scholarly journals Production of Ecologically Safe Products When Processing Plants with a Preparation Based on Biohumus

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Olga Zakharova ◽  
Farrukh Musaev ◽  
Mustafa Mustafayev ◽  
Dmitry Kucher ◽  
Farid Mustafayev
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Drug Solution

Biohumus-based preparations are widespread in agricultural production due to the high content of nutrients for plants, which improve their growth and development and, as a result, productivity. GTK indicates sufficient moisture during the growing season, but, given the nature of precipitation, in certain periods, pea plants that are sensitive to moisture, experience a lack of it in the soil and atmospheric air. The research was carried out in the farm Belousov I.V. of Starozhilovsky district. The area of plots is 40 m2. Water for the preparation of the drug solution was taken from a pond located 20 m from the pea field. The object of the study is the seed pea (Pisumsativum), which belongs to the Fabaceae family, the genus Pisum, which forms nodules on metamorphosed roots. As a result, there is a different intensity of nutrient and water consumption in ontogenesis. Watering and spraying pea plants with Humistar preparation made it possible to reliably prove high agronomic and economic efficiency in option 2: activation of enzymes, an increase in the mass of nodules on roots to 69 mg/plant, an improvement in growth to 57 cm and plant development by 5–15 days, an increase in peas yield up to 27,7 dt/ha, accumulation of dry matter in seeds up to 59 g and an increase in the level of profitability up to 80,7%.

A SURVEY OF COMPOSITION AND HEAT DAMAGE IN DEHYDRATED ALFALFA PRODUCTS OVER THE GROWING SEASON FROM TWO B.C. PROCESSING PLANTS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. SHELFORD ◽  
E. B. CATHCART ◽  
R. T. FRANCE ◽  
J. L. DOBB
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Main Factor

Samples of forages were collected throughout the growing season from two dehydrating plants at three different stages of processing: prior to drying, after drying and after pelleting. Samples were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, fibre, nitrogen content of the acid detergent fibre and pepsin insoluble nitrogen. On the average the amount of heat damage present in the dehydrated samples was quite low (6.11 ADIN % N). There was significantly more heat damage in the samples from the Creston plant. The dry matter content of the material leaving the drier appears to be the main factor related to elevated heat damage.

scholarly journals Influence of seeding density and fertilizing on water consumption, growth and development of maize hybrids

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
V.I. Polyakov ◽  
L.M. Karpuk ◽  
I.D. Prymak
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Seeding Density ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Consumption Growth ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
The Difference

We presented the analysis of water consumption, growth, and development of maize hybrids depending on crops and fertilizer density. We conducted our research under Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University (Ukraine) educational and production center conditions in 2017-2019. During the active growing season of corn plants (June), moisture reserves in the 0-20 cm layer of the soil decrease to the level of unsatisfactory, and the plants experience a lack of moisture. Although, as results of defining moisture stocks in 0-100 cm layer of soil show, plants begin to assimilate it in the third ten-day period of May actively, and there is a sharp transition to good moisture stocks in the first ten-day period of June and to poor ones in the second and third ten-day periods of June. Cultivation of maize hybrids with FAO over 400 in unstable moisture conditions is quite risky because plants experience a significant lack of moisture in periods of their active growth and development. We have proved that at the density of crops within 55000/ha, the highest coefficients of water consumption were observed compared to plant densities of 65000 and 75000/ha. At hybrid DO Pivikha, the difference between average values of coefficient of water consumption at densities of crops 65000 and 75000/ha, was 25.5 and 46.75 m3/t, at hybrid DO ORLIK – 14.25 and 41.0 m3/t and at hybrid DO SARMAT respectively 17.5 and 39.0 m3/t. We found that the mineral system of fertilization compared with the organic-mineral and organic promotes water consumption growth per unit production in DN Pivikha by 4-15 m3/t, in DN ORLIK by 1-7 m3/t, and in DN SARMAT by 7-15 m3/t. The obtained patterns, for the most part, do not exceed the value of NIR0.05. In general, the duration of the growing season of the plants of the hybrid DO Pivikha was 109 days, and the hybrid DO ORLIK was 122, and the hybrid DO SARMAT was 129 days. These hybrids were in optimal conditions for growth and development and met the declared values of FAO, since for PO Pivikha, the limits of the optimal duration of the vegetation period were determined as 107-115 days, for the hybrid DO ORLIK - 120-125, and for the hybrid DO SARMAT - 128-130 days.

