scholarly journals Expression of NCED gene in colored cotton genotypes subjected to water stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 692-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre M. S. de Souza ◽  
Vandré G. L. Batista ◽  
Morganna P. N. Pinheiro ◽  
Janivan F. Suassuna ◽  
Liziane M. de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Nced Gene ◽  
Response To Water

ABSTRACT Considering that the NCED gene acts on the biosynthetic cascade of ABA, a hormone involved in the functioning of stomata and consequently in the regulation of transpiration, the aim of this research was to analyze the expression of this gene in colored cotton genotypes subjected to water stress at the beginning of plant growth. Four colored cotton genotypes were used, subjected to two managements, with and without water stress, beginning the treatments when the blade of the first true leaves reached an area that allowed the evaluation of gas exchange. For the studies of the expression of the NCED gene, via RT-qPCR, leaves were collected on three distinct dates: at 4 and 6 days of water stress, and after the plants regained their turgor. The differential expression of NCED was found in all genotypes, with higher levels of expression related to six days of water stress. When the stomatal conductance was around 25%, there was overexpression in the genotype CNPA 2009.13, followed by CNPA 2009.6, BRS SAFIRA and CNPA 2009.11, confirming the data obtained in the semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The NCED gene is involved in the response to water stress in the vegetative phase of colored cotton.

scholarly journals Exploration of physiological and biochemical processes of canola with exogenously applied fertilizers and plant growth regulators under drought stress

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260960
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mahran Aslam ◽  
Fozia Farhat ◽  
Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui ◽  
Shafquat Yasmeen ◽  
Muhammad Tahir Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Membrane Stability Index ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Water Contents

Environmental stresses may alter the nutritional profile and economic value of crops. Chemical fertilizers and phytohormones are major sources which can enhance the canola production under stressful conditions. Physio-biochemical responses of canola altered remarkably with the use of nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium (N/P/K) fertilizers and plant growth regulators (PGRs) under drought stress. The major aim of current study was to evaluate nutritional quality and physio-biochemical modulation in canola (Brassica napus L.) from early growth to seed stage with NPK and PGRs in different water regimes. To monitor biochemical and physiological processes in canola, two season field experiment was conducted as spilt plot under randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four treatments (Control, Chemical fertilizers [N (90 kg/ha), P and K (45 kg ha-1)], PGRs; indole acetic acid (IAA) 15g ha-1, gibberellic acid (GA3) 15g ha-1 and the combination of NPK and PGRs] under different irrigations regimes (60, 100, 120, 150 mm evaporations). Water stress enhanced peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), soluble sugar, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline contents as well as leaf temperature while substantially reduced leaf water contents (21%), stomatal conductance (50%), chlorophyll contents (10–67%), membrane stability index (24%) and grain yield (30%) of canola. However, the combined application of NPK and PGR further increased the enzymatic antioxidant pool, soluble sugars, along with recovery of leaf water contents, chlorophyll contents, stomatal conductance and membrane stability index but decreased the proline contents and leaf temperature at different rate of evaporation. There is positive interaction of applied elicitors to the water stress in canola except leaf area. The outcomes depicted that the combination of NPK with PGRs improved the various morpho-physiological as well as biochemical parameters and reduced the pressure of chemical fertilizers cost about 60%. It had also reduced the deleterious effect of water limitation on the physiology and grain yield and oil contents of canola in field experiments.

scholarly journals Effects of Climate Temperature and Water Stress on Plant Growth and Accumulation of Antioxidant Compounds in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leafy Vegetable

Scientifica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Al-Huqail ◽  
Rehab M. El-Dakak ◽  
Marwa Nme Sanad ◽  
Reem H. Badr ◽  
Mohamed M. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Response To Water

The effects of climate temperature and water stress on growth and several stress markers were investigated in sweet basil plants. Some growth parameters (shoot length and number of leaves) and photosynthetic chlorophyll contents were determined every two days during plant growth, and foliage leaf material was collected after 15 and 21 days of treatment. Both climate temperature and water stress inhibited sweet basil plant growth; especially, total chlorophyll levels were decreased significantly in response to high-temperature treatments. Under strong stresses, basil plants induced the synthesis and accumulation of glycine betaine (GB) as a secondary osmolyte, although at less content when compared with the proline content under the same stress conditions. Proline concentrations particularly increased in leaves of both basil stressed plants, accomplishing levels high enough to play a crucial role in cellular osmoregulation adjustment. Stress-induced accumulation of these antioxidant compounds was detected in sweet basil. Therefore, it appears that sweet basil-treated plants are able to synthesize antioxidant compounds under strong stress conditions. On the other hand, total sugar concentrations decreased in stress-treated basil plants. Both temperature and water stress treatments caused oxidative stress in the treated plants, as indicated by a significant increment in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. An increase in total phenolic and flavonoid concentrations in response to water stress and a highly significant decrease in carotenoid concentrations in basil leaves were observed; flavonoids also increased under high climate temperature conditions.

