Unexpected Death of an Infant Sibling

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Mandell ◽  
Elizabeth H. McAnulty ◽  
Andrew Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Big Brother ◽  
Infant Sibling ◽  
The Family ◽  
Older Siblings

When infants die suddenly and unexpectedly, family structures are abruptly altered. This loss and its subsequent changes affect remaining older siblings. New "big brother" and "big sister" roles are suddenly terminated, often in a catastrophic manner. Young surviving children are sometimes unable to understand the meaning of this event, its impact on the family, and their own role in what has occurred. In this study, 26 families that had sustained the sudden and unexpected death of an infant and that had surviving children were interviewed to obtain data about surviving siblings at least 10 months following the loss. Among the 26 families, there were 35 surviving siblings (ages 16 months to 6 years). The interview schedule sought information relevant to changes in patterns of sleep, toilet training, feeding habits, peer relationships, and parent-child interaction. Among these 35 surviving siblings, parents of 28 siblings (80%) perceived changes in their child's interaction with them, 24 siblings (69%) demonstrated changes in sleep patterns following the baby's death, and 13 siblings (37%) showed changes in social interaction. Regression in toilet training and changes in feeding patterns were infrequent and not areas of major concern for parents. These behavioral changes reflected both a continuum of adjustment by the child and a persistence of parental worries.

Edukasi dan Peningkatan Kualitas Pengelolaan Obat di Rumah Tangga: Studi Kasus di Dusun Sidasari Wetan Desa Kubangkangkung Kawunganten Cilacap (Education and Quality Improvement of Drug Management in Family: A Case Study at Dusun Sidasari Wetan, Kubang

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Hendri Wasito ◽  
Hening Pratiwi ◽  
Adi Wibowo ◽  
Nia Kurnia Solihat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Home Visit ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Drug Management ◽  
Educational Effort ◽  
The Family ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Drugs are an important component of health services that are the needs of the community. There is still a lack ofcommunity knowledge of medicines and management especially for family members, hence an educational effort as well asimprovement of quality of drug management in family through training program and mentoring by pharmacist. Thiscommunity service activity aims to determine the knowledge and attitude of the community in managing drugs in the familyand improve the quality of drug management by the community in the family. The activity was conducted in SidasariWetanKubangkangkung Village Kawunganten Cilacap. The workshop on drug management in family was conducted by pharmaciststo the 33 participants. Data collection was done by using questionnaire and observation through home visit. The result of theactivity shows that the increase of knowledge and attitude of the society in managing drugs in the familywere 10% and 7%,respectively. Workshop activities and mentoring by pharmacists can provide benefits and behavioral changes in family drugsmanagement.

Feeding Habits of Alepocephalus Rostratus (Pisces: Alepocephalidae) in the Western Mediterranean Sea

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1295-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Carrassón ◽  
J. Matallanas
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Prey Item ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Western Mediterranean Sea ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Scarcity Of Resources ◽  
Important Fish

The present study examines the feeding habits of Alepocephalus rostratus, the only species of the family Alepocephalidae in the Mediterranean Sea and the second most important fish species, in terms of biomass, inhabiting the deep slope of the Catalan Sea. Samples were obtained at depths between 1000–2250 m. Diet was analysed for two different size-classes (immature and mature specimens) at three different bathymetric strata during two different seasons. The feeding habits of A. rostratus included a narrow range of mobile macroplanktonic organisms (e.g. Pyrosoma atlanticum and Chelophyes appendiculata) and some material of benthic origin. Pyrosoma atlanticum was the preferred prey item in spring at 1000–1425 m, being very scarce in summer at the same depth as a consequence of its scarcity in the environment during this season. There were some ontogenic differences in the diet of A. rostratus at 1425–2250 m. Adults ingested more and larger prey than juvenile specimens. The scarcity of resources below 1200–1400 m fostered a more diversified diet, as well as passive predation of sedimented material.

