scholarly journals Проблемні питання адаптації корів голштинської породи в умовах промислової технології виробництва молока

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
R.V. Milostiviy ◽  
О.О. Kalinichenko ◽  
Т.О. Vasilenko ◽  
D.F. Milostivа ◽  
G.S. Gutsulyak
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Problematic Issue

The increase in the duration of productive longevity of highly productive cows remains a problematic issue and in recent years has attracted increasing attention of domestic and foreign scientists. Accelerated herd turnover and significant premature retirement of Holstein animals in herds may subsequently have negative economic and biological consequences. The analysis of the lifetime productivity of the Holstein cattle of European breeding and their daughters under the conditions of industrial milk production technology has been carried out; the reasons for the culling of animals due to diseases have been clarified. It is established that under the conditions of an industrial complex the period of productive use of Holstein cattle is sharply reduced. The duration of the lactation period in cows-daughters compared with mothers significantly decreased by 463.6 days (by 32.5%) and amounted to only 2.5 lactations (P < 0.01). At the same time, lifelong milk yield was lower by 8427.1 kg (25.9%), and during life from them was received on one calf less. The main reasons for premature departure from the herd of imported animals were: a violation of reproductive capacity (25.6%) and postpartum complications (7.4%), diseases of the digestive system (22.3%), limbs (21.5%) and mastitis (6.6%). Excessive exploitation of animals led to a decrease in natural resistance, which manifested itself in an increase in the number of pathologies of reproductive organs (6.7%), digestive organs (5.5%) and mammary glands (8.5%) among the first-generation cows. Accelerated herd turnover as a result of premature retirement of highly productive cows, necessitates the search for rational ways to increase the natural resistance of the animal organism in conditions of industrial milk production technology aimed at prolonging their productive longevity.

scholarly journals FERTILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF FIRST-CALF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. М. Kucher ◽  
A. М. Didkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Fertility Index ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of animals at the lowest number of indicators is more effective compared to selection on many grounds. The main focus during the selection of Holstein cattle was to increase milk productivity, which meant the neglect of other important features, such as fertility (fecundity) of animals. The purpose of the work was to determine the level of milk productivity of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed in conditions of a particular farm, in which there would be a successful combination of reproductive capacity support for adjusting the selection of animals. The research was carried out in the breeding plant of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed of farm "Khliborob" of Kozyatinsky district of Vinnytsia region. The material of the research was the information of 212 first-calf cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed of this farm. Indicators of dairy productivity were studied in 305 days of lactation according to zootechnical records. Reproductive ability of cows evaluated index insemination, age 1 st calving (months), duration (days) of service period, the period of pregnancy, the period between calving, the dry period, a rate of reproductive capacity (CRF), the calves are emitted per 100 cows (%) and the fertility index. The first-breed differentiation was carried out at a deviation of 0.7 σ from the mean of index (M) of the fertility index. Such a division makes it possible to divide the herd into 3 groups in a ratio of 1:2:1. The highest level of dairy productivity have characterized by animals of the I group with low fertility (the fertility index was on average 40.8), which significantly surpassed their peers of the III group with good fertility for the livelihood for 305 days of lactation for 434 kg, milk protein production – by 15.2 kg, total milk fat and protein production – by 26.0 kg (P ≤ 0.05). The increase in the duration of lactation and deterioration of fertility has associated with an increase in the duration of the service period, which is quite natural, since animals need more time to invade the genital organs and normalize their functioning and restore normal sexual cycle. The difference in the duration of the lactation period when comparing animals with different fertility in all cases was high-reliable at P ≤ 0.001 (td = 3.38–6.00). The effect of cow fertility on the duration of their lactation was ηx = 0.160 (at P ≤ 0.001). The main indicator that characterizes the economic efficiency of the industry is the profit received from the cow due to the receipt of the calfs and milk. Taking into account the duration of the service period, which exceeded the optimum terms, in the first days of the experimental groups, indicators of non-compliance of products in the form of calves per 100 cows were determined, which made 18.5%, 14.1% and 11.4% respectively. The force of influence on the fertility of cows at the age of their first calving was ηx = 0.507 (at P ≤ 0.001). According to the received data, the first-calf cows with a tiredness of 6274 kg of milk showed the highest calving output in the herd is for 100 cows (89.6%) and reproductive capacity (0.91). The lowest calf output (82.5%) and reproductive capacity (0.84) was found in cows with a milk yield of 6708 kg for 305 days of lactation. As the milk productivity increases, the duration of the service period extends from 123.1 to 158.3 days (r = 0.16 ± 0.07, at P ≤ 0.05), and the index of insemination – from 2.35 to 3,02 (r = 0.17 ± 0.08, at P ≤ 0.05). The relationship was straightforward and reliable. It is necessary to focus on improving cow fertility, which is the basis of effective milk production. For the successful management of dairy cattle breeding in the conditions of the "Hliborob" farm, we recommend to select the herds of heifers to be retrieved from animals with satisfactory fertility, since this will be economically beneficial for the farm and physiologically optimal for animals. A negative correlation was detected between milk productivity and reproductive capacity - with an increase in the fertility index per unit of hopes for cows, it would increase by 148.5 kg of milk. Under existing conditions of feeding and keeping on the farm it is expedient to select for further breeding of animals with a productivity level of 6.5 thousand kg of milk for 305 days of lactation. For a more complete realization of the genetic potential of milk production of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White milk, it is necessary to improve the conditions of their feeding, maintenance.