Optimizing growth and development of 2-0 Douglas-fir seedlings by altering light intensity

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan P. Drew
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Planting Stock

Douglas-fir (Pseudotsitgamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings were grown outdoors in pots under 71% of full light the first growing season and full light the second. Another group of seedlings was given full light continuously for 2 years. At the end of the 1st year, seedlings given initial shade had grown larger in total weight (root + shoot) than those grown under full light. With removal of shading, the larger plants with lower shoot/root ratios began to allocate increased dry matter to root development relative to their shoots. By the end of 2 years, shoot/root ratios for the two groups were no different, yet the plants shaded in their 1st year were 69% larger in dry weight. By proper use of shading during development, larger 2-0 planting stock having good root development may be produced. Such stock, grown without the use of costly fertilizer, may be better suited to regeneration of droughty sites in the Northwest than the usual 2-0 planting stock, nursery grown under full light.

scholarly journals Substrates and Fertilization of Mamacadela

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Kátia Freitas Silva ◽  
Luciana Borges e Silva ◽  
Elias Emanuel Silva Mota ◽  
Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso ◽  
Mônica Ferreira de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
System Length ◽  
Different Doses

The Cerrado has fruit species of great potential of use in commercial systems of agricultural production. They are obliged to carry out studies on the production of seedlings, contributing to a perpetuation of these species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different substrates and different doses of Basacote® on the emergence and early development of B. gaudichaudii plants. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the experimental area of the Goiano Federal Institute-Campus Ceres. Experiment 1 was composed of six treatments (six compositions) and experiment 2 consisted of 5 treatments (five doses of Basacote®). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates and 12 plants per experimental plot. The variables analyzed were emergence, height, lap diameter, number of leaves, root system length, survival rate and fresh and dry matter of the aerial part and root system. The substrate composed of bovine manure + Plantmax® + soil provides better conditions for growth and development of mamacadella plants. The mamacadela seedlings do not tolerate high levels of organic matter in the substrate. For the production of Brosimum gaudichaudii seedlings the use of the 6.48 g dose of Basacote® plant-1 is indicated.

scholarly journals VARIETY RESOURCES OF ALFALFA IN THE INTENSIFICATION OF FIELD FEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Nadiia Hetman
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
The Third ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
The Right

In the soil and climatic conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe, regardless of the action of abiotic and biotic factors during the growing season, high adaptability of alfalfa was established for different geographical origins, namely the natural zone of the Forest-Steppe, Polissya, Steppe Ukraine and Serbia. It was found that under the weather conditions of 2016 year alfalfa varieties reacted differently to changes in temperature and moisture during the growing season. It is important to note the effectiveness of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers applied directly to alfalfa coverless method of sowing. In the year of sowing, alfalfa formed a powerful herbage and provided two slopes with a yield of green mass at the level of 20,13-29,80 t/ha with a dry matter yield of 4,80-6,69 t/ha. For the second year of vegetation, alfalfa was carried out according to the regimes, which considered the phases of growth and development (budding, beginning of flowering and flowering). In the first mode of cutting management (all slopes in the budding phase) it is advisable to identify three varieties of Unitro, Nasoloda and Rosana, which provided a gross dry matter of 10,41-10,48 and 2,29-2,31 t/ha of crude protein. The productivity of alfalfa increased with late term cutting - at the beginning of flowering and a combination of slopes (3rd mode). The dry matter yield was 11,40-12,62 and 2,35-2,51 t/ha of crude protein (second regime) and the indicators increased under the third regime, especially dry matter 13,58-15,80 t/ha and decreased to 2,37-2,41 t/ha of crude protein. The increase in dry matter of the second mode increased by 9,5-23,1% and crude protein by 2,6-20,5%, and in the third mode of use of alfalfa it was 2,3-11,2%, compared to the mode of mowing the grass in the budding phase. During the third year of vegetation under favorable agroecological conditions for growth and development of alfalfa plants, the studied varieties provided four slopes regardless of the mode of use of grass with a dry matter yield of 15,43-20,58 and 3,21-4,02 t/ha of crude protein. During the second and third years of vegetation from the studied modes of use of alfalfa grass for fodder purposes, the highest yield of crude protein 5,27-6,53 t/ha varieties provided for the alienation of crops at the beginning of the flowering phase, which was on average 6,0-7,1% higher than when mowing all slopes in the budding phase and a combination of slopes in the phases of growth and development (3rd mode). Thus, in the conditions of the Forest-Steppe of the right bank on gray forest soils alfalfa, regardless of geographical origin, adapted to growing conditions and provided stable productivity indicators regardless of the regime of grass use with observance of elements of cultivation technology.

