i.e. for each farm, field, land and a thorough study of the features and capabilities of varieties. Only in this way it can be reasonably implement zoning varieties, depending on the situation, even pick up for small areas of two or three suitable varieties of quite a large number of cases in the region. What is important now is another question - how feasible to get the grain of spring wheat with good baking qualities in practice in different agro-climatic zones of the Republic. A major role in this belongs to varieties, agricultural machinery, fertilizers, post-harvest grain handling and other factors. As for the Republic of Tatarstan, the study of comprehensive evaluation of several previously recommended for cultivation and some new varieties of spring wheat wasn’t conducted. Taking into account the knowledge base of questions, in this study the task was to conduct a comprehensive comparative evaluation of spring wheat varieties for specific climatic conditions of the zone, based on observations, surveys and analyzes to evaluate the studied varieties of spring wheat and make appropriate recommendations.

The genes of reproductive system of Сapsicum genus and the search for ways of their application in conditions of covered soil in Ukraine

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
V. Kravchenko ◽  
T. Stepenko
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Genes ◽  
World Collection ◽  
The World ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Recessive Mutant ◽  
Mutant Genes

Pepper (Capsicum genus) is one of the most important vegetables and spices in the world. There is constant work in studying the genetics of pepper. New genes and genetic markers are discovered, previously discovered ones are studied in a fi ner detail. Aim. The aim of this work was to describe and systematize currently known genes of the reproductive system of Capsicum genus plants and to highlight the issue of using recessive mutant genes in the selection process while creating new varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper. Methods. The world collection of sweet pepper, current varieties and hybrids of different countries, our own selection material was used to classify reproductive genes in the selective studies. The experiments were conducted in conditions of plastic and glass greenhouses according to modern methods. Results. The data obtained were systematized into the following groups of genes: functional and genetic sterility, cytoplasmic male sterility, fertility restora- tion, female fertility and the ones, responsible for fl owering processes. A part of described genes may be used in heterosis plant breeding and while creating the original initial material. The examples of using recessive mutant genes while creating new varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were presented along with their short characteristics. New varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were introduced into the State register of varieties of plants, suitable for growing in Ukraine. Conclusions. The characterized genes may be used in genetic and selection studies. A number of new commercial varieties and hybrids of sweet pepper were created using reces- sive mutant genes.

scholarly journals DIRECTIONS AND RESULTS OF PLANT BREEDING WORK REGARDING SHALLOT (ALLIUM ASCALONICUML.)UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE MOSCOW REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
T.M. Seredin ◽  
◽  
V.V. Shumilina ◽  
S.V. Zharkova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
State Register ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Almost All

Onion crops and their beneficial properties have been known for centuries. The biological characteristics of onion crops allow using their fresh green mass and bulbs almost all year round. Onion crops overwinter well, grow in early spring and are used at a time when no other crop yet pro-duces from open ground. One of the most common onion species today is the shallot (Allium ascalonicumL.). Varie-ties are needed for the successful introduction of the shal-lot into the production process or for cultivation in the gar-den. At present, 65 shallot varieties have been entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use. Taking into account that the crop is diverse in its mor-phological structure, response to growing conditions and the ability to realize its biological potential, the plant breed-ers do a lot of work on selecting promising material and development of varieties for specific cultivation regions. The goal of this research was to study the shallot collection nursery regarding the main economically valuable traits under the conditions of the Moscow Region, to identify promising forms and develop new varieties on their basis. The study was conducted from 2017 through 2019 in the Moscow Region at the Federal Scientific Center of Vegeta-ble Crop Productionon the experimental plot of the Labora-tory of Onion Crop Breeding and Seed Production. The research targets were 80 shallot candidate varieties of var-ious ecological and geographical origins. In our study, the response of the candidate varieties to growing conditions varied significantly. The shallot is cultivated to obtain green onion and bulbs. Of all the varieties under the study, 10 varieties significantly out-yielded the standard variety Yashma (16.6 t ha) in terms of bulbs. The maximum yield of bulbs was obtained from the Zolotaya Zvezda variety -21.3 t ha; this variety exceeded the value of the standard by 46.4%. The findings obtained by studying the shallot collection material regarding the main economically valua-ble traits made it possible to identify the promising forms that may be used in further breeding work as genetic sources for developing new varieties.

