Morphological parameters leaves woody plants in an urban environment (on Gomel example)

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
E. G. Tyulkova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Zones ◽  
The City

At present much attention is paid to the investigation of the indicative features of organisms on the whole and vegetative objects in particular. However, it should be noted that sources of toxic elements distributed unevenly on the territories and having various character and intensity in the form of the enterprises and constructions create rather motley picture of environmental pollution both by structure of pollutants, and by their concentration. Therefore an important scientific problem is the examination not only of changes in conditions of technogenic influence in general, but the research of dependence of intensity of morphological plants parameters change on structure and concentration of chemical pollutants in the environment, and also the assessment of possible consequences of pollutants accumulation in vegetative objects. This was the aim of this work. To perform the work used landscape-geochemical analysis include, extending the definition of the emission factor load, characteristic technogene sources of pollution in the form of industrial plants, evaluation of storage medium (vegetation). Vegetation condition was assessed by determining morphological parameters - the length and width of the leaf blade. The article presents a comparative assessment of the anthropogenic impact level of the largest industrial enterprises on the air state in the city of Gomel. Enterprises of western and southern industrial zone have proved to make the greatest contribution to the urban air pollution. The value of the standard deviation was used to assess the degree of anthropogenic impact of industrial enterprises on morphological parameters of woody plants. This index increased in the western and southern industrial zones in the direction from the enterprises with the large volume of pollutant emissions to the enterprises with the small volume of emissions. This trend is caused by stabilizing selection action due to the environmental stress in the form of emissions of the industrial enterprises in these zones. It is also revealed that in western and southern industrial zones the formation of the leaf blade length and width depends more on the level of anthropogenic impact of the chemical plant, combined heat and power plant, JSC «Centrolit» and JSC «Gomeldrev» compared with other companies, that should be considered when further improvement of environmental activities. The results are generally characterized by scientific novelty of the research and can be used for the purpose of indexing the level of anthropogenic impact on urban areas and further improve the methods of monitoring the state of the urban environment. Next it is planned to evaluate the morphological parameters of the leaf blade of woody plants growing in the area of two large industrial enterprises of the Gomel region – JSC «Mozyr Oil Refinery» (Mozyr), JSC «Belarusian Metallurgical Plant» (Zhlobin) and in city parklands. Then the further testing of the heavy metals content will be carried out in the samples of woody plants, grasses and soil from the territory of the industrial enterprises and parklands of the city of Gomel, Mozyr, and Zhlobin. 

scholarly journals Modern Landscape-Technical Structure of Vinnytsia City Territory

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technical Structure ◽  
Anthropogenic Systems ◽  
Modern Landscape ◽  
The City

Purpose. To identify the peculiarities of the modern landscape-technical structure of the city of Vinnytsia in order to improve the urban environment. Methods: systematization of facts, finding of empirical relationships, analytical and cartographic analysis, cartographic, field researches. Results. Vinnytsia is represented by a residential landscape-technical polysystem. Two landscape-technical urban systems are distinguished within the territory of the city: the residential located on undulating loess heights with gullies and ravines covered by oak-hornbeam forests on gray and light gray soils in past; and the industrial-residential located on a flat-undulating loess plateau with gray forest soils and podzolized black soils covered by hornbeam-oak forests in the past. In the structure of these urban systems there are floodplain water-recreational, slope forestry, watershed-road and watershed-field landscape-anthropogenic mesosystems, watersheds of low-rise residential buildings, sloping of low-rise residential buildings, floodplain-terrace of low-rise residential buildings, floodplain-terrace of medium multi-storey residential buildings, floodplain-terrace of industrial-residential buildings, sloping industrial-warehouse buildings, watershed industrial-warehouse buildings landscape-technical mesosystems, watercourse-hydropower, floodplain-pond fishery and floodplain water-recreational landscape-engineering mesosystems. Conclusion. It was found that landscape-technical mesosystems are dominant in the structure of modern landscapes of Vinnytsia, the smallest areas are under landscape-engineering mesosystems. Landscape-technical mesosystems of low-rise residential buildings are dominant by areas. They predominate also in the structure of landscape-technical mesosystems of Vinnytsia. To improve the urban environment, it is necessary to increase the area with landscape-anthropogenic systems of greenery, especially around rivers, roads and industrial enterprises.

scholarly journals Ensuring the sustainable development of the city park-estate “Ostankino” in Moscow

