Developmental Effects of Seizures: Role of Malnutrition

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Claude G. Wasterlain
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Weight One ◽  
And Control ◽  
Electroconvulsive Seizures

Eighty-eight rats were paired at birth according to sex and weight. One member of each pair received two electroconvulsive seizures a day during the neonatal period (days 2 to 11). Access of its control littermate to the mother was restricted so that the body weights of any two paired rats never diverged by more than 2 gm on any day of life, and were usually within one half gram of each other. This guaranteed that the nutritional status of seizuretreated and control animals was similar throughout development. On day 30 of life, seizure-treated rats had smaller brains (-56 mg, P < .05) and reduced numbers of brain cells (-13.106, P < .05) compared to their control littermates. It was concluded that the reduction of brain DNA brought about by neonatal seizures was not simply caused by malnutrition of seizure-treated animals.

Role of Rasayana in Prevention of COVID-19 - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 716-722
Author(s):  
Sneha Dhakite ◽  
Sadhana Misar Wajpeyi
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
And Control

The “Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19)” is caused by “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)”, a newly discovered member of the Coronaviridae family of viruses which is a highly communicable. There is no effective medical treatment till date for Coronavirus disease hence prevention is the best way to keep disease away. Rasayana proved to be highly efficacious and cost effective for the Prevention and Control of viral infections when vaccines and standard therapies are lacking. Rasayana Chikitsa is one of the eight branches of Ashtanga Ayurveda which helps to maintain healthy life style. Rasayana improves immunity and performs many vital functions of human body. Vyadhikshamatva that is immune mechanism of the body is involved in Prevention of the occurrence of a new disease and it also decreases the virulence and progression of an existing disease. In COVID-19 the Respiratory system mainly get affected which is evident from its symptoms like cold, cough and breathlessness. Here the drugs help in enhancing immune system and strengthening functions of Respiratory system can be useful. For this purpose, the Rasayana like Chyavanprasha, Agastya Haritaki, Pippali Rasayana, Guduchi, Yashtimadhu, Haridra, Ashwagandha, Tulsi are used. Rasayana working on Respiratory system are best for Prevention of Coronavirus and boosting immune system. Rasayana Chikitsa can be effective in the Prevention as well as reducing symptoms of COVID-19.

PRE-MATERNAL ISOLATION EFFECTS ON BEHAVIOUR AND ENDOCRINE FUNCTION OF OFFSPRING

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Sackler ◽  
A. S. Weltman ◽  
R. Schwartz ◽  
P. Steinglass
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Developmental Growth ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT This report was designed to determine combined effects of maternal endocrine imbalances and abnormal behaviour due to prolonged isolation stress of female mice on the behaviour, developmental growth rate and endocrine function of their offspring. Sixty female albino mice averaging 19 g were divided equally into isolated and control groups. The isolated females were housed singly; control females were maintained in groups of 2 mice per cage. After observation of behavioural and physiological effects characteristic of isolation stress in the test mice, all isolated and control mice were mated after a 6½ month experimental, isolation period. No differences were observed in fertility and fecundity of the two groups of mothers. Analyses of developmental growth rates of the litters of the isolated versus control mothers showed significantly lower body weights in the test offspring at 3 and 4 weeks of age. The body weights of the female offspring remained significantly lower from the 4th to 11th weeks. The effects on the body weights of the male offspring declined and were no longer statistically significant at the 5th to 11 weeks. Locomotor activity at 4½ and 8 weeks of age was markedly or significantly higher in the male and female mice from isolated mothers. Tail-blood samples taken prior to autopsy at 5 and 11 weeks of age revealed significant decreases in the total leukocyte and eosinophil counts of both sexes. At the two ages, the absolute and relative spleen and thymus weights of the male and female offspring were markedly and/or significantly lower than the values observed in counterpart young from control females. Significant decreases were also observed in the absolute gonadal organ weights of both sexes at 11 weeks of age. The various data indicated inhibited growth rates, heightened locomotor activity and evasiveness, as well as evidence of increased adrenocortical function in the offspring from test mothers. The gonadal weight decreases suggested retarded gonadal development. Further studies using split-litter techniques are required to differentiate the effects of prenatal endocrine imbalances versus postnatal maternal influence (i. e., nursing care) on the offspring.

