scholarly journals Intention to Read to Newborns Following a Brief Reading Promotion Intervention among Low-Income Pregnant Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Deshanett Clay ◽  
Carolyn R. Ahlers-Schmidt ◽  
Mary Benton ◽  
Matt Engel ◽  
Molly Brown
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Word Knowledge ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Actual Reading ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Baseline Knowledge ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Reading To Children

Introduction. Reading to children can increase word knowledge andsuccess in school. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommendsbeginning reading at birth. However, children from low-incomefamilies are exposed to less words, including reading exposure, thanchildren from high-income families.Methods.xPregnant women attending a community prenatal educationprogram targeted at high-risk and low-income populationswere recruited into this study. Participants completed a pre-survey,engaged with a brief educational intervention, then completed amatched post-survey. Surveys assessed perceived benefits, intendedbehaviors, and self-efficacy regarding reading to their child.Results. Of 61 eligible participants, 54 (89%) completed the study.Participants reported being Black (33%), White (30%), Hispanic(28%), and other race (9%). Average gestational age at enrollmentwas 27 weeks (range 13 to 38 weeks). The average age of respondentswas 26 years (SD = 7.2); 46% reported being pregnant for the firsttime. Following the intervention, no change in knowledge regardingbenefits of reading was observed, however, baseline knowledge washigh (58% - 94%). At post-test, significantly more women reported itwas important to start reading to their child at birth (83% vs 56%; p< 0.001) and that they planned to start reading to their child at birth(70% vs 50%; p = 0.001).Conclusions. A brief educational intervention showed promise inincreasing pregnant women’s intentions to read to their children andshould be considered in conjunction with other reading promotionprograms. Follow-up to assess actual reading behavior is needed.Kans J Med 2019;12(2):50-52.

scholarly journals Impact of Pharmacists and Student Pharmacists in Educating and Screening Low-Income Women for Cardiovascular Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie A. DiPietro ◽  
Kristen Finley Sobota ◽  
Martin R. Giannamore
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Satisfaction Survey ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Educational Materials ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Post Test

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on knowledge of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to increase awareness of risk factors among female patients of a community health center with an on-site 340B pharmacy. Methods: The program consisted of a 10-minute educational intervention and brief pre-test, post-test, and participant satisfaction survey. Adult female patients at the clinic for any provider visit or prescription fill were eligible to participate. Participants met individually with a student pharmacist or faculty member and verbally completed the pre-test. The participant received education regarding CVD, risk factors, and symptoms of myocardial infarction and were screened for hypertension and/or hyperlipidemia. The post-test was then verbally administered. Participants answered the satisfaction survey privately. Based on individual needs, educational materials and information on available pharmacy clinical services were provided. The university IRB deemed the study exempt. Results:Eighty-four individuals received educational materials and/or a screening test. Of those, 30 women (mean age 46.9 years) completed the educational intervention. Thirteen (43%) reported smoking; 22 (73%) identified themselves as overweight. Fourteen (47%) indicated a preexisting diagnosis of hypertension. Correct responses for 6 of 8 knowledge-based questions were statistically significantly improved from pre-test to post-test (p Conclusion: CVD is the leading cause of death in U.S. women. Data from this program indicate that through screening and education, pharmacists and student pharmacists can impact female patients' knowledge of CVD risk factors. Continued efforts in this area may help to reduce the public health burden of CVD.   Type: Student Project

Assessment of knowledge of vincristine toxicities in outpatient pediatric hematology/oncology nurses: An educational intervention.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 231-231
Author(s):  
David Tishler ◽  
Leidy Isenalumhe ◽  
Sajad Khazal ◽  
Sujata Mushrif ◽  
Teresa Rushing
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽  
Pediatric Hematology ◽  
Solid Malignancies ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Retention Of Knowledge ◽  
Individual Scores

