scholarly journals DISTRIBUTION OF MICA ALLELES IN THE RUSSIAN POPULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 959-964
Author(s):  
L. M. Kanevskiy ◽  
M. V. Grechikhina ◽  
E. G. Kuzmina ◽  
T. Yu. Mushkarina ◽  
A. A. Spelkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocytes ◽  
The World ◽  
Tumor Transformation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Nkg2d Receptor ◽  
A Current

Stress factors, infections, tumor transformation of the cells of organism induce the expression of MICA protein, which is a ligand for the NKG2D receptor of NK and T cells. The interaction of the NKG2D receptor on the surface of the cells of the immune system with MICA results in activation of lymphocytes and elimination of the ligand carrier. The MICA gene has a high level of polymorphism. To date, 87 alleles have been described; their products differ in ability to activate cytotoxic lymphocytes, that can affect the progression of a number of diseases, such as cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases. The distribution of MICA alleles in different ethnic groups varies considerably. The analysis of MICA polymorphism in a current ethnos is necessary for revealing the relationships between certain MICA alleles and different diseases. Goal. This work is aimed at studying of the distribution of MICA alleles in Russian population. Materials and methods. Polymorphism of MICA was analyzed according to the procedure proposed by Yizhou Zoe and Peter Stastny. The procedure included: 1) isolation of genomic DNA from whole blood; 2) PCR for amplification of a fragment of the MICA gene; 3) sequencing of the resulting PCR fragments. Analysis of the results of sequencing was carried out using the programs Vector NTI and Chromas Lite. Results. The genotype of the MICA alleles of 119 donors has been determined. Of the 87 MICA alleles described in the literature, 15 were found among the samples studied. The frequencies of MICA alleles were the following: *002 – 19.3%, *004 – 6.7%, *007 – 3.0%, *008 – 35.7%, *009 – 10.1%, *010 – 5.0%, *011 – 3.8%, *012 – 2.1%, *016 – 2.5%, *017 – 3.4% *018 – 5.5%, *019 – 0.4%, *027 – 1.3%, *053 – 0.8%, *068 – 0.4%. The distribution of MICA alleles in Russia was found to be similar to that of European countries. When comparing literary data for different countries of the world, it was found that the differences in the distribution of MICA alleles are expressed mainly between races, and not nations. Conclusions. In this paper, the distribution of MICA alleles in Russian population has been analyzed. It turned out to be very similar to those of other European countries and has a number of significant differences from the ethnoses of the Mongoloid race (Japan, China, Korea). The analysis of the distribution of MICA alleles in the Russian population may be useful for identifying the predisposition of individuals to certain diseases.

Análisis de las interrelaciones entre la evolución de la flota atunera española y el sector conservero

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Juan José García del Hoyo ◽  
Ramón Jiménez Toribio ◽  
Félix García Ordaz
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Joint Ventures ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Canned Tuna ◽  
The World ◽  
Canning Industry ◽  
A Current

The objective of this paper is to analyse the fish processing sector in general, and, specifically looking at canned tuna. In this regard, the tuna canning industry and its market in Spain from 1900 to nowadays are described, being one of the most important in the world. This industry has proved to be competitive enough to survive the globalisation process as opposed to all other European countries. Its main characteristics, its strengths and its weaknesses are shown.The evolution and the current situation of production, imports and exports of canned tuna are studied. Additionally, the evolution of the tuna fleet, ship- owning companies and joint ventures in third countries is presented.To sum up, this study provides a current overview of the fish processing sector, and its evolution throughout history. Interesting conclusions are drawn about the situation of the sector using causality analysis techniques for time series.

scholarly journals High Level of Interaction between Phages and Bacteria in an Artisanal Raw Milk Cheese Microbial Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Lopes Queiroz ◽  
Gustavo Augusto Lacorte ◽  
William Ricardo Isidorio ◽  
Mariza Landgraf ◽  
Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

Endogenous starter cultures are used in the production of several cheeses around the world, such as Parmigiano Reggiano, in Italy, Epoisses, in France, and Canastra, in Brazil. These microbial communities are responsible for many of the intrinsic characteristics of each of these cheeses. Bacteriophages are ubiquitous around the world, well known to be involved in the modulation of complex microbiological processes. However, little is known about phage bacteria growth dynamics in cheese production systems, where phages are normally treated as problems, as the viral infections can negatively affect or even eliminate the starter culture during production. Furthermore, a recent metagenomic based meta-analysis has reported that cheeses contain a high abundance of phage-associated sequences. Here, we analyse the viral and bacterial metagenomes of Canastra cheese, a tradition artisanal cheese produced using an endogenous starter culture. We observe a very high phage diversity level, mostly composed of novel sequences. We detect several metagenomic assembled bacterial genomes at strain level resolution, and several putative phage-bacteria interactions, evidenced by the recovered viral and bacterial genomic signatures. We postulate that at least one bacterial strain detected could be endogenous to the Canastra region, in Brazil, and that its growth seems to be modulated by native phages present in this artisanal production system. This relationship is likely to influence the fermentation dynamics and ultimately the sensorial profile of these cheeses, with implications for all cheeses that employ similar production processes around the world.

