scholarly journals TRAUMA BY TRAFFIC ACCIDENT IN ELDERLY PEOPLE: RISK FACTORS AND CONSEQUENCES

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Ribeiro dos Santos ◽  
Rosalina Aparecida Partezani Rodrigues ◽  
Marina Aleixo Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
School Level ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Emergency Hospital ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze cases of trauma caused by traffic accidents in elderly individuals assisted at a reference municipal emergency hospital in 2010 and 2011. Method: longitudinal retrospective study was developed at an emergency hospital and a Traffic Accidents Repression Station, with 524 elderly individuals. All variables were submitted for descriptive analysis. Risk of involvement in accidents, occurrence of injury and death were determined using relative risk. Results: a statistically significant association was found in accidents with injuries when motorcycles were the vehicle that ran over the individual. Associations were also found between men and the occurrence of accidents, injury and death, mainly among younger elderly individuals. Most of the 524 elderly individuals who suffered an accident were men, married and had elementary school level education. Of these, 78.6% presented with injuries, with the majority of them being pedestrians. Conclusion: among younger elderly individuals, the possibility of death as a result of the injury was 3.4 times higher in 2010.

scholarly journals Leprosy Reaction in Thai Population: A 20-Year Retrospective Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonkiat Suchonwanit ◽  
Siripich Triamchaisri ◽  
Sanchawan Wittayakornrerk ◽  
Ploysyne Rattanakaemakorn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Leprosy Reactions ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Leprosy Patients

Background. Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that presents with varying dermatological and neurological symptoms. The leprosy reactions occur over the chronic course of the disease and lead to extensive disability and morbidity.Objective. To analyze and identify the risk factors which contribute to leprosy reactions.Methods. In a retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of leprosy patients registered at the leprosy clinic, Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand, between March 1995 and April 2015. One hundred and eight patients were included; descriptive analysis was used for baseline characteristics and a binary logistic regression model was applied for identifying risk factors correlated with leprosy reactions.Results. Of the 108 cases analyzed, 51 were male and 57 were female. The mean age of presentation was 45 years. The borderline tuberculoid type was the most common clinical form. Leprosy reactions were documented in 61 cases (56.5%). The average time to reaction was 8.9 months. From multivariate analysis, risk factors for leprosy reactions were being female, positive bacillary index status, and MB treatment regimen.Conclusions. Leprosy reactions are common complications in leprosy patients. Being female, positive bacillary index status, and multibacillary treatment regimen are significantly associated with the reactions. Early detection in cases with risk factors followed by appropriate treatment could prevent the morbidity of leprosy patients.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of road traffic accident deaths in the state of Paraná, 2007-2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e431101119942
Author(s):  
Claudia Schneck ◽  
Elias Teixeira Krainski ◽  
Carlos Eduardo da Rocha Omoto ◽  
Daniel Grabasky Accioly ◽  
Faissal Nemer Hajar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Brazil is in fifth place among countries with the highest number of land transport accidents. The state of Paraná, Brazil, was the object of this study which conducted spatial analysis with the aim of identifying areas where this phenomenon occurs more and their time series over a 10-year period. This was an ecological and exploratory observational study covering the period 2007 to 2016 in 39 micro-regions of the state of Paraná. Data of road traffic accident deaths as per the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10, codes V01 to V89) held on the Mortality Information System, were analyzed. Relative risk rates were calculated and choropleth maps were built. A total of 31,651 deaths from the causes examined were recorded according to municipality of occurrence. The most frequent ICD-10 items found were those involving automobile occupants, motorcyclists, pedestrians and cyclists in road traffic accidents. An overall falling trend was found with effect from 2012. The rate by area did not show pronounced spatial dependence and there was considerable variation, whereby the Cerro Azul micro-region had the lowest relative risk in the period, while in Campo Mourão deaths were around 53.3% above the expected level. The estimated average annual trend for the Curitiba micro-region had the steepest fall in the period, while Campo Mourão had the highest rising trend. The trend analysis indicated places where more robust public policy interventions and enforcement actions need to be reviewed.

