scholarly journals The Cossacks Chronicles of Eyewitness, H. Hrabianka’s and S. Velychko’s in studies in Soviet historiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Tetiana Voitsekhovska
Keyword(s):  
Class Struggle ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
General Context ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Marxist Ideology ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Soviet Historiography

The purpose of the article is to analyze the Cossack chronicles of Samovydets, H. Hrabianka’s, and S. Velychko’s in historical research during 1917–1991. Research methods: comparative, system-structural, historical-typological, historical-genetiс. The problem of studying Ukrainian chronicles of the XVI–XVIII centuries of the Soviet historiography has been studied relatively little. In most cases, the chronicles of military chancellerists are considered in the general context of study of the chronicles, and the chronology of historiographic reviews is limited to the mid-1960s. Main results. The article deals with the works of Soviet researchers who studied the phenomenon of Cossack chronicles. The main subjects for the studies on the literature of the Chancellery are revealed, in particular: dating, place of creation and identity of the authors of the texts; the factual accuracy of the messages, the features of the source base used by the Chancellerists, the study of the lists and editions of the chronicles and their comparison among themselves, as well as the peculiarities of the authors’ outlook, their assessment of historical events and figures. The peculiarities of the studies of Soviet scholars under the influence of Marxist ideology are investigated. In a number of cases, researchers have been forced not to touch political and ideological aspects that contradicted official dogmas and interpret historical events in the discourse of class struggle. However, some of the workings of Soviet historians are still relevant today, including the study of the lists and editions of the Cossack chronicles and the features of their source base. Practical meaning: recommended for use in historiography studies and history of Ukraine. Originality. Generalized scientific work of Soviet scholars on the literature of Chancellerist. Scientific novelty. For the first time the works of scientists of 1917–1991 were systematized, in which the Cossack chronicles of Samovydets, G. Hrabianka and S. Velichko were studied. Type of the article: descriptive.

Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein and his Russian Publishers

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-298
Author(s):  
Elena M. Shabshaevich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publishing Houses ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time ◽  
Extensive List

The article presents a focused look at the professional relations of the composer and pianist Anton Grigoryevich Rubinstein (1829—1894) with his main Russian publishers — V.V. Bessel and P.I. Jurgenson. The article is based on musical and historical research concerning the history of the Bessel and Jurgenson publishing houses, works on copyright, A.G. Rubinstein’s epistolary, and archival documents from the Russian National Museum of Music. For the first time in music science, there are revealed some pages of the history of personal and business contacts of the three named persons, primarily the conflicts related to the rights to publish the composer’s works in Russia. The first documented contract for the publications of A.G. Rubinstein was received by P.I. Jurgenson (for op. 82, 1868). However, the contract of A.G. Rubinstein with the trading house “Bessel and Co.”, concluded in 1871 (though Rubinstein’s first work had been published by Bessel two years earlier), was much more extensive and significant. Under this contract, it was supposed to publish more than fifty A.G. Rubinstein’s works of various genres, so in the 1870s, V.V. Bessel became the main Russian publisher of the composer. However, in 1879, A.G. Rubinstein unexpectedly changed his main publisher in Russia. This position was taken by P.I. Jurgenson, whose trading house also published an extensive list of Rubinstein’s compositions, as well as his literary works. This is evidenced by several notarized contracts, stored in the Russian National Museum of Music, between Rubinstein and “P.I. Jurgenson” company. Thus, the two leading Russian publishers of A.G. Rubinstein legally formalized their relations with the composer, which allows us to follow, in a reasoned and substantive way, the process of maturation of the institution of copyright for music publications in Russia in the last third of the 19th century.Using the example of A.G. Rubinstein, in comparison with the position of M.A. Balakirev, the article also raises the issue of granting copyright to a publisher not only in Russia, but also “forever and for all countries”. The comparative analysis of publications of the same composer by different publishing companies is also new to Russian musicology, this helps identify certain accents that publishers put in popularizing A.G. Rubinstein’s works. The publication of the composer’s works by various publishers also highlights new aspects in his creative process, in the history of the creation, receipt of the opus number, and the titles of some of his works.