scholarly journals Urban trees assimilation efficiency and assessment of environment quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Author(s):  
P. S. Hnativ ◽  
N. J. Lopotych ◽  
B. I. Parkhuts ◽  
O. V. Haskevych ◽  
N. Iu. Veha
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Functional Adaptation ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Exotic Tree

The conception of functional adaptation of woody plants in the changing conditions of natural ecotopes and the urban ecosystem is substantiated. The new integrated methods for estimation of the natural environment transformation under the pressure of urbanization are suggested. The objects of our research are 49 species and forms of woody plants inhabiting the urban ecosystem of Lviv, natural and artificial tree stands of Ukrainian regions. Also, we focused our attention on the anthropotransformation of microclimate, soil changing in tree plantations and problems of edaphotopes contamination. The main subject of the original plant studies were the general phenotypic functional changes in the assimilation apparatus of tree species, which can be estimated by the complex of conventional and new indicators of chemical and biochemical composition of leaf dry matter from ecotopes with different living conditions and origin. We investigated the morphological, physiological and biochemical reactions of assimilating organs of woody plants affecting their growth and development in the conditions of the Lviv city and in the natural conditions of forests and parks. As a result of long-term studies of such reactions, we have suggested an original methodological approach to elucidating the levels of phenotypic functional adaptation. Also, the ability of autochthonous and allochthonous (exotic) tree species to adapt their growth and development to new or modified anthropogenic environment has been studied out. The average level of sugars in the leaves during vegetation was considered as a normal level with the maximum at the beginning, and subsequent decrease in the middle while the minimum of content was determined at the end of the growing season. The appropriate character of starch metabolism are displayed by average levels in different species, with the maximum concentration in July and subsequent minimization of their content at the end of the growing season. The naturally determined dynamics of fiber (cellulose) concentrations implies gradual decline in the period from spring to autumn of its proportion in the leaves dry matter at the high level of concentration, similarly as in the native species. The gradual increase in the proportion of all water-soluble carbohydrates about insoluble in adapted native plants was considered as a natural. A small amount of sugars in a ratio with the general concentration of ash in the leaves at the end of the growing season, we consider as auspicious. Suggested by us clusterization of native and exotic tree species concerning of the efficiency of their introduction in different urban plantations, and depending on the degree of anthropogenic ecotope transformation, allows diversely and effectively recommend different tree species and their forms in varied scopes of application. We used indicators of phenotypic functional adaptation while inventorization of Lviv botanical gardens collections has taken place. The informative criteria for assessing the status of plants, selection of resistant local and introduced individuals with high adaptive potential were elicited by mentioned above indices. A comprehensive approach to the study of ecotope qualities is effective for assessing the acclimatization conditions for tree exotics in the botanical gardens of Western Ukraine and for developing agrotechnical measures for their cultivation.

scholarly journals Growth and development of Lycium barbarum L. in the environment of Samarkand in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-282
Author(s):  
Nodira Nurullayeva ◽  
Khislat Haydarov ◽  
Zebiniso Umurzakova ◽  
Dilfuza Safarova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
The Family

Shrub Lycium barbarum belongs of the family Solanaceae, is introduced and does not occur naturally in Uzbekistan. Despite its numerous medicinal characteristics, in Uzbekistan, its growth and development have not been studied. Therefore, our primary goal was to study the germination of seeds, stages of ontogenesis and some morphological signs of fruits. The highest seed germination rate of 74±0,12% as at the 20 degree C. When studying ontogenesis, plant development was divided into ten stages and four periods. The pre-reproductive period lasted 1-2 years. The reproductive period was determined for 2-3 years from the beginning of the growing season. For several months, an analysis of the changes in the morphological characteristics of the fruits of L. barbarum was carried out and in May, relatively large ripened fruits were determined (length 2.18 ± 0.09, width 1.14 ± 0.11).

