Measles vaccination: influence of age on its efficacy

The authors compare the serologic efficacy and the clinical protection afforded by three different measles vaccination schemes in adequately nourished children in São Paulo city, Brazil. Two hundred forty two children were divided into three groups. Group A, comprising 117 children who had received the vaccine before 12 months of age and a second dose at 12 months of age or more. Group B, comprising 46 children who had received only one dose, before 12 months of age. Group C, comprising 79 children who had received only one dose, at 12 months of age or more. The geometric mean titer of antibodies in Group A was 790.1; in Group B, 251.1; and in Group C, 550.3. There was no statistically significant difference between Groups A and C. The exposure to the measles virus was probably similar in all groups, and the children in Groups A and C had similar chances of acquiring the disease after vaccination whereas in Group B the chances were higher when compared to the other two groups. The results obtained in this study favor the use, in developing countries, of a vaccination program against measles that includes an early first dose at eight months of age and revaccination after 12 months of age.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND AND SCAR MOBILIZATION OVER PERSISTENT POSTNATAL DYSPAREUNIA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i9.18757 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Mariyam Farzana Sf ◽

Ponmathi P ◽

Sivakumar Pvr

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Therapeutic Ultrasound ◽

Ultrasound Therapy ◽

Age Group ◽

Functional Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Objective: Dyspareunia is known as the painful sexual intercourse. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness between therapeutic ultrasound and scar mobilization in persistent postnatal dyspareunia.Methods: This is an experimental study. 30 subjects with superficial dyspareunia, age group between 25 and 35 years are taken in this study and 15 subjects in Group A were treated with ultrasound therapy, 15 subjects in Group B were treated with scar mobilization. Female sexual functional index questionnaire (FSFI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used as the outcome measure.Results: Results showed a significant difference in FSFI and VAS measurements in both the groups, but clinically Group A showed better improvement in pain and quality of life than Group B.Conclusion: There is no significant difference between ultrasound therapy and scar mobilization over the pain and quality of life in patients with persistent postnatal dyspareunia.

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Gamma interferon levels among Bangladeshi children after measles vaccination

Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin ◽

10.3329/bmrcb.v40i3.25234 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 118-121

Author(s):

S Sultana ◽

S Tabassum ◽

A Nessa ◽

M Jahan

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Single Dose ◽

Measles Virus ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Gamma Interferon ◽

Age Group ◽

Measles Vaccine ◽

Live Virus ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Measles Vaccination

Gamma interferon (IFN-?) plays an important role in the immune response to live measles virus vaccination. To study the immune response to measles vaccination, IFN-? level was estimated in 30 children. Of these, 24 children vaccinated with a single dose of measles vaccine at nine months of age and 06 children vaccinated with a second dose during the Measles Catch-up Immunization campaign. Measles vaccine strain was cultured in Vero cell line and the Tissue Culture Infective Dose (TCID)50 was used as standard live virus. Peripheral blood Mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was separated by Ficoll- Hypaque density gradient centrifugation and stimulated with measles virus antigens and mitogens (lectin), cultured in CO2 and IFN-? level was measured from culture supernatant by ELISA. On stimulation with measles antigen and lectin respectively, IFN-? level was highest (105 pg/ml and 226.54 pg/ml) in the 109-120 months age group while it was lowest (12.97±8.16 pg/ml and 13.16±8.0 pg/ml) in the 61-72 months age group. No significant difference was observed in IFN-? level after stimulation with either measles antigen or lectin among well-nourished (p<0.8) and mal-nourished (p<0.7) children suggesting that nutritional status did not have any effect on IFN-? level. However, IFN-? level was higher in children who received two dose of measles vaccine than those who received a single dose (p<0.001).Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2014; 40 (3): 118-121

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Impact of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20210077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 186

Author(s):