Alla ricerca di una storia dell'ambientalismo italiano: il contributo di Giorgio Nebbia e Franco Pedrotti

2009 ◽  
pp. 303-317
Author(s):  
Luigi Piccioni
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental History ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
World War ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Italian Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

- The birth of Italian environmental history in the late 80s is due to the works and research of professional and non-professional historians. Its recent growth, fed for the first time by young researchers, and its gradual institutionalization could take place neglecting or even ignoring the numerous and sometimes excellent studies published by non-professionals. The cases of the merceologist Giorgio Nebbia and the botanist Franco Pedrotti appear exemplary in this regard. Both of them being eminent scholars in their own fields and pioneers of the italian environmentalist movement, they dedicated a considerable part of their scientific production to historical research. Nebbia has devoted himself to the history of the relationship between society, commodities and natural resources and to the story of "ecological contestation" while Pedrotti has re- searched mainly in the fields of protected areas and in post 2nd World War Italian environmentalism. This essay aims to highlight the contribution given by Nebbia and Pedrotti to Italian studies in the field of environmental history and to the spread of interest in this subject.Parole chiave: Italia; storiografia; storia ambientale; ambientalismo; aree protette; archivi.Key words: Italy; historiography; environmental history; environmentalism; protected areas; archives.

Learning from a Frozen Ocean: The Changing Face of Antarctic Ocean Ecology

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh W. Ducklow
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Principal Investigator ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temporal Perspective ◽  
Ocean Science ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

The temporal perspective provided by the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program places individual, limited, short-term observations and experiments in a valuable context. Proper interpretation of short-term results may be incomplete without a longer-term perspective. This often makes me skeptical of individual studies. The remote location and harsh environment of Antarctica place special demands and constraints on research, collaboration, and education. Meeting these challenges is one of the most exhilarating aspects of our LTER project. Keeping the proper balance between maintaining continuity of observations and keeping the research program new and innovative is another key challenge for research in the LTER program. But rather than constraining them, the ongoing nature of the LTER program facilitates and enhances creative observations and innovation. In 2001, I joined the LTER network as lead principal investigator for the Palmer LTER project (PAL), one of two pelagic marine sites in the LTER network. That was my first formal exposure to the LTER program, about midway through my scientific career. After majoring in the history of science in college, I received my PhD in environmental engineering from Harvard in 1977. I was originally trained as an environmental microbiologist and gradually evolved into a biological oceanographer and ocean biogeochemist. Prior to joining PAL, I worked in other large, multidisciplinary, and interdisciplinary ocean science programs. In addition to leading PAL, I study the roles of ocean microbes in the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and other elements in the ice-influenced ocean surrounding Antarctica. As a principal investigator, I participate in planning and guiding the LTER network. Network participation has significantly broadened my perspective on my own personal scientific work. This participation has been one of my more interesting and fulfilling experiences as a scientist. Over the past 20 years, research has shown that the western Antarctic Peninsula is one of the most rapidly warming regions on earth, and we are gradually beginning to understand how the ecosystem is responding to this unprecedented rate of change. Joining PAL changed my life. (Actually, going to Antarctica for the first time changed my life, but the LTER program gave me the opportunity to go there every year.)

