scholarly journals A Study on the Economic Contribution of Milk Production in Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
S A Shamsudeen Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Neural Development ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Special Trait ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Economic Contribution ◽  
Dairy Cooperatives

Animal cultivation and dairying assume an imperative job in the rural economy of India. It is a necessary subordinate to crop production. Dairy cooperatives and private dairies are assuming significant job to improve the milk production in various districts of India. Growth of milk production is formed by socio-economic, innovative, and institutional components, which act both on the demand and the inventory sides. The demand-related economic factors which impact milk production incorporate per capita income, populace growth, urbanization, cost of milk, and its substitutes, income-use versatility, and utilization pattern. The special trait of the Indian dairy industry is that heft of milk production in our nation is dealt with by little milk producers who are unskilled and insensible of economic parts of milk production brave is a safe path and eventual fate of our neural development and turned into a business endeavor. It can contribute generously to a farmer’s income. His method for looking to the challenging has not been changed from auxiliary to business. This issue truly lessen the production possibilities of animals, particularly cross breeds as they sand progressively defenseless to ailments, hardships, and contingencies impossible to miss to the Indian atmosphere. Be that as it may, there is little proof accessible on how much the farmers and the country lose because of animal infections. The reproductive capacity the animal, a significant worry in its economic misfortunes to farmers’ an incentive in dairy farming, is as often as possible identified with periparturient occasions as unwanted health identified with occasions during this period may result in tremendous economic misfortunes to farmers. Before the finish of development in dairy makes gigantic demands for vitality, protein is with the end goal that it happens at the most productive time of a lactating animal. Tamil Nadu is one of the states with a decent potential for milk production, and the private dairies are giving great and healthy rivalry. Dairy cooperatives and private dairies have not just given an organized system to milk marketing to the rural family units, yet also gave the essential specialized information sources like arrangement of manual semen injection, health administrations, and different data sources. Hence, the present study has been done to give an overview of the economic contribution of Milk Production in Tamil Nadu, and the study is completely based on the secondary sources of data collections.

Economics of Buffalo Milk Production – A Case Study in Rural Tamil Nadu

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
Dr. A. Serma Saravana Pandian ◽  
◽  
Dr. K. N. Selvakumar Dr. K. N. Selvakumar ◽  
Dr. M. Prabu Dr. M. Prabu
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Buffalo Milk

Rural Development and Employment through Skill Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnendu Kumar Patra
Keyword(s):  
Rural Economy ◽  
Skill Development ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Current Status ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Unskilled Labor ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Civil Laws

India has around 600,000 villages with around 64% of its 1.3 billion people living in them. It is absurd to imagine growth without the country-side growing as fast as India's towns and cities. This nation has one of the largest pools of unskilled labor waiting to be trained and utilized. In the absence of proper training, awareness and motivation, it is commonplace for the rural unemployed youth to adopt alternative means of livelihood, many of which are shunned by civil laws. Through this paper the author wishes to throw some light on the importance of Skill Development programs, their current status, the gap that exists between the demand and supply of skilled labor and how employability of rural youth is enhanced by imparting skill oriented training to them. Finally, the paper also emphasizes on how skilled and employable youth contribute to overall development of a rural economy in particular and the nation in general. Data has been gathered from reliable secondary sources. On assumed lines, it was also concluded that the need of the hour for India is to aggressively pursue innovative government programs like Skill India and Make in India so that by the turn of the decade, close to half of the projected eligible population could be employed in various state-run schemes, private organizations. Entrepreneurship is also an outcome of innovative skill development that has immense potential for employment and thus, development of the rural landscape. The paper limits itself to the schemes launched by the respective state governments and central governments thus leaving room for improvement as far as measures taken by privately owned organizations and NGOs are concerned.

scholarly journals Interstate disparities in the performances in combatting COVID-19 in India: efficiency estimates across states

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrabanti Maity ◽  
Nandini Ghosh ◽  
Ummey Rummana Barlaskar
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Health Determinants ◽  
Stochastic Production Frontier ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Comparative Efficiency ◽  
Long Run

