scholarly journals Human herpesvirus-7 as a cause of exanthematous ilnesses in Belém, Pará, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo B. Freitas ◽  
Maria R. Freitas ◽  
Consuelo S. Oliveira ◽  
Alexandre C. Linhares
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Exanthem Subitum ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Levels

We screened sera from 370 patients suffering from exanthematous illnesses in Belém, North Brazil, for the presence of human herpesvirus-7 (HHV-7) IgM and IgG antibodies. Samples were obtained from January 1996 to December 2002 and were processed by a HHV-7-specific indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). HHV-7-specific IgM and/or IgG antibodies were found in 190 (51.4%) of these patients, with similar prevalence rates (IgM+ and IgG+ subgroups taken together) for female and male subjects: 52.5% and 50.3%, respectively. Serological status as defined by IgG was identified in 135 (36.5%) patients. In 55 (14.9%) of the patients HHV-7 IgM antibodies were detected. HHV-7 IgM- and- IgG antibody rates were similar (p > 0.05) when male and female subjects are compared: 14.4% versus 15.3% and 38.1% versus 35.0%, respectively. Statistically significant difference (p = 0.003) was noted when HHV-7-IgM-positive female and male patients aged 5-8 months are compared. Prevalence rates ranging from 4.6% (female, 5-8 months of age) to 93.3% (female, > 10 years of age) and 12.2% (male, 5-8 months) to 80.0% (male, 8-10 years of age) were noted in the IgG- positive subgroups. A subgroup (n = 131) of patients with IgM or IgG HHV-7 antibodies were examined for the presence of DNA using a polymerase chain reaction/nested PCR. Recent/active HHV-7 infection occurred at a rate of 11.0% (6/55) among patients whose samples presented IgM+ specific antibodies. In a subgroup (n = 76) of patients with high HHV-7-IgG antibody levels (titre > 1:160) DNA could not be detected in sera examined by PCR/nested PCR. Of the six recent/active infections, four subjects with less than 1 year and two with 3 and 6 years of age, presented typical exanthem subitum (E.S), as defined by higher fever (> 38.0 ºC) with duration of 24 to 72 hours, followed by a maculopapular skin rash. Our results underscore the need for searching HHV-7 infection in patients with exanthematous diseases, particularly those presenting with typical E.S. HHV-7 appears therefore to emerge as a newly recognized pathogen of exanthem in our region.

scholarly journals An Immunogenicity Report for the Comparison between Heterologous and Homologous Prime-Boost Schedules with ChAdOx1-S and BNT162b2 Vaccines

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 3817
Author(s):  
Alexandre Vallée ◽  
Marc Vasse ◽  
Laurence Mazaux ◽  
Brigitte Bonan ◽  
Carline Amiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Vaccine Group ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serology Test ◽  
Antibody Levels

Background: There is a small amount of immunological data on COVID-19 heterologous vaccination schedules in humans. We assessed the immunogenicity of BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) administered as a second dose in healthcare workers primed with ChAdOx1-S (Vaxzevria, AstraZeneca). Methods: 197 healthcare workers were included in a monocentric observational study in Foch hospital, France, between June and July 2021. The main outcome was the immunogenicity measured by serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Results: 130 participants received the ChAdOx1-S/BNT vaccine and 67 received the BNT/BNT vaccine. The geometric mean of IgG antibodies was significantly higher in the BNT/BNT vaccine group compared to the ChAdOx1-S/BNT vaccine group, namely 10,734.9, 95% CI (9141.1–12,589.3) vs. 7268.6, 95% CI (6501.3–8128.3), respectively (p < 0.001). However, after adjustment for time duration between the prime and second vaccinations, no significant difference was observed (p = 0.181). A negative correlation between antibody levels and time duration between second dose and serology test was observed for the BNT/BNT vaccine (p < 0.001), which remained significant after adjustment for all covariates (p < 0.001), but not for the ChAdOx1-S/BNT vaccine (p = 0.467). Conclusions: Heterologous and homologous schedules of ChAdOx1-S and BNT vaccines present robust immune responses after the second vaccination. The results observed were equivalent after adjustment for covariates and emphasize the importance of flexibility in deploying mRNA and viral vectored vaccines. Nevertheless, applying the ChAdOx1-S schedule vaccination for the heterologous second dose of BNT was associated with decreased IgG antibody levels compared to the homologous BNT/BNT vaccination.

Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in hospitalized patients at a tertiary referral center in North India (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Animesh Ray ◽  
Dr. Komal Singh ◽  
Souvick Chattopadhyay ◽  
Farha Mehdi ◽  
Dr. Gaurav Batra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
North India ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is an important tool to estimate the true extent of infection in a population. However, seroprevalence studies have been scarce in South East Asia including India, which, as of now, carries the third largest burden of confirmed cases in the world. The present study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody among hospitalized patients at one of the largest government hospital in India OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody among patients admitted to the Medicine ward and ICU METHODS This cross-sectional study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital in North India, recruited consecutive patients who were negative for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR or CB-NAAT. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody levels targeting recombinant spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS CoV-2 were estimated in serum sample by the ELISA method RESULTS A total of 212 hospitalized patients were recruited in the study with mean age (±SD) of 41.2 (±15.4) years and 55% male population. Positive serology against SARS CoV-2 was detected in 19.8%patients(95% CI 14.7-25.8). Residency in Delhi conferred a higher frequency of seropositivity 26.5% (95% CI 19.3-34.7) as compared to that of other states 8% (95% CI 3.0-16.4) with p-value 0.001. No particular age groups or socio-economic strata showed a higher proportion of seropositivity CONCLUSIONS Around, one-fifth of hospitalized patients, who were not diagnosed with COVID-19 before, demonstrated seropositivity against SARS-CoV-2. While there was no significant difference in the different age groups and socio-economic classes; residence in Delhi was associated with increased risk (relative risk of 3.62, 95% CI 1.59-8.21)

scholarly journals Kinetics of IgG Antibodies in Previous Cases of Dengue Fever—A Longitudinal Serological Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6580
Author(s):  
Qilin Wu ◽  
Qinlong Jing ◽  
Xiujuan Wang ◽  
Lili Yang ◽  
Yilan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Antibody Level ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Serological Investigation ◽  
Significant Difference

Guangzhou is believed to be the most important epicenter of dengue outbreaks in southern China. In this study, a longitudinal serological investigation of previous cases of dengue fever in Guangzhou was conducted to explore the persistence of IgG antibodies and related factors affecting the changes of antibody level. We recruited 70 dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) primary infection cases at two years post infection for serological investigation and conducted a second follow-up in the 5th year of prognosis. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for DENV IgG antibody was examined in all study subjects. Potential factors associated with the concentration of serum total IgG antibody were determined by the generalized estimation equation (GEE). No significant difference in serum total IgG antibody positive rate between two follow-ups was observed (χ2 = 3.066, p = 0.080). However, there was a significant difference in the concentration of serum total IgG antibody between the two follow-ups (Z = 7.154, p < 0.001). The GEE showed that the antibody level in the five-year prognosis was mainly affected by the antibody level in the two-year prognosis (OR: 1.007, 95%CI: 1.005–1.009). In conclusion, the serum IgG antibodies of previous dengue fever cases can persist for a long time.

scholarly journals Long-Term Course of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in Outpatients After SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Schiffner ◽  
Insa Backhaus ◽  
Jens Rimmele ◽  
Sören Schulz ◽  
Till Möhlenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Antibody Levels

Characterization of the naturally acquired B and T cell immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is important for the development of public health and vaccination strategies to manage the burden of COVID-19 disease. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional analysis in COVID-19 recovered patients at various time points over a 10-month period in order to investigate how circulating antibody levels and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release by peripheral blood cells change over time following natural infection. From March 2020 till January 2021, we enrolled 412 adults mostly with mild or moderate disease course. At each study visit, subjects donated peripheral blood for testing of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and IFN-γ release after SARS-CoV-2 S-protein stimulation. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were positive in 316 of 412 (76.7%) and borderline in 31 of 412 (7.5%) patients. Our confirmation assay for the presence of neutralizing antibodies was positive in 215 of 412 (52.2%) and borderline in 88 of 412 (21.4%) patients. Likewise, in 274 of 412 (66.5%) positive IFN-γ release and IgG antibodies were detected. With respect to time after infection, both IgG antibody levels and IFN-γ concentrations decreased by about half within 300 days. Statistically, production of IgG and IFN-γ were closely associated, but on an individual basis, we observed patients with high-antibody titres but low IFN-γ levels and vice versa. Our data suggest that immunological reaction is acquired in most individuals after natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 and is sustained in the majority of patients for at least 10 months after infection after a mild or moderate disease course. Since, so far, no robust marker for protection against COVID-19 exists, we recommend utilizing both, IgG and IFN-γ release for an individual assessment of the immunity status.

scholarly journals Clinical performance of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody tests and potential protective immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niko Kohmer ◽  
Sandra Westhaus ◽  
Cornelia Rühl ◽  
Sandra Ciesek ◽  
Holger F. Rabenau
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Real Patient ◽  
Barr Virus

