Methodical Approach to Assessing the Impact of Investment Activities on Import Substitution in Machine-Building Product Markets

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Владимир Борисов ◽  
Vladimir Borisov ◽  
Ольга Почукаева ◽  
Olga Pochukaeva
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Building Product ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Engineering Industries

The design of methods helping to assess the impact of investments and innovations on the development of manufacture and the growth of competitiveness in the engineering industries aims at establishing a system of criteria and tools used in forecasting and analytics of the impact from the innovative technological development of machine building on the performance of the real sector of the Russian economy. The developed toolkit helps to quantitatively estimate the development of machine-building commodity markets and anticipate structural changes depending on the effectiveness of investment activity. To measure import substitution in the growing market, the authors offer an indicator quantifying the increasing demand in the domestic market due to the increased output of domestic machinery products taking into account the export trends. This indicator helps to measure competitiveness as the outcome of investment and innovation effectiveness in the engineering industries. Thus, if the increasing demand in the growing market beats out the production growth figures and spurs an increase in the share of imported equipment in the domestic market, this indicates limited production capacities of domestic businesses, poor and uncompetitive manufacturing capacities. If, in the growing market, both indicators show an upward trend, it means that domestic enterprises possess technologies for increased output with technical and operational specifications meeting the global standards.

scholarly journals Domestic engineering as a factor of scientific and technological development of the Russian economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
V. N. Borisov ◽  
O. V. Pochukaevа
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Quantitative Estimates ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Engineering Industries

Purpose:study of the impact of innovation and technological development of engineering industries on the effectiveness of the impact of engineering factors on the growth and development of the economy.Methods: in conducting the study, the methods and tools developed by the authors based on the scientific base and the mathematical apparatus used in economic and statistical research were used.Results: the following tasks were solved: analysis of the efficiency of the functioning of the engineering industries in terms of contribution to the formation of gross value added, import substitution and export of products; analysis of the development of engineering production and its impact on the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation. Quantitative estimates of the effectiveness of the structural and dynamic indicators of the functioning of engineering industries have been obtained. This made it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of the machinebuilding factor impact on the growth and development of the economy of the regions of the Russian Federation.Conclusions and Relevance: a special place of engineering in the structure of the economy determines the energy of its positive impact on the development of the entire industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The increase in the share of GVA, the growth of exports and import substitution indicates a positive shift in engineering towards the growth of competitiveness. Modernization of as a system of measures aimed at expanding the production base at a new technological level using the groundwork of domestic science and attracting advanced technologies is a necessary condition for involving other manufacturing industries and the entire real economy in the process of innovation and technological reequipment. It has been established that in regions with a higher level of production diversification, the influence of the mechanical-engineering factor is increasing, which contributes to an increase in the efficiency of the processing industries. The relevance of our research is due to the need to obtain quantitative estimates of the effectiveness of the functioning of the regions under the influence of a combination of factors of innovation and technological development of mechanical engineering. 

THE IMPACT OF UKRAINE'S EXCISE DUTY POLICY ON THE TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF THE TOBACCO MARKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Nadiia NOVYTSKA ◽  
◽  
Inna KHLIEBNIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Excise Duty ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Transformation Processes

The market of tobacco products in Ukraine is one of the most dynamic and competitive. It develops under the influence of certain factors that cause structural changes, therefore, the aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of transformation processes in the market of tobacco and their alternatives in Ukraine and identify the factors that cause them. The high level of tax burden and the proliferation of alternative products with a potentially lower risk to human health, including heating tobacco products and e-cigarettes, are key factors in the market’s transformation process. Their presence leads to an increase in illicit turnover of tobacco products, which accounts for 6.37% of the market, and the gradual replacement of cigarettes with alternative products, which account for 12.95%. The presence on the market of products that are not taxed or taxed at lower rates is one of the reasons for the reduction of excise duty revenues. According to the results of 2019, the planned indicators of revenues were not met by 23.5%. Other reasons for non-fulfillment of excise duty revenues include: declining dynamics of the tobacco products market; reduction in the number of smokers; reorientation of «cheap whites» cigarette flows from Ukraine to neighboring countries; tax avoidance. Prospects for further research are identified, namely the need to develop measures for state regulation and optimization of excise duty taxation of tobacco products and their alternatives, taking into account the risks to public health and increasing demand of illegal products.