Abstract Background Currently, the novel coronavirus or COVID-19 pandemic poses the greatest global health threat worldwide, and India is no exception. As an overpopulated developing country, it is very difficult to maintain social distancing to restrict the spread of the disease in India. Under these circumstances, it is necessary to examine India’s interstate performances to combat COVID-19. This study aims to explore twin objectives: to investigate the comparative efficiency of Indian states to combat COVID-19 and to unfold the factors responsible for interstate disparities in the efficiency in combatting COVID-19. Methods The stochastic production frontier model was utilized for data analysis. The empirical analysis was facilitated by the inefficiency effects model, revealing the factors that influence interstate variability in disease management efficiency. Three types of variables, namely, output, inputs, and exogenous, were used to measure health system efficiency. The relevant variables were compiled from secondary sources. The recovery rate from COVID-19 was the output variable and health infrastructures were considered as the input variable. On the contrary, the non-health determinants considered to have a strong influence on the efficiency of states’ disease management, but could not be considered as input variables, were recognised as exogenous variables. These exogenous variables were specifically used for the inefficiency analysis. Results The empirical results demonstrated the existence of disparities across Indian states in the level of efficiency in combatting COVID-19. A non-trivial outcome of this study was that Tamil Nadu was the best performer and Manipur was the worst performer of the investigated states. Variables such as elderly people, sex ratio, literacy rate, population density, influenced the efficiency of states, and thus, affected the recovery rate. Conclusion This study argues for the efficient utilisation of the existing health infrastructures in India. Simultaneously, the study suggests improving the health infrastructure to achieve a long-run benefit.

Seasonal Influence on Milk Production Performance in SDCMPUL in Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software

Dairy farming is vulnerable to seasonal variable factors such as temperature, cold climatic conditions, and rainfall. These affect the production and reproduction traits of dairy animals. Seasonal variability also affects the quantity of consumption and marketing of milk considerably. The study aimed to assess the seasonal fluctuation in milk production in Sivagangai District Cooperative Milk Producer Union Limited (SDCMPUL), Tamil Nadu. The study used secondary data. The milk production data were collected from SDCMPUL, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu. The data covered the period from 2001-02 to 2020-21. The study used descriptive statistics, CAGR, and paired ‘t-test to determine the variation of milk production according to seasonal changes. The MS office - Excel software and SPSS software were used to analyse the data. The results revealed that the mean milk production of the lean and flush season was 2.46 and 2.30 lakh liters, and the CAGR of milk production in SDCMPUL, Tamil Nadu, during the period 2001-02 to 2020-21 was 5.65 percent, and it was 5.23 percent in lean season and 6.11 percent in the flush season while the growth rate of milk production during the lean and flush season was positive and was significant statistically. It was found that the quantity of milk production was higher in the lean season than a flush season; however, the variability of milk production was more in the flush season than in the lean season.

scholarly journals Evolution of Dairy Cooperatives in Karnataka: A Special Focus on Women’s Dairy Cooperatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
R. S. Geetha ◽  
P. S. Srikantha Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
The Past ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Dairy Cooperatives

The present research is mainly based on secondary data and aimed to study dairy cooperatives’ evolution and especially those involving women in Karnataka. The indicators used in study are growth rate and percentages. In India and Karnataka, the analysis indicated that growth in milk production has increased significantly in the past 3 decades and overall, except during 2000-01 to 2009-10 period for Karnataka. As of July, 2020 there were 14 Milk Unions covering all the districts of the state with 14682 Dairy Cooperatives functioning and 25.30 lakh milk producers. Bengaluru and Kolar milk unions are larger unions in the state contributing around 25 per cent to total dairy cooperatives and milk producers in Karnataka, while contributing around 34 per cent to average milk procurement. The wide spread establishment of WDCs was possible in Karnataka through STEP scheme which was implemented by KMF with the support of Government of Karnataka. The total number of WDCs registered in Karnataka is of 4494 and currently functioning ones among them is 4046. Around 60 per cent of WDCs are set up through STEP in Karnataka over the years.

scholarly journals Проблемні питання адаптації корів голштинської породи в умовах промислової технології виробництва молока

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
R.V. Milostiviy ◽  
О.О. Kalinichenko ◽  
Т.О. Vasilenko ◽  
D.F. Milostivа ◽  
G.S. Gutsulyak
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Problematic Issue