scholarly journals New varieties of shallots for Siberian conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
O. V. Malykhina ◽  
E. V. Shishkina ◽  
S. V. Zharkova
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
The State ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Variety Testing

Relevance. Shallot is the universal culture in terms of its economically valuable indicators. Breeders in the south of Western Siberia carry out a lot of research work with the aim of creating varieties for Siberian conditions. Long-term studies have made it possible to select promising samples, and exceeding in their indicators the value of signs of released varieties.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in field and laboratory conditions on the basis of the West Siberian Vegetable Experimental Station in the Priobskaya zone of the Altai Territory in 2016-2020. Research objects: samples of the nursery of competitive variety testing. Three appreciable forms No. 37, No. 39 and No. 48 passed competitive variety testing and, according to the results of the research, were transferred to the State Variety Testing.Results. Sample No. 39 showed marketable yield, which exceeded this indicator of the standard variety by 23.7% and amounted to 23.2 t/ha. The average weight of the sample No. 39 marketable bulbs was 29.0 g, for the standard variety it was 23.4 g. The content of vitamin C in the bulbs and leaves of the new sample exceeded these indicators of the standard variety by 0.3% and 0.53%, respectively. In 2018, sample No. 37 was transferred to the State Variety Testing. This sample belongs to the early maturing group. The bulbs yield of the new sample during all the years of testing significantly exceeded the yield of the standard variety and amounted to 20.3 t/ha (2016- 2018). Sample No. 48 was submitted to the State Variety Testing in 2020. The excess in bulbs yield of this sample was (2019-2020): 13,3%, leaves – 18,8%. In 2019, the Sharm variety was zoned and entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements, in 2020 – the Chance variety. Sample No. 48 with the proposed name Pharaon has been undergoing the State Variety Testing since 2021.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Potential and Inhibitory Properties of New Varieties of Leguminous Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Анна Вебер ◽  
Anna Veber ◽  
Светлана Леонова ◽  
Svetlana Leonova ◽  
Фирзинат Давлетов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
State Register ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yielding Varieties

New varieties of leguminous plants expand the range and improve the quality of healthy food products. The new legumes meet the requirements of modern food production. In addition, they demonstrate low inhibitory properties and possess a high phytochemical potential. Domestic non-GM peas and beans have a high nutritional and biological value; they are cheap, highly profitable, and can be produced in large volumes. Thus, they have a high potential for expanding the raw material base of the food industry. The Republic of Bashkortostan is the leader in pea production: the State Register of Breeding Achievements contains over 10 varieties cultivated by Bashkir scientists. Researchers of the Omsk State Agrarian University have created high-yielding varieties of beans with improved consumer qualities that are adapted to Siberian environment. However, the qualitative indicators of the new varieties remain understudied. The present research expands the raw material base for the production of healthy and functional foods with the new legumes adapted to the conditions of West Siberia and the Urals. The study features the characteristics of legumes of Siberian and Ural ecotype, which helps to expand the information database on the phytochemical potential of the new varieties. The beans were provided by the Omsk State Agrarian University, the peas – by the Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture (harvest of 2018). The main objectives of the study were to determine the indicators that form the nutritional and biological value of the raw materials: protein content, dietary fiber, the presence and quantity of macro and microelements, enzymes, and trypsin inhibitor, also during germination.

