scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SEEDS APPLIED TO THE SELECTION OF SUPERIOR MOTHER TREES FROM Ormosia discolor SPRUCE EX BENTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helinara Lais Vieira Capucho ◽  
Manuel de Jesus Vieira Lima Júnior ◽  
Angela Maria da Silva Mendes ◽  
Maria Teresa Gomes Lopes ◽  
Amazoneida Sá Peixoto Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nodulation Capacity ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The study on the native species of fast growth and nodulation capacity, Ormosia discolor, intends to conserve genetic resources and make available seed lots of high vigor for seed orchards. This work evaluates the physical and physiological characteristics of seeds from 20 O. discolor trees as a subsidy for selecting superior mother trees. Twenty matrices selected from a population in the state of Amazonas were inventoried. Physical tests were performed on the seeds collected, including water content, biometrics, the weight of one thousand seeds, and coat permeability test. For vigor estimates and classification regarding seed storage, the seeds were frozen for five months. The germination test was carried out at a constant temperature of 30 °C. It was used a completely randomized design consisting of 20 mother trees, 4 replicates, and 25 seeds per plot. The germination characteristics evaluated were germination percentage, speed index, mean germination time, and synchronization index. Cut seeds are more efficient for determining water content. All biometric variables are representative for the selection of vigorous lots, with emphasis on geometric diameter, surface area, and sphericity of seeds. Species seeds were classified as orthodox and as having physical dormancy. The protrusion of the primary root is the best morphological characteristic for evaluating germination in the laboratory. The mother trees 7, 16, and 10 showed superior characteristics for dendrometric and technological data, being indicated for marking, phenological monitoring, and planting.

scholarly journals Development of Liquid Enhancer for Germination of Drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica Seed cv. MR284

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Mahadi ◽  
F. Zawawi ◽  
R. Nulit ◽  
M. H. Ibrahim ◽  
N. I. Ab. Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Selection Of

Aim: This study was conducted to develop liquid enhancer containing KCl, TU, GA, and SA for germination of drought-stressed Oryza sativa subsp. indica cv. MR284 seed. Study Design: All experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design. Two steps were involved in the development process which are to select an ideal concentration for each KCl, TU, GA, and SA, and to find an ideal combination of chemicals from the selection of ideal concentrations acquired in step 1 to form liquid enhancer. There were 20 treatments for step 1 and 9 treatments for step 2. All of these treatments with 6 replicates. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, between June 2018 and December 2018. Methodology: The sterilized rice seed cv. MR284 was stressed in the -1.2 Mpa PEG 6000 solution for three days and germinated in the KCl, TU, GA, and SA solution in a series of concentration for 10 days, in a controlled room. Seed germination was observed daily. Results: In the first step, drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the 30 mM of KCl, 2.0 mM of TU, 0.24 mM GA, and 0.5 mM SA. Meanwhile, in the second step, the drought-stressed rice seed showed the best germination performance in the combination of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.24 mM GA + 0.5 mM SA. The best germination performance was evaluated by the highest germination percentage (%), germination index, seed vigor, leaf length, root length and biomass. Conclusion: Therefore, the combination treatments of 30 mM KCl + 2.0 mM TU + 0.5 mM SA was found to be the most effective and simplest liquid enhancer formula that has an ability to enhance seed germination of drought-stressed rice cv. MR284 seed.

scholarly journals Physiological response of sorghum seeds treated with Arsenicum album submitted to low temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 233-238
Author(s):  
Rosimar Maria Marques ◽  
Bruno Reis ◽  
Anielen Tormena Cavazin ◽  
Flávia Carolina Moreira ◽  
Hingrid Ariane Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Dry Biomass