Andrey Krasnov’s contribution into development of comparative approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
M. Davydiuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Science Content ◽  
Tropical Plants ◽  
Original Works ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
First Time

The paper is devoted to the outstanding native botanist-geographer Andrey Nikolayevich Krasnov (1862-1914), who, with his original works, left a remarkable track in the history of geographic science. He has done a lot for the development of geography. Geospatial comparative-geographic research occupied a special place in the many-sided scientific work of the outstanding educator and geographer. Andrey Krasnov conducted them in the homeland and in different places of the globe. The purpose of this study is to highlight multi-component comparative-geographical developments, which are widely represented in Andrey Krasnov’s works. Elements of comparative analysis and comparative approach as a whole in these publications focus on itself all the richness of research work and constructive nature use results of the scientist, relevant up to now. Andrey Krasnov substantially enriched the comparative approach with the techniques of geographical comparative method with regard to research of the comparable geospatial objects of nature, and also considerably strengthened the approach by methods of paleogeographical, genetic, morphological, geomorphological, evolutionary, landscape-science content. Andrey Krasnov’s original geomorphological hypothesis of steppes forestlessness was developed by comparative study of steppe nature in different parts of the world. Using comparative approach Andrey Krasnov came to the conclusion that it is possible to create "Japan" in Colchis and grow tea there. The co-creation of man with nature realized by him (in the case of the introduction of tropical plants in analogical environment) was carried out on the basis of comparative-geographical approach. In that co-creation the future of constructive geography was guessed. Andrey Krasnov advanced and worked out the idea of "geographic combinations" – landscapes as the main objects of study of geographical science. This idea preceded the science of geographic landscapes and their regionalization, as well as the distinguishing of landscapes-analogues in different regions and zones of the Earth. Andrey Krasnov for the first time in the national literature has outlined the landscape regions and zones (strips) for the territory of the entire globe. In the scientific work of Andrey Krasnov the scientist and artist were harmoniously combined. His works are an example of combination of high scholarship with artistic presentation. He significantly developed the research capabilities of comparative approach and expanded the horizons of its effectiveness, including the teaching and educational field.

scholarly journals From the history of the psychological school of Lenin- grad/St. Petersburg University: Nina Albertovna Grishchenko

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-293
Author(s):  
Larisa Golovey ◽  
◽  
Pavel Grishchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Psychological Service ◽  
History Of ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the research and life of the scientist-psychologist and teacher Nina Albertovna Grishchenko, who worked for more than 50 years at the Leningrad — St. Petersburg University and is a prominent representative of the psychological school of Boris Ananyev. She created methods for studying the integral structure of the psychomotor organization and studied the patterns of development of psychomotor skills in different periods of ontogenesis, in various types of professional activity. She was the author of the first monograph in Russia devoted to the psychomotor organization of an adult, was the co-author of five monographs and six textbooks for psychology students and practitioners. Grishchenko’s works made a significant contribution to the creation of a psychological service in the education system, the development of psychological foundations and methods of professional orientation and the study of the impact of the effects of radiation pollution on the intellectual potential and development of a person. The results of her research are relevant today for the theory and applied branches of psychology. She successfully combined scientific work with the training and education of students and postgraduates, was a teacher with a capital letter and brought up many generations of psychologists who work in different parts of Russia and abroad. The article presents the memories of Nina Albertovna’s students from different years.

scholarly journals Возвращенная из небытия: борьба за историческую память о 110-й Калмыцкой кавалерийской дивизии. Часть 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-955
Author(s):  
Utash B. Ochirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Memory ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Unit

Introduction. The article analyzes historiography and history of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division, the only ethnic Kalmyk (largely) military unit that was engaged in active combat operations during the Great Patriotic War. However, despite its huge contribution to the heroic struggle against invading troops the unit — worthy of decent memory and respect — got surrounded with defamatory myths that bear no relation to actual events. Since most of the Division’s documents submitted to archives had disappeared, it took several decades to objectively examine its history. Materials and methods. The historical genetic method being a principal one for the present research, the latter also employs historical systemic and comparative methods. The sources analyzed are books and articles, official documents and correspondence from various archival repositories, personal messages and memoirs by veterans of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division and researchers of its history. Results. The article is a consistent review of the unit’s historiography that may be divided into five stages to be designated as follows: 1) period of silence and lies (1943–1957), 2) period of ‘sporadic’ studies (1957–1967), 3) period of active scientific work (1967–1977), 4) period of indifference (1977–2011), and 5) period of new scholarly interest (2011 to the present). The Kalmyk Cavalry Division has long been an object of defamatory insinuations and calumny when it was accused of ‘unreliability’, denounced as a ‘gang’ or even as German collaborators — these had clearly political implications. Meanwhile, the historical research was seriously complicated by the loss of most of its documents although after the disbandment those were duly handed over according to inventory lists along with the banners. This severely obstructed the process of preserving historical memory of the only ethnic Kalmyk unit that fought against the enemy during the Great Patriotic War. Hence, the difficulties that scholars in the field have had to overcome were immense. Part One of the article covers stages one to three. Conclusions. Historiography of the 110th Kalmyk Cavalry Division may be described as a difficult and winding path, with periods of both oblivion and activation experienced.

