scholarly journals Development of a mechanism for implementation of a national innovative policy in the energy sector based on Industry 4.0

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4(60)) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Olena Trofymenko
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Functional Components

The object of research is the processes of formation and implementation of mechanisms for innovative development of the energy sector of the national economy in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. It was determined that at the global level, mechanisms for innovative development of industry and energy are formed in the New Industrial Strategy of the European Union (EU), the Paris Climate Agreement, and the fourth energy package of the EU. The challenges of Industry 4.0 necessitate the formation and adaptation of these mechanisms in individual countries to ensure the innovative development of the energy sector in different countries. In the course of the study, the scientific and applied foundations of ensuring the development of the energy sector at the state level have been analyzed. They also used a system-functional approach, methods of structural and functional analysis and functional synthesis, critical analysis of regulatory framework, goals and objectives in the energy sector of the national economy. As a result, a comprehensive mechanism for the implementation of the national innovation policy in the energy sector of the national economy at various levels of the social hierarchy has been proposed. In particular, 5 functional components of the innovative development of the energy sector of the national economy have been identified: 1) productivity of innovation; 2) effectiveness of innovation policy; 3) effectiveness of energy innovation; 4) investment support for innovative development of the energy sector; 5) development of human capital in terms of decarbonization of the economy. On the basis of these components, the main mechanisms have been formed, which make up a comprehensive mechanism for implementing the state policy of innovative development of the energy sector of the national economy, and each of these mechanisms has its own set of implementation tools: economic; motivational; organizational-technological and political-legal. This forms the basis for the implementation of its interfunctionality and ensures its functioning, based on the principle of multilevel (elements relate to the supranational, interstate, national, regional, local and sectoral levels) and is intended to enhance the socio-economic effects of Industry 4.0.

scholarly journals Ukrainian innovative development: problems and paradoxes

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Ljubov Fedulova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Inclusive Policy ◽  
The Government

Relevance of the research. Today's rapid global development is due to the latest technological changes brought about by another (fourth) industrial revolution, which opens up a window of opportunities for many countries to realize their intellectual potential and thus enhance their competitiveness. The innovative imperative, together with the government inclusive policy, remains a key driver of socio-economic growth and sustainable development. The subject of the research is innovative processes in Ukraine and factors that influence their course in the context of implementing the state innovation policy. The purpose of this article is to identify characteristic tendencies of the innovative development of Ukraine, to justify the identified problems and factors of influence, as well as to work out recommendations concerning directions for increasing the effectiveness of innovation policy in the implementation of socio-economic objectives, approved by the authorities. Methodology of work – the principles of innovation theories and economic growth; concepts of open innovation, innovative systems, 4.0-industry; the principles of the scientific and technological paradigm. The state of some innovation indicators has been assessed with the help of statistical analysis. Based on a systematic approach the problems of innovative development of Ukraine have been identified. Structuring and synthesis methods were used to develop proposals for strengthening the role of the innovation factor in ensuring economic growth. The results of the work are the following: the state of innovation processes in Ukraine is carried out and assessed, problems are identified and paradoxes are characterized – all that which makes the realization of the set goals of the state innovation policy more complicated and requires the development of measures to create a new model of the national innovation system. Conclusions. The negative phenomena in the sphere of innovation activity pose a threat to the economic and technological security of Ukraine, which requires urgent actions by both the senior political leadership of the state and the executive authorities at all levels. The creation of the innovative system based on the use of market mechanisms and the state active scientific, technological and innovation policy should be the basis for the development of knowledge-based sectors, their long-term competitiveness within the national borders and in the world markets.

The Theoretical Origins of Management of Innovation Entrepreneurship Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 247-257
Author(s):  
Mariia Buhaieva ◽  
◽  
Sofia Demchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Internal Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Management Of Innovation ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The development of any economic system involves the transformation of the basic characteristics of its participants. In this case, the development itself can be both traditional and innovative. Currently, it is important to consider the innovative type of development at the enterprise level, which means a purposeful process of finding ideas, preparing innovations and their implementation, to increase their efficiency, and for society - to increase needs, the state - to increase the competitiveness of national products in the international market. It is obvious that the development of innovative activity of the enterprise is one of the decisive factors of its successful development. The purpose of this study is a comprehensive study of the theoretical origins of management of innovative entrepreneurship, the formation of a systematic view of the features of innovation management of the enterprise in modern business conditions. A comprehensive study of the theoretical origins of management of innovative entrepreneurship development was carried out, in particular, the emergence of views on the essence of such concepts as “innovation”, “innovative enterprise”, “innovative entrepreneurship”, “development of innovative entrepreneurship” were analyzed in the article. The authors suggest their own interpretation of such categories taking into account the analysis of domestic and foreign approaches and theoretical provisions for this problems in the modern understanding. Also, a systematic presentation of the features of management of the innovative activity of an enterprise in modern economic conditions was formed. The authors believe that for successful management of innovative development of the enterprise there should be a "smart" management system of innovative development of the enterprise. The purpose of the IDE management is to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise - the stable market position for continuous development in a constantly changing external and internal environment. Features of managing the development of innovative entrepreneurship at the present stage are the following: the ability and readiness of the economic entity to positive change, progress; the sequence of management actions that realize the innovation potential; quantitative changes in the relevant "growth points"; qualitative changes based on cooperation and rivalry between market participants for better conditions of production, purchase and sale of goods. It should be noted that management of innovation entrepreneurship development should have the support of the state in the context of Ukraine's innovation policy. The prospects for further research are related to the improvement of the innovation entrepreneurship management system as a key element for increasing the competitiveness of modern enterprises in a constantly changing external and internal environment.