Селекция и семеноводство картофеля в Камчатском крае

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Ryakhovskaya ◽  
T.P. Sherstyukova ◽  
M.L. Gamolina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
The State ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
State Register ◽  
Region Selection ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of

Рассмотрены агроклиматические условия Камчатского края и лимитирующие факторы, сдерживающие рост урожайности картофеля. Приведены характеристики новых сортов картофеля селекции Камчатского НИИСХ созданных в соответствии с приоритетными для региона направлениями селекции, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений РФ и охраняемых патентами.Agroclimatic conditions of the Kamchatka Krai and limiting factors that restrain the growth of potato yield are considered. The characteristics of new varieties of potatoes of the selection of the Kamchatsky RIA are created in accordance with the priority for the region selection areas included in the State Register of Selection Achievements of the Russian Federation and protected by patents.

Итоги селекционно-семеноводческой работы с редечными культурами на Дальнем Востоке

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V  Leunov ◽  
Y  Mikheev
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Soil Pathogens ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
State Register ◽  
Golden Horn ◽  
The Far East ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Technological Methods

Расширение ассортимента потребляемых овощных культур – одна из основных задач в селекционно-семеноводческой работе с редечными культурами на Дальнем Востоке. В статье приводятся данные о селекции редечных культур (лобы, дайкона, редьки и др.) на Приморской овощной опытной станции. В результате проведения многолетних исследований и реализации ряда научных программ был создан новый исходный материал для селекции. В настоящем материале также подведены итоги актуальных направлений в селекции редечных культур в условиях муссонного климата. Селекционно-семеноводческие исследования в условиях климата Дальнего Востока с использованием индивидуального, а также индивидуально-семейственного методов отбора, разработка и внедрение технологических приемов первичного и сортового семеноводства обеспечили создание перспективного селекционного материала. Выделены ценные генисточники для создания новых сортообразцов китайского, японского и европейского подвидов редьки с высокими иммунологическими, продуктивными и товарными качествами, повышенными биохимическими показателями, высокой устойчивостью к переувлажнению почвы и возбудителями болезней. Созданы и включены в Госреестр РФ высокопродуктивные сорта китайского подвида редьки (лоба) Малиновый шар и Золотой рог, европейского подвида зимней редьки Ночная красавица, устойчивые к переувлажнению почвы и цветушности, бактериальным заболеваниям. В результате более чем двадцатилетних исследований изучены морфологические и биологические особенности формирования семенных растений редьки, использование эффективных элементов отбора в сочетании с агротехническими приемами возделывания. Усовершенствованы технологические методы первичного и товарного семеноводства редьки, выделены благоприятные агроклиматические зоны выращивания семенных растений, способствующие получению высококачественных семян при сохранении ими высоких биологических и хозяйственных признаков. Для условий муссонного климата Дальнего Востока внедрена в производство система первичного и сортового семеноводства редьки с использованием пересадочной и беспересадочной технологии выращивания. Результаты работы открывают дорогу к созданию новых высокоурожайных российских сортов и гибридов редечных культур.Expansion of the range of consumption of vegetable crops is one of the main tasks in the breeding and seed work with regions cultures in the Far East. The article presents data on the breeding radishes cultures (loba, daikon, radish, etc.) on the Maritime vegetable experiment station. As a result of years of research and implementation of a number of research programs has created a new source material for breeding. In this paper also summarize the current trends in the selection of radishes cultures in conditions of monsoonal climate. Breeding and seed research in the climate conditions of the Far East with the use of individual and individual and family methods of selection, development and implementation of technological methods of primary and varietal seed production ensured the development of advanced breeding material. Allocated valuable genitocracy to create new varieties of Chinese, Japanese and European subspecies of radishes cultures with high immunological, productive and commercial qualities, elevated biochemical parameters, high resistance to waterlogging and soil pathogens. Created and included in the state register of the Russian Federation high-yielding varieties of Chinese subspecies of radish (loba) a Crimson ball and the Golden horn, the European subspecies winter radish Night beauty, resistant to waterlogging of the soil and bolting and bacterial diseases. As a result of more than twenty years studied the morphological and biological peculiarities of formation of seed plants of radishes, the use of effective elements of selection in combination with agrotechnical methods of cultivation. Improved technological methods of primary and commercial seed radishes allocated to favorable agro-climatic zones of cultivation of seed plants, which would produce high-quality seeds while preserving their high biological and economic characteristics. For the conditions of monsoon climate of the Far East implemented in the production system of primary and varietal seed radishes using transit and non-stop growing technologies. The results of this work open the way to the creation of new high-yielding Russian varieties and hybrids of radishes cultures.