scholarly journals Turkey’s Export Potential: A Gravity Model Analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sezai Ata
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Gravity Model ◽  
World Economy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Set Up ◽  
High Level

Given the high level of integration of the world economy, foreign trade has become very important for the development of a country. Even though Turkey exports goods and services to the majority of countries in each continent, until recently Turkey has basically focused on exports to developed European countries. The main purpose of this study is to analyze Turkey's export potential with the help of the gravity model. For this purpose, first a gravity model has been set up using panel data which consists of bilateral data for 68 countries for the period 1980-2009, and then Turkey’s exports potential to 67 countries, accounting for more than 90 percent of Turkey’s total exports, has been calculated. The most important finding of the study is that Turkey’s exports in general is below potential and there is a further room for increasing exports. In this context, according to our analysis, while Turkey’s export potential has been used up especially for developed European countries, high levels of untapped export potential exists for the majority of neighboring countries and for some of the developing countries. Another finding from this study is that trade between two countries increases proportional to their GDPs and decreases proportional to the distance between them. While the existence of features such as common language, contiguity, being parts of the same state in the past and using the same currency increases the trade between two countries, the effect of some variables on trade such as the real exchange rate depends on countries' level of development.

Desecularization as Phenomenon at the Turn of 21st Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Sergey V.  Lebedev ◽  
Galina N.  Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Islamic Revolution ◽  
Islamic Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
Rational Alternative ◽  
Role Of Religion

In the article the authors note that since the 1970s, with the rise of the Islamic movement and the Islamic revolution in Iran, philosophers and political scientists started to talk about religious renaissance in many regions of the world. In addition, the point at issue is the growing role of religion in society, including European countries that have long ago gone through the process of secularization. The reasons for this phenomenon, regardless of its name, are diverse, but understandable: secular ideologies of the last century failed to explain the existing social problems and give them a rational alternative.

PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD PRODUCTION OF FEEDS FOR AQUACULTURE: ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF RAW MATERIALS

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Lina Yurievna Lagutkina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Trends ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
World Industry ◽  
First Time ◽  
A Current

The author of the article discloses the prospects of development of the world feed production for aquaculture based on the analysis of key innovative technological and market trends. The author specifies that shortage, high cost, low ecological compatibility of traditional raw materials - fish flour - are among major limiting factors in the development of production of feeds for aquaculture. This fact, in turn, limits sustainable development of aquaculture both in Russia, and in the world in general. The article presents the overview of a current status of the world industry of feed production in aquaculture, where the regional situation is studied, as well. For the first time, there is given the outlook of innovative technologies in feed production based on the alternative sources of protein (on the example of projects of leading aquabiotechnological companies) which will determine industry’s objectives for the mid-term perspective.

Possible preventive measures against the spread of COVID-19- A Review article

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 475-481
Author(s):  
Jotheeswari P ◽  
Yuvaraj M ◽  
Balaji K ◽  
Gunapriya Raghunath ◽  
Kumaresan M
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
Precautionary Measure ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
The World ◽  
Base Of Support ◽  
A Current ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

COVID-19 is a current sensational and dangerous threat that affects millions of people across the world. As the day progresses the rate of growth of COVID-19 drastically increases. No vaccine or specific antiviral drug are active against corona, therefore, preventing the exposure to the virus is the base of support against its spread across the world. Despite the implementation of preventive measures, the rate of virus-infected cases progressively increases which stimulates our thought process to raise a question, whether the preventive measures that we follow are effective against the spread of COVID-19 infection. Evidence from previous literature obtained from various online tools implies multiple preventive measures that should be followed and also illustrates their mechanism of action against the active spread of COVID-19 infection. According to the results from the evidence, we can identify the gold standard preventive measure among the described preventive measures. The precautionary measure encompasses both pharmaceutical interventions and non- pharmaceutical interventions among which non-pharmaceutical measures are superior in the prevention of the developing pandemic. Among the non-pharmaceutical interventions, social distancing is the paramount to other measures in the mitigation of the spread of viral infection.

Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
American University ◽  
The North ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
High Level ◽  
Education And Development

“The real treasure is in the minds of our children, and all we have to do is extract it.” Her Majesty Queen Rania Al Abdullah writes in website Queen Rania Foundation For Education And Development www.qrf.org/en. Rania Al Yassin was born on August 31, 1970. She obtained her Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration from the American University of Cairo in 1991. She applied this, first, to a banking career in Jordan and, later, to the information technology sector. After marrying Prince Abdullah bin Al Hussein on June 10, 1993, they went on to have four children: Prince Hussein, Princess Iman, Princess Salma, and Prince Hashem. In addition to being a wife and mother, Queen Rania works hard to lift the lives of Jordanians by supporting their endeavours and helping to create new opportunities for them. Locally, she is committed to breathe new life into the public education system; empower communities and women especially through microfinance initiatives; protect children and families; and drive innovation, technology and entrepreneurship, especially amongst young people. Internationally, Queen Rania is an advocate for tolerance, compassion and bridge building between people of all cultures and backgrounds. Her efforts to simultaneously challenge stereotypes of Arabs and Muslims, and promote greater understanding and acceptance between people of all faiths and cultures, have won her global recognition. Her Majesty’s passion is education. She believes that every Jordanian girl and boy, and all children, should have access not only to stimulating classrooms and modern curricula, but inspiring teachers and technology that can connect Jordan’s children to the world and the world to Jordan’s children. Her efforts in the education sector complement the work of the Ministry of Education through initiatives such as the Jordan Education Initiative, the Queen Rania Teachers Academy, Madrasati, Edraak and others. To realize these and so much more, Queen Rania has encouraged private sector partners to drive improvements and strengthen the foundations of Jordan’s education system. Queen Rania is also a global voice for access to quality education for children around the world. In 2009, Her Majesty championed the 1 Goal campaign for education; she is Honorary Chair of the UN Girl’s Education Initiatives and has advocated access to education in forums and gatherings around the world. Her work and her efforts to improve the learning opportunities for children have been recognized at the highest levels, nationally, regionally and internationally. Additionally, through her position on their boards, Her Majesty contributes to the work of the United Nations Fund and the World Economic Forum. She is the Eminent Advocate for UNICEF; and she was part of the UN appointed High Level Panel who advised on the shape and content of the Sustainable Development Goals which aim to improve the lives of millions of people before 2030. In recognition of her work, Her Majesty has humbly accepted many awards, locally, regionally and globally. These include the Walther Rathenau Award from the Walther RathenauInstitut in Germany for her efforts to greater peace and understanding; the James C. Morgan Global Humanitarian Award from Tech Awards, USA; the Arab Knight of Giving Award from Arab Giving Forum, UAE; the North South Prize by the North South Prize, Portugal; as well as the YouTube Visionary Award. Her Majesty authored several books primarily for children including the Sandwich Swap, which was inspired by her own childhood experiences.

Global warming influences dynamics of plague’s epidemic manifestations in XX-XXI centuries

2017 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
E.S. Zenkevich ◽  
N.V. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
The World ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
High Level

During the second half of 20th century, a high level of plague incidence in the world was in 1960–1979 and 1990–2009. The significant decrease of infection cases was in 1950–1959, 1980–1989, 2010–2015. It is noticed, that the observed cyclical nature of the alternation of high and low incidence plague’s periods, in many respects related to modern trend of climate fluctuations.

SYNONYMY OF STABLE PHRASES IN THE DICTIONARY OF SMOLENSK DIALECTS: THE ANALYSIS EXPERIENCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Nina Maksimchuk
Keyword(s):  
Native Speakers ◽  
National Language ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Key Word ◽  
The World ◽  
Volumetric Representation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Linguistic Units

The attention of modern linguistics to the study of verbal representatives of the mental essence (both individual and collective one) of the native speakers involves an appeal to all subsystems of the national language where territorial dialects take a significant part. The analysis of dialect linguistic units possessing linguistic and cultural value is considered as a necessary way for the study of people’s worldview and perception of the world, national mentality as a whole. The ability of stable phrases (phraseological units) to preserve and express a native speaker’s attitude to the world around them is the basis for the use of the analysis of folk phraseology as a way of penetration into a speaker’s spiritual world. Volumetric representation of the external and internal peculiarities of stable phrases allows the author to get their systematization in the form of phraseosemantic field consisting of different kinds singled out in phraseosemantic groups. The article deals with stable phrases of synonymic value recorded in the Dictionary of Smolensk dialects and stable phrases forming a phraseosemantic group. These phrases are analyzed taking into account the semantic structure of the key word, the characteristics of the dependent word, and the method of forming phraseological semantics. On the example of the analysis of phrases with the key word «bit’» and a synonymic series with the semantic dominant «bezdel’nichat’», the article discusses the peculiarities of phraseological nomination in Smolensk dialects and confirms a high level of connotativity and evaluation in the folk phraseology.

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