scholarly journals Work with Cultural Trauma: the Prescription of the Believers of the Evangelical Churches

TECHNOLOGOS ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 96-111
Author(s):  
Mitrofanova Anastasia
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cultural Trauma ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to the models of sublimation of cultural trauma among believers in the Russian Federation. Research interest was directed to the development of mechanisms for identifying and working out of traumatic experience by the members of various religious communities. The main question of the research is based on the understanding of religion as an actual component of social life, endowed with a compensating function. The presence of elements which help to smooth out the acuteness of feelings and justify the current situation from the standpoint of soteriology makes religion an effective means of supporting the psyche of the individual. The boundaries of the field research concerning religious communities include the territory of the western Cis-Urals (Kama region) as a place of cross-national and cross-religious development. In the field of research attention it was included the members of the local Sunni ummah, evangelical Christians belonging to the communities of the so-called. "Classical" (unregistered) Christians of the Evangelical faith and Baptists belonging to the so-called “Separated brotherhood”, which refused to form legal cooperation with the authorities. A semi-standardized interview was used as a method of collecting information, allowing the elements of departure from the basic set of questions. The principle of selecting respondents was based on attraction of believers whose relatives of older generations suffered from the repressive policy of the Soviet state throughout the entire period of history. In the course of the interpretation of the obtained material is was emphasized the determination of special technologies of a religious nature, which lead to a fundamental change in both the perception of negative events of the past and the assessment of the gained experience. The authors have used the concept of soteriology of trauma as a set of ideas that any persecution against a religious organization plays a positive role, contributes to the spiritual improvement and strengthening of the community. Three models of negative experience sublimation, based on confessional affiliation and determining the perception of trauma, have been identified. The influence of the described models on the life position of believers in relation to personal history is determined. The principles of placing the traumatic experience within the boundaries of the individual worldview through the prism of religious views of the world are formulated.

scholarly journals Loneliness in the older adult marriage

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1319-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Hsieh ◽  
Louise Hawkley
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Social Life ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Marital Dyads ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Support

Marriage protects against loneliness, but not all marriages are equally protective. While marriage is a highly interdependent relationship, loneliness in marital dyads has received very little research attention. Unlike most studies proposing that positive and negative marital qualities independently affect loneliness at the individual level, we used a contextual approach to characterize each partner’s ratings of the marriage as supportive (high support, low strain), ambivalent (high support, high strain), indifferent (low support, low strain), or aversive (low support, high strain) and examined how these qualities associate with own and partner’s loneliness. Using couple data from the Wave II National Social Life, Health and Aging Project ( N = 953 couples), we found that more than half of the older adults live in an ambivalent, indifferent, or aversive marriage. Actor–partner interdependence models showed that positive and negative marital qualities synergistically predict couple loneliness. Spouses in aversive marriages are lonelier than their supportively married counterparts (actor effect), and that marital aversion increases the loneliness of their partners (partner effect). In addition, wives (but not husbands) in indifferent marriages are lonelier than their supportively married counterparts. These effects of poor marital quality on loneliness were not ameliorated by good relationships with friends and relatives. Results highlight the prominent role of the marriage relationship for imbuing a sense of connectedness among older adults and underscore the need for additional research to identify strategies to help older adults optimize their marital relationship.

scholarly journals VISUAL ART AS AN INSTRUMENT OF REORGANIZATION OF POST-CATASTROPHIC MEMORY

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
O. O. Geraschenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Visual Art ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dynamic Movement ◽  
External Turbulence ◽  
Special Meaning

This article provides analysis of the Art approach towards transformation of longstanding traumatic experience in different countries, suggests possible consequences for the society in case if the catastrophic memory remains un-reorganized and grounds conclusion as for need to review approaches towards the later problem in Ukraine. During last three decades of statehood one can observe dynamic movement of Ukraine toward cultural assertion. One of its important elements is the comprehension of public traumatic experience. The latter bares immense importance for the success of Ukraine as a state due to the fact that for generations Ukrainians have been accumulating memory of mournful events that took place in the lives of their ancestors without the possibility to carry out the proper work of sorrow. Topicality of the mentioned problem has a special meaning nowadays considering that the state of Ukraine apt for new bouleversements. In the circumstances of internal and external turbulence conclusion of a new social contract is crucial, at the same time the negative experience of gen- erations which was not proper transformed, does not allow to address current social problems rationally and to consolidate society. Much is already said as for the role of memory in recreation of the past for the sake of the future, but the place of artistic practices in this process remains complex and uncomprehended. How do artistic practices objectivate social life and assist heeling? Visual art resonates with private or collec- tive memory allowing new means of acceptation as well as perceptional rectification and conceptualization of experience associated with sorrow. This article suggests the theoretical and methodological analysis of the “work of sorrow” through the prism of artistic expressions, character- izes their influence of re-organization of traumatic memory and demonstrates the role of visual art as an instrument to operate with reminiscence.

