scholarly journals EFFECT OF OBESITY ON BONE METABOLISM

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
I.G. Litovka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
The State ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Relationship

The review of current literature presents data on the prevalence of obesity and its impact on bone metabolism. These results suggest that there is a complex multilevel relationship between the skeletal system, adipose tissue and energy metabolism. However, informational analysis of the problem has shown that there are still many unresolved issues regarding the relationship between metabolic and osteopenic syndromes. At the same time, studies of the state of the skeletal system in metabolic syndrome and obesity can contribute to a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of osteopenic syndrome to develop its treatment and prevention.

OBESITY: CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC JUSTIFICATION OF PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
O. M. Korzh
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Tissue Sensitivity ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Weight Correction

Obesity is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Numerous studies in recent years have identified obesity as a key cause of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Comprehensive medical and non−medical treatment of metabolic disorders, obesity and correction of excess body weight are the urgent tasks for both the patient and doctor. When defining the obesity as a chronic psychosomatic disease caused by the interaction of numerous genetic and environmental factors there is emphasized the complexity of the problem, including psychological, medical, social, physical and economic aspects. The widespread prevalence of obesity, which determines its comorbid nature, dictates the need to clarify the principles and options for treatment and prevention. In the process of active study, the multicomponent pathogenesis of obesity with the important role of different parts of the brain determines the relevance of a combination of pharmacotherapy and lifestyle intervention. In pharmacotherapy, the weight correction is an important component and reduces the risk of cardiovascular complications, improves quality of life and prognosis. The basis of weight correction measures is a change in lifestyle, increased physical activity and alteration in diet in order to achieve a balance between energy consumption and expenditure. Weight loss is accompanied with an increased tissue sensitivity to insulin, improved lipid metabolism, elimination of latent inflammation, lowering blood pressure and, accordingly, plays a critical role in prevention of the associated diseases and reducing the risk of complications. The fight against obesity is not only an improvement in the patient general condition, but also a great economic benefit, as the doses of drugs are reduced or the need for hypolipidemic, antidiabetic and antihypertensive drugs disappears. Key words: obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiometabolic risk, microbiota, insulin resistance, treatment, prevention.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness and Serum Interleukin-17a Level in Patients with Isolated Metabolic Syndrome

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Demir ◽  
Nazmiye Harmankaya ◽  
İrem Kıraç Utku ◽  
Gönül Açıksarı ◽  
Turgut Uygun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and serum IL-17A level insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome patients. This study enrolled a total of 160 subjects, of whom 80 were consecutive patients who applied to our outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, and the other 80 were consecutive patients who were part of the control group with similar age and demographics in whom the metabolic syndrome was excluded. The metabolic syndrome diagnosis was made according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF)-2005 criteria. EATT was measured with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the subjects. IL-17A serum levels were determined using the ELISA method. Fasting blood glucose, HDL, triglyceride, and fasting insulin levels were significantly higher in the metabolic syndrome group compared to the control group. In addition, the metabolic syndrome group had significantly higher high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and Homeostatic Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) levels than the control group. Similarly, serum IL-17A levels were significantly elevated in the metabolic syndrome group compared to the control group statistically (p < 0.001). As well, EATT was higher in the metabolic syndrome than the control group. Conclusion: By virtue of their proinflammatory properties, EATT and IL-17 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Psoriasis and Obesity: A Review of the Current Literature

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy N Orloff ◽  
Joshua R Kaminetsky ◽  
Mina Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Obesity is currently considered a low-grade chronic inflammatory condition that has well-documented associations with heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome. In addition to these conditions, there is growing evidence that the inflammatory cytokines produced in obesity may play contributory roles in other inflammatory phenomena. Notably, numerous studies over the last several decades have shed light on the genetic, mechanistic, and epidemiologic links between obesity and psoriasis, with implications for the treatment of these patients. This article reviews the current literature regarding the relationship of obesity and psoriasis, with exploration of their common mechanistic etiology and the necessary considerations in the management, both pharmacological and otherwise, of this patient population.

