Risks of occupational illnesses among health workers providing care to patients with COVID-19: an integrative review

Objective: to analyze evidence concerning the risks of occupational illnesses to which health workers providing care to patients infected with COVID-19 are exposed. Method: integrative literature review conducted in the following online databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PubMed), Web of Science (WoS), Excerpta Medica Data-Base (EMBASE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Scopus (Elsevier). Original articles published between November 2019 and June 2020, regardless of the language written, were included. A descriptive analysis according to two categories is presented. Results: the sample is composed of 19 scientific papers. Most were cross-sectional studies with an evidence level 2C (n=17, 90%) written in English (n=16, 84%). The primary thematic axes were risk of contamination and risk of psycho-emotional illness arising from the delivery of care to patients infected with COVID-19. Conclusion: the review presents the potential effects of providing care to patients with COVID-19 on the health of workers. It also reveals the importance of interventions focused on the most prevalent occupational risks during the pandemic. The studies’ level of evidence suggests a need for studies with more robust designs.

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Perception and Experiences of the Front Line Health Workers (FLWs) Attending Suspected or Confirmed Covid-19 Patients in Bangladesh: a Cross-sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-576319/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bushra Zarin Islam ◽

Mir Raihanul Islam ◽

Samiun Nazrin Bente Kamal Tune ◽

Syed Masud Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Mental Health Problems ◽

Health Workers ◽

Close Contact ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Front Line ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asymptomatic Patients

Abstract Background: Front-line health workers (FLWs) are always at a very high risk of being infected by COVID 19 due to their close contact with patients; thus, proper protection is critical. Concerning the FLWs' safety, Bangladesh's haphazard health system preparedness response on the eve of the pandemic triggered an uncoordinated management crisis, making the FLWs even more vulnerable. This study aims to elicit FLWs' perceptions and experiences regarding personal safety against COVID-19 while attending suspected/confirmed cases in the pandemic's early days. Methods: A mixed-methods quick telephone survey of a cross-sectional design was conducted during April and May 2020. 60 FLWs of various categories and levels from 14 districts and 43 institutions participated in the study in two rounds (initial and follow up) by four weeks apart. The participants were chosen using a combination of purposive sampling and the snowball sampling method and responded to a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done for quantitative data, and qualitative data were thematically analysed.Results: The FLWs were obvious about the necessity of using Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) for suspected/confirmed COVID-19 cases with suspected/asymptomatic patients. All types and levels of FLWs did not get the needed formal training on COVID-19 management and prevention. During the initial round, only 75% and 57% FLWs received PPEs and training for their proper use, respectively. Concerns about spreading the infection to family members precipitated mental health problems for the FLWs, so they recommended some safety measures, e.g. separate accommodation, transport, modified duty roaster during COVID placement. After almost a month, the follow-up round showed that a total of 76% FLWs received PPEs, but only 20% received training about them during the last month. The recommended measures were found to be more beneficial for physicians than the other FLWs. Conclusion: COVID 19 highlighted the shortcomings of Bangladesh's health systems and the low priority given to public health. This hampered the COVID 19 response, which was late, fragmented, and poorly coordinated, putting the FLWs at risk even more. Nonetheless, a coordinated, integrated approach involving all relevant authorities is required, and the health ministry should direct an efficient and inclusive COVID response.

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Assesssment of Health Facilities for Implementation of Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease in Nepal: Baseline Study in Kailali and Ilam District

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council ◽

10.3126/jnhrc.v16i2.20301 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 149-155 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Binod Kumar Aryal ◽

Mohammad Daud ◽

Ambika Thapa ◽

Anita Mahotra ◽

Sudip Ale Magar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Action Plan ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Essential Medicines ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Baseline Study ◽

