scholarly journals Yakiv Holovatskyi’s Creative Contacts with Figures of Slavonic Countries in the Context of Intercultural Relations in the First Half of the XIXth Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Myroslava Tsyhanyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Intercultural Relations ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
Xixth Century ◽  
Worldview Formation ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Scientific Worldview

The article examines in detail the personal and creative contacts of Yakiv Holovatskyi with scholars and cultural-and-public figures of the West Slavonic and South Slavonic nations from the inception of the Ruthenian Triad circle in the 1830s to the early 1850s. The analysis of the problem’s historiography has shown that, despite the territorial fragmentation of Ukrainian lands (the increased control by the Austrian Empire and strict restrictions by the Russian Empire), the Ukrainians of the first half of the XIXth century managed to consolidate their forces and create strong interrelations for the implementation of common Slavonic ideas and the establishment of each nation as a separate independent state unit. The study focuses on the participation of Yakiv Holovatskyi in the socio-cultural processes of the first half of the XIXth century, which led to the development of Ukrainian society in Halychyna and its European integration. A particular attention is paid to aspects of scientific worldview formation of Yakiv Holovatskyi as a folklorist. There is also mentioned the influence of Polish field researchers and ethnographers on his interest in the folklore and ethnographic sphere, which became a priority part of all scientific activity of the Halychyna figure under study and marked the release of the four-volume edition Folk Songs of Halychyna Ruthenia and Hungarian Ruthenia. The article’s authoress reveals Yakiv Holovatskyi’s contacts with figures from the Czech, Slovak, Serbian, Croatian, and Slovenian countries. Thus, the results of Holovatskyi’s cooperation with the Slavonic world are presented and the importance of intercultural relations for the further scientific and artistic development of Ukraine as a nation is emphasized. On the basis of archival materials, the article supplements the list of works carried out by Yakiv Holovatskyi through collaboration with West Slavonic and South Slavonic nations, who treated the scholar as an equal and valued his knowledge in the field of Slavonic studies, history, ethnography, and folklore of the Ukrainian Ciscarpathians. It is proved that throughout his creative career, Yakiv Holovatskyi was a priority link in cultural and scientific relations among the Eastern, Southern and Western Slavs.

Police Department and Slavophil Political Discourse

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 123-136
Author(s):  
Lyubov V. Ulyanova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article analyzes the political discourse of the officials of the main political surveillance structure, – the Police Department, – in the period of 1880s (organization of the Department) and until October, 1905, when the Western-type Constitution project finally prevailed. The comparative analysis of the conceptual instruments (“Constitutionalists”, “Oppositionists”, “Radicals”, “Liberals”) typically used in the Police Department allows one to come o the conclusion that the leaders of the Russian empire political police did not follow the “reactionary and protective” discourse, did not share its postulates, but preferred the moderate-liberal-conservative path of political development. Along with that, the Police Department also demonstrated loyal attitude to zemsky administration and zemsky figures, covert criticism of “bureaucratic mediastinum”, the tendency to come to an agreement with public figures through personal negotiations, intentional omittance of reactionary and protective repressive measures in preserving autocracy. All this allows to come to the conclusion that the officials of the Police Department shares Slavophil public and political doctrine.

“BULYGINSKAYA DUMA”. AGENCY WITHOUT POWER OR POWER OF AGENCY?

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Novoselskii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article considers the attitude of representatives of the top bureaucracy to the draft of the State Duma, developed by a Special Council chaired by the Minister of the Interior A.G. Bulygin in 1905. Particular attention is paid to the high officials assessments of the dignitaries of the place and role of the Duma in the system of state administration of the Russian Empire, the arguments that officials cited in favor of its convocation. It analyzes intellectual context of the emergence of the “bulyginskaya duma” (“Bulygin Duma”) project is analyzed, which largely determined the breadth of the actual, not declared powers of the people’s agency. The research is based on unpublished documents from the funds of state institutions, as well as materials from the personal funds of officials and public figures. The article shows that, despite the legislative nature of the Duma, it had to have significant powers. The electoral system, which was proposed and defended by the high officials, was originally modeled in such a way as to avoid the triumph of the estates principle. The monarch’s open opposition to the people’s agency was considered a politically short-sighted move, which indicated a limitation of his power. The results of the study allow considering the government policy in 1905 not as an untimely response to public demands, but as a conscious strategy for systemic political reforms.