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1115-1123
Author(s):  
Mihail A. Slepnev ◽  
Anna A. Ryazantseva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Practical Aspect ◽  
Natural Frame ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Introduction. Providing the natural frame of the city as a sustainable system of landscaping and water areas in the urban environment is one of the tasks aimed at preserving the natural frame of the urban environment. The article focuses on the influence of the recreational load on the natural-anthropogenic territorial complex (PATC) located in the North-Eastern administrative region of Moscow. To ensure sustainable development of natural areas, the ability of the components of the natural environment to self-heal under conditions of anthropogenic impact is of particular importance. Taking into account the increase in residential and industrial areas located in close proximity to natural zones, the anthropogenic impact on natural complexes is increasing. First of all, this affects the recreational areas of park zones, where the potential recreational load begins to exceed the stan­dardized and causes degradation of green spaces and disruption of the urban ecosystem. Recreational load affects the state of the natural complex of the city, and its value is determined by the planning structure of urban development. While ensuring the safety of city parks, it becomes necessary to work with complete and reliable information, which can only be obtained through research. The practical aspect of scientific research, considered in the article, includes the results of the analysis of the impact of anthropogenic load on the natural-anthropogenic territorial complex of the park - the estate “Ostankino”. Materials and methods. The paper uses various attributive information collected from open sources and based on the results of field work by the authors, legal documents, and various cartographic materials. The calculation of potential visitors was carried out by a simple calculation method, followed by the use of the Microsoft Office Excel software product to compile the time dependencies of the visit. Results. On the basis of the conducted research, the excess of the normative value of the recreational load of the territory of the Ostankino estate park in Moscow was revealed and graphs of the dependence of the visit on the time intervals were constructed. Conclusions. The increased rate of population inflow and environmental pollution leads to the transformation of the ecological framework of the city.

scholarly journals Development of industrial areas on the territory of Moscow and their reorganization at the turn of the 21 st century

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Sergey Elagin
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Shopping Centres ◽  
Spontaneous Process ◽  
Moscow City ◽  
Commercial Housing ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Industrial Zones ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates

The article outlines the main features of the development of industrial areas (zones) on the territory of Moscow and their reorganization in the period 1990-2009. Along with the reorganization of economy “from plan to market”, the process of changes in the industrial sphere began in Moscow City. It is noted that during that period privatization of many industrial enterprises was carried out. They were undergoing restructuring and liquidation. A spontaneous process of wide-scale building of commercial housing estates and shopping centres began in Moscow City on the former territories of production facilities. Pictures No. 1–11 show the examples of industrial zones reorganization in the city.

scholarly journals GENTRIFICATION WHEN DEVELOPMENT OF UNFAVORABLE URBAN AREAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
O. Mironenko ◽  
D. Kalashnik ◽  
S. Milavski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Industrial Zones ◽  
The City ◽  
Past Half

In the past half century, the concept of regeneration or gentrification is reinforced when the development of urban areas. Regeneration is the transforming of degraded urban areas. The main methods and techniques of solving the research problem are the analysis of modern urban areas subjected to gentrification. The deindustrialization, starting from the 1970-1980s, is typical for the cities of Western Europe and the United States of America. This phenomenon was initiated by economic globalization; the national industrial system based on competitiveness is degraded; a new model of economic development is oriented on the financial and credit industry and the service sector. The term «gentrification» can be translated as a "refinement", i.e. increasing the level of attractiveness of area for rent and accommodation. This is applicable for different objects: from individual buildings to the regions of city, those are unfavourable or degraded due to socio-economic and natural factors. In this article is devoted to the processes of transformation of urban industrial zones; the possibility of reformation of the territories of former industrial enterprises for the nowadays needs of the city. The detailed study of gentrification is accomplished for the High Line Park and conclusions on a benefit of this process are shown.

scholarly journals Architectural solutions at the reconstruction of industrial zones

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
V. K. Linov ◽  
◽  
S. A. Bolotin ◽  
L. N. Kondratieva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Areas ◽  
City Development ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Individual Approach ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
The World ◽  
Industrial Zones ◽  
The City

The article considers some actual problems regarding the reconstruction of historical industrial zones in Saint Petersburg in the context of the city development general tasks. The authors analyze the world experience of using various architectural solutions at the reconstruction of industrial enterprises, taking into account environmental aspects. There are specified two types of industrial buildings and an individual approach to the reconstruction is proposed for each of them. A special type of architectural solutions is defined to the reconstruction of buildings located in coastal areas.

scholarly journals URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN THE CITY OF CHERNIVTSI

2021 ◽  
pp. 205-216
Author(s):  
Anatolii Dovganiuk
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
City Development ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Integrated Concept ◽  
Industrial Zones ◽  
The City