scholarly journals Variability among Young Table Grape Cultivars in Response to Water Deficit and Water Use Efficiency

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Weiler ◽  
Nikolaus Merkt ◽  
Jens Hartung ◽  
Simone Graeff-Hönninger
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Water Limitation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Grape Cultivars

Climate change will lead to higher frequencies and durations of water limitations during the growing season, which may affect table grape yield. The aim of this experiment was to determine the variability among 3-year old table grape cultivars under the influence of prolonged water deficit during fruit development on gas exchange, growth, and water use efficiency. Six own rooted, potted table grape cultivars (cv. ‘Muscat Bleu’, ‘Fanny’, ‘Nero’, ‘Palatina’, ‘Crimson Seedless’ and ‘Thompson Seedless’) were subjected to three water deficit treatments (Control treatment with daily irrigation to 75% of available water capacity (AWC), moderate (50% AWC), and severe water deficit treatment (25% AWC)) for three consecutive years during vegetative growth/fruit development. Water deficit reduced assimilation, stomatal conductance, and transpiration, and increased water use efficiencies (WUE) with severity of water limitation. While leaf area and number of leaves were not affected by treatments in any of the tested cultivars, the response of specific leaf area to water deficit depended on the cultivar. Plant dry mass decreased with increasing water limitation. Overall, high variability of cultivars to gas exchange and water use efficiencies in response to water limitation was observed. ’Palatina’ was the cultivar having a high productivity (high net assimilation) and low water use (low stomatal conductance) and the cultivar ‘Fanny’ was characterized by the highest amount of total annual dry mass as well as the highest total dry mass production per water supplied during the experiment (WUEDM). Hence, ‘Fanny’ and ‘Palatina’ have shown to be cultivars able to cope with water limiting conditions and should be extensively tested in further studies.

scholarly journals IS ABSCISIC ACID INVOLVED IN THE DROUGHT RESPONSES OF BRAZILIAN GREEN DWARF COCONUT?

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. GOMES ◽  
M. A. OLIVA ◽  
M. S. MIELKE ◽  
A-A. F. DE ALMEIDA ◽  
H. G. LEITE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Recovery Cycles ◽  
Mild Drought

SUMMARYAbscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in leaves of drought-stressed coconut palms and its involvement with stomatal regulation of gas exchange during and after stress were investigated. Two Brazilian Green Dwarf coconut ecotypes from hot/humid and hot/dry environments were submitted to three consecutive drying/recovery cycles under greenhouse conditions. ABA accumulated in leaflets before significant changes in pre-dawn leaflet water potential (ΨPD) and did not recover completely in the two ecotypes after 8 days of rewatering. Stomatal conductance was influenced by ABA under mild drought and by ΨPD under severe drought. There were no significant differences between the ecotypes for most variables measured. However, the ecotype from a hot/dry environment showed higher water use efficiency after repeated cycles of water stress.

scholarly journals Interactive Impacts of Beneficial Microbes and Si-Zn Nanocomposite on Growth and Productivity of Soybean Subjected to Water Deficit under Salt-Affected Soil Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1396
Author(s):  
Hany S. Osman ◽  
Salah M. Gowayed ◽  
Mohssen Elbagory ◽  
Alaa El-Dein Omara ◽  
Ahmed M. Abd El-Monem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Salt Affected Soil

Water stress or soil salinity is considered the major environmental factor affecting plant growth. When both challenges are present, the soil becomes infertile, limiting plant productivity. In this work a field experiment was conducted during the summer 2019 and 2020 seasons to evaluate whether plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) and nanoparticles (Si-ZnNPs) have the potential to maintain soybean growth, productivity, and seed quality under different watering intervals (every 11 (IW0), 15 (IW1) and 19 (IW2) days) in salt-affected soil. The most extended watering intervals (IW1 and IW2) caused significant increases in Na+ content, and oxidative damage indicators (malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL%)), which led to significant reductions in soybean relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance, leaf K+, photosynthetic pigments, soluble protein. Subsequently reduced the vegetative growth (root length, nodules dry weight, and total leaves area) and seeds yield. However, there was an enhancement in the antioxidants defense system (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant). The individual application of PGPMs or Si-ZnNPs significantly improved leaf K+ content, photosynthetic pigments, RWC, stomatal conductance, total soluble sugars (TSS), CAT, POD, SOD, number of pods plant−1, and seed yield through decreasing the leaf Na+ content, MDA, and EL%. The combined application of PGPMs and Si-ZnNPs minimized the adverse impact of water stress and soil salinity by maximizing the root length, heavier nodules dry weight, leaves area, TSS and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which resulted in higher soybean growth and productivity, which suggests their use under harsh growing conditions.