Prabhat Pandey ◽

Neeraj Dokania ◽

Pooja Pandey ◽

Ajay Singh Raghuwanshi

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Age Group ◽

Percentage Mortality ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

The Impact ◽

Hba1c Levels

Background: People with diabetes have an increased prevalence of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD) and experience higher morbidity and mortality after acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarction than people without diabetes. Diabetes also appears to be a major cause of the higher rate of both short and long-term mortality observed in women hospitalized with acute MI compared to men. Objective of the study was to observe the impact of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on outcomes in MI.Methods: The prospective observational study was conducted on 200 patients from the age group more than 36 years and lesser than 95 years presented with acute myocardial infarction (STEMI or NSTEMI). Patients were divided into group A (Diabetics) and group B (non-diabetics). Investigations performed were FBS, RBS, HbA1c, CBC, LFT, RFT, lipid profile, ECG and echocardiography. Patients were followed up till discharge/death and all complications like arrhythmias, cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock and re infarction were noted.Results: Majority of the 34.5% patients belongs to the age group of 56-65 years. No significant difference found between the subject population of the diabetic and non-diabetic group. The percentage of mortality in male patients was reported higher in the group having HbAlc level ≥7 (21.15%) in comparison to a group having HbAlc level <7 (6.15%) whereas in females the percentage of mortality was 11.63% in the group having HbAlc ≥7 , higher than the group having HbAlc level <7, 2.5%. Percentage mortality was higher in the patients having HbAlc >7, in both groups’ patients aged below 60 years 14.81% and 17.65% in the group of patients aged above 60 years.Conclusions: Higher HbAlc level significantly affects the outcome of MI patients. The percentage mortality due to MI was higher in male with aged above 60 years and having HbAlc level >7.

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Safety and feasibility of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer in elderly patients (YSURG1401 study).

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.725 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 725-725

Author(s):

Yosuke Atsumi ◽

Masakatsu Numata ◽

Toru Aoyama ◽

Tsutomu Hayashi ◽

Naoto Yamamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Laparoscopic Surgery ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Surgical Outcomes ◽

Operation Time ◽

University Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

725 Background: The safety and feasibility of laparoscopic surgery (LAP) for colorectal cancer has not yet been fully evaluated in elderly patients. The aim of this study was to compare the short term surgical outcomes of LAP and evaluate the safety and feasibility of LAP in colorectal cancer patients aged > 75 years. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer between April 2013 and March 2014 at Yokohama City University Hospital and its related general hospitals. The patients were categorized into two groups: elderly patients (≧75 years of age: group A) and non-elderly patients ( < 75 years of age: group B). Surgical outcomes and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. The severity of complications was evaluated using the Clavien–Dindo classification. Results: A total of 237 patients were evaluated in the present study. Eighty-four patients were classified into group A, and 153 into group B. Preoperative clinicopathological outcomes demonstrated no significant differences except for the ASA score. When comparing the surgical outcomes between group A and group B, the rate of conversion to open procedure (3.6 % vs 5.2 %, P = 0.751), median operation time (232 min vs 232 min, P = 0.318), median blood loss (20 ml vs 12 ml, P = 0.353). There was no significant difference in the surgical outcomes. Although the incidence of Japanese D3 dissection was significantly lower in Group A (56 % vs 69.3 %, P = 0.047), the incidences of postoperative surgical complications of grade ≧ Ⅱ were similar between two groups (15.5 % vs 11.8 %, p = 0.427). The length of postoperative hospital stay was also similar (10days vs 10days, p = 0.347). Conclusions: The present study suggested that laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer is safe and feasible, regardless of the age of the patient, especially for elderly patients who may be candidates for colorectal cancer surgery.

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Antimeasles antibodies in children submitted to different vaccination schedules

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86821993000200002 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 77-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Solange Artimos de Oliveira ◽

Akira Homma ◽

Léa Camillo-Coura ◽

Maria Lucília P. Loureiro ◽

Maria Teresa G. N. de Almeida

Keyword(s):

Geometric Mean ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

The Past ◽

Measles Antibodies ◽

History Of ◽

Antibody Titers ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group D

ln order to study the measles antibody behavior of three vaccination schedules, 684 children were divided into 4 Groups: Group A (341 vaccinated children under the age of one); Group B (101 children at the age of one); Group C (74 children under the age of one and one at the age of one); Group D (163 unvaccinated children with a history of measles in the past - Group control). Children of Group A presented lower rates and 25.9% of the age group under two did not show any measles antibodies. In Group B, all the children presented antibodies. In Group C onby 4.0% did not. In all age groups, the geometric mean HI antibody titers of Group A were lower than the valuesfound in the other groups. The age at vaccination was the factor of greater influence on the results of this study.

