scholarly journals Planning abilities of children aged 4 years and 9 months to 8 1/2 years: Effects of age, fluid intelligence and school type on performance in the Tower of London test

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Fernandes Malloy-Diniz ◽  
Cláudia Cardoso-Martins ◽  
Elaine Pacheco Nassif ◽  
Angela Maria Levy ◽  
Wellington Borges Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factor ◽  
Private School ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
School Type ◽  
School Students ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
Planning Ability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Type Of School

Abstract The present study investigated the relationship between age and one type of environmental factor, namely, type of school (i.e., private vs. public), and the development of mental planning ability, as measured by the Tower of London (TOL) test. Methods: Participants comprised 197 public and 174 private school students, ranging in age from 4 years and 9 months to 8 years and 6 months. Besides the TOL test, students were administered Raven's Colored Matrices. Results: Results confirmed the findings of previous studies that both age and school type are important predictors of mental planning. Furthermore, results also suggest that the relationship between type of school and mental planning ability cannot be accounted for by differences in students' fluid intelligence. Conclusion: In the present study, the TOL test continued to differentiate public from private school students, even after we controlled for the effect of differences on the Raven test.

scholarly journals Household Chores or Play Outdoors? The Intersecting Influence of Gender and School Type on Physical Activity Among Indian Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 682-691
Author(s):  
Ilana G. Raskind ◽  
Shailaja S. Patil ◽  
Nikhil Tandon ◽  
Sharanya Thummalapally ◽  
Michael R. Kramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Private School ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
School Type ◽  
School Students ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Active Time ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
Indian Adolescents

Most Indian adolescents, particularly girls and private school students, do not engage in sufficient physical activity (PA). Current understanding of these sociodemographic differences is limited by a focus on exercise, which may not fully capture PA in developing countries. We examined how gender and school type are associated with multiple PA domains and whether associations with gender differ by school type. We randomly selected an equal number of girls and boys (ages 13-16 years) from public and private schools in Southern India ( n = 395). Cross-sectional 24-hour time-use surveys measured PA, which was categorized into three domains: chores, errands, and work; play; and transportation. Negative binomial and logistic regression modeled relative differences in domain-specific PA minutes and the probability of engaging in ≥60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), respectively, in the prior 24 hours. Girls and boys were equally likely to meet MVPA recommendations. However, girls spent twice as much active time completing chores, errands, and work (rate ratio = 1.98, 95% confidence interval = [1.32, 2.98]), while boys spent twice as much active time playing (rate ratio = 2.11, 95% confidence interval = [1.23, 3.62]). Public and private school girls spent more active time in chores, errands, and work than boys; however, gender differences were greater among public school students ( p value for interaction <.05). Although comparable MVPA levels for girls and boys are beneficial for physical health, girls may gain fewer cognitive, social, and emotional benefits associated with play. Additional research may clarify why the gendered burden of household responsibilities was greater among public school students. School-based programs to engage girls in active play may help reduce inequities.

scholarly journals Estrés, Depresión Y Consumo De Alcohol En Estudiantes De Bachillerato De México: Diferencias Por Sexo Y Escuela

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (32) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Rosa Vargas Almendra ◽  
Arturo del Castillo Arreola ◽  
Rebeca María Elena Guzmán Saldaña
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Factorial Anova ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationships ◽  
Type Of School

Stress in teenagers studying high school is a health problem of great importance as not only affects behavior but also affects physical and mental health of this population, increasing the likelihood of depression occur and use alcohol as a means of coping with it. Objective: To determine the interaction by sex and type of school, as well as the relationship between levels of stress, depression and alcohol of high school students in two states in Mexico. Material and Methods: 129 students from two high schools in the states of Hidalgo and Mexico respectively selected through a non-probability sampling. The age range was from 16 to 21, M = 17 years, SD = .893. 51.2% were men and 48.8% women. Perceived Stress Scale (EEP) was used, the Beck Depression Inventory and Identification Questionnaire disorders due to alcohol consumption (AUDIT). They were conducted descriptive analyzes, Pearson correlation analysis and factorial ANOVA 2x2. Results: Significant negative relationships between stress and depression (r = .552, p <0.05) were found, also significant differences by gender in alcohol F (3,70) = 3.283, p ≤ .05 and significant differences by school in depression variable F (3,125) = 3.690, ≤ .05. Conclusion: These results provide insight into the association between different risk facotres student population so that from it culturally relevant psychological interventions that affect the prevention of health problems in this population are designed.