Body and law in late Anglo-Saxon England

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 209-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine O'Brien O'Keeffe
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Manuscript Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Point Of Departure

This article explores some textual dimensions of what I argue is a crucial moment in the history of the Anglo-Saxon subject. For purposes of temporal triangulation, I would locate this moment between roughly 970 and 1035, though these dates function merely as crude, if potent, signposts: the years 970×973 mark the adoption of the Regularis concordia, the ecclesiastical agreement on the practice of a reformed (and markedly continental) monasticism, and 1035 marks the death of Cnut, the Danish king of England, whose laws encode a change in the understanding of the individual before the law. These dates bracket a rich and chaotic time in England: the apex of the project of reform, a flourishing monastic culture, efflorescence of both Latin and vernacular literatures, remarkable manuscript production, but also the renewal of the Viking wars that seemed at times to be signs of the apocalypse and that ultimately would put a Dane on the throne of England. These dates point to two powerful and continuing sets of interests in late Anglo-Saxon England, ecclesiastical and secular, monastic and royal, whose relationships were never simple. This exploration of the subject in Anglo-Saxon England as it is illuminated by the law draws on texts associated with each of these interests and argues their interconnection. Its point of departure will be the body – the way it is configured, regarded, regulated and read in late Anglo-Saxon England. It focuses in particular on the use to which the body is put in juridical discourse: both the increasing role of the body in schemes of inquiry and of punishment and the ways in which the body comes to be used to know and control the subject.

scholarly journals ROLE OF BILWADI AGADA IN PREVENTION OF COVID - 19

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 3939-3944
Author(s):  
Varun Rajpuria ◽  
Anitta James
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
And Control

Agada Tantra is a specialized branch of Ayurveda which mainly deals with Visha (Poison) and its management mainly through special formulations called Agada Yogas which counteract the deleterious actions of poison over the body. There are numerous such formulations which are unique because of their potent ingredients and fast action. Bilwadi Agada is one among such Yogas. In December 2019, a series of acute atypical respiratory disease occurred in Wuhan and then rapidly spread to other areas. It was soon discovered that a novel Corona Virus was responsible, and this was named as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (2019) due to its high homology to SARS-CoV-2 which caused Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and high mortality during 2002–2003 in China. According to Ayurveda, this novel Corona is a Jangama Visha as it is of zoonotic origin. It affects the upper respiratory tract so is the movement of Jangama Visha which moves upward and affects those areas. It is also mentioned in Ayurvedic treatise that the Jangaman Visha should be treated with Sthavara dravyas. Bilwadi gutika is an Ayurvedic medicine prepared from thirteen medicinal plants triturated in goat’s urine. When we compare the primary symptoms of COVID-19 and the indications of Bilwadi gutika, we can see so many similarities. The main objective of this article is to discuss the therapeutic and pharmacological properties of Bilwadi Agada and thereby understanding its role in prevention and control of COVID-19 pandemic.

Body mass and attractivity of female offspring are negatively affected by food restriction of meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) dams during lactation

Behaviour ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 1847-1868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona M. Sabau ◽  
Lyndsey Pierson ◽  
Michael H. Ferkin
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Microtus Pennsylvanicus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Meadow Vole ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
And Control

The environment experienced by pups during lactation (nutrition and maternal behaviour) can contribute not only to sexual development, but also to individual differences in offspring sexual behaviour. We tested the hypothesis that female offspring of meadow vole dams (Microtus pennsylvanicus) that were 30% food restricted (FR) during days 1–7 of lactation (FR 1–7), days 8–14 of lactation (FR 8–14), or days 15–21 of lactation (FR 15–21) show negative effects on their food intake, growth, and the three components of sexual behaviour (attractivity, proceptivity and receptivity) as compared with female offspring of control dams. With the exception of age 29 days or age 34 days, the body weights of female offspring of FR 1–7 dams and FR 8–14 dams between days 21 and 48 were lower than the body weights of female offspring of FR 15–21 dams and those of control dams. Female offspring of FR 1–7 dams maintained a lower body weight than the other female offspring throughout the study. Female offspring of FR 8–14 and FR 15–21 dams produced odours that were less attractive to males than odours produced by those of FR 1–7 and control dams. Female offspring of FR dams and control dams did not differ in their measures of proceptivity and receptivity. However, the total amount of time allocated for copulation by males was shorter for those males that were paired with female offspring of FR 1–7 dams than it was for those that were paired with the female offspring of FR 8–14, FR15–21, and control dams. The results of this study, coupled with those found in a study conducted on the male offspring of FR dams, indicate that for female offspring days 1–7 and for male offspring days 8–14 of lactation are the time periods during which food restriction of dams had the greatest impact on deficits in sexual behaviour and body mass in meadow voles.

scholarly journals “The body overseas, but the heart remains in China”? – China’s diaspora politics and its implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Transnational Migration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
International Image ◽  
And Control ◽  
Economic Modernization ◽  
Diaspora Politics ◽  
Migration Regimes

Migration studies mostly focus on processes of immigration. While integration, acculturation or incorporation are important fields of study, the role of the sending state is by and large neglected when it comes to analyzing these processes. Yet, large sending states such as China increasingly aim to reach out to and control “their” diaspora, thus demonstrating their ability to utilize the global economic system and transnational migration regimes for their own means. By incorporating Chinese living beyond the borders of the People’s Republic (PRC), Beijing seeks to strengthen China’s international image and to foster economic modernization.