The territorial development of the city is studied on the basis of town-planning documentation and full-scale researches of residential and former industrial territories, the factors which have formed the basis of the concept of the general plan of development of the city are resulted. Options for the transformation of territories occupied by industrial enterprises are considered. The integrated concept of city development is analyzed, in particular, conversion proposals of development and improvement and modernization of abandoned territories of non-functioning and partially functioning industrial enterprises, the concept of residential development is analysed. The city of Chernivtsi in its economic and geographical location is an industrial, administrative and cultural center of the region, with a large historical and architectural heritage. Due to the growing demand for living space and the diversification of forms of housing, the intensive development of the city is becoming more expressed. Aspects of land consolidation are not yet a priority, however, thanks to a quality planning policy, sustainable development of the city can still be achieved. Newly built areas are characterized by a high level of compaction. The study of the territorial development of the city can lead to a better balance in the use of land resources, options for the transformation of the territories of former industrial zones and enterprises that are partially functioning in these areas or abandoned and liquidated. The application of the principles of sustainable urban development according to the European model has been further developed, the integration of the housing function into industrial areas has been improved on the example of the town-planning proposal for the development of former industrial zones. The city is constantly expanding. There is a tendency to build large-scale buildings outside the old town and traditional suburbs, which are not typical for this area, especially multi-storey residential and retail facilities. Their inclusion in the general structure of the city by type (function) and size (form) in accordance with the context of urban development is not observed. At the same time, the territory of the city on the outskirts is constantly increasing, which leads to further use of natural spaces and maximizing the distance to public and commercial institutions, as well as workplaces, due to which the ammount of traffic increases. Territorial development of the city is a consequence of the general concept of the general plan of development of the city on the basis of the factors which have formed its basis. These include: The concept of economic development of the city, which is based on a market economy and private initiative, the priority development of the service sector, the development of the tourism and leisure industry. Population dynamics. Hence the output of the quantitative indicator of the required areas. Planning constraints, environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. Available territorial resources and efficient use of territories. The concept of three-dimensional composition, planning structure and functional zoning of the city. Rational system of resettlement in relation to places of employment. A number of territories, which have a very favorable position in relation to the places of employment, to transport connections due to one reason or another have not been developed - complex engineering training, lack of networks, the presence of other restrictions. All areas are partially occupied by individual manor buildings. The master plan envisages the development of these areas by 2032 without access to agricultural land. The article also discusses the options for the transformation of the territories occupied by industrial enterprises. These options can be as follows: Change in the functional purpose of the territory due to the removal or closure of industrial enterprises that adversely affect the environment. Technical re-equipment of the enterprise on new technologies (with preservation of a profile) for the purpose of reduction of harmful influence on environment. Replacement of the profile or functional use of real estate due to the bankruptcy of the enterprise. As a result of field surveys of residential and industrial areas of the city and research of urban planning documentation of the city of Chernivtsi and the Integrated Concept of Urban Development, the former industrial areas of the city were also analyzed. During the survey of all districts of the city, old industrial areas were identified, which today, due to significant use and a favorable location within the city, need to be improved and modernized. According to the Integrated Concept of City Development, conversion proposals for the development and improvement and modernization of abandoned areas of non-functioning and partially operating industrial enterprises were provided.

scholarly journals STATE OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION AND MORBIDITY OF THE POPULATION OF VLADIKAVKAZ CITY

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.Г. Бериев ◽  
В.Б. Заалишвили
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Atmospheric Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Reduction Of Emissions ◽  
The City ◽  
Environmental Activities

В статье исследовано состояние загрязнения атмосферы и заболеваемости населения на территории г. Владикавказа за пятилетний период. Установлена тенденция к снижению выбросов в окружающую сре- ду главным образом за счет уменьшения объемов производств и выполнения природоохранных меропри- ятий на промышленных предприятиях города. Вместе с тем, отмечается рост количества автотранспорта и его техногенная нагрузка на среду неуклонно увеличивается. State of air pollution and the incidence of population on the territory of Vladikavkaz city for the five-year period are investigated in the paper. The tendency of reduction of emissions into the environment (mainly due to the reduction of production volume and implementation of environmental activities at the industrial enterprises of the city) is stated. At the same time, number of vehicles and corresponding anthropogenic impact on the environment are steadily increasing

scholarly journals Organizational and technical factors of urban territories redevelopment

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 09013
Author(s):  
Dmitry Topchiy ◽  
Lapidus Azariy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Urban Territories ◽  
Capital Construction ◽  
The City