scholarly journals Differences in biochemical, gas exchange and hydraulic response to water stress in desiccation tolerant and sensitive fronds of the fern Anemia caffrorum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miquel Nadal ◽  
Tim J. Brodribb ◽  
Beatriz Fernández‐Marín ◽  
José Ignacio García‐Plazaola ◽  
Miren Irati Arzac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Hydraulic Response

scholarly journals Effects of Short-term Water Stress, Hydrophilic Polymer Amendment, and Antitranspirant on Stomatal Status, Transpiration, Water Loss, and Growth in `Better Boy' Tomato Plants

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 647f-648
Author(s):  
Sanliang Gu ◽  
Sunghee Guak ◽  
Leslie H. Fuchigami ◽  
Charles H. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Hydrophilic Polymer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Transpirational Water Loss

Seedling plugs of `Better Boy' tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were potted in processed fiber:perlite (60:40% by volume) media amended or nonamended with either crystalline or powdered hydrophilic polymer (2.4 kg·m–3), and treated with one of the several concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%) of antitranspirant GLK-8924, at the four true-leaf stage. Plants were either well-irrigated or subjected to short-term water stress, water withholding for 3 days, after antitranspirant GLK-8924 application. Leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, whole plant transpirational water loss, and growth were depressed by short-term water stress and antitranspirant GLK-8924. In contrast, hydrophilic polymer amendment increased plant growth, resulting in higher transpirational water loss. The depression of stomatal conductance and transpiration rate by short-term water stress was reversed completely in 2 days after rewatering while the reduction of plant growth rate diminished immediately. The effects of antitranspirant GLK-8924 were nearly proportional to its concentration and lasted 8 days on stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, 4 days on plant growth rate, and throughout the experimental period on plant height and transpirational water loss. Plant growth was reduced by antitranspirant GLK-8924 possibly by closing leaf stomata. In contrast, hydrophilic polymer amendment resulted in larger plants by factors other than influences attributed to stomatal status. Hydrophilic polymer amendment did not interact with antitranspirant GLK-8924 on all variables measured. The application of antitranspirant GLK-8924 was demonstrated to be useful for regulating plant water status, plant growth and protecting plants from short-term water stress.

scholarly journals Role of leaf hydraulic conductance in the regulation of stomatal conductance in almond and olive in response to water stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Hernandez-Santana ◽  
Celia M. Rodriguez-Dominguez ◽  
J. Enrique Fernández ◽  
Antonio Diaz-Espejo
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Leaf Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Response To Water

Response to water stress of Italian alder seedlings from diverse geographic origins

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1071-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Borghetti ◽  
S. Cocco ◽  
M. Lambardi ◽  
S. Raddi
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Internal Water ◽  
Response To Water

The morphological and physiological response to water stress was studied in 2-year-old potted Italian alder (Alnuscordata Loisel.) seedlings. Leaf area, transpiration, stomatal conductance, and xylem water potential were measured during May 1987 on seedlings from five geographic sources grown (i) with soil water content close to field capacity and (ii) with a severe drought. Significant differences in leaf area were found, at the end of the experiment, between drought-stressed and well-watered plants. As drought progressed, plants displayed a reduction of xylem water potentials and a decrease in stomatal conductance. However, transpiration did not stop completely, and seedlings were not able to maintain a favourable internal water status. Osmotic potentials for the undiluted cell sap, estimated from pressure–volume curves, were between −0.9 and −1.3 MPa. In June 1988, a similar experiment was carried out using seedlings from only one geographic source. A simultaneous decrease of transpiration, xylem potential, and net photosynthesis was observed in seedlings subjected to the drought treatment. During both experiments, a recovery of physiological parameters was observed, after rewatering. Some differences between provenances were detected. The provenance from Corsica showed the greatest sensitivity to water stress; a seed source from the province of Avellino (Campania, south Italy) was able to maintain a more favourable internal water status, as drought progressed.

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