Effect of Blanching Duration and Drying Methods on the Proximate Composition of Green Chilies (Capsicum annuum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Tulsi Gurung ◽  
Karma Wangchuk ◽  
Bishal Sitaula
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Lower Temperature

Farmers in Bhutan practice hot water blanching and sun drying of green chillies as one of the preservation measures. The blanched dried chilli is known as ema shukam locally and is used in preparing various traditional cuisines. Blanching is done for 2-3 minutes by immersing in boiling water and drying in open sun. However, blanching and drying process lead to quality changes such as texture, colour, flavour, and nutritional value. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the proximate compositions of sun dried and oven dried green-blanched chillies. An experiment with two drying methods and two levels of blanching durations with three replications for each treatment were conducted to examine the proximate compositions of the dried and blanched chillies. Blanching duration of two minutes retained higher carbohydrates (x͂ = 31.78) than three minutes (x͂ = 26.08). However, the Mann-Whitney U test showed no significant effect of blanching duration on carbohydrate (U = 7.5, z = - .690, p > .05). Drying methods had significant effect only on fat content with oven drying retaining higher fat content (x͂ = 4) compared to sun drying method (x͂ = 2); (U = 2, z = -2.713, p < .01). Blanching for three minutes resulted in higher loss of Vitamin C content. The colour of oven dried chilli was dark brownish green even at lower temperature of 37 oC. Hot water blanching of green chillies for two minutes followed by sun drying produced desired colour of dried chillies.

scholarly journals Yogurt Favorite Level Test Using Basic Ingredients Soybean Milk With Addition of Green Spinach (Amaranthus Tricolor L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Johannes Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Quality Changes ◽  
Food Technology ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
Animal Milk ◽  
Vegetable Milk ◽  
And Storage

Spinach is food that is easily wilted and easily damaged, so spinach that has been harvested must be immediately marketed and consumed. There are two methods to extend the shelf life of spinach, namely cooling and drying methods. This study uses the drying method.  The advantages of drying compared to cooling are that the dried material is more durable, the volume and weight are reduced, resulting in lower costs for packaging, transportation and storage. Along with the development of food technology, vegetable milk began to be introduced as an alternative ingredient for making yogurt whose nutritional value is not inferior to animal milk yogurt. In order to be more attractive to increase income and add coloring, the natural coloring is green spinach, considering there has never been researched into making yogurt with the addition of green spinach as a natural coloring. The treatment of adding green spinach vegetable extracts by 15% and 25% affects the quality changes that occur in yogurt made from soy milk. By simply differentiating the addition of 15% and 25% can prove the influence of changes in yogurt quality made from soy milk. Keywords: Organoleptic Test, Yoghurt, Green Spinach, Soy Milk

scholarly journals PENGARUH METODE PENGERINGAN YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP KOMPOSISI KIMIA, VITAMIN C DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN ANGGUR LAUT Caulerpa racemosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Mimin Kaidah Indayani ◽  
Asnani Asnani ◽  
Suwarjoyowirayatno Suwarjoyowirayatno
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Caulerpa Racemosa ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Sun Drying