Effect of Breed and Some Non - Genetic Factors on Milk Production and Some Proportions of Its Chemical Components in Two Breeds of Local Sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Rahman Hussein AL-Qasimi ◽  
Shatha Mohammed Abbas ◽  
Allawi L.D. AL-Khauzai
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Milk Production Traits ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Milk Components

The study was carried out on 19 ewes of local Awassi sheep and 12ewes local Arabi sheep in the Al-kafeel sheep station Karbala, to determine the effect of breed and some non-genetic factors such as (sex of the lamb, type of birth, age and weight of ewes at birth) on daily and total milk production and lactation period and some of milk components (fat, protein and lactose). The results showed that a significant effect (P <0.05) of the breed on milk production traits where Awassi sheep recorded the highest mean (0.91 kg , 101.63 kg , 104.86 day) compared to the Arabi sheep she was means (0.77 kg , 88.15 kg , 99.15 day) respectively. As well as in proportions of milk components with mean( 5.1 , 4.90 , 5.51) % respectively compared to the Arabi sheep (4.70 . 4.20 . 4.89) ewes with male lambs also exceeded superior ewes with female lambs in daily and total milk production and the lactation period the sex of the lamb did not affect the proportions of milk components the weight of the ewes had a significant effect (P <0.05) in milk production attributes with superior weight of ewes on lower ewes and did not affect the proportions of milk ingredients except for lactose. The type of birth and the age of the ewes did not have a significant effect in all the studied traits except for the superiority (P<0.05) of young ewes on age ewes in the fat percentage of milk.

FINDING FACTORS OF SURVIVAL THE YOUNG OF MARINE HERRING MIGRATING IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE CASPIAN SEA

2017 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Tatiana Stanislavovna Zubkova
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Survival Ratio ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Foraging Area ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Feeding Assessment ◽  
Predatory Fishes

The objects of research are three species of Caspian migrating herrings (Dolginsk herring ( Alosa brashnikowi ), big-eyed shad ( Alosa saposchnikowii ), Caspian shad ( Alosa caspia caspia )). The work considers two biological aspects of herring reproduction: dependence of number of underyearlings on the number of females in the end of feeding; assessment of survival rate of herring juveniles from the stage of fish egg to the stage of underyearlings. Besides fecundity of individual species, scientists take into account sex ratio in spawning populations, population fecundity, loss of reproductive capacity due to the resorption in unscreened roe. The materials obtained within 2009-2015 show that the dependence of herring underyearling number on the number of females arriving at spawning ground is extremely low. Despite a great number of females on the spawning grounds, the reasons of decreasing number of the first generation can be different: unfavorable hydrological and hydrochemical environment in foraging area, insufficient nutritive base, rescheduling of the spawning etc. The varying number of underyearlings from year to year is more pronounced with predatory fishes: the Dolginsk herring - 2.1 times, big-eyed shad - 1.7 times. The underyearling number of zoo-plankton feeder - Caspian shad is consistently high with minimal yearly variations. The young of Caspian shad have the highest survival ratio (0.0122); the young of predatory herring species the ratio is lower: Dolginsk herring is 4 times less (0.0031), big-eyed shad - 5 times less (0.0024). The data on herring survival from stage of a fish egg to an underyearling stage will become a starting point in the investigation of the environmental influence on to the new herring generations.