RESULTS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN BREEDERS OF DIFFERENT INSTITUTIONS IN CREATION OF NEW GENERATION APPLE TREE

1970 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Е. N. Sedov ◽  
T. V. Yanchuk ◽  
S. А. Korneeva ◽  
L. I. Dutova ◽  
Е. V. Ulianovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The North ◽  
State Register ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
New Generation

The experience in cooperation of breeders of different institutions in creating cultivars is shown. It is not always when the breeding institution has the necessary initial forms for selection. In this regard, there is a need to conduct separate stages of selection in different breeding institutions. For this purpose, a provision on authorship and continuity in the integrated work of several institutions in fruit breeding has been developed (Program and methods of fruit, berry and nut crop breeding. Annex. – Orel, 1995. – pp. 492-498). Breeding work of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK) and North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking can serve as a positive experience of creating new apple cultivars by two institutions. As a result of the joint work of these two institutions, 22 apple cultivars have been created, of which 9 have already been included in the state register of breeding achievements approved for use (zoned), including three cultivars for the conditions of the Middle zone of Russia – Aleksandr Boiko, Maslovskoye and Yablochny Spas and six cultivars for the conditions of the North Caucasus – Vasilisa, Karmen, Margo, Orfey, Soyuz and Talisman. Brief economical and biological characteristics of these cultivars are given in this paper. The obtained practical results indicate that in some cases, when creating modern cultivars that meet the requirements of production, it is necessary to use the knowledge of breeders, the source material and equipment of different breeding institutions, and carry out separate stages of the selection process in different institutions.

scholarly journals Effect of Integrated Neuromuscular Exercise in Physical Education Class on Health-Related Fitness in Female Children

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Marijana Sinđić ◽  
Draženka Mačak ◽  
Nikola Todorović ◽  
Bianka Purda ◽  
Maja Batez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Muscular Fitness ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Endurance ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Integrated neuromuscular training (INT) showed benefits for improving fundamental movement skills (FMS). However, the INT health-related fitness (HRF) effects are lacking. The current study aimed to determine the effects of INT implemented during physical education (PE) in a primary school in the Republic of Serbia on HRF in female children. The sample consisted of 72 healthy girls who were divided into the intervention (EG: n = 37; mean ± SD: age = 8.17 ± 0.31) and control (CG: n = 35; age = 8.11 ± 0.31) groups. The EG and CG performed the INT program and traditional PE activities two times per week within the first ~15 min of PE class, respectively. The Fitnessgram battery tests assessed the HRF (body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular fitness, and flexibility) before and after the program. After eight weeks, the EG significantly reduced all fat measures, while the CG decreased only triceps skinfold but to a smaller extent (F = 5.92, p < 0.02, ŋ2 = 0.09). Both groups significantly improved the performance of almost all muscular fitness tests (curl-ups, trunk lift, push-ups); however, the EG increased the push-ups more than the CG (F = 9.01, p < 0.01, ŋ2 = 0.14). The EG additionally improved the modified pull-ups (F = 14.09, p < 0.01, ŋ2 = 0.19) and flexed arm hang (F = 28.82, p < 0.01, ŋ2 = 0.33) tests. The flexibility and cardiorespiratory endurance of both groups did not significantly change after eight weeks. This approach of exercise showed positive acceptance and relatively good results after only eight weeks.

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