scholarly journals NEO-INDUSTRIAL IMPORT SUBSTITUTION STRATEGY IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-33
Author(s):  
MAZARAKI Anatoliy ◽  
МЕLNYK Tetiana
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
World Market ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Goods And Services

Background. The high level of the country’s dependence on imports of goods and services leads to significant vulnerability of its economy to market fluctuations, adverse price trends in the world market and threatens the competitiveness of domestic production and exports. The analysis of recent research and publications reveals that the problems of import contribution to the process of commodity saturation of Ukraine’s domestic market, structural changes identification, strategic priorities and institutional transformations in the state implementation of import substitution policy need in-depth study. The aim of this paper is to study implementation possibilities of the strategy of neo-industrial import substitution in the economy of Ukraine. Materials and methods. Modern scientific concepts, theoretical work on development and analysis of internal market functioning, statistical data are theoretical and methodological basis of this paper. Methods of statistical analysis, synthesis, grouping and graphical representation of the results were used to achieve the research purpose and implementation of the tasks. Results. The concept of neo-industrial import substitution is considered. The present state of Ukraine’s domestic market development and foreign trade is analyzed, the determinants of import dependence of Ukraine’s economy are defined. Thus, problematic issues of institutional support for the implementation of neo-industrial import substitution strategy in Ukraine are outlined, the proposals for its realization are made. Conclusion. Thus, we believe thatit is necessary to overcome barriers (organizational, institutional, technological) that hinder the implementation of neo-industrial economy model for realization of neo-industrial import substitution strategy in Ukraine. It provides performance of a set of conditions: the formation of a favorable institutional regime for the development of import-substituting productions, purposeful outing to the institutional trajectory of neo-industrial development, the formation of necessary institutional environment with general economic program development of neo-industrial import substitution. Keywords: foreign trade, import, domestic market, import substitution, import dependence, neo-industrial import substitution, structure of import use.

scholarly journals The role of the state in ensuring food import substitution at the regional level in a pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00087
Author(s):  
Tatyana Solovyova ◽  
Danil Zyukin
Keyword(s):  
Financial Support ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Impact

The study analyzes the aspects that determine the change in the role of the state and the form of its impact on the agricultural sector in the context of the impact of the pandemic on all socio-economic processes in the country. The article reveals the importance of implementing the import substitution program from social and economic positions for Russia. A complex of adverse consequences brought by the pandemic to the public life and economy of the country is given, which determines the change in the role of the state in matters of regulation and direct financial support of agricultural production. The article discusses the advisability of using "helicopter money" as a way to help the population in difficult social conditions and at the same time as a way to stimulate effective demand for essential domestic products, including food products. In the context of a pandemic, the necessity of payments to support direct agricultural producers to maintain their financial stability is substantiated, the calculation of which is recommended to be tied to the arable land area and livestock population. The study provides a list of basic principles that are recommended to be applied when using instruments of direct financial support and regulation from the state. It is important to ensure not only the survival of agribusiness in the current conditions, but also to create opportunities for maintaining investment activity in the implementation of large projects, as well as to ensure the maintenance of the level of intensification in the current production cycle.

scholarly journals Determinants of Domestic Trade Development in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
K. Y. Pugachevska ◽  
◽  
A. H. Lyzanets ◽  
M. V. Gomba ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Intermediate Consumption ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The Impact