ABSTRACT                Caulerpa racemosa is one of the potential biodiversity of Indonesian waters that has functional compounds including antioxidants and vitamin C. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the drying method on chemical composition, phytochemical content and antioxidant activity and vitamin C. racemosa which was dried by sun-drying method and drying at 40°C and 50°C. The results obtained showed that the lowest water content was found in C1 treatment,15,85%, the lowest fat content of 0,39% in C3 treatment, the lowest ash content in C1 treatment was 38,27%, and the highest carbohydrate was in C1 treatment is 19,66%. Phytochemical testing showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins and there is no hydroquinone compound, while the highest antioxidant and vitamin C activity were found in C2, 652,41 ppm and 13,1 mg / g, respectively.KeyWords: Caulerpa racemosa, drying, phytochemicals, vitamin C, antioxidants ABSTRAKCaulerpa  racemosa merupakan salah satu potensi keanekaragaman hayati perairan Indonesia  yang memiliki senyawa fungsional diantaranya antioksidan dan vitamin C. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode pengeringan terhadap komposisi kimia, kandungan fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan serta vitamin C. racemosa yang dikeringkan dengan metode pengeringan sinar matahari serta pengeringan pada suhu 40°C dan suhu 50°C. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa nilai kadar air terendah terdapat pada perlakuan C1 yaitu 15,85%, kadar lemak terendah yaitu 0,39% pada perlakuan C3, kadar abu yang terendah ada pada perlakuan C1 yaitu 38,27%, dan karbohidrat tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan C1 yaitu sebesar 19,66%. Pengujian fitokimia menunjukan adanya kandungan alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid dan saponin dan tidak terdapat senyawa hidroquinon, sementara pada pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dan vitamin C tertinggi terdapat pada C2 masing-masing  652,41 ppm dan 13,1 mg/g.Kata Kunci: Caulerpa  racemosa, pengeringan, fitokimia, vitamin C, antioksidan

scholarly journals Influence of Freezing and Different Drying Methods on Volatile Profiles of Strawberry and Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Strawberry Commercial Jams

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4153
Author(s):  
Doaa Abouelenein ◽  
Ahmed M. Mustafa ◽  
Simone Angeloni ◽  
Germana Borsetta ◽  
Sauro Vittori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Ethyl Hexanoate ◽  
Complete Destruction ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Volatile Profiles

Strawberry is the most consumed berry fruit worldwide due to its unique aroma and flavor. Drying fruits to produce a powder represents one of the possible conservation methods to extend their shelf-life. The aim of the present study was to compare the influence of freezing and different drying methods on the volatile profile of strawberry using the HS-SPME/GC–MS method, in addition to analysis of strawberry jam volatiles. A total of 165 compounds were identified, accounting for 85.03–96.88% of the total volatile compositions. Results and PCA showed that freezing and each drying process affected the volatile profile in a different way, and the most remarkable representative differential volatiles were ethyl hexanoate, hexyl acetate, (E)-2-hexenyl acetate, mesifurane, (E)-nerolidol, γ-decalactone, 1-hexanol, and acetoin. Shade air-dried, frozen, freeze-dried, and oven-dried 45 °C samples retained more of the fruity and sweet aromas of strawberry, representing more than 68% of the total aroma intensity according to the literature. In contrast, the microwave-drying method showed drastic loss of fruity esters. Strawberry jams demonstrated complete destruction of esters and alcohols in most jams, while terpenes were significantly increased. These findings help better understand the aroma of strawberry and provide a guide for the effects of drying, freezing, and jam processing.

Effect of drying methods on the nutritional content and In- vitro Antioxidant capacity of Chenopodium album L. and Spinacia oleracea L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 4361-4366
Author(s):  
Sonia Singh ◽  
Neetu Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Microwave Drying ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Hot Air

The herbs, Chenopodium album Linn. and Spinacia oleracea Linn. belongs to Chenopodiaceae family, are the two nutritious and edible green leafy food crops, abundantly found especially in the northern-west region of India. These plants have gained renown popularity, because of their high nutritional content including protein, amino acids, carbohydrate, and even the presence of phenolic components, which ultimately may get affected with drying and storage techniques. Impact of different drying methods (microwave drying at 4 minutes, hot air oven drying at 5 hours and sun drying at 8-10 hours) on nutrient quality and antioxidant property of Chenopodium album Linn. and Spinacia oleracea Linn. leaves were evaluated by using UV spectrophotometritc assay, total phenolic content and DPPH free radical scavenger method. Drying treatments were significantly decreased the moisture, carbohydrate and protein content present in C.album and S. oleracea. Hot air oven drying method produced dried samples of C.album and S. oleracea had significantly similar antioxidant activity when compared with the samples obtained from sun drying method. The dried samples obtained from hot air oven drying technique showed significant presence of total phenolic content in C. album and S. oleracea (6.44±0.12 mg/g, 6.69±0.40 mg/g) whilst the traditional sun drying method produced 8.00±0.02 mg/g and 7.89±0.37 mg/g). It is concluded that microwave drying and hot air oven drying were the methods to preserve appreciable percentage of nutrient components compared to the fresh samples. On other hand, the traditional method produced substantial reduction of nutrient quality. From statistical analysis, hot air oven drying technique was considered as optimum method which showed satisfactory % retention of protein (65.86%) and carbohydrate (85.95%) at 5 hours (shorter time than sun drying time period) along with significant antioxidant activity (34.89 μg/mL and 35.60 μg/mL) similar as obtained from the traditional technique (32.00 μg/mL).