The Main Directions of Improving the Environmental and Economic Efficiency of Regional Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 631
Author(s):  
Irina SYCHEVA ◽  
Olga VORONKOVA ◽  
Tatiana VOROZHEYKINA ◽  
Gulnara YUSUPOVA ◽  
Albina SEMENOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Aggregate Estimation ◽  
Regional Production ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Regional Authorities

The paper provides theoretical grounding and the directions for improving the economic efficiency of the regional feedstuff production. The study develops a conceptual model of distributing management functions of feedstuff production between the regional authorities of state sectoral and economic management and the district level. The authors suggest the methodology for calculating potential capacity of intraregional feedstuff market, considering the demands of all categories of agricultural manufacturers. The study examines possibilities for implementing the strategy of diversified growth and development of the intraregional feedstuff market, including the terms of interaction between the large and micro-business inside the industry and cooperation of micro-business feedstuff manufacturers with agricultural production. The authors have developed the methodology for assessing the efficiency of feedstuff production, based on the aggregate estimation of the management organization, conditions for the development of feedstuff production and changes in the feedstuff production and livestock breeding industry.

scholarly journals The efficiency of the different elements of spring barley growing organic technology in the conditions the eastern steppe of Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
Vinyukov Alexandrovitch ◽  
Bondareva Braunovna ◽  
Vinyukova Borisovna
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Best Parameters

The effectiveness the use of new nutrient complexes is studied. It is set that a combination of nutrient complexes with organic and organicmineral nutrition background promotes to good growth and development of plants during the growing season, provides the best parameters of crop yield structure and the crop yield and economic efficiency of spring barley cultivation in the condition of the Eastern Steppe of Ukraine.

THE EFFECTS OF HYBRID MATURITY, DATE OF PLANTING, AND DATE OF HARVESTING ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF FORAGE MAIZE

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1367-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. FAIREY
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Linear Rate ◽  
Early Planting ◽  
Maturity Date ◽  
Stem Leaf

A study was conducted to concurrently evaluate the influence of hybrid maturity, date of planting and date of harvesting on the growth and development of forage maize in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia. The maturities of the four hybrids ranged from 2600 to 3300 corn heat units (CHU). There was an early (29 April) and a later date of planting (20 May) with three dates of harvesting (15 and 29 Sept., 13 Oct.). Early planting increased leaf area/plant in mid-July but resulted in shorter plants at maturity with smaller maximum leaf areas. Early planting increased dry matter (DM) yields of shoots (total forage) and grain by 1.0 and 1.9 t/ha, respectively, and resulted in 0.9 t/ha reduction in stover (stem + leaf + husk) DM yield. The hybrid that produced the highest grain yields and had the greatest proportion of DM as grain was outyielded for shoot DM production by a lower grain-yielding hybrid. Shoot DM yields did not increase significantly between the second and final dates of harvesting, whereas grain DM yield and the proportion of shoot DM as grain continued to increase with each successive harvest. Over the 4-wk harvesting period, the DM content of the grain increased, on average, at a rate of 4% per week whereas the DM content of the stover increased by about 1% per week; shoot DM content increased at 2% per week. For the periods of grain growth studied, shoot DM content (%) of each hybrid responded to the CHU accumulated from 50% silking to harvest at an equal and linear rate, with each 1% increase in shoot DM content requiring 41 CHU. However, the four hybrids were grouped in two pairs with significantly different y-intercepts (at shoot DM contents of −0.3 and 1.6%). The differences in CHU requirement during grain filling might be genetically exploited to improve the productivity of forage maize without reducing DM content. The importance of selecting hybrids of appropriate maturity and of maximizing the use of the growing season to produce high-quality forage in marginal maize growing regions is emphasized.

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