scholarly journals Effect of three different types of culture conditions on Spirulina maxima growth

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Paula da Costa Monteiro ◽  
Rosa Helena Luchese ◽  
Theresinha Monteiro Absher
Keyword(s):  
Optical Density ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Spirulina Maxima ◽  
Natural Sunlight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Average Optical Density ◽  
Different Types ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Green Coloration

Growth of Spirulina maxima was studied in three types of culture conditions with four replicates each: 1) manual aeration with natural sunlight; 2) manual aeration with artificial light; and 3) constant aeration with an aquarium compressor and artificial light. After 185 days of incubation, growth declined in the first two treatments, while in the third treatment, higher growth was observed with average optical density of 3.7 against 1.8 and 1.9 in the first and second treatment, respectively. This was probably due to the fact that under constant aeration the salts were suspended avoiding the crystallization what could cause a decrease in the availability of the necessary nutrients for the growth. Also, the constant stirring allowed all the cells to receive the same amount of light promoting photosynthesis and consequently, a larger growth and characteristic green coloration. Culture with constant aeration under artificial light should be used for S. maxima cultivation because, besides reducing labor hours, it could be a more effective method for improving the economic income.

Topoi in der Musik Béla Bartóks

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Jürgen Hunkemöller
Keyword(s):  
Bird Song ◽  
Musical Analysis ◽  
Piano Concerto ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Important Means

The recognition of topoi, i.e. traditional formulae, is an important means of musical analysis. To illustrate this, the paper discusses the types of the battaglia and the pastoral in Bach’s Cantata Halt im Gedächtnis Jesum Christ, and briefly enumerates different types of allusions to jazz in 20th-century compositions by Stravinsky, Milhaud, Blacher, Tippet, and Zimmermann. Then it raises the possibility of an analysis of topoi in Bartók’s music in four main categories. It considers Bartók’s musical quotations from Bach to Shostakovich; the chorale as special topos appearing in Mikrokosmos, in the Concerto for Orchestra, in the Adagio religioso of the Third Piano Concerto; the topos-like employment of the tritone; and finally the idea of a Bartókian Arcadia in the Finale of Music for Strings, and the integration of bird song in the Adagio religioso.

BALBIR MADHOPURI. KORE KĀĠAZ KĪ GAHRĪ LIKHAT / INSCRIPTIONS ON A TENDER MIND (A CHAPTER FROM CHĀNGIĀ RUKH / AGAINST THE NIGHT)

2020 ◽  
pp. 249-264
Author(s):  
A. V. Bochkovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Activist ◽  
Good Education ◽  
Social Oppression ◽  
The Third ◽  
Home Village ◽  
To Receive

The commented translation from Hindi of a chapter from the Chāṅgiā rukh (Against the Night) autobiography (2002) by Balbir Madhopuri, a renowned Indian writer, poet, translator, journalist and social activist, brings forward episodes from the life of low-caste inhabitants of a Punjab village in the 1960–1970s. Following the school of hard knocks of his childhood in the chamar quarter of Madhopur, a village in Jalandhar district, Balbir Madhopuri managed to receive a good education and take to literature. In 2014 he was awarded the Translation Prize from India’s Sahitya Academy for contribution to the development and promotion of Punjabi, his mother language. Narrating the story, Balbir Madhopuri shares memories, thoughts and emotions from early days that determined his motivations to struggle against poverty, deprivation and injustice. The chapter Kore kāġaz kī gahrī likhat (Inscriptions on a Tender Mind [Madhopuri, 2010]) tells readers about joys and sorrows, hopes and fears, delights and regrets that were part of his childhood in Madhopur. Scenes from everyday life in the home village, episodes highlighting complex relations between its inhabitants — predominantly Sikhs and Hindus — intertwine with Balbir Madhopuri’s reflections on social oppression and caste inequality that still remain in contemporary India’s society. This commented translation is the third in a series of four chapters from Balbir Madhopuri’s autobiography scheduled for publication in this journal in 2020.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on Gold Recovery from High Grade E-Waste by Thiourea Leaching and Electrowinning

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Nicolò Maria Ippolito ◽  
Ionela Birloaga ◽  
Francesco Ferella ◽  
Marcello Centofanti ◽  
Francesco Vegliò
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Leach Solution ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Gold Dissolution ◽  
Plastic Part ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
A Current

The present paper is focused on the extraction of gold from high-grade e-waste, i.e., spent electronic connectors and plates, by leaching and electrowinning. These connectors are usually made up of an alloy covered by a layer of gold; sometimes, in some of them, a plastic part is also present. The applied leaching system consisted of an acid solution of diluted sulfuric acid (0.2 mol/L) with thiourea (20 g/L) as a reagent and ferric sulfate (21.8 g/L) as an oxidant. This system was applied on three different high-grade e-waste, namely: (1) Connectors with the partial gold-plated surface (Au concentration—1139 mg/kg); (2) different types of connectors with some of which with completely gold-plated surface (Au concentration—590 mg/kg); and (3) connectors and plates with the completely gold-plated surface (Au concentration—7900 mg/kg). Gold dissolution yields of 52, 94, and 49% were achieved from the first, second, and third samples, respectively. About 95% of Au recovery was achieved after 1.5 h of electrowinning at a current efficiency of only 4.06% and current consumption of 3.02 kWh/kg of Au from the leach solution of the third sample.