Fond of Raissa Gourevich-Kroll-De Chirico-Calza (Raissa Lork) in the Library of Humanities, Siena

2018 ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Anna V. Uriadova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Central State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Private Collections

The article strives to describe the fond of Raissa Calza (1897–1979) in the Library of Humanities of Siena and documents in it. For this purpose, the author has carried out the following tasks: she has studied Russian and foreign historiography on the issue; she has analyzed sources on the issue; and drawing on these, she has studied the biography of Raisa Calza; she has reviewed the archival fond and analyzed its documents. Having reviewed the historiography, the author comes to the conclusion that the fate of Raisa Calza, her creativity, and scientific work has been poorly studied, especially by Russian historians. There are few articles dedicated to the Calza collection in the Library of Humanities. Studying the sources (personal and business letters, diary, notebooks, memoirs, photographs, scientific works) associated with Raisa and her connections allows to identify their nature and main features and to supplement, clarify, and flesh out the biography of Raissa Calza. These documents are sources on more than everyday life and microhistory. They can be used in studying the history of Russian emigration, of Russian-Italian cultural relations, of archeology. The fate of Raisa Calza is interesting in itself, as a fate of a woman, an individual, amidst historical events of the 20th century. The chronological frameworks of the study coincide with the chronology of Raisa Calza’s documents preserved in the Siena’s library (1900s-1970s). The article includes an overview of the creation of the archive in the Library of Humanities of Siena and that of the Raissa Calza fond, which came into existence when she donated her documents to the Library in 1970s. The article studies the structure of the Raissa Calza fond: boxes I, VI – letters, postcards, telegrams, dairy, history of Gourevitch, Tumarkin and Frenkley families; II-IV – ‘Ostia’ containing materials on the excavations of Antic Ostia; V – various documents, boxes of photos. The author concludes that these sources should be introduces into scientific use. The collection proves that documents on Russian history are available not only in central state archives and private collections, but also in universities. It challenges historians to start researching universities libraries and archives. The article also names other foreign archives containing documents of Raissa Calza.

scholarly journals ‘Speaking Kleinian’: Susan Isaacs as Ursula Wise and the Inter-War Popularisation of Psychoanalysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Shapira
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Ordinary Language ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Melanie Klein ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Child Caregivers ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time

How did the complex concepts of psychoanalysis become popular in early twentieth-century Britain? This article examines the contribution of educator and psychoanalyst Susan Isaacs (1885–1948) to this process, as well as her role as a female expert in the intellectual and medical history of this period. Isaacs was one of the most influential British psychologists of the inter-war era, yet historical research on her work is still limited. The article focuses on her writing as ‘Ursula Wise’, answering the questions of parents and nursery nurses in the popular journalNursery World, from 1929 to 1936. Researched in depth for the first time, Isaacs’ important magazine columns reveal that her writing was instrumental in disseminating the work of psychoanalyst Melanie Klein in Britain. Moreover, Isaacs’ powerful rebuttals to behaviourist, disciplinarian parenting methods helped shift the focus of caregivers to the child’s perspective, encouraging them to acknowledge children as independent subjects and future democratic citizens. Like other early psychoanalysts, Isaacs was not an elitist; she was in fact committed to disseminating her ideas as broadly as possible. Isaacs taught British parents and child caregivers to ‘speak Kleinian’, translating Klein’s intellectual ideas into ordinary language and thus enabling their swift integration into popular discourse.