scholarly journals Effect of different drying methods on the composition of steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Irma Aranda-González ◽  
David Betancur-Ancona ◽  
Luis Chel-Guerrero ◽  
Yolanda Moguel-Ordóñez
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Rebaudioside A ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Rebaudioside D

Abstract Drying techniques can modify the composition of certain plant compounds. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the effect of different drying methods on steviol glycosides in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves. Four different drying methods were applied to Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves, which were then subjected to aqueous extraction. Radiation or convection drying was performed in stoves at 60°C, whereas shade or sun drying methods were applied at 29.7°C and 70% of relative humidity. Stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, dulcoside A, and steviolbioside were quantified by a validated HPLC method. Among steviol glycosides, the content (g 100 g−1 dry basis) of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside B, and rebaudioside C varied according to the drying method. The total glycoside content was higher in sun-dried samples, with no significant differences compared to shade or convection drying, whereas radiation drying adversely affected the content of rebaudioside A and rebaudioside C (p <0.01) and was therefore a method lowering total glycoside content. The effect of the different drying methods was also reflected in the proportion of the sweetener profile. Convection drying could be suitable for modern food processing industries while shadow or sun drying may be a low-cost alternative for farmers.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Dua Metode Pengeringan Pada Aktivitas Antibakteri Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei ) Terhadap Streptococcus mutans

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Dyke Gita Wirasisya ◽  
Yohanes Juliantoni ◽  
Wahida Hajrin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Angelica Keiskei

The aim of this study was to determine a change that occurs in total phenolic content (TPC) and antibacterial activity of ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) after dried using two different methods : sun and oven drying. The effectiveness of the drying methods was evaluated in term of total phenolic content (TPC) by using spectrophotometric assay with Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and antibacterial activity againts Streptococcus mutans by in vitro macrodilution assay. Oven drying at 60oC possessed high TPC (2,98 ± 0,0935 g EAG/100g) compared to sun drying method (1,72 ± 0,0142 g EAG/100g). Simillar pattern was also observed in antibacterial activity. Oven drying have higher antibacterial activity with the MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration) value of 0,5 mg/mL againts Streptococcus mutans. Therefore, sun drying is not suggested for drying method of ashitaba in terms of total phenolic content and antibacterial activity compared with oven drying methods.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Drying Methods on Phytochemical Content of Caulerpa lentillifera from Kei Islands

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Alfonsina Marthina Tapotubun ◽  
Fredrik Rieuwpassa ◽  
Unang Supratman ◽  
Beni Setha
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Caulerpa Lentillifera ◽  
Kei Islands

Seaweed, Caulerpa sp., is one of the natural materials that contain many kinds of bioactive compounds depending on species and habitat. The aim of this study was to know the effect of sun drying method on the phytochemical content of C. lentillifera from Kei Islands waters, Southeast Moluccas. The study consisted of several steps,C. lentillifera sample collection using sampling purposive method, direct sun drying and indirect wind drying methods, methanol extraction, and phytochemical test using Harborne method. Crude extract of C. lentillifera in indirect wind drying method was higher than that in direct sun drying. Alkaloid, terpenoid and steroid were found in C. lentillifera from Kei Islands on both drying methods. Saponin was only found in indirect wind drying method. Phenolic compounds were not found in C. lentillifera samples from both drying methods

scholarly journals Variation in nutritional value of Grewia tenax fruits from different regions of Rajasthan, India