Introduction: Temperature is one of the main environmental factors that act on plants, affecting physiological processes such as germination and vigor, growth, photosynthesis, water and nutrients uptake, among others [1]. When seeds are exposed to temperature stress during imbibition process occur dramatic changes in the reorganization and function of the plasma membrane impairing the stability and functional structure of the membrane resulting in the decrease on germination and embryo death [2][3]. In plant, stress triggers wide response that extends from the change of gene expression and cell metabolism to changes in growth rate and productivity. The organism’s reaction is a function of plant capacity to produce effects opposite to the action of stressors [4]. Aim: the purpose of this study was to evaluate high dilution effect of Arsenicum album on physiological variables of germination and growth of sorghum. Material and Methods: The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Physiology and Homeopathy at Universidade Estadual de Maringá - UEM. Arsenicum album 6x matrix was acquired in homeopathic laboratory. From matrix, other dilutions were prepared according to Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia [5] with the homeopathic remedies prepared in distilled water (1/10) and succussed by 100 times in mechanical arm (50-Denise Model Autic). For cold test, 50 seeds were distributed on germitest paper moistened to 2.5 times the weight of paper under different dilutions of A. album (9, 12, 18, 24 and 30x) with four replications. The control consisted of distilled water. After sowing, the rolls were placed in plastic bags and sealed, and lead in BOD-chamber at 10°C for 7 days. After this period, the rolls were removed from plastic bags and transferred to BOD-chamber at (25 ± 2)°C, arranged at random where they remained for seven days. Germination percentage (GP%) were evaluated according to Rules for Seed Analysis [6]. The length of primary roots (LPR) and length of hypocotyl (LH) were determined only for seedlings. The total length seedlings (TLS) was calculated as the sum of the lengths of hypocotyl (LH) and primary root (LPR). The fresh biomass (FB) of the seedlings were obtained by removing from their cotyledons, and then weighed on an analytical balance. The dry biomass (DB) was obtained after drying at (80 ± 1)°C for 72h. The experimental design was completely randomized. We adopted the double-blind procedure, thereby avoiding possible researcher interference. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Scott-Knott (P≤ 0.05). Results: Seed exposure for seven days to cold stress at 10º C inhibited the germination percentage (GP%). Dilutions 9 and 18x showed the lowest germination percentage (Figure 1A). The cold inhibited the total length of hypocotyls (LH) the length of the seedlings (TLS), with the lowest values ​​observed in seeds treated with dilution 24x (Figures 1B and 1C). Fresh biomass production of seedlings (FB) also was reduced the dilutions 9, 12 and 24x (Figure 1D). Seedlings treated with the dilution 24x reduced the dry biomass production (DB) (Figure 1E). Conclusions: We can conclude that homeopathy Arsenicum album 24x reduced the germination percentage, the length, fresh and dry biomass of sorghum. Probably the cause of this reduction is the lower absorption/water content in the system. The reduction in water content can be the cause lower values ​​for the variables mentioned. However, the inhibitory action of the 24x dilution in water content is not yet known and will be one of the goals of future work.

scholarly journals Analysis of agronomic and chemical-nutritional variability of fruits in Amazon germplasm of Capsicum chinense

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 2198-2214
Author(s):  
Santina R. SANTANA ◽  
Derly J. H. Da SILVA ◽  
Leonardo L. BHERING ◽  
Ronaldo S. GOMES ◽  
Renato D. S. ROSADO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Capsicum Chinense ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Selection Of

Fruits of Capsicum chinense, a native species of Amazon Basin, express high levels of bioactive components such as vitamin C and carotenoids; some of them with pronounced pro-vitamin A activity such as β-carotene, which confers high economic potential to this species. The characterization of C. chinense germplasm helps in its management and conservation. Therefore, this practice is considered crucial for the identification of genotypes with superior characteristics, especially in relation to agronomic aspects and chemical-nutritional characteristics of fruits. This study aimed to characterize 55 C. chinense accessions collected from the Brazilian Amazon in terms of their agronomic and chemical-nutritional descriptors aiming to identify superior genotypes for these traits. The characterization was performed in a completely randomized design with 5 replications in non-heated environment. There was significant difference for all descriptors, confirming the variability among accessions. High heritability estimates for descriptors, such as fruit yield (95.1%) and vitamin C content of fruit (92.4%), was found to be associated with high CVg/CVe ratios of these traits, indicating a favorable condition for the selection of superior genotypes for these characteristics. A considerable part of the accessions expressed averages higher than the checks, notably for the fruit yield and the content of vitamin C. The cluster analysis resulted in the formation of 11 groups, corroborating the high variability of accessions for the agronomic and chemical-nutritional aspects of fruits. The evaluated C. chinense germplasm thus expressed high fruit yield and vitamin C content in the fruits, which makes it a promising source for the selection of superior genotypes.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of parsley seeds in function of size

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3Supl1) ◽  
pp. 1499-1510
Author(s):  
Renato Téo de Barros ◽  
◽  
Cibele Chalita Martins ◽  
Tatiane Sanches Jeromini ◽  
Givanildo Zildo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Vigor ◽  
Selection Of