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EP.TU.296A Significant Difference in Cancer Proportions Between Two Modelled Cohorts Investigated by 2-WeekWait (2WW) Colorectal referral pathway

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab311.038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_7) ◽

Author(s):

A Gendia ◽

A Tam ◽

W Faux

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

The Other ◽

Cohort Group ◽

Extracolonic Cancer ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Rectal Mass ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

The Given

Abstract Aim To compare the proportions of malignancy between two modelled cohorts of referred and investigated by our colorectal 2 WW referrals pathway. Methods Two modelled cohorts were analysed from our prospectively maintained colorectal 2WW referrals database from August 2018 to July 2019. One cohort (group A) included patients without anemia, rectal mass or overt rectal bleeding. The other (group B) included the rest of referrals. Data collected and analysed in each group included total numbers of referrals, investigated referrals and malignancy proportion in each group. One tailed Z test was used to analysis statistical difference. Results 4240 referrals were made to our colorectal 2 WW pathway during the given period. 1333 (31%) were group A and 2907 (69%) were group B. Total number of patients investigated in group A was 1227, of those only 34 (2.8%) were colorectal cancer and 18 (1.5%) were extracolonic cancer. One the other hand, 2705 patients were investigated in group B, colorectal malignancy were found in 142 (5.3%) patients and 33 (1.2%) were extracolonic. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in total number of malignancies between Group A (53/4.3%) and Group B (175/6.5%). Conclusion While the 2 Week-Wait referral pathway plays an important role in rapid testing and identifying colorectal cancer, there was a difference between malignancy distribution within the referrals. this difference doesn’t reflect a clinical significance but it can be a good stratification tool.

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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF 4% MANGOSTEEN GEL AND 1% CHLORHEXIDINE DIGLUCONATE GEL IN MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GINGIVITIS: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy ◽

10.7897/2277-4343.1206161 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 6-11

Author(s):

Vinayaka A.M. ◽

Gayathri G.V. ◽

Triveni M.G.

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Age Group ◽

Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

Group B

To clinically evaluate & compare the efficacy of 4% Mangosteen Gel and 1% chlorhexidine digluconate gel in managing patients with chronic gingivitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 patients with an age group of 20-45 years diagnosed with generalized plaque-induced gingivitis were selected for this clinical trial once attaining their informed consent. A thorough case history was chronicled comprising plaque index (P.I.), gingival index (G.I.) and Sulcus bleeding index (SBI) at baseline; then full-mouth scaling and polishing (SAP) was performed by a solitary attuned examiner. Patients were then randomly assigned into two groups using a computer-generated random numbering sequence system. Patients in group A received 4% Mangosteen Gel, and group B received 1% chlorhexidine digluconate gel for home application. The post-treatment follow-up examination for P.I., G.I. and SBI changes were assessed after 14 days and 21 days and compared with baseline data. Results: In both the groups, the mean plaque index, gingival index and sulcus bleeding index scores were significantly decreased after the 14th and 21st day compared to baseline scores. There was no significant difference between the groups, but only in group B, there was a substantial difference in SBI scores observed on day 21. Conclusion: 4% Mangosteen Gel and 1% chlorhexidine digluconate gel were clinically effective when used as an adjunct to SAP in managing patients with gingivitis. Hence, 4% Mangosteen Gel can be considered an alternative to 1% chlorhexidine digluconate gel without any side effects in managing generalized plaque-induced gingivitis.

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Effects of discriminate and indiscriminate use of enrofloxcin on hematological parameters

GSC Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/gscarr.2021.7.1.0064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 09-015

Author(s):

Md. Mominul Islam Bhuiyan ◽

Md. Shafiqul Islam ◽

Md. Rakibul Hasan ◽

Kazi Rafiqul Isla

Keyword(s):

Packed Cell Volume ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

The Other ◽

Control Group ◽

Blood Parameter ◽

Withdrawal Period ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Control Group Group