Intensification of globalization processes and transition of economically developed countries to the post-industrial stage of development determine the modern vector of structural and institutional transformation of the domestic market as a whole and trade in particular. The article is aimed at estimating the determinants of the development of domestic trade in Ukraine. The indicators of internal trade development are analyzed. The regional structure of retail turnover of Ukraine is provided. The risks and threats of foreign trade liberalization for domestic producers are characterized. The share of imported food and non-food products sold through the trade network of enterprises is computed. The commodity structure of imports by wide economic categories is provided. The risks of growing import dependence of the Ukrainian economy in terms of goods for final and intermediate consumption are identified. It is substantiated that one of the important vectors of improving the efficiency of the national economy is structural changes in the sphere of domestic trade. The prospects for the development of domestic trade in Ukraine are generalized, including those caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is argued that the coronavirus crisis is one of the key challenges for business in modern conditions, covering all its aspects – from sectoral to global supply chains. The priority of digital transformation of enterprises in order to protect their own position from high technologies of competitors and the opportunity to take advantage of greater functionality of digital business models with their adaptability and performance is determined. It is substantiated that the processes of globalization in the context of the coronavirus crisis have slowed down, which can lead to significant changes in the structure of the market, affect the distribution of online and offline trading. The prospect of further research in this direction is the forecasting of challenges and threats of the post-pandemic development for the domestic market of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Import substitution strategies in the global economy: lessons for Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-402
Author(s):  
A. Sh. Subhonberdiev ◽  
A. N. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
World Market ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
The World

The world experience of implementation of import substitution strategy is being studied; reveals the essence of the main models; Identify those aspects that will prove useful in modern Russian conditions. The development of import-substituting industries according to the intra-oriented strategy is carried out in order to develop exclusively the domestic market of the country. From the point of view of the national economy, this strategy leads to the preservation of the backlog, primarily in the field of technological and scientific-technical cooperation and prevents the emergence of industries in the economy-locomotives that can ensure the world level of progress. The use of this model of import substitution has become a determining trend in the development of the so-called new industrial countries (NIS).The intra-oriented strategy of import substitution plays a stimulating role in creating a diversified national economy, expanding the production of important goods on its own. The conceptual basis for the implementation of this strategy was the theory of the peripheral economy, developed by a group of Latin American scientists headed by the Executive Secretary of the UN Economic Commission. According to this concept, the demand for products. The use of the designated model of import substitution has become a trend of development of the so-called new industrial countries of Latin America. Another option for the implementation of import substitution policy can be a strategy of foreign-oriented import substitution, which is characterized by the achievement of structural changes in the economy through the replacement of imported components and parts in export products. Implementation of import-substituting policy, according to this model, involves the development of production of national goods on a sufficiently large domestic market, followed by their promotion on the world market.

Investment activity in the Ural Federal District in the context of import substitution

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2678-2701
Author(s):  
N.V. Krivenko ◽  
A.V. Trynov ◽  
D.S. Epaneshnikova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Federal District ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Commodity Group ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Substitution Policy ◽  
Investment In Fixed Assets ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The article considers the investment activity in the regions of the Ural Federal District. Objectives. We analyze the impact of import substitution policy on investment activity by type of economic activity, using the regions of the Ural Federal District case. Methods. We employed methods of logic, statistical, and structural analysis. Results. We offer our own approach to the study of the impact of import substitution policy on the investment activity of regions. It rests on comparing the dynamics of Russian imports by major commodity group and the dynamics of investment in fixed assets by type of economic activity. The study revealed two trends. First, the development of substitute goods production. Second, the commodity sector development. It was found that in 2013–2019, investments in the sectors of mining and processing of mineral resources demonstrated faster growth. At the same time, investments in the production of import substituting goods did not show a stable positive dynamics. Thus, the enterprises of the Ural Federal District are more focused on the production of traditional export goods; the orientation of the import substitution policy to the domestic market and high-tech exports currently does not give the expected results and is local in nature. Conclusions. The results of the study can be used by Federal and regional authorities to assess the impact of import substitution policies on the investment activity of enterprises.

scholarly journals The methodology for assessing the level of localization of agricultural tractors production

