scholarly journals Reading comprehension on the last grades of cicles I and II of elementary school

CoDAS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-285
Author(s):  
Eliane Mi Chang ◽  
Clara Regina Brandão de Avila
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Good Readers ◽  
Spearman Coefficient ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
And Control

PURPOSE: To characterize students' performance in Cycle I and II of the Elementary School (EF), in decoding, reading comprehension and underlying skills of reading, and investigate correlations between these variables, in the absence and presence of reading comprehension deficits, identified by their teachers.METHODS: 125 students from ES were grouped according to Cycle and presence or absence of reading comprehension impairments. Two Control (good readers from both Cycles) and two Research groups (poor readers from both Cycles) were established. Assessment involved: fluency and reading comprehension; oral comprehension; working and short-term phonological memory; grammar closure. It was compared (Mann-Whitney test): in intragroup study, both Control and Research groups; in intergroup study, Control and Research from different cycles, and Control I and Research II. Spearman coefficient investigated correlations.RESULTS: Analyzing reading comprehension, we observed better performance of Control Groups in all tasks in comparison to the respective Research Groups, and better performance of Control II in comparison to Control I. Research Groups had similar results in most tests. Positive correlations have been observed between most of the variables.CONCLUSION: Students without reading comprehension impairments showed better performance in reading in both Cycles. Working memory and oral comprehension did not differentiate students with and without complaints in Cycle I, differently from what was observed in Cycle II. Research II presented similar or better performance than Research I and similar or worse performance than Control I. Underlying skills showed different profiles of correlation with reading comprehension capacity, according to the group.

High physiological levels of epinephrine do not enhance muscle glycogenolysis during tetanic stimulation

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 956-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chesley ◽  
D. J. Dyck ◽  
L. L. Spriet
Keyword(s):  
Tetanic Stimulation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Perfusion Medium ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Muscle Lactate ◽  
Rest Perfusion ◽  
Train Duration ◽  
Fast Twitch ◽  
And Control ◽  
White Gastrocnemius

This study examined whether high physiological concentrations of epinephrine (EPI) would enhance muscle glycogenolysis during intense muscular contractions. Muscles of the rat hindlimb were perfused for 12 min at rest and 45 s of tetanic stimulation (1.0-Hz train rate, 100-ms train duration at 80 Hz) without EPI (control) or with 15 or 35 nM EPI. In the EPI groups the muscles were perfused with EPI for the last 2 min of rest perfusion and throughout stimulation. Glycogenolysis in the white gastrocnemius, red gastrocnemius, plantaris, and soleus muscles during stimulation was unaffected by the presence of EPI in the perfusion medium. In addition, muscle lactate and hindlimb lactate efflux were similar in EPI and control groups. It is concluded that EPI is not important for enhancing glycogenolysis in rat muscles composed predominantly of fast-twitch fibers during intense short-term tetanic stimulation.

Subhypnotic dose of intravenous propofol stimulates appetite in cats with stress-induced anorexia

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (8) ◽  
pp. e58-e58
Author(s):  
Victry Fredley ◽  
Rachael Kreisler ◽  
Kirk Miller
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Delayed Onset ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Median Amount ◽  
Food Consumed

BackgroundStress-induced anorexia is common in cats. While medications are available to stimulate appetite, many require oral administration, have delayed onset-of-action or cause adverse side effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether cats diagnosed with stress-induced anorexia given a subhypnotic dose of intravenous propofol would have increased short-term appetite as compared to those given placebo.MethodsAnorexic shelter cats received either 1 mg/kg propofol or 1 mL saline placebo and then presented with various commercial cat foods. Grams of food consumed was measured at 15 and 30 min, and total grams compared between treatment and control groups using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. 12 cats were enrolled, with six cats randomly assigned to each group.ResultsThe median amount consumed by the treatment group was 31 g (range: 0–72), with the median for the four cats (67 per cent) who consumed food being 45 g (range: 26–72), or 49 per cent of their daily maintenance calorie requirement. The median amount consumed by control cats was 0 g (range: 0–5), with one cat consuming food. Total grams consumed was different between treatment and control groups (P=0.05).ConclusionA subhypnotic dose of intravenous propofol increased appetite in cats with stress-induced anorexia for a 30 min period.

scholarly journals Hypothalamus-Related Resting Brain Network Underlying Short-Term Acupuncture Treatment in Primary Hypertension

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Chen ◽  
Jianping Dai ◽  
Xiaozhe Zhang ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Shuhua Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Acupuncture Treatment ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
And Control

