Chemical characterization, polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of two pitahaya ecotypes (Hylocereus spp.)

Pitahaya has originated worldwide interest due to its content of bioactive compounds with proven beneficial effects on health, acting as antioxidants against free radicals. This study aimed to evaluate the nutraceutical potential of the peel and pulp of the red (Hylocereus monacanthus) and yellow (Hylocereus megalanthus) pitahaya ecotypes for nutritional formulation purposes. Two pitahaya ecotypes were analyzed, obtaining a methanolic extract of the peel and edible part to perform the proximal chemical analysis, the phytochemical screening, and determine antioxidant activity by the DPPH, ABTS, and IC50 methods. Flavonoids, tannins, quinones, among other bioactive compounds were identified. Yellow pitahaya presented higher content of polyphenols and higher antioxidant activity by the ABTS method, while the average inhibition percentage for both ecotypes was 93% by DPPH method. IC50 was higher for the edible part of red pitahaya with 1.68 mg mL-1. Both ecotypes have a high content of polyphenols and a high antioxidant capacity, which agree with those found in different studies such as those of Colombia, Brazil and Korea, being as high or even higher than most varieties of citrus fruits in Peru. Future studies should consider the inclusion of other metabolites and bioactive substances such as betalains due to their antioxidant activity. Both pitahaya ecotypes are rich in antioxidants, bioactive compounds, have low energy density, and may be suitable for food prescriptions as a functional ingredient in food industry.

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Optimization of Natural Antioxidants Extraction from Pineapple Peel and Their Stabilization by Spray Drying

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10061255 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1255

Author(s):

Sofia C. Lourenço ◽

Débora A. Campos ◽

Ricardo Gómez-García ◽

Manuela Pintado ◽

M. Conceição Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Spray Drying ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Food Products ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Pineapple Peel ◽

Dpph Method

Pineapple peel still contains an important amount of phenolic compounds and vitamins with valuable antioxidant activity. In this way, the aim of this study was the recovery of the bioactive compounds from pineapple peel using environmentally friendly and low-cost techniques, envisaging their application in food products. From the solid-liquid extraction conditions tested, the one delivering an extract with higher total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity was a single extraction step with a solvent-pineapple peel ratio of 1:1 (w/w) for 25 min at ambient temperature, using ethanol-water (80–20%) as a solvent. The resulting extract revealed a total phenolic content value of 11.10 ± 0.01 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry extract, antioxidant activity of 91.79 ± 1.98 µmol Trolox/g dry extract by the DPPH method, and 174.50 ± 9.98 µmol Trolox/g dry extract by the FRAP method. The antioxidant rich extract was subjected to stabilization by the spray drying process at 150 °C of inlet air temperature using maltodextrin (5% w/w) as an encapsulating agent. The results showed that the antioxidant capacity of the encapsulated compounds was maintained after encapsulation. The loaded microparticles obtained, which consist of a bioactive powder, present a great potential to be incorporated in food products or to produce bioactive packaging systems.

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The Effects of Bioactive Compounds from Blueberry and Blackcurrant Powder on Oat Bran Pastes: Enhancing In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Raw264.7 Macrophages

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10030388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 388

Author(s):

Xiao Dan Hui ◽

Gang Wu ◽

Duo Han ◽

Xi Gong ◽

Xi Yang Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽

Oat Bran

In this study, blueberry and blackcurrant powder were chosen as the phenolic-rich enrichments for oat bran. A Rapid Visco Analyser was used to form blueberry and blackcurrant enriched oat pastes. An in vitro digestion process evaluated the changes of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant potential of extracts of pastes. The anthocyanidin profiles in the extracts were characterised by the pH differential method. The results showed that blueberry and blackcurrant powder significantly increased the content of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of pastes, while the total flavonoid content decreased after digestion compared to the undigested samples. Strong correlations between these bioactive compounds and antioxidant values were observed. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were used to investigate the intracellular antioxidant activity of the extracts from the digested oat bran paste with 25% enrichment of blueberry or blackcurrant powder. The results indicated that the extracts of digested pastes prevented the macrophages from experiencing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, mainly by the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway. These findings suggest that the bioactive ingredients from blueberry and blackcurrant powder enhanced the in vitro and intracellular antioxidant capacity of oat bran pastes, and these enriched pastes have the potential to be utilised in the development of the functional foods.