Non Communicable Disease

Background: Non-communicable Diseases are an alarming public health emergency in Nepal. Owing to the risk of NCD’s in Nepal, Government of Nepal has developed a Multisectoral Action Plan for Non-communicable Disease 2014-2020 and has adopted the World Health Organization Package of Essential Non-communicable Disease protocol. Prior for its implementation in Nepal, baseline study has been carried out to assess the status of health facilities in Nepal.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Kailali and Ilam district encompassing a total of 92 health facilities. A set of structured questionnaire and interview guideline was used to obtain the data. Collected data was transferred to Microsoft Excel, cleaned and analyzed in SPSS 16.0. Descriptive analysis was performed to express the frequencies and relative frequencies Results: Of the total health facilities, 49 and 43 health facilities of Ilam and Kailali were interviewed. The hospital of Ilam consisted all the procedure, equipment and medicine for the management of NCDs whilst, health posts lacked Oxygen services. Only 592 posts were fulfilled out of 704 sanctioned post in both the districts of which only 161 were trained in management of NCDs. Atotal of 231 patients were diagnosed with NCDs before the day of study in all the health facilities of both districts. Conclusions: Study reveals the gaps in capacity of health institution and system in terms of training, supply, equipments, and diagnostics. However, training of health workers, supply of essential medicines and improvising the service delivery would supplement the effective implementation of PEN in Nepal.

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TOMOGRAPHIC MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CRANIUM AND ITS CORRELATION WITH CRANIAL HALO USE IN ADULTS

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1413-785220172501168033 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 11-14

Author(s):

TIAGO FERREIRA DE ALMEIDA ◽

HOMAR TOLEDO CHARAFEDDINE ◽

FERNANDO FLORES DE ARAÚJO ◽

ALEXANDRE FOGAÇA CRISTANTE ◽

RAPHAEL MARTUS MARCON ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Morphological Study ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Parietal Bone ◽

Frontal Bone ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Parietal Bones

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate using tomographic study the thickness of the cranial board at the insertions points of the cranial halo pins in adults Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive analysis of Computed Tomography (CT) scans of adult patients' crania. The study included adults between 20 and 50 years without cranial abnormalities. We excluded any exam with cranial abnormalities Results: We analyzed 50 CT scans, including 27 men and 23 women, at the original insertion points and alternative points (1 and 2 cm above the frontal and parietal bones). The average values were 7.4333 mm in the frontal bone and 6.0290 mm in the parietal bone Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference between the classical and alternative points, making room for alternative fixings and safer introduction of the pins, if necessary. Level of Evidence II, Retrospective Study.

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Tinjauan Karakteristik Ibu Hamil Dengan Preklamsi Dan Anemia Di Kota Bandung, Kabupaten Cirebon, Kabupaten Kuningan

Malahayati Nursing Journal ◽

10.33024/mnj.v3i4.4978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 636-642

Author(s):

Liliek Pratiwi ◽

Harnanik Nawangsari

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Health Workers ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Detection And Identification ◽