AbstractAs the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic continues, serological assays are urgently needed for rapid diagnosis, contact tracing and for epidemiological studies. So far, there is little data on how commercially available tests perform with real patient samples and if detected IgG antibodies provide protective immunity. Focusing on IgG antibodies, we demonstrate the performance of two ELISA assays (Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 IgG & Vircell COVID-19 ELISA IgG) in comparison to one lateral flow assay ((LFA) FaStep COVID-19 IgG/IgM Rapid Test Device) and two in-house developed assays (immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT)). We tested follow up serum/plasma samples of individuals PCR-diagnosed with COVID-19. Most of the SARS-CoV-2 samples were from individuals with moderate to severe clinical course, who required an in-patient hospital stay.For all examined assays, the sensitivity ranged from 58.8 to 76.5% for the early phase of infection (days 5-9) and from 93.8 to 100% for the later period (days 10-18) after PCR-diagnosed with COVID-19. With exception of one sample, all positive tested samples in the analysed cohort, using the commercially available assays examined (including the in-house developed IFA), demonstrated neutralizing (protective) properties in the PRNT, indicating a potential protective immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Regarding specificity, there was evidence that samples of endemic coronavirus (HCoV-OC43, HCoV-229E) and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infected individuals cross-reacted in the ELISA assays and IFA, in one case generating a false positive result (may giving a false sense of security). This need to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Serology characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection after exposure and post-symptom onset

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 2000763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Lou ◽  
Ting-Dong Li ◽  
Shu-Fa Zheng ◽  
Ying-Ying Su ◽  
Zhi-Yong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Antibody Dynamics ◽  
Serology Testing ◽  
Post Onset

BackgroundTimely diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a prerequisite for treatment and prevention. The serology characteristics and complement diagnosis value of the antibody test to RNA test need to be demonstrated.MethodSerial sera of 80 patients with PCR-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Total antibody (Ab), IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detected, and the antibody dynamics during the infection were described.ResultsThe seroconversion rates for Ab, IgM and IgG were 98.8%, 93.8% and 93.8%, respectively. The first detectible serology marker was Ab, followed by IgM and IgG, with a median seroconversion time of 15, 18 and 20 days post exposure (d.p.e.) or 9, 10 and 12 days post onset (d.p.o.), respectively. The antibody levels increased rapidly beginning at 6 d.p.o. and were accompanied by a decline in viral load. For patients in the early stage of illness (0–7 d.p.o), Ab showed the highest sensitivity (64.1%) compared with IgM and IgG (33.3% for both; p<0.001). The sensitivities of Ab, IgM and IgG increased to 100%, 96.7% and 93.3%, respectively, 2 weeks later. When the same antibody type was detected, no significant difference was observed between enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and other forms of immunoassays.ConclusionsA typical acute antibody response is induced during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Serology testing provides an important complement to RNA testing in the later stages of illness for pathogenic-specific diagnosis and helpful information to evaluate the adapted immunity status of patients.

IgM and IgG Antibody Levels in Patients with COVID-19 in South Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
pp. 2216-2221
Author(s):  
Kiranmayi Bogarapu ◽  
Aruna P
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Chemiluminescence Immunoassay ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Antibody Levels

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease - 19 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies can be detected in almost all patients of COVID-19. We sought to evaluate the antibody responses in COVID19 patients and also analyse their potential role in disease prognostication. METHODS All consecutive COVID-19 patients, between ages 20 - 65 years, encountered between April and July 2020 were included and compared to age-matched controls. Severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was categorized as none, mild and severe, based on the presence of symptoms, oxygen saturation and need for respiratory support. Serum levels of IgM and IgG antibody assays were obtained, using chemiluminescence immunoassay, after the 2nd week of presentation (range 14 - 60 days). Antibody titres above 10 AU/ml were taken as elevated. RESULTS Of 50 eligible patients, majority (40/50, 80 %) had mild symptoms and oxygen saturations above 94 %. Of the remainder, 10 % (5/50) had severe infection with need for either high flow nasal cannula oxygen or mechanical ventilation while the remainder (10 %; 5/50) were asymptomatic. IgM and IgG seroconversion were noted in almost all COVID-19 patients (46/50, 92 %) compared to healthy controls. While elevated IgG antibody levels were noted in 76 % (38/50), combined elevation of IgM and IgG antibodies is seen in 16 % (8/50) of patients. Seroconversion was markedly profound in patients with severe infection than those with mild infection. Also, greater seroconversion was noted after 21 days of testing compared to 14th day, especially for IgG. CONCLUSIONS Antibody seroconversion to SARS-CoV-2 occurred in majority of patients with COVID-19, with most salient increase in the IgG antibody levels. Antibody titres correlated directly to the disease severity, suggestive of the potential value of antibodies not only in diagnosis but also in prognostication. KEYWORDS COVID-19, Chemiluminescence Immunoassay, Invasive Mechanical Ventilation, High Flow Nasal Oxygen

Distribution of Antibodies to a Causative Agent of Exanthem Subitum (Human Herpesvirus-6) in Healthy Individuals