scholarly journals PREVALENSI VISUM ET REPERTUM ORANG HIDUP PADA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS DI INSTALASI GAWAT DARURAT BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D.KANDOU MANADO PERIODE TAHUN 2013

e-CliniC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Septyano Sondakh ◽  
James F. Siwu ◽  
Johannis F. Mallo
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Year 2013

Abstract: In Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, the incidence of clinical forensic cases of living people mainly caused by traffic accidents increases sharply along with the increasing number of visum et repertum (VeR) requests. This study aimed to determine the prevalence VeR of living people with traffic accidents during 2013. Secondary data were obtained from January to December 2013 at the the emergency unit of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. This was a descriptive and retrospective study. Data contained the characteristics of patients, including: sex, age, and cause of the accident. The result showed that during the year 2013 the prevalence of living people VeR caused by traffic accidents was the highest in April (11.57%), dominated by males (80.55%), the age group of 15 -24 years old (37.79%), with the cause of accident injured driver due traffic accident (60.54%).Keywords: prevalence, living people VeR, traffic accidentAbstrak: Di Badan Layanan Umum (BLU) Rumah sakit Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Bagian Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD), angka kejadian kasus forensik klinik (Orang hidup) terutama yang disebabkan oleh kecelakaan lalu lintas (KLL) meningkat tajam seiring dengan semakin banyaknya permintaan visum et repertum (VeR). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka prevalensi VeR orang hidup yang disebabkan oleh KLL selama tahun 2013 melalui data sekunder di IGD BLU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou, yang dilihat dari karakteristik jenis kelamin, umur, dan jenis penyebab kecelakaan. Penelitian ini bersifat retrospektif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa selama tahun 2013 mulai bulan Januari sampai Desember angka prevalensi VeR orang hidup yang disebabkan oleh KLL tertinggi pada bulan April (11,57%) yang didominasi oleh laki-laki (80,55%) dengan umur terbanyak pada interval 15-24 tahun (37,79%) dengan jenis penyebab kecelakaan terbanyak ditemukan driver injured in traffic accident (60,54%).Kata kunci: prevalensi, visum et repertum orang hidup, KLL

scholarly journals Helminth infections among rural schoolchildren in Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional multilevel and zero-inflated regression model

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. e0008002
Author(s):  
Hiwot Hailu Amare ◽  
Bernt Lindtjørn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Water Source ◽  
School Level ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Individual

Although the prevalence of helminths infection among schoolchildren is known, there has been little progress in the application of count model for modelling the risk factors of helminths egg. Only a few studies applied multilevel analysis to explore the variation in helminths prevalence across schools and classes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, intensity of helminths infection, and identify risk factors at the individual-, household-, and school-level among schoolchildren in Southern Ethiopia. Using multistage random sampling, we recruited 864 students in the Wonago District. We applied multilevel-logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models (ZINB). Risk factors were concentrated at the individual level; school-level and class-level variables explained less than 5% of the variance. The overall helminths prevalence was 56% (479/850); Trichuris trichiura prevalence was 42.4% (360/850); and Ascaris lumbricoides prevalence was 18.7% (159/850). The rate of any helminths increased among thin children (AOR: 1.73 [95% CI: (1.04, 2.90]), anemic (AOR: 1.45 [95% CI: 1.04, 2.03]), mothers who had no formal education (AOR: 2.08 [95% CI: 1.25, 3.47]), and those in households using open containers for water storage (AOR: 2.06 [95% CI: 1.07, 3.99]). In the ZINB model, A. lumbricoides infection intensity increased with increasing age (AOR: 1.08 [95% CI: 1.01, 1.16]) and unclean fingernails (AOR: 1.47 [95% CI: 1.07, 2.03]). Handwashing with soap (AOR: 0.68 [95% CI: 0.48, 0.95]), de-worming treatment [AOR: 0.57 (95% CI: 0.33, 0.98)], and using water from protected sources [AOR: 0.46 (95% CI: 0.28, 0.77)] were found to be protective against helminths infection. After controlling for clustering effects at the school and class levels and accounting for excess zeros in fecal egg counts, we found an association between helminths infection and the following variables: age, thinness, anemia, unclean fingernails, handwashing, de-worming treatment, mother’s education, household water source, and water storage protection. Improving hygiene behavior, providing safe water at school and home, and strengthening de-worming programs is required to improve the health of schoolchildren in rural Gedeo.