Hematological indication is an important finding for pathophysiology analysis of biological science. This study was designed with the aim to investigate the effects of residual antibiotics on hematological parameters of broiler following discriminate and indiscriminate use. 18 broiler DOC (Cobb-500) were reared up to 31 days. On day 16, they were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely Group–A (Control group), Group-B (Discriminate group) and Group-C (Indiscriminate group). Each group contains 6 birds. The discriminate and indiscriminate group was treated with antibiotic, enrofloxacin. In Group-B withdrawal period was followed and treatment was stopped before 7 days of sacrifice. On the other hand, withdrawal period was not maintained in indiscriminate group and the antibiotic treatment was continued until the day of sacrifice. The Total erythrocyte count (million/mm3) of control, discriminate, and indiscriminate groups were 3.15±0.047, 2.66±0.091, and 2.90±0.11 respectively. The Hb (gm%) of control, discriminate, and indiscriminate groups were 8.17±0.07, 7.37±0.09, and 7.28±0.07 respectively. The Packed Cell Volume (%) of control, discriminate, and indiscriminate group were 24.17±0.48, 23.17±0.48, and 22.33±0.67 respectively. There was no significant difference on blood parameter found among the groups. Therefore, discriminate and indiscriminate use of enrofloxacin has no bad effect on hematological parameters of broiler.

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A comparative study of using temporalis fascia autograft and dehydrated temporal fascia homograft in tympanoplasty

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20194947 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 1669

Author(s):

Hemendra Bamaniya ◽

Padam Chand Ajmera

Keyword(s):

Graft Material ◽

Age Group ◽

Temporalis Fascia ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Medical College ◽

Temporal Fascia ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Duration Of Surgery ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: The objective of the present study was to compare the results of tympanoplasty operations performed using autograft temporalis fascia with those of dehydrated temporalis fascia homograft.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of ENT of Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur in duration from February 2014 to January 2015. The study included 90 patients of chronic suppurative otitis media with dry, central perforation of tympanic membrane. The patients were divided into two groups with 45 members in each group. In group A, temporalis fascia autograft was used and in group B, dehydrated temporalis fascia homograft was used for tympanoplasty. Results were evaluated in terms of graft uptake rate and hearing improvement. Results: There were 50 male and 40 female patients in the study. Most of the patients (43.33%) were of the age group 21-30 years, followed by age group 31-40 years (24.44%). Post-operatively, 95.55% patients in group A and 91.11% patients in group B showed successful graft uptake. Mean preoperative AB gap in group A patients was 31.46±6.78 dB which was reduced to 13.01±5.61 dB postoperatively. Similarly, in group B patients, AB gap was reduced from 29.81±5.99 to 12.92±6.01 dB postoperatively. No statistically significant difference was observed between groups while comparing pre and postoperative AB gap.Conclusions: The results of tympanoplasty done by using either homograft or autograft were the same so dehydrated temporalis fascia homograft can be used as an alternative graft material with the same success rate wherever possible with the advantage of reduction in duration of surgery.

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The Effect of Different Fiber Concentrations on the Surface Roughness of Provisional Crown and Fixed Partial Denture Resin

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1697376 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 02 (03) ◽

pp. 185-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Mustafa Zortuk ◽

Kerem Kılıc ◽

Gulay Uzun ◽

Ahmet Ozturk ◽

Bulent Kesim

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Glass Fibers ◽

Acrylic Resin ◽

The Other ◽

Partial Denture ◽

Fixed Partial Denture ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group D

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate surface roughness in provisional crown acrylics, after polishing, reinforced with different concentrations of glass fibers.Methods: A total of 48 disk-shaped specimens were prepared using autopolymerizing acrylic resin. These specimens were divided into four groups according to the level of glass fiber added: Group A (no fiber), Group B (0.5%), Group C (1%) and Group D (2%). After polishing the specimens, an average surface roughness (Ra) value was calculated using a profilometer from four randomly selected points on the surface.Results: A significant difference was determined among the surface roughness values of provisional crown resins to which different concentrations of fiber had been added (P<.001).Tukey�s test was then used to perform paired comparisons of the data between the different groups, and a significant difference was found between Group A (no fiber) and the other groups, between Group B (0.5%) and Group D (2%) and between Group C (1%) and Group D. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between Group B and Group C.Conclusions: The reinforcement of provisional crown and fixed partial denture resin with glass fibers increases surface roughness. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:185-190)

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