scholarly journals Potential economic effects of climate change on Finnish agriculture

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauri Kettunen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Yield Level ◽  
State Economy ◽  
Fertilizing Effect

In the assessment of the economic effects of climate change, changes in returns and costs have to be taken into consideration. Changes in returns are mainly caused by changes in the yield level. Costs are determined by various factors. Harvesting conditions may improve as the temperatures are higher. However, an increasing need for disease and pest control results in higher costs. Various extensive studies have indicated that rising temperatures with the CO2 fertilizing effect increase the crop potential in Finland. From the economic point of view an increase in yield level is highly significant, because the increase in costs remains quite small, A 10% increase in the yield level raises the farm income by about 6%. Because agriculture is supported in many ways either directly or indirectly, the rise in income level may be offset by lowering the support. Consequently, farmers may not benefit from an increase in the yield level, but the benefit will go to the state economy. However, an increase in the yield level resulting from rising temperatures is advantageous to the national economy, regardless of whether the benefit goes to the farmers or to the state.

scholarly journals Public Administration and Innovation Policy in a Networked Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3604-3609 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
State Management ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Innovative Economy

In modern conditions of global transformations and the growth of crisis phenomena in the global economy, the question of finding and developing alternative economic models becomes urgent. As a tool for stimulating economic development and a new source of growth, innovations and the results of scientific and technological activities were chosen. This approach was theoretically developed and described at the beginning of the last century, but it has become in demand only now. The development of the innovative sector of the economy leads to the emergence of qualitatively new technologies and is non-linear. The complexity of management objects, the dynamism of innovative processes, which, in turn, transform the economy, markets, institutions, are growing. Changing management objects require new scientific theories, management technologies and tools. In this article, the author analyzes modern economic and technological trends, identifies the main scientific theories that describe these processes, identifies trends in changes in management sciences. The article discusses the classification of models of innovative development, outlines the main directions of changes in the state management of innovative development and innovative infrastructure. Based on the study, the systematic changes in the role of the state in building an innovative economy are systematized, the emerging formats of managerial structures and the institutions for the development of innovative infrastructure are described.

An environmental component of securing the national economy’s innovative development in the Industry 4.0

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Lyubov H. Smolyar ◽  
Olha I. Ilyash ◽  
Olena O. Trofymenko ◽  
Iryna M. Dzhadan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Environmental Component ◽  
Stationary Sources

With the development of Industry 4.0, the transformation processes are taking place at the level of the national economy. The needs for energy supply, renewal of fixed assets, expansion of production, and ensuring innovative development are growing. These transformations require the introduction of additional mechanisms to ensure environmental safety. The article investigates the principles of development and functioning of the environmental component of securing the innovative development of the national economy in Industry 4.0. The system of environmental indicators of innovative support of the economy’s industrial and technological development is monitored, namely capital investments in environmental protection, the share of publications in ecology and environment, the share of renewable energy consumption, emissions of pollutants and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. A relatively high emission rate of 0.57 tons of CO2 per $ 1,000 of GDP is set and this figure is graphically visualized in Ukraine and other countries. The distribution of administrative territories according to the level of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from stationary sources is presented. The highest values of pollutant emissions from stationary sources are observed in Donetsk and Dnipropetrovsk regions - 31.4% and 23.4%, respectively. The positive dynamics of the growth of renewable energy capacities is determined. The positive preconditions for the introduction of ecological innovations are identified, namely a new procedure for establishing and distributing the ecological tax, a new state environmental policy, bringing Ukrainian environmental policy in line with the standards of leading countries. Ukraine’s position on the Environmental Efficiency Index is determined. The main measures for the development of the environmental component of the economy in the leading countries are analyzed. Recommendations for improving the state policy of industrial and technological development in the framework of activating the environmental component are provided.

Innovative development of the national university system in Russia: trends and key elements

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy I. Razorenov ◽  
Konstantin V. Vodenko
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
The State ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