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Z.A. Godzhayev ◽  
◽  
A.V. Lavrov ◽  
V.G. Shevtsov ◽  
V.A. Zubina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agricultural Tractors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The existing list of requirements for agricultural tractors to classify them as products manufac-tured in Russia is considered. An assessment of the impact of the requirements of the Government of the Russian Federation decree on the fulfillment of tasks for the development of the Russian economy was made. It is proposed to stimulate the creation of jobs by setting a threshold value for the level of localization in terms of cost indicator. An assessment of the technological need for agri-cultural tractors for the primary stimulation of the production of the most scarce equipment was car-ried out. An approach to motivate the technological development of production and improve the technical level of products of enterprises is proposed. It is indicated that it is necessary to take into account in the methodology the directions of the manufacturer's activity that are important for the agricultural consumer. An improved methodology for assessing the level of localization of produc-tion of agricultural mobile energy products is presented. The basic methodology was significantly adjusted with the transition from an arbitrary list of obsolete technological operations to the cost assessment of modern technologies, quantitative accounting of the scarcity of manufactured equip-ment, the volume of service, the development of R&D works, the operational provision of spare parts, etc. The level of localization, which is sufficient to recognize a specific model as produced in Russia, is calculated as the sum of the shares of the cost of the tractor using a number of reducing factors that take into account the progressive influence of localized production: the scarcity ratio of the manufactured model; the service network coefficient; R&D funding ratio; spare parts warehouse availability factor. The implementation of this methodology contributes to the solution of tasks for the development of the Russian economy: job creation; organization of production of scarce equip-ment (import substitution); promotion of innovative technologies; maintenance of service; devel-opment of research and development work; prompt provision of spare parts.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC SECURITY OF MACHINE-BUILDING INDUSTRY: PROBLEMS OF ECONOMIC POTENTIAL ACCUMULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2(67)) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
O.Z. REDKVA
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Machine Building Complex ◽  
Building Enterprises

Topicality. In the conditions of ambiguity of the situation that has developed over the past years in the economy, each enterprise needs to focus on developing measures to minimize the impact of adverse factors of the external and internal environment, which can be achieved through system monitoring of changes in the situation, as well as the effective management of economic activity Actual increase of the economic potential of the machine-building industry, which will provide good management, will create conditions for timely response to threats and hazards, strengthen the system of economic security of enterprises in accordance with changing environmental conditions. Aim and tasks. The goal of the paper is to investigate and identify the problems of building up economic potential, their impact on the economic safety of the machine-building enterprise, in particular, and on the industry as a whole. In this regard, the task of carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the main indicators of economic capacity building at the enterprises of the machine-building industry, which will be able to identify the main problems and threats to the industry, identify the strengths and opportunities to understand the main problems of building capacity of the machine-building complex to ensure economic security. Research results. The share of industrial innovation and active enterprises according to the types of implemented innovations has been analyzed. The development of economic potential of machine-building enterprises has been researched. The main problems and threats have been outlined for ensuring economic security and development of the industry. It has been established that the investigated branch has a number of strengths and opportunities, which, taking into account the condition of limiting the impact of weaknesses and threats, gives grounds for specific strategies for the development of machine-building enterprises. In the circumstances in the industry there is practically no development potential. Leading companies are working out the development programs that include expansion of production facilities, updating of production equipment, development of scientific base, increasing of consumer properties of released products and also of the one being produced. It must be admitted that this is the only possible way out of the crisis and the transition to the development of the industry. However, the implementation of these programs is complicated by the lack of adequate funding, as most enterprises carry out technological innovations mainly at their own expense. Conclusions. The main problems of increasing the economic potential of machine-building enterprises are as follows: relative non-competitiveness of products in comparison with products of developed countries; unpopularity of products of the domestic machine-building complex in world markets and the absence of world brands; imperfection of investment activity in most enterprises: insignificant level of implementation of development of scientific and technological progress in comparison with potential opportunities in the production of innovative products; significant level of depreciation of fixed assets, a significant lag of the state of fixed assets from the technological level of developed countries; use of outdated technological developments.

scholarly journals From Import Substitution to Integration into Global Production Networks: The Case of the Indian Automobile Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-99
Author(s):  
Prema-chandra Athukorala ◽  
C. Veeramani
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Government

This paper examines the growth trajectory and the current state of the Indian automobile industry, paying attention to factors that underpinned its transition from import substitution to integration into global production networks. Market-conforming policies implemented by the government of India over the past 2 decades, which marked a clear departure from protectionist policies in the past, have been instrumental in transforming the Indian automobile industry in line with ongoing structural changes in the world automobile industry. India has emerged as a significant producer of compact cars within global automobile production networks. Compact cars exported from India have become competitive in the international market because of the economies of scale of producing for a large domestic market and product adaptation to suit domestic market conditions. Interestingly, there are no significant differences in prices of compact cars sold in domestic and foreign markets. This suggests that the hypothesis of “import protection as export promotion” does not hold for Indian automobile exports.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document