The increase in the duration of productive longevity of highly productive cows remains a problematic issue and in recent years has attracted increasing attention of domestic and foreign scientists. Accelerated herd turnover and significant premature retirement of Holstein animals in herds may subsequently have negative economic and biological consequences. The analysis of the lifetime productivity of the Holstein cattle of European breeding and their daughters under the conditions of industrial milk production technology has been carried out; the reasons for the culling of animals due to diseases have been clarified. It is established that under the conditions of an industrial complex the period of productive use of Holstein cattle is sharply reduced. The duration of the lactation period in cows-daughters compared with mothers significantly decreased by 463.6 days (by 32.5%) and amounted to only 2.5 lactations (P < 0.01). At the same time, lifelong milk yield was lower by 8427.1 kg (25.9%), and during life from them was received on one calf less. The main reasons for premature departure from the herd of imported animals were: a violation of reproductive capacity (25.6%) and postpartum complications (7.4%), diseases of the digestive system (22.3%), limbs (21.5%) and mastitis (6.6%). Excessive exploitation of animals led to a decrease in natural resistance, which manifested itself in an increase in the number of pathologies of reproductive organs (6.7%), digestive organs (5.5%) and mammary glands (8.5%) among the first-generation cows. Accelerated herd turnover as a result of premature retirement of highly productive cows, necessitates the search for rational ways to increase the natural resistance of the animal organism in conditions of industrial milk production technology aimed at prolonging their productive longevity.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL LAND USE AND EVALUATION OF IMPACT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN BIJNOR DISTRICT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Rashmi Sharma Rawal ◽  
Naresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Agricultural Areas

From the beginning of human life, in the gradual development of its culture, various types of enterprises, businesses, economic activities and social development and its basic needs are obtained from the land. The study of the effects on human behavior and human functioning, the distance of the market from agricultural areas, market prices and agricultural production, demand of agricultural areas as well as the capacity of production, land production, density of cropland etc. were the questions that were studied Studies the impacts on agricultural land from a human social point of view. Agriculture is the most important aspect of the rural economy. Agriculture is the backbone of the sustenance and social development of all living communities. Along with the special production method and social ecologies of the area, the agricultural system and farming community, land ownership, availability of resources, size of holdings, agricultural land use along with social change of human environment has also seen changes in the agricultural state. Researchers by evaluating the effects of agricultural land use on social development in their area of ​​study Bijnor district to maintain the quality of land under environmental balance through scientific techniques and green agricultural development for various long term agricultural needs. There is a need and the plains formed from the fertile land by the rivers Ramganga and Kho are important for agricultural land use and crop production..   Hindi: मानव आदिकाल से ही अपनी संस्कृति के क्रमिक विकास में विभिन्न प्रकार के उद्यम, व्यवसायों, आर्थिक क्रियाकलाप एवं सामाजिक विकास तथा अपनी मूलभूत आवश्यकताओं की पूर्ति भूमि से प्राप्त करता है। मानव व्यवहार एवं मानवीय कार्य प्रणाली पर होने वाले प्रभावों का अध्ययन कृषि क्षेत्रों से बाजार की दूरी ,बाजार का भाव एवं कृषि उत्पादन, कृषि क्षेत्रों की मॉंग के साथ-साथ उत्पादन क्षमता भूमि उत्पादन की क्षमता फसल भूमि की सघनता आदि ऐसे प्रश्न रहे जिनका अध्ययन मानव सामाजिक दृष्टि कोण से कृषि भूमि पर पड़ने वाले प्रभावों का अध्ययन करता है। कृषि ग्रामीण अर्थव्यवस्था का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण पक्ष है। कृषि समस्त जीव समुदाय का भरण-पोषण एवं सामाजिक विकास की रीढ़ होती है। फसलोत्पादन क्षेत्र विशेष उत्पादन विधि तथा वहाँ की सामाजिक पारिस्थितियों से कृषि व्यवस्था एवं कृषक समुदाय , भूमि स्वामित्व, संसाधनों की उपलब्धता, जोत का आकार, कृषि भूमि उपयोग को मानवीय वातावरण के सामाजिक परिवर्तन के साथ-साथ कृषि प्रदेश मे भी परिवर्तन देखा गया है। शोधार्थी अपने अध्ययन क्षेत्र बिजनौर जनपद में कृषि भूमि उपयोग का सामाजिक विकास पर प्रभावों का मूल्यांकन करके उसके भावी नियोजन की आवश्यकताओं को दीर्घकालीन विभिन्न कृषि भूमि उपयोग के वैज्ञानिक तकनीक एवं हरित कृषि विकास के माध्यम से वातावरण सन्तुलन के अन्तर्गत भूमि की गुणवत्ता को बनाये रखने की आवश्यकता है तथा रामगंगा और खो नदियों के द्वारा उपजाऊ भूमि से निर्मित मैदान कृषि भूमि उपयोग एवं फसल उत्पादन के लिये महत्वपूर्ण है।