scholarly journals Patients with isolated vertigo attack preceding stroke have different clinic characteristics: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Qiu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jun Deng ◽  
Zhiwei Xia ◽  
Jingfeng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Infarction Volume ◽  
Abcd2 Score ◽  
Extracranial Stenosis

Abstract Background Isolated vertigo attack history preceding the acute stroke were frequently accompanying with other focal neurological symptoms. To clarify the different clinical characteristics between isolated vertigo attack and vertigo symptom accompanying hemiplegia preceding stroke, we performed this 4-year retrospective study. Methods Medical records of 1283 patients hospitalized with vertigo symptom had been screened. Patients were divided into two groups: isolated vertigo attack history preceding the stroke defined as IVA group, vertigo symptom accompanying hemiplegia attack defined as VAH group. Clinic characteristics including ABCD2 score, infarction volume and location, relative risk factors and the following medical intervention were compared between the group. Results Patients featured with VAH had higher extracranial stenosis (21.2% vs. 9.0%, P < 0.01) and ABCD2 score (3.7 ± 1.9 vs. 2.3 ± 1.5, P = 0.03), patient with IVA showed a higher diabetic prevalence (40.9% vs. 29.7%, P = 0.02). The frequency of vertigo events tended to be more commonly in patient with VAH (median 3.1 vs. 5.5, p < 0.03). The total cerebral infarction volume in IVA group tended to be larger than VAH with a median of 4.56 cm3 versus 2.32 cm3 (p = 0.02). Additionally, less patients with IVA sought medical intervention when vertigo symptom occurred. Conclusions Clinical characteristics including ABCD2 score, total cerebral infarction volume and the location were different between AVH and IVH group. In addition, less patients in IVH cohort sought medical intervention when vertigo symptom occurred.

scholarly journals Fatores de risco para perda no seguimento ambulatorial após passagem de cateter Duplo-J / Risk factors for loss in outpatient follow-up after passing a Double-J catheter

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe De Mello Pereira Leitão ◽  
João Pedro Vaz de Souza Cabral Simões ◽  
Victor Notari de Campos ◽  
Luis Gustavo Morato de Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Patient Recall ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Risk Predictors