PurposeThe goal of the research is to analyze the university development trends in the national innovation system. The paper presents a review of the formation of innovative development strategies and the place of a university in them. The structure is based on the analysis of foreign trends of the transformation of universities and the examination of the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state. Russian experience in the transformation of universities is presented.Design/methodology/approachResearch methodologies include methods of statistical and comparative analysis and synthesis. The information analysis base of the research is composed of the reports of the World Intellectual Property Organization at year-end 2019, as well as global comparative assessments of the status and development of innovation activities by the Global Innovation Index and Global Competitiveness Index, which are calculated according to the methodology of the World Economic Forum and others.FindingsIn the course of research, the authors put forward a new model of universities within the framework of the national innovation system, which is based on the “triple helix model of innovation” implemented by universities, industry and the state. The logic and structure of the research are set forth in the following way. First, a review of the global practice of the formation and implementation of state innovation policy is given, with the university being a key link, the foreign experience in the transformation of universities is analyzed and the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state is examined. Furthermore, consideration is given to the Russian experience in the transformation of universities. In conclusion, the main findings of the research are presented.Practical implicationsResults testify that goals and objectives that can be solved by achieving indicators in the world rankings are important for improving competitiveness of education, but they are only efficient if they conform to management decisions that are taken for achieving them and coincide with strategic goals and directions that should be implemented within the framework of the national innovation and academic system.Originality/valueResearch hypothesis is as follows: modern age is characterized by the rapid development of digital technologies and globalization processes, which transform technologies and cultural patterns into techniques and methods of working with information. Despite the fact that a university is the center for the development of society and culture, which serves as an axiological core, it is subject to the transformation, which is mainly manifested in instrumental changes and the expansion of the social procurement range. The modern educational system is yet to find a contemporary conceptual framework of a university that would satisfy the up-to-date requirements of the global information society in an age of digital revolution and dominate in the educational services market.

scholarly journals Networks as Drivers of National Innovative System Development in the Conditions of Globalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 06019
Author(s):  
Alexander Kurochkin ◽  
Svetlana Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Network Interaction ◽  
Building Information ◽  
The Impact

Research background: The modern social, political and economic challenges of the Fourth Industrial revolution and development of the Network Society actualized the problem of maximizing of effectiveness of innovative policy analysis as one of the key factors of economic and political competitiveness of national states, regions, cities and urban agglomerations in Global World. Purpose of the article: The study focuses on the impact of networking on the effectiveness of national innovative development in the context of globalization. In this vein, the main ways of network interaction are considered and the network model of innovation policy is analyzed. Methods: Modern innovation policy is a synthesis of scientific, economic, industrial, and partly regional policy of the state, aimed at the formation and maintenance of an adequate institutional environment for the process of creating, disseminating and introducing innovations. Thus the key feature of the research methodology is the combination of the New Institutional Approach and the Network Theory. Findings & Value added: The study provides a detailed analysis of international experience in the field of open innovation and innovative development based on network interaction. Moreover, the authors present the classification of countries that are leaders in the process of building information (communicative) and network infrastructure. Particular attention is paid to issues of network interaction at the global level and the case of Russian innovation system in this context.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Development of the Southern Russia Regions in the Industry 4.0: Achievements, Problems, Priorities

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-109
Author(s):  
Elena Inshakova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Federal District ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Communications

The article provides the comparative analysis of the current positions of the regional economic systems of the Southern Federal District (SFD) under the first phase of the fourth industrial revolution in Russia in the following key aspects: socio-economic situation, level of scientific, technological and innovative development, and digital transformation. The broad empirical basis of the study involves the reports of the European Commission, the World Economic Forum, the International Institute for Management Development, the World Intellectual Property Organization, official data from the Rosstat, the Ministry of Economic Development, the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation, the specialized studies of Russian and foreign analytical companies, research divisions of the Higher School of Economics, the Moscow School of Management Skolkovo, the Leontief Center - AV Group Consortium, specialized associations, public organizations, which are summarized in the ranking tables with their subsequent analytical interpretation. The research concluded that, in line with the global trends, achieving high competitiveness by the SFD leading regions and keeping their advanced socio-economic position is supported by their advanced scientific, technological and innovative development, high level of digitalization in all spheres of life, broad application of information and communication technologies by households and organizations, and development of digital skills. In this regard, the author substantiates the necessity of forming a complementary system of human, material and natural, technical and technological, institutional, organizational and informational factors in all the SFD regions to provide the regional economy development in the context of the Industry 4.0 priorities.

scholarly journals Features of Implementation of National Innovative Models of Development in Brazil, Chile and Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
O. A. Dovgal ◽  
◽  
G. V. Dovgal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
The State ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Models Of Development ◽  
Innovative Model ◽  
And Training

The article carries out a comparative analysis of innovative models of development of some countries of South and North America on the example of Brazil, Chile and Mexico, taking into account three components ? science, business communities and the State whose experience can be used by other countries, including Ukraine, in the formation of national innovation policy. It is proved that Brazil’s economy demonstrates the highest rates of modernization and economic development in South America through the introduction of foreign innovations first into large companies, and later – into small innovative enterprises. It is substantiated that the peculiarity of the innovative development of Chile’s economy is the expansion of training of specialists through the system of foreign internships and training of a growing number of students abroad with the further formation of startup commands from domestic specialists who have gained theoretical knowledge and practical experience abroad. It is identified that the innovative model of development of Mexico’s economy is implemented through to the increased interest of the State, aimed at stimulating large companies to implement innovative technologies based on significant amounts of budget expenditures on R&D. It is concluded that macro-economic and foreign economic indicators of the economies of Brazil, Chile and Mexico show the growth of the pace of innovation development of these countries, which characterizes them as potentially strong players on the international stage.

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