Gescheiden en dan ? :Herpartneren in Vlaanderen anno 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-66
Author(s):  
Inge Pasteels ◽  
Dimitri Mortelmans
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Gender Perspective ◽  
Partner Status ◽  
The Third ◽  
Current Partner ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Unmarried Cohabitation ◽  
Mate Waarin

In deze bijdrage wordt het herpartneren na een scheiding uit een eerste huwelijk beschreven. Met gegevens van “Scheiding in Vlaanderen” verzameld bij 1192 mannen en 1448 vrouwen gescheiden tussen 1981 en 2005, wordt vooreerst de timing van het herpartneren alsook de leefvorm waarvoor men kiest in postmaritale relaties, bestudeerd. We onderscheiden LAT‐relaties, ongehuwd samenwoonrelaties en tweede huwelijken. Daarna wordt de huidige partnerstatus van gescheidenen anno 2010 in kaart gebracht. Ten derde komt de mate waarin partners uit eerste huwelijken of postmaritale relaties gelijkend zijn aan bod. Vervolgens wordt de stabiliteit van LAT‐relaties of ongehuwde samenwoonrelaties na een eerste huwelijk bestudeerd. Een beschrijving van postmaritale relatietrajecten met aandacht voor relatierang en relatietype rondt deze bijdrage af. Alle analyses worden apart uitgevoerd voor mannen en vrouwen van verschillende scheidingscohorten. Abstract : Using surveydata of “Divorce in Flanders” for 1192 men and 1448 women, divorced between 1981 and 2005, we explore repartnering after a first divorce. Firstly, prevalence and timing of repartnering are examined. LAT‐relationships, unmarried cohabitation and remarriage are considered as different types of repartnering. Secondly, the current partner status for divorcees in 2010 is described. Homogamy in first marriages and in higher order relationships is the third topic in this article. At last, stability of postmarital relationships and partnership trajectories are explored. Data are analyzed using a cohort perspective and a gender perspective.

scholarly journals A THEORY OF AGENCY LAW

2011 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J Dalley
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Internalization Theory ◽  
Agency Relationship ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Cost ◽  
To Receive

Despite the ubiquity of agents in the modern world, agency law does not have a coherent explanation or unified theory. The Restatement (Third) of Agency updates and attempts to explain the law, but its explanations are limited in scope and at times unpersuasive. Like other contemporary commentary on agency law, the Third Restatement draws from contract and tort theory, an approach which ignores the unique features of agency law. Agency law enables principals to act through agents; it also ensures that principals using agents do not thereby escape liability or other consequences of their choices. This paper develops a theory to fit agency law. The "costbenefit internalization theory" is based on the simple premise that the principal, who has chosen to conduct her business through an agent, must bear the foreseeable consequences of that choice. Conversely, as the bearer of the risks, the principal is entitled to receive the benefits created by the agency relationship. The cost-benefit internalization theory explains and illuminates virtually all agency law doctrine.

scholarly journals Optimization of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation conditions of prospective genotypes of winter bread wheat by in planta method

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
O. V. Dubrovna ◽  
L. V. Slivka
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Dna Transfer ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Inoculation Medium

Aim. Optimization of conditions for genetic transformation of new promising genotypes of winter bread wheat (T. aestivum L.) by in planta method. Methods. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation by in planta method using the strain AGL0 and vector construct pBi2E. Results. The influence of air temperature, optical density of cells of agrobacterial suspension, inoculation day and composition of inoculation medium on the frequency of obtaining transgenic plants of new winter wheat genotypes was studied. The dependence of the frequency obtaining of transgenic plants from environmental conditions, in particular temperature, has been established. It was found that the temperature regime of 20-22°C provided the largest number (4.8%) of wheat transformants, and when the temperature is reduced to 16-18°C there is a decrease in the efficiency of T-DNA transfer into the plant genome and the lowest frequency of transformation (0.7%). Conclusions. The largest number of transformants was obtained using a inoculation medium without sucrose, the optical density of cells of the agrobacterial suspension of 0.6 op.od. and inoculation on the third day after castration of ears. Keywords: T. aestivum, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in planta, optimization of conditions.

scholarly journals PHONOSEMANTISM AS PART OF THE SIGN SYSTEM OF LANGUAGE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriiva S. S.
Keyword(s):  
One Dimension ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Acoustic Image ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Linguistic Sign ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
Sound Unit ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
To Receive