Introdução: O uso do cateter Duplo-J tornou-se rotina nos serviços de urologia nas últimas décadas, sendo fundamental no manejo de diversas patologias do trato urinário, mas não está livre de complicações. Uma temida evolução é a incrustação do cateter, relacionado diretamente ao tempo de permanência dele no indivíduo. Neste contexto, é de suma importância a identificação dos fatores preditores de risco e prevenção dos casos de cateteres Duplo-J não retirados. Método: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo que visa analisar os dados demográficos dos pacientes submetidos à passagem de cateter Duplo-J no Departamento de Urologia da Santa Casa de São Paulo, com a finalidade de procurar dados preditores para a ocorrência de Duplo-J não retirados, assim como analisar falhas nos procedimentos de reconvocação dos pacientes. Foram analisados um total de 178 pacientes e divididos em Grupo Retirado - 167 e Grupo Não retirado – 11. Resultado: Foram comparados dois grupos conforme as variáveis de sexo, idade, estado civil, procedência e indicação. Foi evidenciada relação estatisticamente significante conforme a procedência dos pacientes, sendo que aqueles oriundos da região central de São Paulo, moradores de outros municípios e pacientes sem moradia evidenciaram fator de risco para a perda de seguimento ambulatorial. Conclusão: O Duplo-J não retirado é uma complicação multifatorial, o que demanda uma atenção e registro sistemático dos casos, para possibilitar uma busca ativa dos pacientes em situação de risco.Palavras Chave: Cateter duplo-J, Stent ureteral, Cateter duplo-j não retiradoABSTRACTIntroduction: The use of the Double-J catheter has become routine in urology services in recent decades, being fundamental in the management of several pathologies of the urinary tract, but it is not free of complications. A feared evolution is the inlay of the catheter, directly related to its length of stay in the individual. In this context, it is of utmost importance to identify risk predictors and prevent cases of non-removed Double-J catheters. Method: This is a retrospective study that aims to analyze the demographic data of patients undergoing the passage of a Double-J catheter at the Urology Department of Santa Casa de São Paulo, in order to search for predictive data for the occurrence of Double-J not withdrawn, as well as to analyze failures in the procedures of patient recall. A total of 178 patients were analyzed and divided into Retired Group - 167 and Non- -Retired Group - 11. Result: Two groups were compared according to the variables of sex, age, marital status, origin and indication. A statistically significant relationship was evidenced according to the origin of the patients, and those from the central region of São Paulo, residents of other municipalities and homeless patients showed a risk factor for the loss of outpatient follow-up. Conclusion: The double-J not removed is a multifactorial complication, which requires attention and systematic registration of cases, in order to enable an active search for patients at risk.Keywords: Double-J catheter, Ureteral stent, Double-j catheter not removed

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Orthopaedic Injuries in Cases of Road Traffic Accidents

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
M. Meena ◽  
K. Jaganath ◽  
M. SathishKumar ◽  
Saidev Ramkumar ◽  
P. Shanmuga Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Individual

Background: Road traffic accidents are on the rise due to rapid urbanization, motorization, lack of appropriate road engineering, poor awareness levels, non existent injury prevention programs, and poor enforcement of traffic laws. From mild to severe injuries, a road traffic accident can have a significant social and economic impact on the individual, family and the society. It is believed that the outcome of this study should help in identifying risk factors, set priorities for prevention and aid in management of cases. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross sectional prospective study conducted over a period of 6 months Results: One hundred and twenty seven RTA victims were studied during the period. The most commonly affected age group was 21-40 years. Men were more involved in RTAs than women. Most common fracture was tibial fracture and most common fractures were seen in people who drove motorcycles. Accidents were most commonly seen during the time period of 6pm to 6am. Conclusion: Computerised trauma registry is needed urgently to highlight risk factors, circumstances, chain of events leading to accidents. Strict licensure procedure should be followed and minimum level of education should be imparted especially to younger age groups. Doing so will be helpful in policy making and health management in India.

scholarly journals Risk factors analysis and risk assessment of sudden pollution from traffic accidents in the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Ming Tang ◽  
Jin Quan ◽  
Xiaohui Lei ◽  
Hezheng Zheng ◽  
Tao Tang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Factors Analysis ◽  
Water Diversion Project ◽  
North Water ◽  
Sudden Water Pollution

The traffic bridges along the route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project are numerous. Once a traffic accident occurs causing pollutants in the channel, the water safety, ecological environment and economic development of water receiving areas along the line will be affected . We investigate the bridges along the channel, focusing on the investigation and analysis of hazardous chemicals, nearby backwater gates and water inlets involving 173 cross-channel bridges with large traffic volume. The risk evaluation index system of sudden water pollution is established in this study, while the risk of different bridges is evaluated. We divide bridges in three risk grades, and delimit key prevention areas and key monitoring objects. And the stress of traffic risk factors on the water quality safety is summarized. It is significant for being regarded as basis for contingency plans, hierarchical responses and emergency material reserve for the middle line of the south-to-north water diversion project.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) in context of Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Jabbar ◽  
MZ Islam ◽  
R Sultana ◽  
SFU Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Traffic Signal ◽  
Protective Measure ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Medical College

