scholarly journals The Abundance and Dynamics of Lepidoptera Pests from Maize, Soybean, Sugar Beet Crops, In Conditions Of Agricultural Research And Development Station Turda

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adina Daniela IVAS ◽  
Felicia MUREŞANU
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Sex Pheromones ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agrotis Segetum ◽  
Mamestra Brassicae ◽  
Autographa Gamma ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development

This paper presents experimental data conducted for this purpose, during 2009 – 2010 in ARDS Turda. Species of Lepidoptera present in field crops, studied in ARDS Turda are: Agrotis segetum (Den. & Schiff.), Autographa gamma L., Amathes c-nigrum L., Mamestra brassicae L., Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn., Plutella xylostella L.. The research were performed at ARDS Turda, during 2009 - 2010 in crops: maize, sugar beet and soybean; were used F1 traps type) with synthetic sex pheromones of the Romanian Institute of Chemistry Cluj - Napoca. Traps were placed in 3 repetitions, at the 50 m distance between, during June-September. The adhesive used was based on polyisobutylene, produced by the same institute. Pheromones baits and sticky plates were changed at 10 days, when were recorded the number of captured Lepidoptera. To compare data obtained, was performed percentage distribution of species of Lepidoptera, and observations on the abundance of Lepidoptera pests, highlighting the appeal and sex pheromones specific for the most common Lepidoptera. At ARDS Turda, in maize, sugar beet and soybean, under normal climate of the years 2009- 2010, were registered, in sex pheromones traps, more than 1.400 adults of the mentioned Lepidoptera species. These species showed a well defined allocation percentage as follows: Ostrina nubilalis represented a very significant percentage between 39.0 - 68.0% of the total of Lepidoptera pests, Autographa gamma 12,0-25,0%, Amathes c-nigrum 14,0-16,0% and other species (Mamestra brassicae, Plutella Xylostella, Agrotis segetum) between 2,0-11,0%. The results have resulted in flight curves of the most common Lepidoptera pest crops, which shows the evolution of species according to specific climatic conditions, thus knowing the best time for applying treatments.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Water Management by Applying the No Tillage System for the Winter Wheat Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Felicia CHEȚAN ◽  
Cornel CHEȚAN
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Conservative System ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Yield Test ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development

The Transylvanian Plain has a particular aspect, as the hilly areas are predominant and here the soil erosion phenomena through levigation are frequently encountered. The effect of water availability on yields has been thoroughly researched, being one of the main limitative factors of the winter wheat yields. Starting from these considerations, during the agricultural years 2012-2018, a bi-factorial yield test was performed at Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Turda, for a period of seven years. The study explored the influence of the water status under the influence of two tillage systems and the climatic conditions specific for this area on winter wheat yields. In the field conditions of Turda during experimental interval, the soil tillage system had a rather small impact on the winter wheat yields. In the conventional system (CS) a reserve of accessible water is preserved better during the spring period, this being attributed to a better infiltration into the soil of winter precipitation (snow). In the conservative system (NT), the observed trend suggests that restoration of the ground water reserve is more difficult than in the CS but the loss of water in the CS is just as fast.

scholarly journals Researches on the Monitoring of the Most Frequent Pests from Maize and Soybean Crops in the Conditions at ARDS Turda

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Adina IVAȘ ◽  
Felicia MUREȘANU
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Agrotis Segetum ◽  
Development Control ◽  
Autographa Gamma ◽  
Sex Pheromone Traps ◽  
Synthetic Sex Pheromone ◽  
Species Population ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Control Insect

In maize and soybean crops in Romania, have been identified over 40 species of pests, with significant economic importance. Of these pests, particular importance had presented: Ostrinia nubilalis, Diabrotica v.virgifera, Autographa gamma, Agrotis segetum, Amathes c-nigrum, Tetranychus urticae. The monitoring with synthetic sex pheromone traps, by attracting males in mass, was proposed in the 60s of the twentieth century (Knipling & Macguire, 1966). Thus, the method of removal males lead to lower the species population of target insects, contributing significantly to development control insect populations and, thus, to be one of the levers of maintaining the natural balance in contemporary agro-cenoses, that require protection.

scholarly journals The Contribution of Agricultural Research and Development Station Secuieni, Neamţ County, Romania, to the Supply of Soybean Seed

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
Tr. I. Pomohaci ◽  
Simona-Florina Pochişcanu ◽  
Margareta Naie ◽  
Alexandra-Andreea Buburuz ◽  
Oana Spânu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Testing Field ◽  
Biological Category ◽  
Basic Seed