Parsley seeds are commercialized without classification by size during processing, unlike other crops. This classification procedure allows the standardization of seed size for high precision in sowing, disposal of unwanted material, and selection of high quality seeds. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of seed size on germination, vigor, and yield performance of two parsley cultivars. Seeds from eight lots of parsley of ‘Portuguesa’ and ‘Chacareira’ cultivar were separated into three size classes, represented by the seeds retained in the sieves of 0.84, 1.00 and 1.41mm mesh opening. After classification, seeds were evaluated in the laboratory for water content, germination percentage, first count, and thousand seed weight. In the field, the fresh and dry weight of aerial part and the final number of plants (stand) were evaluated after 78 days of sowing. The experimental design was the completely randomized design in an 8 x 3 factorial scheme (eight lots and three sieve opening) with four replicates, for both cultivars. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and means were compared using Tukey test at 5% probability level. It was concluded that the parsley seeds separated by the 1.41 mm sieves showed higher vigor, and consequently, greater success in stand establishment at the field than those separated by other sieve size. The use of sieves in the classification of parsley seeds helps in obtaining lots with superior physiological quality.

scholarly journals Physiological ripening of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vellozo) Brenan seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Affonso Fonseca Pires Neto ◽  
Victória Campos Monteiro Pires ◽  
Cristiano Bueno Moraes ◽  
Lucicleia Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
Augustus Caeser Franke Portella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Maximum Dimension ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract: The seed physiological maturity knowledgment is critical determine its maximum production and physiological quality. The objective of this study was to determine the ideal time to harvest by evaluating seeds physiological maturity. Seventeen weekly harvests of fruits and seeds from matrices located in the Brazilian city of Botucatu, SP, were performed from May to September 2001. Fruits size and weight, seed water content and dry matter, and germination and emission of primary root were evaluated. Seeds showed maximum dimension in the thirteenth week of collection, while the highest fruit weight was obtained in the twelfth week of collection. Water content decreased over time. Seeds dry matter showed its highest value in the sixteenth week harvest, while germination percentage showed its highest value between the fourteenth and fifteenth week harvest. The percentage of primary root emission was observed with maximum value in the tenth week harvest. Based on the results, it is concluded that the best Anadenanthera colubrina harvest season occurs between the fourteenth and fifteenth weeks.

Selection of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivar and growing site improves germination and uniformity for sprout production

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. F. Fowler ◽  
D. W. Turner ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Initial Seed ◽  
Seed Water Content ◽  
Selection Of

Uniform imbibition and germination of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds is very important for sprout production for human consumption. The imbibition and germination of 3 cultivars of field pea, Dunwa, Dundale, and Helena, each grown at Mullewa, Merredin, and Scaddan in the grainbelt of Western Australia, were investigated in laboratory experiments. The ability of field pea to germinate was affected by cultivar and the environment under which seed development occurred on the parent plant. Averaged over locations, germination of the cv. Dundale (82%) was lower than of Dunwa (93%) or Helena (95%). Germination of seeds ranged from 85% for those grown at Merredin to 91% at Scaddan and 94% at Mullewa. The effect of growing location on germination was most pronounced in cv. Dundale from Merredin where the largest number of hard seeds was observed. Initial seed water content was positively (r2 = 0.55*) correlated with germination across cultivars and sites. Small and large seeds within a seed lot with the same initial seed water content had a similar germination percentage. During imbibition, water entered the seed through the strophiole and this would be an appropriate place to look for a mechanism that affects imbibition. Careful selection of cultivar and favourable growing site should improve germination for the sprout producer.

Maximum Contact Time of “Piatã Grass” Brachiaria brizantha (Poaceae) Seeds with Fertilizer for Germination

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Anne Caroline Dallabrida Avelino ◽  
Dayana Aparecida de Faria ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral ◽  
Joadil Gonçalves de Abreu ◽  
Elisangela Clarete Camili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Maximum Contact

Data regarding the mixing of palisade grass seeds with fertilizers are scarce and contradictory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the maximum contact time without significant damage on physiological quality of Piatã grass seeds when mixed with 05:25:15 NPK fertilizer. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. Treatments consisted of six contact times of the seeds with the fertilizer: 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. The variables following variables were evaluated: water content, germination percentage, first germination count, seed viability, eletrical conductivity, accelerated aging, emergence percentage and emergence speed index. Except for the water content, there was an effect of the fertilizer contact times with the seeds over all variables. There was a decreasing linear effect of the contact time of the seeds with the fertilizer for all variables, except for electrical conductivity. The average water content of 10.09% was observed. After 120 hours of the fertilizer/seeds mixture, a reduction of 36.4% was observed in germination, of 36.7% in the first germination count, of 25.0% in seed viability, and of 65.0% in the germination of seeds subjected to the accelerated aging. There was an increase of 170.0% in the electrical conductivity of the Piatã grass seeds. The minimum standard of 60% germination, viability or emergence, required for the commercialization of forage seeds, should be maintained to ensure the ideal forage population in the establishment of the crop. Based on the emergence and viability tests, the commercialization levels can be maintained by performing the fertilizer/seeds mixture up to 63 hours before sowing. After 63 hours of seed and fertilizer mixing, a reduction of the initial vigor of the seeds can be observed, although not compromising the crop establishment or causing degradation of soil. Therefore, Piatã grass seeds can be mixed with the 05:25:15 NPK fertilizer up to 63 hours before sowing.