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-677
Author(s):  
Tetsushi Yoshikawa ◽  
Sadao Suga ◽  
Yoshizo Asano ◽  
Takehiko Yazaki ◽  
Hiroshi Kodama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Human Herpesvirus 6 ◽  
Exanthem Subitum ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Herpesvirus 6

The transfer of IgG antibodies to a causative agent of exanthem subitum (human herpesvirus-6) from mother to infant was examined with an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Of 20 mothers, 85% had the antibody more than 1:10, and the significantly higher level of the antibody was found in the cord blood with a positive rate of 95%. A mean ratio of cord blood to maternal antibody titer was 1.63. A total of 301 sera from healthy individuals was examined for the age-specific prevalence of antibody to the virus. In the first 2 months of life, 87% of infants had the antibody; the positive rate and the level of antibody decreased during the first 6 months of life with the lowest positive rate of 6% at 4 to 5 months of age. After 6 months of age, they increased gradually and reached the highest level at 1 year of age with the positive rate of 86%. From 2 years of age, the prevalence of the antibody was almost stable (69% to 76%) and similar to those in adolescents and adults.

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin G and A Antibody Responses to Bacteroides forsythus and Prevotella intermedia in Sera and Synovial Fluids of Arthritis Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1043-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketil Moen ◽  
Johan G. Brun ◽  
Tor Magne Madland ◽  
Turid Tynning ◽  
Roland Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Prevotella Intermedia ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
Antibody Levels

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA antibody immune responses to Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Bacteroides forsythus, and Candida albicans in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the synovial fluid (SF) of patients with RA (RA-SF samples), and the SF of patients without RA (non-RA-SF samples). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine IgG and IgA antibody levels in 116 serum samples from patients with RA, 52 RA-SF samples, and 43 non-RA-SF samples; and these were compared with those in SF samples from 9 patients with osteoarthritis (OA-SF samples) and the blood from 100 donors (the control [CTR] group). Higher levels of IgG antibodies against B. forsythus (P < 0.0001) and P. intermedia (P < 0.0001) were found in non-RA-SF samples than in OA-SF samples, and higher levels of IgG antibodies against B. forsythus (P = 0.003) and P. intermedia (P = 0.024) were found in RA-SF samples than in OA-SF samples. Significantly higher levels of IgA antibodies against B. forsythus were demonstrated in both RA-SF and non-RA-SF samples than in OA-SF samples. When corrected for total Ig levels, levels of IgG antibody against B. forsythus were elevated in RA-SF and non-RA-SF samples compared to those in OA-SF samples. Lower levels of Ig antibodies against B. forsythus were found in the sera of patients with RA than in the plasma of the CTR group for both IgG (P = 0.003) and IgA (P < 0.0001). When corrected for total Ig levels, the levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against B. forsythus were still found to be lower in the sera from patients with RA than in the plasma of the CTR group (P < 0.0001). The levels of antibodies against P. gingivalis and C. albicans in the sera and SF of RA and non-RA patients were comparable to those found in the respective controls. The levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against B. forsythus were elevated in SF from patients with RA and non-RA-SF samples compared to those in OA-SF samples. Significantly lower levels of IgG and IgA antibodies against B. forsythus were found in the sera of patients with RA than in the plasma of the CTR group. This indicates the presence of an active antibody response in synovial tissue and illustrates a potential connection between periodontal and joint diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 antibodies in the population of Belém, Pará, Brazil

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo B. FREITAS ◽  
Maria Rute FREITAS ◽  
Alexandre C. LINHARES
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Human Herpesvirus 8 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Herpesvirus 8 ◽  
North Brazil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Subjects

Serum samples from 497 children and adults inhabiting two neighbourhoods (Guamá and Terra Firme) in Belém, Pará, North Brazil were screened for the presence of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) antibody using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An overall 16.3% prevalence was found for these urban communities. Taken both genders together, prevalence rates of HHV-8 antibody increase gradually, across age-groups, ranging from 12.0% to 33.3%. When seroprevalence is analysed by gender, similar rates are found for female (18.4%) and male (14.0%) individuals. In the former gender group, seroprevalence rates increased from 10.3%, in children <FONT FACE=Symbol>£</FONT> 10 years of age, to 30.0% in adults 41-50 years of age. Conversely, among male subjects, the prevalence of HHV-8 antibodies decreased from 13.3% in children/young adults aged <FONT FACE=Symbol>£</FONT> 10 to 20 years of age to 6.1% in adults aged 21-30 years. From the 31-40 year-old group male onwards, seropositivity rates increased gradually, ranging from 8.3% to 66.7%. A significant difference in seropositivity rates was noted when comparing 21-30 age groups for female and male subjects: 23.3% and 6.1%, respectively (P = 0.03). Geometric mean optical densities were found to increase slightly from the lower to the higher age-groups. Our data suggest that transmission of HHV-8 occurs frequently in the general urban population of Belém, and that prevalence of antibody seems to increase with age.

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