Turkish Children's Bender-Gestalt Test Performance: Differences in Public and Private School Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Özer
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Private School ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
School Type ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Bender Gestalt Test ◽  
Type Of School

The present study was undertaken to provide data on the Bender-Gestalt test for children aged 5 to 11 in Turkey. Although it is well documented that sociocultural factors are important in cognitive evaluations, the effects of type of school and differing educational opportunities provided by these schools on the Bender-Gestalt test have not been previously investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of age, sex, and school type on Bender-Gestalt performance. The test was individually administered to 484 children between the ages of 5 and 11 years. The children were enrolled in either public or private schools. Koppitz's Developmental Scoring System was utilized. The results indicated that older children performed with fewer errors. Girls performed with fewer errors than boys. Finally, as expected, private school children outperformed their public school peers. The results are discussed with respect to the importance of taking into account various educational factors in utilizing commonly used tests.

scholarly journals Relationship between Emotional Maturity and Altruistic Behaviour among High School Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 10065-10070
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Private School ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
School Students ◽  
Emotional Maturity ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
The Relationship

Emotional maturity indicates the state of mind where an individual can balance his/ her emotions and know how to handle the hard situation without feeling panic. The objectives of the study is to find out the relationship between emotional maturity and altruistic behaviour in relation to high school student’s gender, place of residence and type of school management. In the present study, the researchers adopted normative survey method with simple random sampling to select a sample of 160 high school students aged 14 –16 years in Sonitpur district of Assam. The researcher collected and analyzed the data statistically by using mean, standard deviation, and t-test. The findings of this study indicate that emotional maturity and altruistic behaviour has positive (relationship and there is a significant mean difference in emotional maturity among male and female students, rural and urban, and government and private school students.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Students’ Thinking Level and the Ability to Develop Proposition Network Representation of Human Nervous System in Modeling Based Learning (MbL)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
L. Kadarusman ◽  
A. Rahmat ◽  
D. Priyandoko
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Private School ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
School Students ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Nervous System

The purpose of this research is to reveal the relationship of thinking level with the students’ ability to form a representation of proposition network on the human nervous system concept using modeling based learning. This was quantitative research with 30 science class’ students of grade XI from one private school in Bandung as the subject research, who learned using modeling-based learning (MbL). The instruments used to measure the thinking level were 19 numbers of multiple choices and 2 essays that were developed based on Marzano and Kendall’s level thinking indicator. The result of this research shows that the thinking level of senior high school’ students has reached L3 (analysis) with minimum standard mastery ≥70. The higher the expectation of students’ thinking level, the lower the minimum standard mastery will be reached. The correlation result showS no significant relationship between thinking level and the students’ ability to form a proposition network on the study of neuron structure and function (r= 0,075; p=0,692) with low concept complexity. The significant relationship between thinking level and the ability to form proposition representation is obtained during the study of the central nervous and peripheral nervous system (r= 0,506; p= 0,004) with higher concept complexity. It means the higher students’ thinking level, the better their abilities to form a proposition network. MbL could be recommended for learning biology concept especially abstract concept like the human nervous system. This research concluded that students’ thinking level reached level 3 (analysis) and MbL can facilitate a significant relationship between thinking level and the ability to form proposition networks if the concept taught has a higher complexity compared to the lower complexity concept.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF MENTAL HEALTH ON RESILIENCE AND HAPPINESS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Holden Malambo ◽  
Chitinti Hachombwa
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Private School ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of the present scholarly work was to test the relationship between mental health, resilience, and happiness among the high school students. The study was conducted in a private school student from Tanzania. The sampling was based on random sampling technique. The design of the study is survey based cross-sectional research design. The correlation results show that mental health, happiness, and resilience are positively associated. The findings lead to the conclusion that if an individual possess sound mental health, so his/her resilience will be improved and he/she will be in better position to adjust in different situations.

Physical Activity Among Adolescents in India: A Qualitative Study of Barriers and Enablers

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 926-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambika Satija ◽  
Neha Khandpur ◽  
Shivani Satija ◽  
Shivani Mathur Gaiha ◽  
Dorairaj Prabhakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Private School ◽  
Role Models ◽  
School Type ◽  
School Students ◽  
Environmental Barriers ◽  
Government School ◽  
Barriers And Enablers ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Social Censure

Inadequate physical activity (PA) levels are reported in Indian youth, with lowest levels among adolescents, particularly girls. We aimed to identify barriers to and enablers of PA among school children in New Delhi and examine potential differences by gender and school type (government vs. private). A total of 174 students (private school students = 88, 47% girls; government school students = 86, 48% girls) aged 12 to 16 years from two Delhi schools participated in 16 focus group discussions (FGDs) conducted by bilingual moderators. We conducted FGDs separately for girls and boys, for students in Grades VIII and IX, and for private and government schools. We conducted FGDs among government school students in Hindi and translated the transcriptions to English for analysis. We coded transcriptions using a combination of inductive and deductive approaches, guided by the “youth physical activity promotion model.” We identified various personal, social, and environmental barriers and enablers. Personal barriers: Private school girls cited body image–related negative consequences of PA participation. Social barriers: Girls from both schools faced more social censure for participating in PA. Environmental barriers: Reduced opportunity for PA in schools was commonly reported across all participants. Personal enablers: All participants reported perceived health benefits of PA. Social enablers: Several participants mentioned active parents and sports role models as motivators for increasing PA. Few environmental enablers were identified. This study highlights the need for further investment in physical activity within schools and for gender-sensitive policies for encouraging PA participation among adolescents in India.