History Of ◽

Quota Sampling ◽

And Control

ABSTRACT : REVIEW OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PREGNANT MOTHERS WITH PRECLAMATION AND ANEMIA IN BANDUNG CITY CIREBON REGENCY, KUNINGAN REGENCY Background: Preeclampsia and anemia in pregnant women are still common and cause maternal mortality to increase. Late help is still found because pregnant women are not detected early. Anemia can cause shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations, bleeding disorders during labor, sleep disturbances and sepsis. Pre-eclampsia is one of the direct causes of maternal death, the incidence of pre-eclampsia initially does not provide symptoms and signs, but at one time it can deteriorate rapidly, so it takes a series of examinations, detection, and identification of risk factors and control them so as to enable complex primary prevention.Objective: This study will provide an overview of the characteristics of pregnant women with preeclampsia and anemia in Bandung City, Cirebon Regency and Kuningan Regency.Research Methods: This study uses descriptive analysis, with a cross sectional approach, is retrospective in nature, observing the results of medical records. The population is pregnant women with preeclampsia and anemia in Bandung City, Cirebon Regency and Kuningan Regency, the pregnancy period from October 2020 to February 2021 is 489. The inclusion criteria for this study were pregnant women from trimester 1 to trimester 3 who experienced preeclampsia and anemia. The sampling technique is using quota sampling. The number of samples is 110 respondents. Exclusion criteria in this study were pregnant women with a history of congenital disease, being infected and other pregnancy complications besides anemia and preeclampsia.Results: Characteristics of pregnant women with preeclampsia and anemia in Bandung City, Cirebon Regency and Kuningan Regency, the majority of pregnant women experiencing preeclampsia, preceded by a history of preeclampsia in a previous pregnancy of 34.6%, primiparous status 18.1% and having hypertension. ,3%. The majority of pregnant women who experience anemia are with multiparous status of 28.1% and often occur when stepping on the 3rd trimester, as well as mothers who do not consume Fe tablets.Conclusion: So, by looking at these results, the outcome for the future is a proactive effort to screen pregnant women at risk in several areas by involving health workers, the community and other researchers as well as volunteers, for the sake of maternal and child health. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Anemia, Bandung City, Cirebon Regency, Kuningan RegencyINTISARI: TINJAUAN KARAKTERISTIK IBU HAMIL DENGAN PREKLAMSI DAN ANEMIA DI KOTA BANDUNG, KABUPATEN CIREBON, DAN KABUPATEN KUNINGAN Latar Belakang: Preklamsia dan anemia ibu hamil masih sering terjadi dan menyebabkan Angka Kematian Ibu meningkat. Pertolongan yang terlambat masih ditemukan karena ibu hamil tidak terdeteksi lebih awal. Anemia dapat mengakibatkan sesak nafas, fatigue, palpitasi, gangguan pendarahan selama persalinan, sampai gangguan tidur dan sepsis. Pre Eklamsi merupakan salah satu penyebab langsung kematian ibu, kejadian pre eklamsi pada awalnya tidak memberikan gejala dan tanda, namun pada suatu ketika dapat memburuk dengan cepat, sehingga butuh serangkaian pemeriksaan, deteksi, dan identifikasi faktor risiko serta mengontrolnya sehingga memungkinkan dilakukan pencegahan primer yang kompleksTujuan: Dalam penelitian ini akan memberikan gambaran tinjauan karakteristik ibu hamil dengan preklamsia dan anemia di Kota Bandung, Kabupaten Cirebon dan Kabupaten Kuningan.Metode Penelitian: Pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif, dengan pendekatan cross sectional, bersifat retrospektif, observasi dari hasil rekam medis. Populasi yaitu ibu hamil dengan preklamsia dan anemia di Kota Bandung, Kabupaten Cirebon dan Kabupaten Kuningan, periode kehamilan dari bulan Oktober tahun 2020 sampai Februari tahun 2021 yaitu 489. Kriteria inklusi penelitian ini adalah ibu hamil trimester 1 sampai trimester 3 yang mengalami preklamsia dan anemia. Teknik sampling yaitu menggunakan kuota sampling. Jumlah sampel adalah 110 responden. Kriteria eksklusi dalam penelitian ini yaitu ibu hamil dengan riwayat penyakit bawaan, sedang terinfeksi dan komplikasi kehamilan lainnya selain anemia dan preklamsia.Hasil: Karakteristik ibu hamil dengan preklamsia dan anemia di Kota Bandung, Kabupaten Cirebon dan Kabupaten Kuningan., mayoritas ibu hamil yang mengalami preklamsia, didahului dengan riwayat preklamsia pada kehamilan sebelumnya sebesar 34,6%, status primipara 18,1% serta memiliki hipertensi 16,3%. Mayoritas ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia yaitu dengan status multipara sebesar 28,1% dan sering terjadi Ketika menginjak trimester 3, serta ibu yang tidak mengkonsumsi tablet Fe.Kesimpulan: Jadi, dengan melihat hasil ini, outcome untuk ke depannya yaitu adanya upaya pro aktif penjaringan wanita hamil dengan risiko di beberapa daerah dengan melibatkan tenaga Kesehatan, masyarakat dan penelitia lain serta relawan, demi Kesehatan ibu dan anak. Kata Kunci: Preklamsia, Anemia, Kota Bandung, Kabupaten Cirebon, Kabupaten Kuningan

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Seasonal Variation of Appendicitis in High Altitude Region of Nepal: Five years’ Experience of a Teaching Hospital

Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/jkahs.v3i1.28843 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Suryaman Menyangbo ◽