Phonosemantics is a science with a thousand-year history, the attitude to which is ambiguous. Despite the fact that the main principle of this linguistic discipline about the motivation of the sound unit and the legitimacy of the phenomenon has been repeatedly questioned, although discussions on the universality and specificity of the phenomenon under study continue to this day. Language is the most powerful means of forming thought; social phenomenon that attest to such its main functions as informational, communicative, emotional, cognitive, epistemological, accumulative. All functions are usually implemented not in isolation, but in various combinations, because each statement in most cases is multifunctional. All functions ultimately work for communication, and that's in the sense that the communicative function is leading. Simultaneously with the acquisition of human language, it acquires knowledge about the world around, which significantly shortens and simplifies the path of cognition, protects a person from unnecessary mistakes. F. de Saussure explained the problem of the value of a linguistic sign, arguing that a linguistic sign combines a concept and an acoustic image and has two essential features: arbitrariness (unmotivated) and linearity (unfolding in time and one dimension). The sign is used to indicate an object outside it, to receive, store and transmit information. A sign acquires its meaning only in a certain system, because outside it is not a sign and means nothing. The palette of phonosemantic searches is inexhaustible, as each linguistic and literary-artistic direction in various manifestations considers the symbolism of images of phonemes, phonemes, morphemes, tokens, syntagms, texts. The scope of using linguistic units with existing phonosemantic features is different types of movement, sound, light phenomena, physiological and emotional states of both humans and animals.

scholarly journals Application of Securitization of Leasing Assets

2014 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
I. V. Linev
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Cellular Communication ◽  
Training Video ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Leasing Company ◽  
To Receive

Securitization of leasing assets was widely adopted abroad within the last decades. Securitization of leasing assets usually is meant as process of formation of a portfolio based on future leasing payments of one and (or) more leasing company and sale of securities to investors for the subsequent refinancing of leasing operations. These securities can be bonds, actions or bills. Thus the asset leased, acts as providing these papers. Nomenclature of property includes office, medical (first of all, stomatology), training, video the equipment, and also a car, motor-equipment, towers of cellular communication production of heavy mechanical engineering and computers. The essence of securitization of leasing assets consists in isolation of streams of leasing payments from risk of bankruptcy of the leasing company. As the considered mechanism has the greatest development in the USA, so far as consideration of experience of its application in this country is represented especially actual. The special attention is deserved by a question of decrease in credit risk of the investor. External and internal providing is applied to its decision in different types. Interest of participants in securitization of leasing assets consists in distribution of risks between them, emergence of a new source of financing, depreciation of attracted resources, increase of liquidity of a leasing portfolio and optimization by management by balance of the enterprise. Appeal of this tool to the leasing company in a case when it has no available own funds for business development, represents separate interest. Securitization allows the leasing company to expand sources of attraction of the capital and to receive a reserve for the future, and also to broaden the sphere of options of activity and to give it new opportunities for financing of projects. Widespread introduction of schemes of securitization in practice of the Russian leasing business, requires development, and on some aspects -creation of the corresponding legislative base. In the conditions of a tendency observed around the world to broad use of this tool, which gives a powerful impulse to development both bank, and real to sectors, Russia cannot stand aside from this process.

scholarly journals THE FUNCTIONAL ASPECT OF THE ZERO NAME IN THE STORIES BY VLADIMIR NABOKOV

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Boris V. Kovaliov ◽  
◽  
Vadim E. Pugach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Vladimir Nabokov ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Functional Aspect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Third Person

The article is devoted to the analysis of the functions of the zero name of proper characters in V. V. Nabokov's short prose. The factors are highlighted on the basis of which an attempt can be made to classify zero names in Nabokov's texts. The first factor is the grammatical person from whom the story is told. Particular cases related to narration from the first and third person are analyzed. The second factor is who in the text is the bearer of the zero name: the main character or the minor one? The authors pay special attention to antonomazia as a way of replacing a proper name with a null name. In the course of the study, it turns out that antonomazia can be used as a means of characterizing a character, as well as a reference not to a specific image, but to a certain class. The third factor is the possible taboo of the name as a technique. In the course of the research, two types of tabooing of a proper name are distinguished: religious and sociopsychological. The second part of the article analyzes V. V. Nabokov's story «The Razor» as an example of a text, on the basis of which one can prove the assertion about the polyfunctionality of a null name. The nomination of each character is studied in detail. The authors conclude that the opposition of full and null names plays a key role in building conflict in the plot. Moreover, the opposition of different types of nominations is a technique that determines the structure of the text, its semantic and associative levels. Based on a review of a number of Nabokov's texts and a detailed analysis of «The Razor» story, eleven functions of the zero name of V. V. Nabokov's own characters are formulated.

United and Uniting Churches

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Haire
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
World Council Of Churches ◽  
Ecumenical Movement ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
World Council ◽  
History Of

United and uniting churches have made a very significant contribution to the ecumenical movement. In seeking to assess that contribution, the chapter first defines what these churches are, considers the different types of union that have been created, examines the characteristics of these churches, and looks at the theological rationale for them. It goes on to trace the history of their formation from the beginning of the nineteenth century, and particularly during the years leading up to and following the Third Assembly of the World Council of Churches at New Delhi in 1961, under the influence of Lesslie Newbigin. Giving a theological assessment, it emphasizes that the existence of these churches, despite difficulties, provides places where the final unity of Christ’s one body is most clearly foreshadowed. They will always present proleptic visions of that goal.

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