ABSTRACT In the 2008-2012 period, in the Seed production laboratory from Agricultural Research and Development Station (A.R.D.S.) Secuieni, Neamţ county, Romania, were cultivated three varieties of soybean, Granat, Eugen and Onix, created at A.R.D.S. Turda, Cluj county. These varieties were well adapted to the climatic conditions of A.R.D.S. Secuieni, obtaining yields of up to 3000 kg/ha. During 2008- 2012, the following amounts of seeds were produced: PB1(pre-basic seed 1): 11000 kg in 2008, 8700 kg in 2009, 6500 kg in 2010, 5600 kg in 2011 and 3800 kg in 2012; PB2 (pre-basic seed 2): 45900 kg in 2008, 39000 kg in 2009, 67000 kg in 2010, 32000 kg in 2011 and 27000 kg in 2012. The amount of seed from the biological category PB2 ensure, annual, the required for sowing 300- 700 ha of basic biological category, which is delivered to farmers for the sowing of about 5000-12000 ha. Both in the field of seed production as well as in the ecological testing field (comparative cultures of contest) Onix variety presented the greatest adaptability to the pedoclimatic conditions from the Central Moldavian Plateau, achieving the highest yields

scholarly journals Behavior of some Soybean Genotypes to Fertilization in the Climatic Condition of 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Vasilena SUCIU ◽  
Teodor RUSU ◽  
Camelia URDĂ ◽  
Raluca REZI ◽  
Eugen MUREȘANU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Chemical Complex ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Four Levels

Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merril) is the world’s most important seed legume and she is considered a basic food with a high nutritional value. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of two types of chemical complex fertilizers (NPK 27:13.5:0 and NPK 16:16:16) with four levels of fertilization (unfertilized, 150 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha and 250 kg/ha) on the main soybean growing stages in 2019. Field experiments were conducted in the soil and climate conditions of the Agricultural Research and Development Station from Turda. The vegetation stages of the studied soybean genotypes were influenced by: atypical climatic conditions of this year and also the type of fertilizer and the fertilization dose. By analyzing the experimental data, it was noted that one genotype had longer growing season (Raluca TD variety: 135-140 days), and three genotypes had shortest growing season (Perla variety: 122-125 days; Carla TD variety: 121-123 days; T-295 line: 121-123 days).

scholarly journals A Forage Mixture with Red Clover in the Fourth Experimental Year

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Ioan Rotar ◽  
Roxana Vidican ◽  
Florin Păcurar ◽  
Anamaria Mălinaş ◽  
Ioana Vaida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Different Doses

The present paper aims to follow the behaviour of a forage mixture with red clover in the fourth experimental year. We followed the behaviour of a complex mixture consisting of Trifolium pratense (15%), Lolium perenne (20%), Festulolium (25%), Festuca arundinacea (25%) and Phleum pratense (15%) under the influence of mineral fertilization in the climatic conditions specific Plateau of Transylvania, Romania. Experience was installed in the spring of 2012 in experimental fields located inside the Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda. The mixture was sown on 2 densities namely 12.5 cm and 25 cm distances between rows and they were fertilized in early March with complex NPK and ammonium nitrate (33.3%) in four different doses: V1 - control variant, unfertilized, V2-N50P60K80, V3- N75P60K80 and V4 -N100P60K80. An interesting evolution of the forage mixture was observed in the fourth experimental year. Fertilization with N75P60K80 seemed to have a favourable influence on forage mixture productivity. 

EFFECTIVENESS OF DOSING APPLICATION OF BENATAL GROUP HERBICIDES IN SUGAR BEET SOWING

1970 ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
V. Z. Venevtsev ◽  
М. N. Zakharova ◽  
L. V. Rozhkova
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Sugar Beet Variety ◽  
Sowing Machine

Ryazan region annually receives stable yields of sugar beet roots 40 t/ha. Further growth of yields depends on balanced nutrition of plants cultivated hybrids, from the quality of the soil and of the phytosanitary State of sowing culture. Weed vegetation in wider spaced row crops of sugar beet in the initial periods of vegetation is high competition culture. The article presents the results of three studies on the effectiveness of the herbicide betanalnoj group, used to reduce contamination of sowing culture annual dicotyledonous weeds and increase the harvest of sugar beet roots. Studies conducted on experimental fields ISSA-branch FGBNU FNAC WIM (former AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE in Ryazan). Soil: dark grey forest tjazhelosuglinistaja, humus content 4.0%, potassium and phosphorus-high pH is 5.8. Area of cultivated plots 50 m2, repetition, four sugar beet variety-Ocean. The predecessor-winter wheat. Under the autumn ploughing had made NPK120 under presowing cultivation-N60, SEV conducted seeder sowing machine. For crop protection herbicides were tested annually of sugar beet Betanal progress, UF-1.0 l/HA, Forte di Belvedere-1.0 l/HA, Betanal Max Pro-1.5 l/HA, Bajrang engineering works Super-1.5 l/HA, once applied to weeds. The harvest of sugar beet roots, take into account the square 10 m2 in 4-times repeated with each experimental plot by weighing machinery, processed data by ANOVA. The research found that studied herbicides efficiently at 87-92%, reduced infestation annual dicotyledonous weeds and increase the harvest of sugar beet roots to 29.9-44.1%