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ АДАПТОГЕНОВ ПРИ ДЕФИЦИТЕ ЖЕЛЕЗА У КОРОВ

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
N.I. YAROVAN ◽  
E.N. RYZHKOVA ◽  
Y.V. KARTAMYSHEVA
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mountain Ash

Представлены результаты изучения влияния растительных адаптогенов на основе облепихи крушиновидной, боярышника обыкновенного, рябины обыкновенной и каштана конского на уровень железа при его дефиците, оксидантно-антиоксидантный статус и молочную продуктивность коров, содержащихся в условиях промышленного комплекса. Были сформированы 5 групп животных по 10 голов. Животные I (контрольной) группы получали основной рацион (ОР) II ОР измельченные семена каштана конского 50 г на 1 голову в сутки III ОР измельченные семена каштана конского 30 г высушенные плоды рябины обыкновенной 20 г на 1 голову в сутки IV ОР цельнозамороженные плоды облепихи крушиновидной 200 г на 1 голову в сутки V ОР цельнозамороженные плоды облепихи крушиновидной 130 г высушенные плоды боярышника обыкновенного 40 г на 1 голову в сутки. В опытных группах II, III, IV и V обнаружено увеличение содержания железа в сыворотке крови к 20-му дню эксперимента на 87, 78, 41 и 58, соответственно. Наблюдалось постепенное снижение уровня свободно-радикального окисления к 30-му дню опыта у коров этих групп. Уровень малонового диальдегида (МДА) снизился на 37,5, 13,4, 20 и 20, соответственно. Увеличение среднесуточного удоя отмечено у коров, получавших комплекс растительных средств из семян каштана плодов рябины (на 7,4) и плодов облепихи плодов боярышника (на 7,5).The resalts of impact studies of plant-based adaptogens (sea-buckthorn, hawthorn, mountain ash and chestnut) on serum iron level in cows, oxidative-antioxidant status and milk production of cattle contained in the industrial complex were shown. 5 groups were formed with 10 animals each: 1st control group (I) - animals received the main diet (MD) 2nd group (II) - MD chestnut seeds (50 g per 1 animal) 3rd group (III) - MD chestnut seeds/ mountain ash (30 g/20 g per 1 animal) 4th group (IV) - MD sea-buckthorn fruits (200 g per 1 animal) 5th group (V) - MD sea-buckthorn fruits/ hawthorn fruits (130 g /40 g per 1 animal). In experimental groups II, III, IV и V, an increase in the content of iron in blood serum by the 20th day of the experiment by 87, 78, 41, 58, respectively, was shown. There was also a gradual decrease in the free radical oxidation level by the 30th day of the experiment in cows of experimental groups II, III, IV и V, the malondialdehyde level (MDA) decreased by 37.5, 13.4, 20, 20 respectively compared to the initial values. The highest average daily milk production was observed in cows receiving a complex of herbal remedies from chestnut seeds mountain ash fruits (an increase by 7.4) and sea-buckthorn fruits hawthorn fruits (an increase by 7.5).

scholarly journals Factors affecting the milk production of dairy cattle in northern rural areas of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Begum ◽  
M Anaruzzaman ◽  
MSI Khan ◽  
M Yousuf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Factors Affecting

A cross sectional study was conducted to observe the factors affecting the productive performance of dairy cattle from northern rural areas of Bangladesh during July and September 2013. Data of 105 cows, 85 (80.95%) from local and 20 (19.05%) cows from cross breed, were randomly selected for the study. A binary logistic regression, expressed by odds ratio with 95% confidence interval, was done to determine the association of daily milk production categorized into ? 2 and > 2 liters (L), based on median, with the significant explanatory variables of body weight, age at first calving, lactation period, vitamin use, type of floor and milking person. The result demonstrated that the probability of milk production of >2 L was 6.16, 4.5, 20.65 and 5.7 times higher from the with animal body weight of >140 kg, age at first calving of >36 m, lactation period of >8 m and vitamin use than that of body weight of 140 kg, age at first calving of ?36 m, lactation period of ? 8 m, and not vitamin used respectively. The chance of milk production of > 2 L was 0.25 and 0.22 times lower for mud floor, and owner milking than that of brick floor and gowala (professional milking person) respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i2.22646 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (2): 41-45, December, 2014

scholarly journals GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY FOR MILK PRODUCTION AND REPRODUCTION TRAITS IN RUSSIAN HOLSTEIN CATTLE POPULATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Sermyagin A.A. Sermyagin ◽  
◽  
E.A. Gladyr’ E.A. Gladyr’ ◽  
S.N. Kharitonov S.N. Kharitonov ◽  
A.N. Ermilov A.N. Ermilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Reproduction Traits

scholarly journals A Study on the Economic Contribution of Milk Production in Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
S A Shamsudeen Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Special Trait ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Economic Contribution ◽  
Dairy Cooperatives