Gakul Bhatta ◽

Harihar Devkota ◽

Manik Neupane ◽

Poojan Rokaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Altitude ◽

Health Workers ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

Median Percentage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Etiology ◽

Operative Findings ◽

Surgery Department

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common general surgical disease, worldwide. The exact etiology is still in conjecture. However, the inadequate fiber in diet, smoking, mechanical obstruction in appendiceal lumen, has been attributed as factors for appendicitis. Appendicitis presents throughout months of the year, however, incidence increases in particular months. The objective of this study is to observe the appendicitis incidence variation with months of the year in high altitude region of Nepal. Methods: The cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in the Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla situated at the altitude above 2500 m from sea level. The clinical data were retrieved from the hospital record book in the Operation Theater that included age, gender, ethnicity, month of the appendectomy executed, pre-operative clinical presentation, and operative findings. The period of study was from July 2014 to March 2020. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel software and descriptive analysis was done to get mean, median percentage, standard deviation by SPSS 16. Results: A total of 119 appendectomies performed during 5 years period, from 2014 to 2020, in the surgery department of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences were recorded. The mean age of appendectomy was 27 years. There were 53% female (n=64) and 46% male (n=55) patients. The months in which the highest appendectomy executed were July/August/September and February with 16% (n=19), 13.4% (n=16), (n=15) 12.6% and 13.4% (n=16) respectively. The lowest incidence was 1.7% in the month of April. Conclusion: The incidence of appendicitis is high in the months from July to September with the lowest incidence is in the months of April and May. This information could be useful to decrease the disease-associated morbidity and mortality as well as it can be useful for hospital administration for enrolling the needed health-workers in those particular time periods.

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Hepatitis-B: an Alarming Infectious Condition- How Aware are We???

Journal of Academy of Dental Education ◽

10.18311/jade/2014/2425 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Paridhi Rawat ◽

Himanshu Aeran ◽

Anubha Agarwal ◽

Vijay Nautiyal

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Health Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dental Students ◽

Control Measures ◽

Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Dental Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Strict Adherence ◽

Occupational Risks

Background & Objectives:Infections caused by blood-borne pathogens like HCV, HBV or HCV have emerged as a hurricane for health-care workers. Among them, Hepatitis-B is a leading cause of morbidity & mortality all around the world especially placing health workers at higher occupational risks. Also percutaneous injuries in dental clinic are risk factors for transmission of HBV. Hence a bi-directional relationship exists between dentist & patient regarding transmission of HBV. The present study is designed to evaluate degree of awareness & knowledge about HBV & status of vaccination against it, among the dental students & clinicians.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 dental professionals including 41 clinicians, 45 post-graduate students, 80 interns and 113 B.D.S III & IV Yr students by means of a questionnaire. Data was collected & then analyzed in SPSS version-16.Result: Our results were noteworthy that nearly 89.6% claimed that hepatitis-b is preventable. Positively, 90.71% subjects were vaccinated against HBV & 62.8% showed positive attitude towards HBV+ patients. However, some alarming findings are that 54.64% didn’t know about post-exposure prophylaxis and 79.84% didn’t have any idea about serum HBV DNA viral load considered safe according to CDC.Conclusion: The present study consolidates the urgent need for further spread of knowledge & awareness about Hepatitis-B. We also highlight practice of “Standard Infection Control” measures and strict adherence to tenets of CDC guidelines. Hence the call of the hour is to spread awareness about Hepatitis-B which can turn to be a “mouse or an elephant in dental clinic.”

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Occupational exposure to Covid-19 in Latin American Healthcare Workers, May 2020

Revista Cientifica Ciencia Medica ◽

10.51581/rccm.v23i2.262 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 207-213

Author(s):

Leonardo Flavio Medina Guillén ◽

Gustavo Jared Quintanilla Ferrufino ◽

Irma Juárez Pérez ◽

Javier Shafick Asfura

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Latin American ◽

Health Workers ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Health Sector ◽

Medical Community ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Occupational Risks ◽

Quantitative Descriptive

Abstract Introduction. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the SARS-Cov-2 virus, which not only poses a great challenge, but is setting a precedent for the medical community. In this situation, it is suggested that all personnel who are exposed to occupational risks - specifically biological risk - will use the necessary personal and collective protection equipment provided by the institution or company for which they work. Workers in areas and jobs at high risk of infection can be stigmatized and discriminated, leading to their exclusion from the community and their increased exposure to violence and harassment. Objective. Analyze the occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in health personnel in Latin America in May, 2020. Methods and materials. A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out; a non-probabilistic sample of 713 volunteers participated. An online questionnaire of 30 closed questions was applied. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel 2019, using frequency analysis and central tendency measurements. The Helsinki bioethics recommendations were considered. Results and discussion. Health workers from 13 Spanish-speaking Latin American countries, from 7 professions in the health sector, participated. The personal and labor/institutional risk factors and repercussions on the personnel were detailed. Conclusions. The implementation and strengthening of policies and strategies is suggested to provide the necessary equipment to workers and improve the institutional response in order to avoid burnout in the staff, due to overload of work and extreme work hours, in order to mitigate the psychological impact that is being suffered.