Social characteristic of religious rituals

1997 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Valentyna Bodak
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Social Characteristic ◽  
Religious Rituals

Society is a person in its social relations. If the term "society" is used to determine reality as a system of interconnections and relationships between people, then its social system appears as an entity in which human societies are diverse in character and social role. Social life is expressed in the grouping of members of society on the basis of certain objectively predetermined types of relations between them. The integrity and unity of religious communities, their qualitative specificity determines the content of the doctrine and cult, on which they grow.

Representasi Moralitas Dalam Iklan Teh Botol Sosro Versi “Semeja Bersaudara”

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-59
Author(s):  
Aji Sulistyo
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Television Advertisement ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
The Media ◽  
Promotional Messages ◽  
Social Messages

Television advertisement is an effective medium that aims to market a product or service, because it combines audio and visuals. therefore television advertisement can effectively influence the audience to buy the product or service. Advertisement nowadays does not only convey promotional messages, but can also be a medium for delivering social messages. That is one form of the function of the media, which is to educate the public. The research entitled Representation of Morality in the Teh Botol Sosro Advertisement "Semeja Bersaudara" version analyzed the morality value in a television advertisement from ready-to-drink tea producers, Teh Botol Sosro entitled "Semeja Bersaudara" which began airing in early 2019. In this study researchers used Charles Sanders Peirce's Semiotics theory with triangular meaning analysis tools in the form of Signs, Objects and Interpretations. In addition, researchers also use representation theory from Stuart Hall in interpreting messages in advertisements. The results of this study found that the "Semeja Bersaudara" version of Teh Botol Sosro advertisement represented a message in the form of morality. There are nine values of morality that can be taken in this advertisement including, friendly attitude, sharing, empathy, help, not prejudice, no discrimination, harmony, tolerance between religious communities and cross-cultural tolerance. The message conveyed in this advertisement is how the general public can understand how every human action in social life has moral values, so that the public can understand and apply moral values in order to live a better life.

Victorian Pain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Ablow
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Victorian Literature ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Harriet Martineau ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Natural Philosophers ◽  
First Time

The nineteenth century introduced developments in science and medicine that made the eradication of pain conceivable for the first time. This new understanding of pain brought with it a complex set of moral and philosophical dilemmas. If pain serves no obvious purpose, how do we reconcile its existence with a well-ordered universe? Examining how writers of the day engaged with such questions, this book offers a compelling new literary and philosophical history of modern pain. The book provides close readings of novelists Charlotte Brontë and Thomas Hardy and political and natural philosophers John Stuart Mill, Harriet Martineau, and Charles Darwin, as well as a variety of medical, scientific, and popular writers of the Victorian age. The book explores how discussions of pain served as investigations into the status of persons and the nature and parameters of social life. No longer conceivable as divine trial or punishment, pain in the nineteenth century came to seem instead like a historical accident suggesting little or nothing about the individual who suffers. A landmark study of Victorian literature and the history of pain, the book shows how these writers came to see pain as a social as well as a personal problem. Rather than simply self-evident to the sufferer and unknowable to anyone else, pain was also understood to be produced between persons—and even, perhaps, by the fictions they read.

The True Believers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Risman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Gender Ideology ◽  
Macro Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gendered Expectations

This is the first data chapter. In this chapter, respondents who are described as true believers in the gender structure, and essentialist gender differences are introduced and their interviews analyzed. They are true believers because, at the macro level, they believe in a gender ideology where women and men should be different and accept rules and requirements that enforce gender differentiation and even sex segregation in social life. In addition, at the interactional level, these Millennials report having been shaped by their parent’s traditional expectations and they similarly feel justified to impose gendered expectations on those in their own social networks. At the individual level, they have internalized masculinity or femininity, and embody it in how they present themselves to the world. They try hard to “do gender” traditionally.