Private Agricultural R&D: Do the Poor Benefit?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jock R. Anderson ◽  
Regina Birner ◽  
Latha Najarajan ◽  
Anwar Naseem ◽  
Carl E. Pray
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Private agricultural research and development can foster the growth of agricultural productivity in the diverse farming systems of the developing world comparable to the public sector. We examine the extent to which technologies developed by private entities reach smallholder and resource-poor farmers, and the impact they have on poverty reduction. We critically review cases of successfully deployed improved agricultural technologies delivered by the private sector in both large and small developing countries for instructive lessons for policy makers around the world.

scholarly journals Making sense of farmers’ demand for seed of root, tuber and banana crops: a systematic review of methods

Food Security ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Pircher ◽  
Conny J. M. Almekinders
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Seed Systems ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Root Tuber ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development

AbstractA demand-driven approach is becoming increasingly central in the efforts to improve agricultural research and development. However, the question of how exactly demand is studied usually remains unstated and is rarely discussed. We therefore carried out a systematic review in order to better understand how farmers’ demand for seed in root, tuber and banana seed systems is studied. The review is based on data from a consultation with an expert panel and a structured literature search in the SCOPUS database. Screening the gathered articles resulted in 46 studies on a global scale, fitting the scope of our investigation. Through qualitative analysis and categorization of these studies, we developed a classification scheme according to the types of approaches applied in the retained studies. One group of studies explicitly articulates farmers’ preferences and choices through surveys or engagements in trials, auctions, choice experiments and interviews. Other studies implicitly articulate farmers’ demand by characterising their current use of varieties and seed. We discuss opportunities and limitations in the use of each type of study and we reflect on the body of available literature as a whole. Our conclusion is that a framework is necessary that purposefully combines the existing different methods and that it is necessary to involve stakeholders in a process where demand is articulated. Together, these two steps would characterise existing demands in a more effective and precise way, thus providing better guidance to decision-makers in their reactions pertaining to seed systems.

Distributional Weights in Benefit-Cost Analysis: Examples from Rwanda and Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B. Moss ◽  
Andrew Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Systematic Variation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Small Producer ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Benefit Cost

Abstract The question of how to allocate scarce agricultural research and development dollars is significant for developing countries. Historically, benefit/cost analysis has been the standard for comparing the relative benefits of alternative investments. We examine the potential of shifting the implicit equal weights approach to benefit/cost analysis, as well as how a systematic variation in welfare weights may affect different groups important to policy makers. For example, in the case of Rwandan coffee, a shift in the welfare weights that would favor small coffee producers in Rwanda over foreign consumers of Rwandan coffee would increase the support for investments in small producer coffee projects. Generally, changes in welfare weights alter the ordering for selecting investments across alternative projects.

scholarly journals A Functional F Analogue of Autographa californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus GP64 from the Agrotis segetum Granulovirus

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (17) ◽  
pp. 8922-8926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feifei Yin ◽  
Manli Wang ◽  
Ying Tan ◽  
Fei Deng ◽  
Just M. Vlak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Membrane Fusion ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Syncytium Formation ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Agrotis Segetum ◽  
Induced Membrane ◽  
F Protein ◽  
Autographa Californica Nucleopolyhedrovirus

ABSTRACT The envelope fusion protein F of Plutella xylostella granulovirus is a computational analogue of the GP64 envelope fusion protein of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). Granulovirus (GV) F proteins were thought to be unable to functionally replace GP64 in the AcMNPV pseudotyping system. In the present study the F protein of Agrotis segetum GV (AgseGV) was identified experimentally as the first functional GP64 analogue from GVs. AgseF can rescue virion propagation and infectivity of gp64-null AcMNPV. The AgseF-pseudotyped AcMNPV also induced syncytium formation as a consequence of low-pH-induced membrane fusion.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document