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Determinants of Toddler Toilet Training Readiness in the Kenjeran Community Health Center in Surabaya

Pediomaternal Nursing Journal ◽

10.20473/pmnj.v6i1.17904 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Kartika Fatmawati ◽

Yuni Sufyanti Arief ◽

Iqlima Dwi Kurnia

Keyword(s):

Community Health ◽

Health Center ◽

Health Workers ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Community Health Center ◽

Toilet Training ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Bowel Movements

Introduction: Toilet training for children is an attempt to train children to control bowel movements and urination. Besides, children are encouraged to be able to defecate and urinate in the specified place. The success of toilet training depends on the readiness of the child and family. This study aims to determine the factors that affect toilet training readiness for toddlers.Methods: The research design used is descriptive analysis, with a cross-sectional approach. The population at Kenjeran Community Health Center is 2.755 toddlers, and the sample used in this study is 25 toddlers with purposive sampling. The instrument used in this study was a children's toilet training questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the crosstab and chi-square analysis.Results: This study showed a relationship between the child's age and the child's sex with the readiness of the child's toilet training with p = 0.00 (α = 0.05).Conclusion: Nurses as health workers are expected to be educators to parents about the importance of toilet training in children by taking into account both physical, psychological, and environmental aspects in supporting the process of toilet training.

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Descriptive Analysis Of Maternal Anxiety Before Sectio Caesaria Surgery

STRADA JURNAL ILMIAH KESEHATAN ◽

10.30994/sjik.v9i2.406 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1329-1337

Author(s):

Nina Zuhana ◽

Lia Dwi Prafitri ◽

Wahyu Ersila

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Health Workers ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Drop Out ◽

Maternal Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quantitative Descriptive ◽

Quota Sampling ◽

Severe Anxiety

This research aims to find out the picture of maternal anxiety before sectio caesarean at Muhammadiyah Pekajangan Islamic Hospital Pekalongan. This research is a quantitative descriptive study using a cross sectional approach. The population in this study was mothers who gave birth in pre-caesarean sections at The Islamic Hospital Muhammadiyah Pekajangan Pekalongan. Sampling technique using quota sampling type, which is 30 respondents who meet inclusion criteria and do not drop out. Data collection using the T-MAS questionnaire (Taylor Anxiety Scale) method of data collection with interviews. The results found that 100% of respondents experienced anxiety and Most (70%) have severe anxiety before SC surgery. It is hoped that health workers especially midwives can provide information and provide positive support that can reduce the anxiety of clients before surgery sectio caesaria

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Is There Any Association Between Chronic Periodontitis and Anxiety in Adults? A Systematic Review

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.710606 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Walessa Alana Bragança Aragão ◽

de Deiweson Souza-Monteiro ◽

Deborah Ribeiro Frazão ◽

Yago Gecy de Sousa Né ◽

Railson de Oliveira Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Case Control ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Clinical Trial Registration ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychosocial Conditions ◽

Cross Sectional Studies

Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease triggered by dysbiotic biofilms, involving the host's immune response, systemic and behavioral factors, including psychosocial conditions. This systematic review aimed to investigate the possible association between periodontitis and anxiety in adults. Searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cochrane, and OpenGrey databases, without language restrictions, considering studies in adults (P-Participants), with (E-Exposure) and without periodontitis (C- Comparison) in an outcome of association with anxiety (O-outcome). Methodological quality assessment was carried out using the Newcastle-Ottawa protocol for case-control and cross-sectional studies, followed by an analysis of the level of evidence using the GRADE tool. Metanalysis was not performed due to several differences in methods applied by authors in primary studies. Eleven observational studies were selected according to the inclusion criteria from the total of 6,380 studies retrieved from databases. Eight studies demonstrated higher anxiety levels in subjects with periodontitis, among which only one study presented a high risk of bias. The GRADE tool revealed a low level of evidence for the anxiety outcome measured by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), both for case-control and cross-sectional studies. However, since anxiety may affect the quality of life of many subjects, it reinforces the need for further studies that evaluate this association for more extended periods.Clinical Trial Registration:PROSPERO-CRD42020190445.

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