Free Agent or ‘Conscious Automaton’? Contrasting Interpretations of the Individual in Spencer's Writing on Social and Moral Life

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Offer
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Philosophical Debate ◽  
Herbert Spencer ◽  
Freedom Of The Will ◽  
Policy Sociology ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Individual

Herbert Spencer remains an important and intriguing figure in thinking about political, social and moral matters. At present his writings in relation to idealist thought, social policy, sociology and ethics are undergoing reassessment. This article is concerned with some recent interpretations of Spencer on individuals in social life. It looks in some detail at Spencer's work on psychology and sociology as well as on ethics, seeking to establish how Spencer understood people as social individuals. In particular the neglect of Spencer's denial of freedom of the will is identified as a problem in some recent interpretations. One of his contemporary critics, J.E. Cairnes, charged that Spencer's own theory of social evolution left even Spencer himself the status of only a ‘conscious automaton’. This article, drawing on a range of past and present interpretative discussions of Spencer, seeks to show that Spencerian individuals are psychically and socially so constituted as to be only indirectly responsive to moral suasion, even to that of his own Principles of Ethics as he himself acknowledged. Whilst overtly reconstructionist projects to develop a liberal utilitarianism out of Spencer to enliven political and philosophical debate for today are worthwhile – dead theorists have uses – care needs to be taken that the original context and its concerns with the processes associated with innovation (and decay) in social life are not thereby eclipsed, the more so since in some important respects they have recently received little systematic attention even though the issues have contemporary relevance in sociology.

High-Resolution Facial Feature Saliency Mapping

Perception ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel D Haig
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Facial Feature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Comparison Process ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Feature Saliency ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Computational Speed ◽  
The Individual

For recognition of a target there must be some form of comparison process between the image of that target and a stored representation of that target. In the case of faces there must be a very large number of such stored representations, yet human beings seem able to perform comparisons at phenomenal speed. It is possible that faces are memorised by fitting unusual features or combinations of features onto a bland prototypical face, and such a data-compression technique would help to explain our computational speed. If humans do indeed function in this fashion, it is necessary to ask just what are the features that distinguish one face from another, and also, what are the features that form the basic set of the prototypical face. The distributed apertures technique was further developed in an attempt to answer both questions. Four target faces, stored in an image-processing computer, were each divided up into 162 contiguous squares that could be displayed in their correct positions in any combination of 24 or fewer squares. Each observer was required to judge which of the four target faces was displayed during a 1 s presentation, and the proportion of correct responses for each individual square was computed. The resultant response distributions, displayed as brightness maps, give a vivid impression of the relative saliency of each feature square, both for the individual targets and for all of them combined. The results, while broadly confirming previous work, contain some very interesting and surprising details about the differences between the target faces.

The Nature of Political Thought

1923 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-215
Author(s):  
Raymond G. Gettell
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Philosophy Professor ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
The Individual

In the introduction to his readings in political philosophy, Professor Coker says, “since the time of Plato there has been, in every philosophic age, some inquiry as to the justification of political organization in general, as to the relative merits of different political forms, and as to the appropriate position and privileges of the individual as master, member, or subject of the political order of society. Why do we have political organization? What in our present condition do we owe to it? What future benefits may we properly expect to derive from it? Are its purposes characteristically manifold and changing, or are they ultimately reducible to a few limited objects or to some single end? What is its best form? Who should control it? What is its proper relation to the ideas and sentiments of the community at its basis? What spheres of individual and social life is it incompetent to enter? Philosophers and publicists of various types have sought to answer these questions in abstract terms.”If an analysis be made of the questions with which political thought has been concerned, it is found that emphasis was placed at various periods upon widely different types of problems. In the medieval period political controversy centered in the contest for supremacy between spiritual and temporal authorities; in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the dominant interest was in the contest between monarchic and democratic theories of political organization; at present, the extent of state activities has come into prominence, and the connection between political and economic interests is especially close. Besides, political conditions have changed so greatly from age to age that the same problem had quite different meanings at different periods.

scholarly journals Territoriality Beyond the State: The EU’s Territorial Claims and the Search for Their Legitimacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-672
Author(s):  
Josef Weinzierl
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Political Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Eu Law ◽  
European Level ◽  
Territorial Claims ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Eu

AbstractQuite a few recent ECJ judgments touch on various elements of territorial rule. Thereby, they raise the profile of the main question this Article asks: Which territorial claims does the EU make? To provide an answer, the present Article discusses and categorizes the individual elements of territoriality in the EU’s architecture. The influence of EU law on national territorial rule on the one hand and the emergence of territorial governance elements at the European level on the other provide the main pillars of the inquiry. Once combined, these features not only help to improve our understanding of the EU’s distinctly supranational conception of territoriality. What is more, the discussion raises several important legitimacy questions. As a consequence, the Article calls for the development of a theoretical model to evaluate and justify territoriality in a political community beyond the state.

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