The dynamism of changes in the external environment of residential real estate objects with the simultaneous limitation of urban areas are the main prerequisite for creating new construction projects that have a high level of investment attractiveness. Such combined factors open up and increase the importance of using such a tool as redevelopment. Residential formations (complexes, districts, blocks, individual objects) are an obvious result of the artificial organization of the territory urban environment available for development. The quality of the organization of an artificial (residential) environment is determined primarily by the level of technical and moral condition of capital construction objects of residential purposes: houses, buildings, complexes, districts (micro-districts). The considered structural objects of the urban environment are exposed in the course of their functioning (operation) to certain natural and climatic, technical and technological, and social and cultural influences that lead to a certain loss of the original (established) quality of construction products. This loss of quality is expressed in the partial or complete loss of the ability of a construction object (complex of objects) to provide a comfortable and safe life for groups of the population or individuals living in the territory under consideration. Many industrial enterprises, especially old ones, are therefore unable to withstand competition and the economic component of their existence, and are not able to provide an appropriate environmental environment. In this regard, the most rational and mutually beneficial solution is considered to be the transfer of such enterprises outside the city borders, or to specially designated industrial areas, with the subsequent redevelopment of the liberated territory for the needs of the city itself, housing construction, or social and cultural or business facilities. City municipalities are also interested in this process in order to revitalize large areas that are often empty or under-used. The economic component of this process for the city, with proper redevelopment will be tax increases that will be transferred to the city from the well-functioning of the new building complex, providing the population of the city and its district the most popular services. It is particularly necessary to highlight industrial urban areas that have historical significance and contain objects of high architectural value on their territories, which give special expressiveness to the appearance of cities. In addition to social, economic, and environmental issues, the issue of redevelopment of all these territories also has a certain historical significance, including from the point of view of preserving not only the architectural features, but also the special microclimate of each particular urban district. The paper presents the results of a study of the problem of improving the efficiency of the organization of works on the redevelopment of urban territories in the conditions of existing development.

scholarly journals Organizational, legal and economic aspects of the development of industrial zones located within a city in accordance with the concept of sustainable territory development

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 525-537
Author(s):  
Oksana A. Kurakova ◽  
Maxim V. Mayorov ◽  
Mikhail V. Mayorov
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Industrial Zones ◽  
The Given ◽  
The City

Introduction. The article deals with the problems that arise when trying to reorganize inefficient industrial enterprises and territories located within the precincts of a city. The relevance of the study is that a re-development steps forth as the only possible and most effective way to develop the city in the absence of free land. The work is aimed to identify mechanisms and ways of integrated territory development and overcoming problems in the modern Russian conditions, taking into account the European experience in the implementation of the given projects as well as the possibility of their adaptation in the Russian market. Materials and methods. The work is based on the theoretical study and analysis of published sources. Also the work uses statistical data, foreign and domestic scientific publications in the field of territory development. Results. The number of inefficient, outdated industrial territories abroad is significantly reduced every year what indicates the successful use of re-development mechanisms. In Russia the number of implemented projects is much lesser, so it is necessary to pay attention to the tools used by developed countries in the integrated territory transformation. The analysis of the Russian experience revealed the need to develop a specialized legislation as a basis for elaboration of the re-development. Thus, for effective introduction of the Western standards, it is required to take into account the differences between Russian and foreign industrial territories that do not allow to fully introduce these tools without adaptation to the conditions of the domestic economy. Conclusions. It is determined that implementation of promising and large re-development projects is impossible without overcoming a number of problems (a large number of owners, lack of legislation in this area, shortage of financial resources, etc.). Relying on the experience gained abroad, possible solutions to these restrictions are proposed.

scholarly journals Influence of the Urban Environment on the English Oak (Quercus Robur L.) Growth and Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-381
Author(s):  
Anna Popova ◽  
Valentina Popova
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Anthropogenic Factor ◽  
Seed Progeny ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
English Oak ◽  
The City ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

The morphological parameters of the maternal trees growth, seed progeny and seedlings, and the value of the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of the leaves of adult plants under urban influence were estimated. Urban oak groves have a low growth rate of shoots. Rural and suburban oak groves are characterized by an increase in the shoot. The coefficients of variation (Cv) in the length and width of leaf blades are generally low; only for 1 territory near urban radius and experiencing the influence of industrial enterprises, the Cv of the length of the leaf blade is 29.3% and the width of the leaf blade - 30.4%. FA for all oak forests, with the exception of Chizhovskoe tract (0.056), not exceed 0.04, thus, they are resistant to the anthropogenic factor. The average growth of seedlings is 13-14 cm. The coefficient of variation for shoot length for most groups of seedlings exceeds 30%. The suburban seedlings have the largest shoot thickness and exceed 0.3 cm. Among urban seedlings, the oak population in the most distant from the city (middle circle), is close to this indicator. The areas of the lowest emission load of pollutants coincide with the forest areas of the city.

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