Animal cultivation and dairying assume an imperative job in the rural economy of India. It is a necessary subordinate to crop production. Dairy cooperatives and private dairies are assuming significant job to improve the milk production in various districts of India. Growth of milk production is formed by socio-economic, innovative, and institutional components, which act both on the demand and the inventory sides. The demand-related economic factors which impact milk production incorporate per capita income, populace growth, urbanization, cost of milk, and its substitutes, income-use versatility, and utilization pattern. The special trait of the Indian dairy industry is that heft of milk production in our nation is dealt with by little milk producers who are unskilled and insensible of economic parts of milk production brave is a safe path and eventual fate of our neural development and turned into a business endeavor. It can contribute generously to a farmer’s income. His method for looking to the challenging has not been changed from auxiliary to business. This issue truly lessen the production possibilities of animals, particularly cross breeds as they sand progressively defenseless to ailments, hardships, and contingencies impossible to miss to the Indian atmosphere. Be that as it may, there is little proof accessible on how much the farmers and the country lose because of animal infections. The reproductive capacity the animal, a significant worry in its economic misfortunes to farmers’ an incentive in dairy farming, is as often as possible identified with periparturient occasions as unwanted health identified with occasions during this period may result in tremendous economic misfortunes to farmers. Before the finish of development in dairy makes gigantic demands for vitality, protein is with the end goal that it happens at the most productive time of a lactating animal. Tamil Nadu is one of the states with a decent potential for milk production, and the private dairies are giving great and healthy rivalry. Dairy cooperatives and private dairies have not just given an organized system to milk marketing to the rural family units, yet also gave the essential specialized information sources like arrangement of manual semen injection, health administrations, and different data sources. Hence, the present study has been done to give an overview of the economic contribution of Milk Production in Tamil Nadu, and the study is completely based on the secondary sources of data collections.

scholarly journals Influence of complex action of probiotic and specific prophylaxis of associated mucosal diseases on some quantitative traits of dairy cattle performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
S. O. Sidashova ◽  
B. V. Gutyj ◽  
V. I. Khalak ◽  
O. G. Humeny
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Acid Base Status ◽  
Complex Scheme ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Dairy Breed

The article presents the results of studies of indicators of reaching the age of the first calving of repair heifers of the Ukrainian red dairy breed under the conditions of use of the complex scheme of specific immunoprophylaxis and preparation “Multibacterin veterinary suspension”.The research was conducted in the conditions of the industrial complex for milk production of Dolinskoye LLC, Odessa region. The subjects of the study were groups-analogues of breeding heifers and the firstborn of the genotype.The assessment of repair young growth indicators was performed taking into account the following indicators: age of fertile insemination, months; age of first calving, months; milk production for 100 and 305 days of the first lactation, kg. For the functional evaluation of the digestive status of animals used to determine the transit of feed, in % and the assessment of acid-base status of faeces, pH unit. The following indicators were investigated in the serum of repair calves of mating age: total protein, g/l; albumin, g/l; globulin, g/l; glucose, mmol/l; urea, mmol/l; alkaline phosphatase, units/l and liver enzymes (ALT and AST, units/l).The economic efficiency of the results of the studies was calculated according to the indicator “average hope of one cow for 305 days of the first lactation, kg”. It was found that, due to the positive simultaneous effect of probiotic protection of the intestinal mucous membranes, repair heifers showed a higher growth and development rate and the first calving had 28.07 months, which is 2.31 months (8.45 %) earlier than in control (P < 0.001).The optimization of the technology of growing heifers for the use in the scheme of specific immunoprophylaxis of a probiotic drug – immunomodulator, which feed use had a prolonged positive effect not only on the growth parameters of young animals, but also on the increase of milk productivity per first lactation was experimentally proved.Calculations of cost-effectiveness of research results showed that the maximum increase in production (+ 9.10 %) was obtained from the firstborn of the experimental group born to cows mothers older than two lactations, where the scheme of specific prevention of associated diseases was carried out for repair heifers with previous normophilic laceration probiotic feed preparation.

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