Objective: To explore the risk factors related to road traffic accident in context of Bangladesh. Design: This was a cross sectional type of descriptive study. Settings: The study was conducted at emergency and casualty department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) and Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka respectively. Study Period: The study was conducted from July 2007 to June 2008. Subjects: A total of 400 Road Traffic Accident (RTA) patients attended during data collection period of 3 months at Dhaka Medical College and Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) & Mitford Hospitals were consider as the study population. Result: This study included 400 Road Traffic Accident (RTA) patients. Among them, 23.8% patients due to accidents were related to truck accidents followed by bus (20.3%) and CNG Taxi (11.3%) respectively It has been revealed that frequency of accidents caused by new vehicles and old vehicles were almost equal (36.5%) and 13.5% vehicle were overloaded when accidents happened. Fast speeds of the vehicles (62%) were responsible for accidents. About 31% stated that even with normal speed accident was happened. About 44.8% accidents were caused due to collision with other vehicles as stated by the patients. Majority of the patients (52.8%) stated that drivers were looked healthy, 17.8% drunker and 5.5% looked drowsy when they drove vehicles during accident. Majority (55%) of them drove in wrong side of the road. In 78.3% cases, there was no traffic signal and though available, 39.1% driver did not follow traffic signal. About 25% patients stated that defective road is the factor of causation of accidents. Majority (76.75%) of the patients opined that accident was happened during day time and in sufficient light (66%). Weather was foggy stated by 16% patients. Only 6.75% victims used protective measure during accidents. Conclusion: This study was conducted with a view to explore the risk factors related to road traffic accident. Nevertheless, it is not feasible to draw a concrete conclusion. But on the basis of this study findings, it may be stated that a greater part of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) can be prevented by specific preventive measures and also taking personal precautions. It is also to be concluded that countywide wide mass scale study should be carried out in this specific emerging field to combat road traffic accidents as a major public health issue. Key words: Road traffic accidents (RTA); Risk Factors. DOI: 10.3329/jdmc.v18i2.6279 J Dhaka Med Coll. 2009; 18(2) : 161-165

scholarly journals Universal and Specific Individual and Psychological Risk Factors for Traffic Accidents among Mentally Healthy People and People with Mental Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-195
Author(s):  
A.S. Vasilchenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Psychological Risk Factors ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psychological Risk

The article presents the results of the research aimed to highlight the individual, psychological and cognitive risk factors of getting into a traffic accident depending on the presence of a mental disorder. 139 people aged from 18 to 59 years old (average age 30.44 years ± 9.56) were examined using a set of methods aimed at assessing the individual and typological features of self-control, individual, psychological and cognitive features of the driver's personality. Analysis of the results allowed identifying the universal individual and psychological risk factors for getting into a traffic accident. Specifically: systemic violations of self-regulation in the form of a violation of the connectedness of its stages, impulsiveness, risk-taking, physical aggression. When assessing the contribution of the parameter “guilty / not guilty in accident”, statistically significant differences in the indicators of cognitive methods were revealed. The convicted drivers were significantly distinguished by a high degree of workability, selectivity and accuracy of attention, providing a reactive response, with low processing speed of visual information and fatigue. Characteristics that significantly distinguish the convicted drivers, depending on the presence or absence of the factor “mental disorder”, were also highlighted. Mentally healthy drivers can be characterized by violations of the activation system, due to the orientation of the reward; low level of selectivity of attention, as well as high rates of dissociative driving style, which is characterized by disregard for the rules on the road; low level of planning and evaluation of the results of their own activities. Drivers with mental disorders were statistically significantly distinguished by high rates of risk-taking in the structure of self-control, low level of conscious planning, situational response conditions combined with suspiciousness, irritability, impulsiveness, and a decrease in criticality of mental activity. Characteristic features of their behavior on the road are high rates of anxious driving style, characterized by a heightened sense of alertness and tension while driving. Fatigue and difficulties in workability can be defined among the cognitive variables.

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