The present study attempted to explore modulated hypothalamus-seeded resting brain network underlying the cardiovascular system in primary hypertensive patients after short-term acupuncture treatment. Thirty right-handed patients (14 male) were divided randomly into acupuncture and control groups. The acupuncture group received a continuous five-day acupuncture treatment and undertook three resting-state fMRI scans and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) as well as SF-36 questionnaires before, after, and one month after acupuncture treatment. The control group undertook fMRI scans and 24-hour ABPM. For verum acupuncture, average blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) decreased after treatment but showed no statistical differences. There were no significant differences in BP and HR between the acupuncture and control groups. Notably, SF-36 indicated that bodily pain (P= 0.005) decreased and vitality (P= 0.036) increased after acupuncture compared to the baseline. The hypothalamus-related brain network showed increased functional connectivity with the medulla, brainstem, cerebellum, limbic system, thalamus, and frontal lobes. In conclusion, short-term acupuncture did not decrease BP significantly but appeared to improve body pain and vitality. Acupuncture may regulate the cardiovascular system through a complicated brain network from the cortical level, the hypothalamus, and the brainstem.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of an Intervention Program for Linguistics Skill Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (67) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acácia Aparecida Angeli dos Santos ◽  
Katya Luciane de Oliveira ◽  
Neide de Brito Cunha ◽  
Paula Cristina Camargo Osés
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Students ◽  
Formal Instruction ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Spelling Word

Abstract: The importance of language and its formal instruction during the initial school phase has stimulated studies that seek options to implement them successfully. From this perspective, this study aimed to verify the effects of an intervention program on the language skills assessed. The participants were sixth-grade elementary school students evaluated in reading comprehension, spelling, word recognition and metatextual awareness. The intervention program was performed with 103 students, divided into experimental (EG) and control groups (CG). The experimental group attended 10 sessions, which included the use of gradual Cloze technique in texts of various textual genres, which were intended to develop the reading comprehension and the development of metatextual awareness. Analyses indicated the superiority of EG over the CG in the post-test. New studies are needed to permit the generalization of the results.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF JIGSAW ON READING COMPREHENSION OF ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Febriana Hidayati ◽  
Dedeh Rohayati
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Grade Student ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Group Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Experimental Group

This paper investigates the effectiveness of Jigsaw on reading comprehension of analytical exposition text. The problems in this research are whether jigsaw has  significant difference in reading comprehension of analytical exposition text between students who are taught by using jigsaw learning and those who are taught by using Grammar-Translation Method and how the participants in the experimental group response toward the jigsaw instruction after the treatment. The population of this research was the eleventh grade student of Senior High School in  Tasikmalaya in the academic year 2016/2017 consisting of 48 students. The instruments, achievement test used to collect data were pre-test and post-test to experimental and control groups. They served to measure students’ reading comprehension of analytical exposition text by using jigsaw . The instrument, questionnaire was used to collect data about the participants’ response towards  using jigsaw  in comprehending analytical exposition text. From the research, it could be obtained the t-observed value was 2.410,  whereas t-critical was 2.021.It means the alternative hypothesis is accepted and the nul hypothesis is rejected. It can be concluded that there is significant difference in reading comprehension of analytical exposition text between students who are taught by using jigsaw learning and those who are taught by using it. Keywords: Jigsaw , reading comprehension, analytical exposition text

scholarly journals Cue-Based Feeding and Short-Term Health Outcomes of Premature Infants in Newborn Intensive Care Units(NICU) : A None-Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
samane Sefatbaqa ◽  
Yadollah Zahedpasha ◽  
Marzieh Hasanpour ◽  
Karimollah Hajian Tilaki ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zarkesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Newborn Intensive Care ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Feedings based on behavioral cues is a method relying on infants’ behavioral expressions of readiness to feed. The objective of this interventional study was to determine the effect of cue-based feeding on the short-term health outcomes of preterm infants.Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a historical or phase lag design. It involved 60 preterm infants admitted to an Iranian referral hospital’s Level III-Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) from June 2018 until January 2019. The experimental group (n=30) received a three-step intervention of offering behavioral-cue-based oral (BCBO) feedings: Step 1 – One BCBO feeding every twelve hours for three days; Step 2 - Two BCBO feedings every 12 hours for three days; and Step 3 – All feedings as BCBO feedings for three days. The control group received standard care feedings. Group difference data were analyzed with SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The infants’ mean weight at time of discharge for the intervention and control groups were 1492.79 ± 21.65 gr and 1395.71 ± 17.61 gr (P = .003) respectively. The mean durations of achieving full oral feedings in the intervention and control groups were 17 ± 6 and 20 ± 11 days, respectively (P = .19). The mean frequencies of hypoxia were 1 ± 1.54 and 5 ± 9.31 respectively (P = .03) and of gavage feedings 725 ± 584 and 1846 ± 2097 respectively (P = .009). No apnea events were reported for the intervention group; the frequency of apnea in the control group was 1 ± 2.11 (P = .16).Conclusion: The findings indicate that cue-based feeding is beneficial for preterm infants. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses employ cue-based feeding in the NICU.Trial Registration: IRCT20170828035962N2. Registered, 27 /05/ 2018- Prospectively registered, https://www.irct.ir/trial/27024.