scholarly journals The relationship between school type and academic performance at medical school: a national, multi-cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e016291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Kumwenda ◽  
Jennifer A Cleland ◽  
Kim Walker ◽  
Amanda J Lee ◽  
Rachel Greatrix
Keyword(s):  
Medical School ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Independent Schools ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Student Diversity ◽  
School Type ◽  
Educational Performance ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesDifferential attainment in school examinations is one of the barriers to increasing student diversity in medicine. However, studies on the predictive validity of prior academic achievement and educational performance at medical school are contradictory, possibly due to single-site studies or studies which focus only on early years’ performance. To address these gaps, we examined the relationship between sociodemographic factors, including school type and average educational performance throughout medical school across a large number of diverse medical programmes.MethodsThis retrospective study analysed data from students who graduated from 33 UK medical schools between 2012 and 2013. We included candidates’ demographics, pre-entry grades (adjusted Universities and Colleges Admissions Service tariff scores) preadmission test scores (UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) and Graduate Medical School Admissions Test (GAMSAT)) and used the UK Foundation Programme’s educational performance measure (EPM) decile as an outcome measure. Logistic regression was used to assess the independent relationship between students’ background characteristics and EPM ranking.ResultsStudents from independent schools had significantly higher mean UKCAT scores (2535.1, SD=209.6) than students from state-funded schools (2506.1, SD=224.0, p<0.001). Similarly, students from independent schools came into medical school with significantly higher mean GAMSAT scores (63.9, SD=6.9) than students from state-funded schools (60.8, SD=7.1, p<0.001). However, students from state-funded schools were almost twice as likely (OR=2.01, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.73) to finish in the highest rank of the EPM ranking than those who attended independent schools.ConclusionsThis is the first large-scale study to examine directly the relationship between school type and overall performance at medical school. Our findings provide modest supportive evidence that, when students from independent and state schools enter with similar pre-entry grades, once in medical school, students from state-funded schools are likely to outperform students from independent schools. This evidence contributes to discussions around contextualising medical admission.

scholarly journals Coleman’s Third Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Marjan Šimenc ◽  
Mojca Štraus
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Cognitive Achievement ◽  
School Students ◽  
Strong Argument ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Individual Actor ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyses the (third) Coleman Report on private and public schools. The report scrutinises the relationship between private and public schools and shows that private school students show better academic achievement. Coleman concluded that these findings provided a strong argument in favour of public financial support for private schools. However,he identified a number of school characteristics that he believed to be related to student achievement. According to his analysis, these characteristics were not limited to privateschools; public schools exhibiting the same characteristics also had good results. Coleman interpreted the available data in favour of financial aid to private schools, although this was not the only possible interpretation. An alternative conclusion would have been to encourage these characteristics in public schools. Why did Coleman disregard this possibility? Why did he deviate from his usual scientific rigour? The present article suggests that there appear to be two reasons for the narrow interpretation of the relationship between public and private schools in Coleman’s third report. The first lies in Coleman’s notion of contemporary society as a constructed system in which every individual actor holds a place in the structure and requires incentives in order to act to the benefit of society. In the case of education, the goal of the institution is to ensure the high cognitive achievement of students, and the incentive is related to choice and competition. The second reason is related to Coleman’s vision of sociology as a discipline aiding the construction of an effective society.

scholarly journals Learning Outcomes in Science Among Elementary Level Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Fatma Gausiya ◽  
Hem Raj
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Private School ◽  
Science Achievement ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
School Students ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Type Of School

The evolution in field of science has led to technological advancement in present century and has made the human to think and behave in more scientific way. Inadequate knowledge of science and how it functions may affect the efficient functioning of humans, and thus this demands to have a society where students are exposed to scientific knowledge. Exposure to science from the foundations years in schools is not to develop each child into a scientist but it is necessary to develop scientific attitude in them to find out the truth by experiencing, observing and questioning what captivates their interest and attention.Hence, the present study focused on learning outcomes in science among elementary school students. The present study focuses on achievement of elementary school students in science and also compares the differences on the basis of the type of school and gender. The population for the study consisted of students from residential, government and private schools of Chandigarh. Sample was randomly selected including 35 students from class VIII from each type of school. The self-developed standardized Science Achievement Test (SAT) was used as an instrument for data collection. Data was analyzed using percentage, t-test and one way ANOVA with SPSS (version 21). The findings of the study revealed that 39 percent of students scored above average, 23 percent scored average and 38 percent scored below average in SAT. Male and female students do not differ on learning outcome in science but on the basis of type of school, students of residential school performed better in SAT as compared to government and private school students. It is recommended that various factors affecting learning outcomes in science should be explored to improve the Achievement in Science.

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