scholarly journals Sejarah Gerakan Politik Pemuda di Jakarta Sekitar Proklamasi

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-109
Author(s):  
Satriono Priyo Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Youth Activism ◽  
National Politics ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
The Core ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Political Actions

The history of the Indonesian youth political movement in 1928 not only inherited national politics with the ties of "imagine of Indonesia" as a homeland, nation and language, namely Indonesia. But it also gave birth to the view that youth is the core of change. This view became the belief of Indonesian youth in the 1940s to be involved in the revolutionary wave of "imagine of Indonesia" in a more critical and progressive manner in political actions. This paper aims to explain youth activism in Jakarta around a more advanced proclamation, accelerating from national politics to populist politics. There were two strongest youth node organizations in Jakarta at that time, Asrama Menteng Raya 31 and Prapatan 10. Both of them brought together young people from different ethnic and national backgrounds. But the youth political movement in the 1940s had a more populist political tone with its political activities carrying out political education work in order to mobilize people's awareness of the struggle for independence. Then the youth in Jakarta formed an organizational node called the Angkatan Pemuda Indonesia (API), which contributed to the historical events of the grand meeting at Ikada Square on September 19, 1945. Where Sukarno spoke as President of Indonesia for the first time in front of a mass mobilized by youth after the reading of the proclamation on August 17, 1945.

scholarly journals Works of fiction within social realism: experience of «double» life and «double» speech. Review of T. Sharova’s monograph «An author and text in social realism system: the nature of aesthetic conformism and the poetics of artistic compromise (based on the material of K. Gordienko’s works)» (Melitopol, 2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 96-98
Author(s):  
Svitlana Zhurba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Social Realism ◽  
Fiction Writing ◽  
Interesting Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Adaptation Practices ◽  
First Time ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The critical research is aimed to review T. Sharova’s monograph «An author and text in social realism system: the nature of aesthetic conformism and the poetics of artistic compromise (based on the material of K. Gordienko’s works)». The attention is paid to the relevance of the book, defined in three aspects. First, the researcher shows one of the possible solutions to the important issue of aesthetic conformism and the poetics of compromise, due to socio-political and historical reasons. Secondly, a successful attempt to explore semantic inversions in the structure of «the patriarch of Ukrainian prose» K. Gordienko’s fiction text, whose work reflects the stages of artistic reorientation and the ways of «reconciliation» with reality, has been made. Third, an interesting approach to substantiation and testing of new mechanisms for the analysis of Soviet discursive practices based on a specific fiction material has been demonstrated. It is proved that sense and value of T. Sharova’s work is that the author focuses not only on historical and fiction issues, but also presents for the first time a number of theoretical issues, such as general markers of the socialist paradigm, «language of cooperation», political regulation of aesthetic norms, etc. Moreover, within the monograph, this aspect is considered both at the level of writer’s individual creative reactions and at the level of fiction writing strategies. The author of the scientific work has characterized the integral components of Ukrainian social realism and generalized the technology of formation and representation in the aesthetic conformism literature. It has been emphasized that the work of K. Gordienko, firstly, illustrates clearly the role of the artist in totalitarian conditions; secondly, it reflects the tragic result of balancing the ethical and aesthetic principles with the imposed Soviet «from above» style; thirdly, it reveals the adaptation practices of the author-creator, sheds light on the logic of both forced and voluntary conformism. In conclusion, T. Sharova’s monograph from a theoretical standpoint as well as historical and literary points of view makes a significant contribution to the study of the history of the twentieth century’s Ukrainian literature. In particular, a complex and ambiguous layer of social realistic literature has been studied.

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