Experienced Anxiety and Death Impulse in Diabetic Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Ndje Mireille
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Patient ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Death Drive ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

The drive and the experience of the diabetic adolescent have been extensively discussed, but not enough the one of the death drive in teenagers suffering from diabetes. Some researchers have addressed this issue raising the expression of suffering and the role of caregivers in caring for the person with diabetes. The refusal to be treated is due to the fact that diabetes unlike other chronic diseases requires daily injections, adherence to a diet and control of blood sugar every day. We are interested in the teenager who is invaded by the death drive due to the imprint of diabetes on his adolescence thereby weakening his psyche. The main goal is to understand the experiences of non-compliant adolescents living with diabetes. To achieve this, we used the clinical method and the clinical interviews have been done at the Central Hospital of Yaoundé from three participants. These interviews have been treated through a content analysis and the findings show that diabetes sound on the psyche of the teenager. So, this disease cause suffering, pain related to daily injections that grow some adolescents with non-therapeutic compliance and even refusal to seek treatment. Thus, this disease destroys the body of the adolescent, limits his pleasures, disintegrates his body, makes him suffer. Indeed, it damages the body of the adolescent, destroys it for the sole purpose of annihilating it. All these difficulties related to the disease in adolescence weaken his psyche and develop in him the death drive. This allowed us to the deadly trends in the adolescent who suffers because of his posture of chronic patient as well as all the restrictions imposed by the disease to adolescence weakening his psyche that could lead to an uncertain death.

The Place of the Body in Resistance to Intimate Partner Violence

2019 ◽  
pp. 468-489
Author(s):  
Valli Rajah ◽  
Meg Osborn
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current State ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
Embodied Resistance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence Research

Scholarship presents a complex picture of women’s resistance to male violence and control. Despite its attention to nuance, intimate partner violence research should further investigate the role of the body and embodiment, that is, how our bodies shape the ways in which individuals perceive and act in the world. To gain purchase on existing research and to chart directions for future investigation, the authors conducted a scoping review and textual analysis. The work in this chapter is guided by three questions: (1) What is the current state of knowledge regarding resistance, the body, and embodiment in the context of intimate partner violence? (2) How does this literature discuss and conceptualize embodiment in the context of resistance? (3) What can we learn through a deeper analysis of embodied resistance in the context of intimate partner violence? Implications of the authors’ findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin E in Prevention of Breast Cancer: An Epidemiological Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Md. Sajjadul Haque Ripon ◽  
Mohammad Asadul Habib ◽  
Miraz Hossain ◽  
Nadim Ahmed ◽  
Tanbir Kibria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Protein Kinase C Activity ◽  
Smooth Muscle Proliferation ◽  
And Control

Breast cancer rates are so high among women in more developed countries, rates are increasing in almost every region of the world. In 2018, it is reported that 627,000 women died from breast cancer. Vitamin E is a common supplement characterized by its antioxidant potential effects on many chronic conditions that prevent free radicals from harming DNA, protein and cell membranes may serve as a part of cancer growth by reducing oxidative DNA alteration. The major forms of vitamin E as an anticancer agent, which acts as major antioxidants to regulate peroxidation reactions and control free-radical production within the body, are tocopherols and tocotrienols. Since Vitamin E had first acted as a non-antioxidant, α-tocopherol has inhibited smooth muscle proliferation activity and protein kinase C activity. Although tocotrienols are mostly investigated as antioxidant effects of tocotrienol, which plays an important role in reducing the damage to DNA by decreasing the by-product of lipid peroxidation. This study aims to investigate the connection between vitamin E and also the risk of breast cancer and the outcome is that some inverse relationship between vitamin E and breast cancer exists. There has been clear evidence that vitamin E reduces the risk of human cancer but our main focus is on breast cancer, seen in many prospective and retrospective case-control, cohort and intervention studies.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA IN CHILDREN WITH ALLERGIC DISEASES AND VARIOUS BODY WEIGHT

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Mazurina ◽  
O. V. Maksimova ◽  
V. B. Gervazieva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
The Body ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Body Weights

The data of the bacteriological study of the intestinal microbiota in children with allergic diseases and various body weights are presented. A total of 106 children were examined, including 58 with allergic diseases (bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis). All children were divided into groups, depending on the weight of the body, taking into account the gender and age of the child. Allergic pathology and obesity were established to be interrelated in different ways with changes in the number of obligate and facultative microbiota of children. Allergic diseases in children are associated with a decreased number of Bacteroides spp. and the presence of S. aureus and Bacillus sp., regardless of body weight. Obesity, in turn, is characterized by a decrease in Bacteroides spp., especially in healthy children, and an increase in the number of Clostridium sp., regardless of the presence of allergies. The obtained data testify to the role of microorganisms in the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases, the key link of which is chronic systemic inflammation.

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