1970 ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Mala Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Grewia Tenax

In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to identify the variation in nutritional value of Grewia tenax fruits from different regions of Rajasthan, India. Fruits were collected from Jodhpur (Kailana, Bilara) and Barmer (Siwana) region and analyzed nutritionally. Maximum ash and vitamin C content was obtained in samples from Siwana (4.73% and 56.47% respectively). Maximum fat content (2.66 %) was obtained in samples from Bilara.  Maximum sugar and protein content was obtained in samples from Kailana (35.51% and 8.4% respectively).. They are rich in vitamin C (39 mg/100gm) content. The fruits are also rich sources of minerals such as Ca (0.32±0.03 g/100g), K (1.26±0.31g/100 g) and Na (1.49±0.32 g/100g) than the cultivated crop plants. Trace elements such as Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Mg were also analyzed. These results of nutritional composition were compared with those collected from Bilara and Siwana area of Jodhpur region. Many medicinal applications of G. tenax viz. as remedy for colds and chest complaints have also been reported. Thus, the importance of G. tenax in the rural economy is highly significant.

scholarly journals Effects of Drying Methods and Onion Bulb Variety on Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Onion Powder

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-54
Author(s):  
Ayéméné Cédrick Ardin Koménan ◽  
Bio Sigui Bruno Bamba ◽  
Joëlle-Annabelle N’gouin ◽  
Marie Stella Hermance Akré ◽  
Yadé Réné Soro
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Shelf Stable ◽  
Functional Components

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a rich source of constituents that are beneficial to human health. However, the short shelf life of these vegetables are a major cause of postharvest losses during peak harvesting season. Drying is one of the most convenient technologies for shelf stable food products production. This study is aimed at assessing the effects of three drying methods (industrial oven, electric dryer and sun drying) on physicochemical (moisture content, ash content, pH, titratable acidity, total polyphenol contents) and functional properties (water solubility and particle sizes) of onion powders of two onion varieties (white and violet of galmi). From the results obtained, physicochemical and functional components are affected significantly (P<0.05) by drying process but not titratable acidity (to the order of 36 mEq/100g DM). In addition, the moisture content of onion powders were below 13.66±0.115, 14.73±0.115, 14.60±0.305 g/100g WM for industrial oven, electric dryer and sun drying respectively with pH between 3.29 and 5.16. In addition, these powders showed a small particle size (under 400 μm) and high solubility as 93.33±2.3, 72±0.5, 62.66±2.3 g/100 g DM for Electric dryer (ED), Industrial oven (IO) and Sun drying (SD) respectively. Furthermore, polyphenol content was almost different in all the different drying process with values between 721.32 to 962.26 mg GAE/100g DM. Moreover, all properties were varied significantly (P<0.05) between white and violet of galmi powders. The preferred drying method and onion variety were industrial oven and violet of galmi. Finally, these results could be a valorization way to promote an industrialization of onion powders.

scholarly journals Development of formulation and technology of marshmallows with dried persimmon

2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 07006
Author(s):  
Aleksandr N. Sapozhnikov ◽  
Anastasiia V. Kopylova ◽  
Gharib Hafizov
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Classical Formulation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Active Substances

The paper shows a short review of main useful properties of persimmon fruits, methods of their processing and practical use in formulations of different food production types. Based on the review, the advisability of using persimmon in marshmallows formulations is shown. Comparative characteristics of two drying methods of persimmon are carried out practically, and optimal parameters of drying process, where losses of biologically active substances are minimal, are established. The comparison of sensory characteristics of two marshmallow samples is shown, and their nutritional value is calculated. First (control) marshmallow sample was obtained using classical formulation. The formulation of second (experimental) marshmallow sample also included dried persimmon powder. It is determined that persimmon powder does not have negative effect on sensory properties of marshmallows and improves its nutritional value. Therefore, powder can be implemented practically. The developed marshmallows are a healthy food product, so it can work towards sustainable development of modern society reducing the number of nutritional diseases.

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