scholarly journals «The Shriveled Orient Made All Talk About Itself…»: China and Japan in Columns of the Newspaper «Vostochnoye Obozreniye» in the Last Quarter of 21th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yelena Sevostyanova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
China And Japan ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Military ◽  
Japan And China

The article examines the main plotlines and images of Japan and China in the end of 21th century which were modelled and translated to the reading public by one of the most accredited Siberia’s newspaper «Vostochnoye Obozreniye»(«Oriental Review»). The choice of the newspaper for the analysis is determined by three factors: its oriental trend, growing print run and popularity, participation of famous scientists, travelers, public figures in creating the content. In the newspaper editorial board, for the Russian periphery at the Asian border «in the interests of this very periphery it never hampers to learn the neighboring countries,» thus «increasing the horizons», “to renounce the hackneyed prejudices and the fear to be faulted for Asian barbarism». Materials about China and Japan were present almost in each issue, which testifies the newspaper’s permanent interest in the oriental neighbors of the Russian empire. With general eurocentrism of relations to Japan and China, a dichotomy was kept in regard of several plotlines: he militant and reformative potentials, the role in international policy. Depending on historical circumstances, some or other features grew stronger, often being hypertrophied in mass consciousness or, vice versa, «being dissolved» in generalized images and stereotypes of the oriental (Asian) world. The dichotomy of the Orient’s two images — the progressive, dynamically Europeanizing Japan and the fossilized, obstinate in its conservatism China — became a stable stereotype for «Vostochnoye Obozreniye», too. The government of Japan and the government of China were also contradistinguished in their reformative potentials and methods of governance. In general, the newspaper assessed the military, political, civil experience of the Japanese authorities more complementary than the Chinese governors and officials. The newspaper did nor model and did not translate the image of the enemy but took into account the potential geopolitical danger of the eastern neighbors.

scholarly journals To the problem of the "German question" in the Russian Empire prehistory: an emotional analysis of the colonization situation of the first half of the XIXth century

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-35
Author(s):  
N. V. Venger
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Ethnic Conflicts ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Subsequent Period ◽  
German Question ◽  
Xixth Century ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Colonization Period ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Germans

The author presents an emotional analysis of the colonization situation of the first half of the XIXth century and shows the connection between interethnic contacts of the colonization period with the development of so-called “German question” in the Russian Empire. Special attention is paid to the processes of interaction between Slavic (the Ukrainean, Russian) and German-speaking (the Mennonites, the colonist) colonization groups. Under conditions of colonization, inter-ethnic autostereotypes were formed. These ideas about the “others” were kept and saved in the field of collective unconscious and social memory, but under conditions of a conformist (strictly regulated) society, the autostereotypes were neutral and and did not show aggression. . The mobilization of the Russian nation was carried out according to the antagonistic scenario, which caused the formation of the “German question” as one of the theoretical nationalist concepts in the Empire. The ideologists of nationalism used autostereotypes to form anti-German sentiments. The resentment of masses was formed on the basis of negative experience of contacts. The resentment is a a sense of hostility, when the logic recedes, and the chaos of emotions prevails. It was used by supporters of nationalism to rally society around the titular ethnic group, to form emotional communities and to solve problems of eliminating competition with the most stable and successful ethnic groups, including Russian Germans. In the subsequent period, resentment was a psychological motivator of the lower classes group aggressive behavior in the inter-ethnic conflicts.

scholarly journals Swedish baron G.M. Sprengtporten in Russian service, 1786-1809

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-492
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Shaidurov ◽  
Valentina A. Veremenko
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Short Time ◽  
First Time ◽  
Swedish Citizen

General of the Infantry Count G.M. Sprengtporten (1740-1819) is one of the less known historical figures of the last quarter of the 18th and of the early 19th century. As a Swedish citizen, he hatched plans to turn Finland into an independent state. In the mid-1780s he saw in Catherine II a potential ally who could implement his ideas. After accepting the invitation to enter Russian service, Sprengtporten did not blend either in the Highest Court or in the Russian army. Not having shown any significant military feats during the wars of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, he distinguished himself in the diplomatic and lawmaking field. An important event was his mission to Europe (1800-1801), which resulted in the return of more than six thousand Russian prisoners to Russia. The draft Regulations on the Establishment of the Main Administration in New Finland, developed by Sprengtporten with some changes made by Emperor Aleksander I, became the cornerstone of Finnish autonomy within the Russian Empire over the next century. Occupying for a short time the post of Governor General, he became a link between Finland and Russia. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the comprehensive presentation of the Russian service of G.M. Sprengtporten. The article is written on the basis of published sources and unpublished documents from some central archives, which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

scholarly journals Hryhorii Kontsevych’s Music-foikloristic activity

Ethnomusic ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-114
Author(s):  
Nadiya Suprun-Yaremko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Russian Empire