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Ann E. Dickerson ◽  
E. Perry Crump ◽  
Carrell P. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The Family ◽  
Recent Edition ◽  
Mother's Educational Level ◽  
Social Area

Within the framework of a project designed to study the growth and development of Negro children, a longitudinal study was conducted for the purpose of analyzing the child-training practices of a group of mothers whose children were subjects of the project, and comparing these findings with those from related investigations. The study was focused upon the child-training practices of 144 mothers in the areas of toileting, feeding, and dressing when their children were between 15 and 30 months of age. The data for this study were obtained when the psychologist interviewed the mothers during the administration of the Gesell Developmental Schedules. Assessment of progress in the areas of toileting, feeding and dressing is included in the personal-social area of the Gesell Schedules. It is apparent from the results of this study that mothers encouraged self-help and independence in the areas of dressing and feeding, with the exception of the use of a bottle. However, in the category of toileting this was not true, inasmuch as emphasis upon self-management in daily toilet habits seemed to be at a minimum. These findings indicate that the mothers were permissive with regard to toilet-training and weaning. These practices and their patterns of breast-feeding agree with those practices advocated by the most recent edition of Infant Care. The mother's educational level, the sex of the child, or the number of children in the family were not found to be significantly related to the child-training practices used by the mothers in this study. The data in this study are in agreement with White's finding that there is "a need for revising our ideas about social class differences in child-rearing practices." It is, of course, recognized that the lack of significant differences or relationships in this study does not prove that no such differences or relationships exist. It does, however, indicate that none can be recognized for this population from the available data. Differences in attitude as well as practice, on the part of the mothers, may well be prevalent; but they apparently are not reflected in the development of the children in the areas of toiletry, feeding and dressing as measured by the Gesell Schedules.

scholarly journals Lingkungan Keluarga, Lingkungan Sosial dan Pergaulan Teman Sebaya terhadap Hasil Belajar

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Trianah ◽  
Pieter Sahertian
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
The Family ◽  
Research Types

Abstract Learning outcomes are changes in behavior obtained by students after experiencing learning activities. Learning outcomes include three domains, namely cognitive, affective and psychomotor. High and low learning outcomes achieved by students are influenced by factors of the family environment, social environment, and the association of students with peers. This study aims to analyze the influence partially (individually) or simultaneously (together) between the family environment, social environment and peer relationships simultaneously on learning outcomes. The method used is quantitative with explanatory research types and research samples of 69 students or 31% of the population taken using proportional random sampling techniques. The results showed that the family environment Social environment and peer relationships affect learning outcomes

scholarly journals A comparative study of the brains in pleuronectidae

1937 ◽  
Vol 122 (828) ◽  
pp. 308-343 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Part I. The Medulla Oblongata, And Its Variations Acoording To Diet And Feeding Habits In previous communications to this Society the relationship of the habits of feeding and diet to the form and pattern of the medulla oblongata has been described in the cyprinoids, clupeids, and gadoids (Evans, 1931, 1932, 1935). This research takes up a similar study of the brain of the Pleuronectidae. The expense has been borne by a grant from the Royal Society for which the author tenders his grateful thanks. It has seemed to be desirable to extend the observations to the fore- and mid-brain, as in some members of the family these present a very marked development. In order to elucidate some of the problems that arise I have also studied the brain of the eel, and some interesting conclusions have resulted. We find, as a result of examination by the naked eye and of serial sections, that we can divide the following species into four groups as follows: I. The sole, Solea vulgaris .

National Goals for Supporting Families Across the Life Course

Inclusion ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Reynolds ◽  
George S. Gotto ◽  
Catherine Arnold ◽  
Thomas L. Boehm ◽  
Sandra Magaña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
The Family ◽  
Support Practices ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract As a core unit of our society, the family provides support for all its members. Due to the nature of their disabilities, people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often receive emotional, physical, and material support from their families across the life course. During the National Goals 2015 Conference, three goals were identified that will lead to a better understanding of families and maximize their capacity, strengths, and unique abilities to support, nurture, and facilitate opportunities for family members who have a disability. The three goals are to (1) develop a better understanding of the complex family structures in the United States and the best practices for supporting them; (2) extend our knowledge on how families are or might be supported by their natural communities, outside the purview of IDD systems; and (3) synthesize support practices, implementation strategies, and outcomes for supporting families. This article describes these three goals related to supporting families across the life course and provides a rationale, areas of research to address the goals, and implications for policy and practice for each goal.