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CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY OF GUAPEVA

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452017584 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (spe) ◽

Author(s):

ANA PAULA SILVA SIQUEIRA ◽

JANIELE DE MEDEIROS OLIVEIRA ◽

DIVINO RIBEIRO MACHADO JUNIOR ◽

MARCOS FELIPE DE CASTRO LOURENÇO

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Healthy Diet ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

High Moisture

ABSTRACT Fruits of the Brazilian cerrado usually have typical flavor and high levels of nutrients; however, many of these fruits are little known and marketed. The aim of this study was to chemically and bioactively characterize guapeva fruit, according to standard methodologies. Guapeva has high moisture (65 %) and minerals (1%) content and significant content of phenolic compounds (220 GAE/100g) and consequent antioxidant activity (329.29 µmol/ Trolox eq). This fruit has desirable features to compose a healthy diet and should be further explored in research and economically.

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UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL SPONS Ianthella basta DARI DESA TUMBAK KECAMATAN PUSOMAEN KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA

PHARMACON ◽

10.35799/pha.10.2021.32759 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 713

Author(s):

Nurhati Anton ◽

Adithya Yudistira ◽

Jainer Pasca Siampa

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Coral Reef ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Terrestrial Plants ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Ethanol Extracts

ABSTRACT Sponges are a component of coral reef biota that has bioactive compounds with a greater percentage of activity compared to compounds produced by terrestrial plants. This study aims to determine the presence of antioxidant activity in the ethanol extracts of sponge Ianthella basta from the waters of Tumbak Village. Ianthella basta sponge was extracted using maceration method with 96% ethanol solvent. Antioxidant activity testing was carried out using the DPPH method with a concentration of 100 µg / mL, 75 μg / mL, 50 μg / mL, and 25 μg / mL and Vitamin C p.a as positive control. Each sample was made three repetitions of the test. Testing using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the Ianthella basta sponge had antioxidant activity with a percentage of 48.73% at a concentration of 100 µg / mL. Keywords: Ianthella basta sponge, Antioxidants, Extraction, DPPH ABSTRAK Spons merupakan salah satu komponen biota penyusun terumbu karang yang mempunyai senyawa bioaktif dengan persentase keaktifan lebih besar dibandingkan dengan senyawa-senyawa yang dihasilkan oleh tumbuhan darat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya aktivitas antioksidan di dalam ekstrak etanol Spons Ianthella basta dari perairan Desa Tumbak. Spons Ianthella basta diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode DPPH dengan konsentrasi 100 µg/mL, 75 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, dan 25 µg/mL dan Vitamin C p.a sebagai kontrol positif. Masing-masing sampel dibuat tiga kali pengulangan uji. Pengujian menggunakan alat spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ektrak etanol Spons Ianthella basta memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan persentase sebesar 48,73% pada konsentrasi 100 µg/mL. Kata Kunci: Spons Ianthella basta, Antioksidan, Ekstraksi, DPPH

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Green Extraction Methods for Active Compounds from Food Waste—Cocoa Bean Shell

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9020140 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 140 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Pavlović ◽

Jokić ◽

Jakovljević ◽

Blažić ◽

Molnar

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Cocoa Bean ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Future Trends ◽

Active Compounds ◽

Dpph Method

This is the first report on the extraction of cocoa bean shell (CBS) using deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Screening results with 16 different choline chloride-based DESs showed how choline chloride:oxalic acid DES was the most suitable solvent for the extraction of the bioactive compounds from CBS and that concentrations varied greatly depending on the used solvent. The DES extraction was compared to the DESs coupled with microwave extraction (MAE), and the yields of the extracted compounds were higher for DES/MAE. For theobromine, the obtained yields for DES extraction were 2.145–4.682 mg/g, and for caffeine, were 0.681–1.524 mg/g, whereas for DES/MAE, the same compounds were obtained in 2.502–5.004 mg/g and 0.778–1.599 mg/g. Antioxidant activity was also determined, using DPPH method, obtaining 24.027–74.805% activity for DES extraction and 11.751–55.444% for DES/MAE. Water content significantly influenced the extraction of targeted active compounds from CBS, whereas extraction time and temperature did not show statistically significant influence. The extraction temperature only influenced antioxidant activity. The study demonstrated how extraction using DES and microwaves could be of a great importance in the future trends of green chemistry for the production of CBS extracts rich in bioactive compounds.