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE AND RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREEDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
V. V. Machulnyi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Dairy Breed

Milk yield of cows in breeding herds, Cherkassy region, for last completed lactation averaged 6442 kg of milk with 3.62 % fat content. Currently the question of interconnection of cows’ milk production and reproductive capacity is especially important, because the significant increase in milk yields makes minimize calves. The successful conduct of breeding had set the goal to detect the best options for combining milk production and reproductive ability of animals.To characterize the level of milk production including reproductive ability of cows we used indicator of daily average milk yield per one day of periods between calving (PBC). The best service period can be considered period of 51-90 days, that allows you to get one calf per cow per year (average PBC is 351 days) and maintain high milk production (6431 ± 39.6 kg during 305 days of lactation). With this service period all indicators of milk production and reproductive ability are at high level. Reduced service period below recommended levels will reduce the duration of lactation and milk production, and increasing service period will increase the duration of lactation with a simultaneous reduction in milk production for 305 days. Herewith deterioration of reproductive ability is marked and manifested in the increase of the insemination index, decline in the reproductive capacity, increase of periods between calving and as a result, reduce of calves and culling barren cows.Analysis of genealogical structure of the studied herds points to low diversity (Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows belong to 6 lines and Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cows – to 8 ones) with high affinity (by Chief 1427381.62 to R. Sovereign 198998 bloodline, by Starbuck 352790.79 to Elevation 1491007 and Ideal1013415 bloodlines).Genealogical structure of the herds is saturated a lot of bulls genealogical groups of Holstein cattle: Chief 1427381 – 11 bulls in the array of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and 5 ones in Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed, Starbuck 352790.79 – 10 sires in the array of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cattle and 3 ones in Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed, Elevation 1491007.65 – 4 sires in the array of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cattle and 3ones in Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed.Currently the sires of Chief 1427381.62 (7712-3,76-289,9-3,14-242,1), Starbuck 352790 (7857-3,87-295,4-3,07-241,2), Jocko Besne 694028588.94(6687-3,88-259,5-3,03-202,6), and Bell 1667366 bloodlines (61341-3,95-242,3-3,02-185,2) among sires of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cattle and the sires of Cavalier 1620273.72 (7285-3,98-289,9-3,08-224,4), Chief 1427381.62 (7522-3,76-282,8-3,00-225,7),Starbuck 392405 (7667-3,87-296,7-3,00-230,0), and Elevation 1491007.65 bloodlines (7544-3,80-286,7-3,5-230,0) among sires of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed are classified to a highly productive and promising for breeding and wider use by productive qualities.After the first insemination the lowest proportion of fertilized cows is among offspring belonging to Chief 1427381 bloodline which is only 38 % among both breeds. However, the milk yield of breeding stock belonging to this bloodline is 7712 kg with 3.76 % fat content for Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows and 7522 kg of milk with 3.76 % fat content for Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cows. Daughters belonging to Elevation1491007, Valiant 1650414, and Hanover 1629391 bloodlines with yields of 4566-5478 kg of milk per lactation had a part of fertilized cows, after the first insemination, at the level of 41-49 %. Fertilization after the first insemination above 50% was in daughters belonging to Cavalier 1620273.72 (52%), Starbuck 392405(50-55 %), Bell 1667366(56%) and Jocko Besne 694028588.94 bloodlines (64 %). The level of performance of these animals for milk yield ranged from 6134 kg to 7857 kg.Heritability coefficients of milk yield and duration of service period were low (0.118-0.289). A positive correlation can be explained by the fact that extension of service period (to a certain level) leads to growing number of milking days (duration of lactation) and defers a decrease in productivity of cows by physiological reasons, namely as a result of pregnancy. Low rates of heritability indicate little genetic diversity of traits and the significant influence of physiological and environmental factors in their formation.As Ukrainian Black-and-White and Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breeds have a high proportion of heredity of Holstein breed which has genetically large fetus, there is need to study the characteristics of nature passing calving in cows of these breeds. Itis found the number of first-calf heifers which needed help was 52.4%. Animals calve alone in 47.6 % of all cases. Calving was without complications if the live weight of calves not exceeding 6-7% of mother’s weight. The cows calved without help of staff exceeded by 11.7% of the width of the pelvis in the buttocks, 7.5 % of the width of the ilium, and 7.1 % of its oblique length compared with animals of same age.