Plato’s Cave and the Image of the Family Home in John McGahern’s The Barracks

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-105
Author(s):  
John Singleton
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Space ◽  
Literary Production ◽  
Bad Faith ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Home ◽  
The Impact

This article argues that, in The Barracks, John McGahern’s literary production of the domestic familial space charts the fractures and partitions within that supposed unified space to reveal the anaemic passivity and alienating nausea that overcomes individuals within a prescriptive and totalising hegemony. It will discuss McGahern’s decision to withdraw his first novel from publication, and the reformation of the unpublished text into The Barracks. It expressly considers McGahern’s shifting of the spatial setting from the recognisable trope of the country kitchen to a Garda barracks and the impact this has on Elizabeth’s position within the family home, and therefore society. This article argues that the novel’s form addresses the dislocation of non-hegemonic or alternative family structures. McGahern’s staging of the narrative in the unfit and fractured domestic space of the barracks subverts traditional conceptions of ‘home’. This undermines the supposed impenetrable primacy of the family unit and highlights the bad faith and comely delusion of mid-century Ireland.

La diagnosi e la gestione del prolasso rettale

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 453-457
Author(s):  
Silvia Ventresca ◽  
Micol Bacchini ◽  
Giulia Graziani ◽  
Federico Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Rectal Prolapse ◽  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Complete Resolution ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

Rectal prolapse is an overall rare occurrence in children in the first 4 years of age. It typically tends to relapse. In the majority of cases it is not possible to highlight a single cause that determines prolapse, even if it is more frequent in children who suffer from constipation. In about 1 in 10 cases there is an underlying predisposing anatomical-neurological condition (in particular neurological: myelomenigocele, spina bifida occulta). A predisposing cause that must always be considered and excluded is cystic fibrosis, even in the age of newborn screening. Rectal prolapse management is conservative in most cases. Behavioural measures (correct toilet training, good hydration, diet rich in fibres) and the use of the macrogol laxative are fundamental. The prolapse that does not resolve spontaneously must be reduced manually by instructing the family on the technique to be used. In 90% of cases the natural history of rectal prolapse is favourable, with complete resolution within the first 4 years of age. After this age, it occurs more rarely. Surgery is rarely indicated. The current techniques that have a large consensus are sclerotherapy and laparoscopic rectopexy. The paper reports the management of recurrent rectal prolapse in a 3-year-old boy.

Fractured families, fractured systems: overcoming the silo mentality in family justice work

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Amita Sehgal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Parental Conflict ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Adult Mental Health ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hostile Parenting ◽  
Professional Systems

This article comments on the detrimental effects of inter-parental conflict, hostile parenting, and acrimonious divorce proceedings in terms of child outcomes, adult mental health, and quantifiable costs to the taxpayer. It refers to the growing concern that fragmentation within the family justice system works against supporting families through change. It draws upon the research conducted over many years by Tavistock Relationships in understanding the connection between family structures and professional systems, and suggests inter-agency collaboration as one way of mitigating obstacles. It puts forward the idea of developing cross-discipline consultative groups as a way of integrating services within the family justice system, and presents an example where this model has been informally trialled with some success.

How long do Tydeidae live?

Zoosymposia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIANA JOHANN ◽  
GUILHERME LIBERATO DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

The family Tydeidae consists of small, free-living, soft-bodied mites with a diversity of feeding habits, including phytophages, pollen feeders and even predators, but the majority are scavengers or fungivores. Approximately 330 species in 30 genera have been described from throughout the world, but only a few species (<1% of all species) have been studied for their life history. This review provides a survey of their life history with a focus on their lifespan.

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