scholarly journals The Effect of Communicative Approach towards Students’ Reading Comprehension on The Eighth Grade of SMP PGRI 3 South Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Utami Utami ◽  
Doni Anggoro Ari Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
T Test ◽  
Eighth Grade ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
And Control

The research aims at finding out the effect of Communicative Approach’s learning model to the students’ reading ability. The research was conducted at SMP PGRI 3 South Jakarta. The method applied was experimental research. Samples were taken randomly and grouped in two classes of experiment and control consisting of 30 students of each group. The analysis of data for hypothesis test was by using t-test. Prior to the calculation of hypothesis test, it was preceded by the calculation of normality test by applying Lilliefors and homogenity test with F-test. Findings show that for experiment class, Lcount = 0.1097 and Ltabel = 0.161, even controll class it is obtained Lcount = 0.1214 and Ltable = 0.161. if Fcount= 1.32 and Ftable=1,84. It can be concluded that both research groups are normally distributed and the data is homogenous with α = 0.05. the hypothesis test with t-test statistic formula, it is obtained that tcount is 2.46 and ttable is 1.67. After being compared, tcount value is somewhat higher than ttable value (2.46 > 1.67).

scholarly journals The Effect of Applying Skimming Technique on Grade XI Students’ Reading Comprehension

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Jefri Wijaya Hutabarat And Tina Mariany Arifin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was conducted as an attempt to discover the effect of applying skimming technique on Grade XI students’ reading comprehension. It was an experimental research. The subject was students of Grade XI, Private Senior High School (Sekolah Menengah Atas Swasta: SMA) Methodist-7, which consisted of 60 students. The research was divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The instrument used to collect the data was reading comprehension test. To obtain the reliability of the test, the writer applied Kuder Richardson 21 formula. The result of the reliability was 0.89. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The analyze showed that the scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than the scores of the students in the control group at the level of significance 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 60 , t-observed value 3.71 > t-table value 2.00. Based on the reliability of the test, it was found that the test was reliable. The findings indicated that using Skimming Technique significantly affected the students’ reading comprehension. So, English teachers are suggested to use Skimming Technique in order to improve students’ reading comprehension.   Keywords: Skimming Technique, Reading Comprehension, Experimental Research.

scholarly journals Safety and efficacy study: Short-term application of radiofrequency ablation and stereotactic body radiotherapy for Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer stage 0–B1 hepatocellular carcinoma

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245076
Author(s):  
Feiqian Wang ◽  
Kazushi Numata ◽  
Atsuya Takeda ◽  
Katsuaki Ogushi ◽  
Hiroyuki Fukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
And Control

Aim To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the administration of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in the short term to the same patients in Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages 0–B1. Methods From April 2014 to June 2019, we retrospectively reviewed BCLC stage 0–B1 patients with fresh hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions that were repeatedly treated by RFA (control group, n = 72), and by RFA and subsequent SBRT (case group, n = 26). Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce the selection bias between two groups. Recurrence, survival, Child–Pugh scores and short-term side effects (fever, bleeding, skin change, abdominal pain and fatigue) were recorded and analyzed. Results After PSM, 21 patients remained in each group. Seventeen and 20 patients in the case and control groups experienced recurrence. For these patients, the median times to progression and follow-up were 10.7 and 35.8 months, respectively. After PSM, the 1-year progression-free survival rate in case and control groups were 66.7% and 52.4%, respectively (P = 0.313). The inter-group overall survival (OS) was comparable (3 and 5-year OS rates in case groups were 87.3% and 74.8%, while rates in control groups were 73.7% and 46.3%, respectively; P = 0.090). The short-term side effects were mild, and the incidence showed no inter-group difference. The 1-year rates of the Child–Pugh score deterioration of ≥2 in case and control groups were 23.8% and 33.3% (P > 0.05), respectively. Conclusion The short-term administration of RFA and SBRT to the same BCLC stage 0–B1 patients may be feasible and effective because of their good prognosis and safety.

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