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Antioxidant activity and zebrafish teratogenicity of hydroalcoholic Moringa oleifera L. leaf extracts

British Food Journal ◽

10.1108/bfj-02-2020-0113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 122 (10) ◽

pp. 3129-3137

Author(s):

Nurul Fatin Syazleen Mohamad Shariff ◽

Thangam Singgampalam ◽

Chean Hui Ng ◽

Chin Siang Kue

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Zebrafish Embryo ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Aqueous Methanol ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Content Type ◽

Aqueous Ethanolic Extract

PurposeMoringa oleifera (MO) is a herbal remedy that is rich in essential amino acids and phytochemicals in the leaves, seeds and pods. It is becoming a famous food in various ethnic groups, and the consumption is increasing worldwide. However, there is no safety profile of the hydroalcoholic MO leaf extracts, or documented teratogenicity aspect. This study was sought to compare the antioxidant activity and the teratogenicity of hydroalcoholic MO leaf extracts in the zebrafish embryo.Design/methodology/approachMO leaves were extracted with aqueous alcohols (ethanol or methanol: water, 80:20 v/v) using the Soxhlet method. The antioxidant capacity was determined using DPPH assay. The concentrations of extracts ranging from 3 to 1,000 µg/mL were used to examine the toxicity and teratogenicity on the zebrafish embryo.FindingsBoth hydroalcoholic MO leaf extracts were positive for alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, coumarins, quinones and glycosides, except saponins only absent in aqueous methanol extract. The antioxidant capacity based on lC50, was 15.92 ± 3.62 mg/mL for aqueous methanolic and 25.28 ± 2.89 mg/mL for aqueous ethanolic extract. For acute toxicity, the aqueous methanolic extract has lower LC50 (163.87 ± 12.88 µg/mL) compared to aqueous ethanolic extract (337.48 ± 30.04 µg/mL). The embryo treated with aqueous methanolic extract showed phenotypic defect but not on the aqueous ethanolic extract.Originality/valueThis study suggests that aqueous methanol of MO leaves extract has better antioxidant capacity compared to ethanol, and ethanolic leaf extract is safer (higher LC50 and no teratogenicity) than methanolic extract.

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Chemical Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Cedrus atlantica Manetti Tar (Atlas Cedar Tar)

French-Ukrainian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.17721/fujcv8i2p244-255 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 244-255

Author(s):

Inssaf Skanderi ◽

Ourida Chouitah

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Cedrus Atlantica ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽

Total Polyphenolic Content

Cedrus atlantica Manetti Tar was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, it was subjected to analyzes to know their total polyphenolic and condensed tannins contents, also their Ferric-reducing antioxidant power and Total antioxidant capacity. Chemical characterization identified 88 constituents where Himachalene and α-atlantone isomers (14.51 % - 4.07 %), Calacorene (3.52 %) and ar-Turmerone 3.35 %, were the major components, the total polyphenolic content and condensed tannins contents were 57.15 ± 0.15 milligrams equivalent of gallic acid /g tar and 4.41 ± 0.05 milligrams equivalent of catechin /g tar respectively .This extract showed remarkable Ferric-reducing antioxidant power with effective concentration equal to 50 ± 0.075 mg /mL ± 0,00028 and total antioxidant capacity equal to 262.75 mg equivalents of ascorbic acid /g tar ± 14,43. The experimental results indicated that our tar has promotive antioxidant activity.