scholarly journals Seed Germination as Assessment for “ex situ” Conservation of Diplotaxis sp

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Laura LAZAR ◽  
Doru PAMFIL ◽  
Mihai Lucian LUNG
Keyword(s):  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Storage Behavior ◽  
Storage Methods ◽  
Selection Of

The effective seed storage methods provide a unique opportunity to preserve large amount of germplasm. Evaluation of the physiological status of the seeds before and after the storage is required for better selection of the methods and lots of seeds for conservation. To evaluate the status of the seeds, 26 accessions of different species were evaluated in two consecutive years. Four replicates of 50 seeds of each population were induced to germinate in 2010 and three replicates of 50 sees in 2011. A 2 × 2x2 factorial experiment investigated the interactive effects of accession, culture medium and year at a temperature >20OC. The germination and the Germination Velocity Index were evaluated. The results showed that there was no loss of viability before and after storage but some of the accessions had germination percentage under 50%. This happened mainly to the seeds gathered from the wild and to one commercial variety in 2010. In 2011 all accessions showed good germination with better results on agar than on filter paper.  Seeds of Diplotaxis sp possess orthodox storage behavior and therefore they are suited for ex situ conservation in seed banks.

scholarly journals SEED GERMINATION OF Pouteria torta (MART.) RADLK. SUBESP. torta IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

FLORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 923
Author(s):  
Ademir Kleber Morbeck Oliveira ◽  
Jose Carlos Pina
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mean Germination Time

Germination is considered a critical step in the seedling production process aiming the recovery of environments. Thus, understanding the germination behavior of native species with potential for economic use contributes to the development of the forest seed and seedling chain. Considering the limited information on the tree species Pouteria torta subesp. torta, this study aimed to evaluate its seed germination and formation of normal seedlings using different temperatures and substrates. The experiment was conducted in germination chamber in a research laboratory using two substrates (paper and vermiculite) and six temperatures (20, 25, 30, 35, 20-30 and 25-35 °C) in a completely randomized design in a 2x6 factorial arrangement. Daily evaluation was conducted to verify primary root emission, seed vigor, and seedling formation. The results indicated that the primary root protrusion process began after 20 days of testing under the best conditions, with germination time lasting longer than two months. The results obtained also showed that there was interaction between factors, with use of the vermiculite substrate and the temperatures of 35 and 25-35 °C producing the best germination rates and germination speed index, and use of the paper substrate and the temperatures of 30 and 35 °C showing the best mean germination time. Considering the analyzed variables (germination, germination speed index, and formation of normal seedlings), the temperatures of 35 and 25-35 °C and the vermiculite substrate are the most suitable for the production of Pouteria torta subesp. torta seedlings.

scholarly journals Germination of Syzygium malaccense and Syzygium jambos seeds under different thermal conditions and seedling morphology

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Nacata ◽  
Renata Aparecida de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Primary Root ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Syzygium Jambos ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

Abstract The objective of this research was to analyze the influence of temperature on seed germination and seedling morphology for the S. malaccense and . S. jambosFor germination, 250 seeds of each species, of ripe fruits, were used, which were washed in running water, dried in room condition for 24 hours and disinfected. The seeds were placed in plastic boxes with medium texture vermiculite substrate and submitted to different temperatures: 20, 25, 30, 35ºC and 20-30°C in BOD`S, in a completely randomized design. The variables analyzed were: daily germination percentage, polyembryony and GSI. For morphological characterization, 30 seeds of both each species, submitted to a temperature of 30oC and samples were collected at intervals representative of the germination. There is no influence of temperature on the germination of S. malacense seeds and for S. jambos there are losses of 35oC. The temperatures of 25 20-30 and 30oC, influence the highest percentage of polyembryony for S. malaccense, for S. jambos, only the temperature of 35oC affected this process. The temperatures of 20 and 25oC decreased the GSI, for both species. The seeds have green cotyledons, hypogeal germination with brown primary root and whitish, short and filiform secondary roots.

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