scholarly journals Location problem of Osmia cornuta nesting aids for optimum pollination

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244610
Author(s):  
Juraj Pekár ◽  
Marian Reiff ◽  
Ivan Brezina
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Location Problem ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Economic Contribution ◽  
Agricultural Business

The economic contribution of insect pollinators is evident as they contribute to higher crop yield quantity and quality. The management of bee species is key to crop production, especially where wild and domesticated bees are in low abundance. Several bee species have been identified as possible candidates for replacing, or at least supplementing, the decreasing number of honey bees. Our research seeks to address the location problem as regards nesting aids for Osmia cornuta bees in orchards using mathematical programming models for determining the optimal location of nesting aids and optimizing the management of solitary bees. A differential evolution algorithm is used to solve a location model of Osmia cornuta nesting aids for optimum pollination. Instead of a random ad hoc location of nesting aids in an orchard, or at the edge of an orchard, we utilize an effective optimization tool to determine locations which will optimize pollination by alternative pollinators, and increase the economic output of an agricultural business. The importance of this proposed model is likely to increase with agricultural intensification, and the decrease of the numbers of wild pollinators.

scholarly journals ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN PONNANIYAR BASIN OF TAMIL NADU BASED ON REGCM 4.4 SIMULATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W6 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
V. Guhan ◽  
V. Geethalakshmi ◽  
R. Jagannathan ◽  
S. Panneerselvam ◽  
K. Bhuvaneswari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Aquacrop Model ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Climate change induced extreme weather events such as drought and flood condition are likely to become more common and associated impacts on crop production will be more without proper irrigation planning. The present investigation was undertaken for assessing the impact of Climate change on tomato yield and water use efficiency (WUE) using AquaCrop model and RegCM 4.4 simulations. The water driven AquaCrop model was validated based on observation of field experiment conducted with four different dates of sowing (1st November, 15th November, 1st December, 15th December) at Ponnaniyar basin, Tiruchirappalli. Validation of AquaCrop model indicated the capability of AquaCrop in predicting tomato yield, biomass and WUE close to the observed data. Seasonal maximum and minimum temperatures over Tiruchirappalli are projected to increase in the mid-century under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Maximum temperature is expected to increase up to 1.7&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C/2.5&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C in SWM and 1.9&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C/2.9&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C in NEM by the mid of century as projected through stabilization (RCP 4.5) and overshoot emission (RCP 8.5) pathways. Minimum temperature is expected to increase up to 1.6&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C/2.2&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C in SWM and 1.6&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C/2.1&amp;thinsp;&amp;deg;C in NEM by the mid of century as projected through stabilization (RCP 4.5) and overshoot emission (RCP 8.5) pathways. Seasonal rainfall over Tiruchirappalli is expected to decrease with RCP4.5 and RCP8.5scenarios with different magnitude. Rainfall is expected to change to the tune of &amp;minus;1/&amp;minus;11 per cent in SWM and &amp;minus;2/&amp;minus;14 per cent in NEM by the mid of century as projected through stabilization (RCP 4.5) and overshoot emission (RCP 8.5) pathways.</p>

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