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Antioxidant Capacity and Polyphenolic Compounds of Blackberries Produced in Different Climates

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci14377-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (12) ◽

pp. 2209-2213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Camila P. Croge ◽

Francine L. Cuquel ◽

Paula T.M. Pintro ◽

Luiz A. Biasi ◽

Claudine M. De Bona

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Varied Chemical ◽

Monomeric Anthocyanins

Antioxidants are compounds with varied chemical structures that are affected by biotic and abiotic factors. The objective of this study was to characterize and compare bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity of fruit from four blackberry cultivars produced under different climatic conditions. Ascorbic acid content, total polyphenols, flavonoids, monomeric anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of the fruit were evaluated, and high levels of bioactive compounds as well as antioxidant activity were observed regardless of the cultivar or growing location. The results showed that bioactive production is affected by the cultivar and environment. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of the blackberry fruit depends on the total phenolics and anthocyanin.

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Is Our Natural Food Our Homeostasis? Array of a Thousand Effect-Directed Profiles of 68 Herbs and Spices

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.755941 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Tamara Schreiner ◽

Dorena Sauter ◽

Maren Friz ◽

Julia Heil ◽

Gertrud Elisabeth Morlock

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

High Performance ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Natural Food ◽

Ionization Mass ◽

Photodiode Array Detection ◽

Bioactive Substances ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Herbs And Spices

The beneficial effects of plant-rich diets and traditional medicines are increasingly recognized in the treatment of civilization diseases due to the abundance and diversity of bioactive substances therein. However, the important active portion of natural food or plant-based medicine is presently not under control. Hence, a paradigm shift from quality control based on marker compounds to effect-directed profiling is postulated. We investigated 68 powdered plant extracts (botanicals) which are added to food products in food industry. Among them are many plants that are used as traditional medicines, herbs and spices. A generic strategy was developed to evaluate the bioactivity profile of each botanical as completely as possible and to straightforwardly assign the most potent bioactive compounds. It is an 8-dimensional hyphenation of normal-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography with multi-imaging by ultraviolet, visible and fluorescence light detection as well as effect-directed assay and heart-cut of the bioactive zone to orthogonal reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromato-graphy−photodiode array detection−heated electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. In the non-target, effect-directed screening via 16 different on-surface assays, we tentatively assigned more than 60 important bioactive compounds in the studied botanicals. These were antibacterials, estrogens, antiestrogens, androgens, and antiandrogens, as well as acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, β-glucuronidase, and tyrosinase inhibitors, which were on-surface heart-cut eluted from the bioautogram or enzyme inhibition autogram to the next dimension for further targeted characterization. This biological-physicochemical hyphenation is able to detect and control active mechanisms of traditional medicines or botanicals as well as the essentials of plant-based food. The array of 1,292 profiles (68 samples × 19 detections) showed the versatile bioactivity potential of natural food. It reveals how efficiently and powerful our natural food contributes to our homeostasis.

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Impact of refrigerated storage on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of two Algerian carrot varieties (Daucus carota L.)

Acta Universitatis Sapientiae Alimentaria ◽

10.2478/ausal-2020-0001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 5-31

Author(s):

L. Arkoub-Djermoune ◽

H. Louaileche ◽

F. Benmeziane ◽

K. Madani ◽

L. Boulekbache-Makhlouf

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Daucus Carota ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Daucus Carota L

Abstract Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is one of the main root vegetables rich in bioactive compounds with appreciable health-promoting properties, largely consumed in Algeria. In the current study, the storage effect (at 4 °C throughout 12 days) on bioactive compound stability and the antioxidant activity of two Algerian orange carrot varieties (Supermuscade and Touchon) were investigated. Total phenolic content of samples was determined by the Folin–Ciocâlteu method. Antioxidant capacity was determined spectrophotometrically, based on the evaluation of Free Radical Scavenging Activity (FRSA) using DPPH radical and Ferric Reducing Power (FRP). The results showed that the Touchon variety is richer in phenolics, flavonoids, and carotenoids and presents higher antioxidant activity in comparison with the Supermuscade variety. At the end of storage, the bioactive compound content and antiradical activity increased significantly (p < 0.05). Also, an extremely significant correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between the antioxidant contents and the antioxidant capacities of aqueous carrot extracts.

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