scholarly journals Why Have the Benefits of DHA Not Been Borne Out in the Treatment and Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease? A Narrative Review Focused on DHA Metabolism and Adipose Tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11826
Author(s):  
Rory J. Heath ◽  
Thomas R. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brain Uptake ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid rich in seafood, is linked to Alzheimer’s Disease via strong epidemiological and pre-clinical evidence, yet fish oil or other DHA supplementation has not consistently shown benefit to the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease. Furthermore, autopsy studies of Alzheimer’s Disease brain show variable DHA status, demonstrating that the relationship between DHA and neurodegeneration is complex and not fully understood. Recently, it has been suggested that the forms of DHA in the diet and plasma have specific metabolic fates that may affect brain uptake; however, the effect of DHA form on brain uptake is less pronounced in studies of longer duration. One major confounder of studies relating dietary DHA and Alzheimer’s Disease may be that adipose tissue acts as a long-term depot of DHA for the brain, but this is poorly understood in the context of neurodegeneration. Future work is required to develop biomarkers of brain DHA and better understand DHA-based therapies in the setting of altered brain DHA uptake to help determine whether brain DHA should remain an important target in the prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease.

The relationship between adipose tissue and bone metabolism

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 874-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Gimble ◽  
Mark E. Nuttall
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of third-generation aromatase inhibitors on aromatase avtivity in visceral adipose tissue

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
D. V. Lytkin ◽  
A. L. Zagayko ◽  
T. O. Briukhanova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitors ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Serum Adiponectin ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
The Relationship

Pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome (and other conditions characterized by the growth of fat mass and decreased adiponectin content) is associated with an imbalance of sex hormones, which develops under the influence of increased aromatase activity in adipose tissue. Drugs of the aromatase inhibitors therapeutic group are able to suppress the course of the aromatase reaction in the central and peripheral organs and tissues. The aim of our study was to establish the relationship between levels of serum adiponectin and adipose tissue aromatase avtivity in Syrian hamsters of different ages and gender with experimental metabolic syndrome and study the effect of aromatase inhibitors on these indicators. Experimental metabolic syndrome in animals was induced by a high-fat and fructose diet. The drugs were administered during the 21-st day in doses of 3.086 (exemestane), 0.309 (letrozole) and 0.126 mg/kg (anastrozole). The aromatase activity of the visceral adipose tissue was determined by the modified kinetic method based on the amount of the reaction product estradiol converted from testosterone. The content of estradiol in adipose tissue homogenate and serum adiponectin levels were measured by the immune enzyme method. The results showed a high inverse correlation between serum adiponectin and adipose tissue aromatase activity in hamsters. Aromatase inhibitors caused a decrease in the adipose tissue aromatase activity and increase in serum adiponectin levels. Letrazol demonstrated the greatest effect, it reduced aromatase activity in adipose tissue by 72–84% and increased serum adiponectin content by 1.6–1.8 times. At the same time, intra-group correlation of the studied parameters was significant. The results show the relationship between adiponectin level and adipose tissue aromatase activity and ability to change these rates by the way of aromatase inhibitors, which may be useful in clinical practice. Third-generation aromatase inhibitors are promising drugs for metabolic syndrome treatment and require further study in clinical trials.

STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME: CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS. RELATIONSHIP WITH PROLIFERATIVE PROCESSES AND ENDOMETRIAL CANCER

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-497
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Kishkina ◽  
Larisa Kolomiets ◽  
Natalya Yunusova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

This literature review is devoted to the relationship of the structural features of the metabolic syndrome in proliferative processes and endometrial cancer (EC), and the identification of the relationship between the individual components of the metabolic syndrome and the development of endometrial cancer. The metabolic syndrome is currently a global medical and social problem, which is due to the wide spread of this symptom complex in the population. Today, the main concept of this syndrome is the concept of a cluster of components associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. It is known that an increase in the mass of adipose tissue above the norm by 20% or more leads to dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system. At the same time, the risk of RE on the background of metabolic syndrome increases by 2-3 times. This probability also largely depends on the severity of proliferation in the endometrium, which is caused by the presence of dyshormonal and metabolic disorders. In addition, this is due to the aggravation of insulin resistance, an increase in the production of androgens by the ovaries, the formation of stable anovulation and, as a result, the progression of pathological changes in the endometrium. With the onset of peri - and postmenopausal endometrial hyperplasia in about 50% of cases progressing to malignant pathology. The role of the system of insulin-like growth factors, adipokines secreted from visceral adipocytes of free fatty acids, local estrogen formation and hyperandrogenization is also recognized in creating a predisposition to the EC formation. According to the results of the study of the functioning of the autocrine-paracrine system of adipose tissue, the risk of endometrial proliferative processes is higher at low levels of adiponectin and high levels of insulin. All this indicates the feasibility of monitoring the status of adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Complement C1q as a Potential Biomarker for Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelian Yang ◽  
Yanan Ma ◽  
Zhongyi Zhao ◽  
Shihan Zhen ◽  
Deliang Wen
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Complement C1q ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundComplement C1q (C1q) has been confirmed to be related to obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and its components. However, human data regarding the associations are relatively scarce. This study aimed to investigate associations of C1q with obesity as well as MetS in Chinese adolescents.MethodsA total of 1,191 Chinese adolescents aged 13–18 years were enrolled in this study. The biochemical and anthropometric variables of all the subjects were evaluated using standardized procedures. C1q was measured using the immunoturbidometric assay. The relationship between C1q and obesity or MetS was analyzed using multiple regression analyses.ResultsObesity was more prevalent among participants in the highest tertile than in the lowest tertile of C1q levels. The highest tertile of C1q was related to a greater effect on the risk of MetS, and its trend test was statistically significant. Except for hyperglycemia, the prevalence of other components of MetS significantly increased relative to an increase in C1q tertile. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of C1q for predicting adolescents with MetS illustrated that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76, 0.88; P&lt;0.001] in the total population after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsThis study observed a significantly higher prevalence of obesity and MetS features in adolescents with high C1q. The findings of the current study also reported a significant relationship between C1q levels and MetS components [except for fasting plasma glucose (FPG)] in Chinese adolescents. C1q may represent a biomarker for predicting obesity or MetS in adolescents.

scholarly journals Association between the FTO SNP rs9939609 and Metabolic Syndrome in Chilean Children

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2014
Author(s):  
Rafael Molina-Luque ◽  
Natalia Ulloa ◽  
Manuel Romero-Saldaña ◽  
Martin Zilic ◽  
Andrea Gleisner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Genetic Load ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The increasing prevalence of obesity in children has raised the incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in this age group. Given the short- and long-term health impact of MetS, it is essential to prevent its onset by detecting its main triggers. Besides, genetic factors play an essential role in influencing which individuals within a population are most likely to develop obesity in response to a particular environment. In this regard, a common variation in the FTO gene is reproducibly associated with BMI and obesity from childhood and the genetic load has been linked to several cardiovascular risk factors, highlighting the FTO single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9939609. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the relationship between the FTO SNP rs9939609 and MetS. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 220 children from the Biobío region (Chile). MetS diagnosis was established through the modified Cook criteria, using prevalence ratios, COR curves, and linear regressions to determine its association with MetS and its components. Results: The prevalence of MetS was significantly increased among carriers of the risk allele (A): TT, 20.2%; TA, 25.4%; AA, 44.7% (p = 0.006). Also, the presence of A was associated with altered MetS-related variables. Conclusions: The FTO SNP rs9939609 was associated with a raised prevalence of MetS among A allele carriers, and was higher in the homozygous genotype (AA).

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