Musical and folkloristic activities of the Kuban activist Hryhorii Kontsevych, Ukrainian in origin, lasted for half a century under conditions of the Russian Empire, and from 1920 – Soviet totalitarian socio-political reality, of which he became the in- nocent victim in 1937, accused of being involved in the preparation of terrorist attack against Stalin. Kontsevych’ name o and his versatile activity as a chanter, folklorist, composer, teacher and organizer of music affairs in the Krasnodar Territory of the Russian Federation have been hushed up for 52 years (until 1989). In her paper, the author, as a native of the Krasnodar Territory and researcher of folk culture of the Ukrainians from Kuban, set out an objective to draw up a creative portrait of H. Kont- sevych and review his folklore collections and papers that were reprinted or found in the libraries and archives of Krasnodar with the support of the leader of Kuban Cossack Choir, folklorist, Honoured Artist of Russia, Ukraine and Adygea Viktor Zakharchenko. The paper draws up Kontsevych’s creative portrait, examines (based on republication of 2001) the entire corpus of arranged and published in 1904–1913 276 song and analyses the collection “Musical folklore of Adygei in the records by H. M. Kontsevych”, written shortly before his death, but first published in 1997. The research essay “Chumaks in folk songs” introduced to the scientific circulation. The research essay “Chumaks in folk songs” introduced to the scientific circulation. The conclusion is drawn up that it was exactly Hryhorii Komtsevych, who made the great- est contribution to the formation of Kuban musical folklore.

scholarly journals Pomiędzy relacyjnością a ambiwalentnością. Rozwój idei własności i wolności w warunkach politycznych samodzierżawia rosyjskiego w XIX wieku jako lejtmotyw w twórczości naukowej Richarda Pipesa

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-169
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Tarkowski
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article illustrates that property rights, including in particular property and the relationship between property rights and the category of freedom in the nineteenth-century Russian Empire, was one of the most important areas of scientific activity of Richard Pipes. For centuries, both the institution of freedom and property were highly politicised. Based on Richard Pipes’ findings, it can be concluded that the relationship between ownership and freedom manifested itself in the feature of relativity or ambivalence, depending on the time and individual parts of the Russian Empire. In the 19th century, the former mainly influenced the development of the monetary economy, while the latter strengthened the idea of samoderzhavyie in the political system. Richard Pipes noticed the sources of the antinomy between the idea of freedom and property in nineteenth-century Russia in the dynamically developing economic life and the “stillness” of the autocratic political power system. Following this concept, the article presents the doubts appearing among the St Petersburg ruling elite as well as provincial officials related to establishing the personal freedom of peasants in Russia, which finally took place in 1861. The system of tsarist autocracy in Russia, which was developing throughout history, noticed significant links between property and freedom. A good example of this process was the confiscation of land property. In this regard, the article mentions political premises, the impact of the phenomenon of “paradox and tragedy,ˮ as well as the socio-economic calculations carried out in the field of confiscating private property in the western governorates of the Russian Empire, after the January Uprising of 1863.

scholarly journals Polityka Francji i Niemiec wobec niepodległej Ukrainy. Wokół stabilizacji i bezpieczeństwa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Mitrofanova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Pressure ◽  
The West ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Security Treaty ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Chernobyl Zone

This essay provides the shaping of the leading EU countries’ policy towards independent Ukraine. It examines that it was influenced by several factors: including the history of relations between each country with the Russian Empire and the USSR, and the lack of experience in cooperation with Ukraine as an independent state, and geopolitical interests of each state. The German political circles and the media as well as the French ones have been expressed their concern over the possible proliferation of nuclear weapons by Ukraine, which in turn has led to political and economic pressure on Ukraine’s stance on its nuclear status. The essay proves that the issue of nuclear technologies was not limited to the discussion of the former existence of a nuclear arsenal in Ukraine. France and Germany take an active part in the activities in the Chernobyl zone. Leading EU countries in the 1990s hoped there will be democratic changes in Russia, transparency and the development of civil society. Ukraine’s multi-vector policy was incomprehensible to Western countries, as was the security vacuum felt by Ukraine, which was gradually trapped in the geopolitical grip of two defense blocs: NATO in the West and Collective Security Treaty Organisation (Tashkent Pact) in the East. Since 2014, France and Germany have been mediators in the resolution of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in Donbas in the framework of Normandy format, but so far there is no progress in resolving this low-intensity conflict.

scholarly journals THE REPUBLIC NORTH MACEDONIA IN THE RESEARCH OF UKRAINIAN HISTORIANS

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
V. Yarovyi ◽  
I. Malatsai
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Population History ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Active Attention ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Empire

The emergence of a sovereign state of the Republic of Macedonia in the early 90's of the twentieth century. revived interest in issues related to the population, history, culture and name of the state itself. The article analyzes the works of Ukrainian researchers devoted to the problems of the history of the modern republic of Northern Macedonia. The main scientific achievements of domestic historians who study problems that are of great scientific interest not only in Ukraine are analyzed. It is emphasized that only at the end of the twentieth century. In Ukraine, researchers began to pay active attention to the study of the historical past of Macedonia. Today we can identify the most researched issues of Macedonian history in domestic historiography. The first scientific works were devoted to the study of cultural relations between the Russian Empire and the population of the Macedonian lands in the second half of the nineteenth century. XX century, the study of the attitude of Western Europe and Russia to the situation of the Slavic population in the Macedonian lands at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. In the works of Ukrainian researchers, much attention is paid to the study of problems that are important for Ukraine – the process of formation of the national liberation movement. The preconditions for the emergence of Macedonian revolutionary organizations in the early twentieth century are studied. Ukrainian researchers are very interested in issues related to the proclamation and formation of an independent state, socioeconomic life and the development of interethnic relations in Macedonia in the second half of the twentieth century. Actively is investigate the causes, course and consequences of ethnic and political conflict in the early XXI century. At the beginning of the XXI century. a new stage in the development of the study of Macedonia in Ukraine began. As a result of cooperation between scientists of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Macedonia, scientific collections were published. The similar historical destiny of the Macedonian and Ukrainian peoples is important in the study of Macedonian issues in the historical science of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Scientific activity of professor Andriy Krasnov and its role in the development of modern geography

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Geographical Society ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Modern Geography ◽  
Sharp Criticism ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose. Life, scientific and pedagogical way of А. М. Krasnov at the time of the formation of geography was unique, versatile, often contradictory, but clearly creative and innovative approach to everything that was within his interests. Despite some hasty results that harmed his general authority, the figure of A. M. Krasnov – the professor of Imperial Kharkiv University, the founder of Batumi Botanical Garden – is still of interest. Attention has veen paid to the period of his initial formation as a scientist, communication with V. I. Vernadsky, comparison of A. M. Krasnov’s works with works of other researchers, the implementation of the idea of plant introduction. Method. Authentic scientific works of A. M. Krasnov and his contemporaries have been used in the work. Through the use of historical and historiographical sources and comparative analysis there have been revealed those inconsistencies in his works which caused sharp criticism of reviewers. Results. Studies of the work of the first domestic doctor of geographical sciences Andriy Mykolayovych Krasnov have showed his passion for expeditionary research, charisma, thirst for knowledge, love of nature, rich innovative heritage. Attention has been paid to the initial stage of his life, when the interest in scientific, in particular, expeditionary research, which did not leave him during his life, emerged. Based on the study of the relationship between A. M. Krasnov and V. I. Vernadsky, a conclusion about his extraordinary character, ingrained sense of independence, but also passion, excessive emotionality, haste of conclusions has been made. The authors have given the generalized description of the state of the study of geography, which was considered an auxiliary science in the universities of the Russian Empire in the late XIX century, because for A. M. Krasnov it became a source of innovation. The article reveals the extraordinary scientific courage of A. M. Krasnov, who in his doctoral thesis considered the views of famous scientists on the causes of steppe plains. The analysis of А. М. Krasnov’s publications and other sources has proved that he became the creator of constructive geography, combined theoretical classes with practical ones in nature, initiated student scientific expeditions, founded a student geographical society and a geographical office. Possessing artistic and literary talent, he became one of the best promoters of exotic regions, visiting dozens of countries around the world. The authors have also traced the reasons why his scientific works were treated with skepticism and distrust. Scientific novelty and practical significance. Some details of the relationship between A. M. Krasnov and V. I. Vernadsky have been clarified. The reasons that led to the ignoring of the scientific achievement of A. M. Krasnov by contemporaries have been revealed. It is expedient to use these materials while writing the full scientific and pedagogical biography of professor A. M. Krasnov.

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