231 Background: Vincristine (VCR) is a chemotherapeutic agent with a unique neurological side effect profile and is integral to the treatment of many pediatric hematological and solid malignancies. Side effects requiring VCR dose modification include peripheral neuropathies, intestinal ileus, cranial nerve abnormalities, hyponatremia and seizures. In our institution, orders for weekly VCR are written in advance by oncologists and administered by outpatient nurses independent of a provider physical examination. We sought to increase knowledge of VCR toxicities and improve pre-chemotherapy evaluation skills among outpatient Hematology/Oncology (Hem/Onc) nurses. Methods: A 23-question written quiz was given as a pre-test to 14 outpatient Hem/Onc nurses to assess their fund of knowledge regarding VCR toxicities. An educational intervention was then provided to the cohort as a lecture by a Hem/Onc fellow physician. The lecture was followed by the same quiz given as post-test to the nurses. Individual participant and group scores were tabulated comparing pre and post-test responses to assess improvement in identification and recognition of VCR toxicities. Results: 12/14 nurses demonstrated improvement in their fund of knowledge regarding VCR side effects (mean change in individual scores + 4.7). As a group, mean scores increased from 15.2 to 18/23 (the two-sample paired t-test was significant with a two-tailed p<0.005). Conclusions: An educational intervention significantly improved outpatient Hem/Onc nurses fund of knowledge regarding identification and evaluation of VCR toxicities. Future objectives include follow-up evaluation of retention of knowledge of VCR side effects and incorporating a VCR toxicity checklist into the electronic medical record outpatient nursing note.

Adapting a 1% or Less Milk Campaign for a Hispanic/Latino Population: The Adelante Con Leche Semi-Descremada 1% Experience

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnell J. Hinkle ◽  
Ritesh Mistry ◽  
William J. McCarthy ◽  
Antronette K. Yancey
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Low Income ◽  
East Los Angeles ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Nonfat Milk ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Community Residents ◽  
Post Test

Purpose. Describe and evaluate a media campaign to encourage 1% or nonfat milk consumption. Design. Uncontrolled pre/post test. Setting. One largely rural (Santa Paula) and one urban (East Los Angeles) California community. Subjects. Community residents and milk vendors in primarily low-income Latino/Hispanic communities. Intervention. The “1% or Less” milk campaign, which promotes substitution of 2% fat or whole milk with 1% or less fat milk was adapted and implemented. Measures. Comparison of post-campaign milk sales with pre-campaign sales. Analysis. Chi-square tests of independence used to compare precampaign and postcampaign sales. Results. There were decreases in the proportion of whole milk sold and increases in the proportion of reduced-fat, low-fat, and nonfat milk sold in the weeks following each campaign (Santa Paula: p = .0165; East Los Angeles: p < .0001). However, follow-up data from East Los Angeles suggest that these changes were not sustained. The proportions of the different units of milk sold also changed in the weeks following each campaign (p < .0001). Sales of whole milk gallon units decreased from 36.3% to 28.4% in Santa Paula, and from 43.5% to 10.2% in East Los Angeles. Conclusion. Highly focused campaigns to promote substitution of high-fat milk with low-fat or nonfat milk can show dramatic initial changes in sales patterns. However, whether such campaigns can have a sustained impact in largely Latino/Hispanic communities is not evident.

scholarly journals The New Patterns study: coordinated measures to combat child poverty

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482095645
Author(s):  
Eirin Mølland ◽  
Kristine L. Vigsnes ◽  
Tormod Bøe ◽  
Hilde Danielsen ◽  
Kjetil Grimastad Lundberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Child Poverty ◽  
Register Data ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Implementation Data

Background Child poverty rates are rising in Norway with potential negative consequences for children. Services for families with low income are often fragmented and poorly integrated, and few coordinated initiatives have been implemented and evaluated in Norway. Aims: The aim of the current study is to evaluate how integrated and coordinated services provided over a prolonged period by a family coordinator are related to changes across a wide range of health, wellbeing and home environment indicators for the participants. Methods: The study uses a mixed methods approach utilising survey and register data, as well as information from interviews and shadowing, to document and evaluate outcomes associated with the intervention and the process of implementation. Data are gathered at baseline and annually throughout the duration of the study. Participants are identified to facilitate longer-term follow-up using register data. Conclusions: This project will develop important knowledge about the implementation of coordinated services to families with a low income, and how this way of organizing services influences important outcomes for the family members in the short and long term.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of the Good Affordable Food Intervention for Adults with Low Socioeconomic Status and Small Incomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathelijne M.H.H. Bessems ◽  
Evelyne Linssen ◽  
Marion Lomme ◽  
Patricia Van Assema
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Post Test

Good Affordable Food (GAF) is a small-group nutrition education intervention for adults with low socioeconomic status and small incomes. It aims to empower participants to save money on groceries and consume healthier diets. This paper reports the short-term and longer-term effects on behavioural determinants and self-reported behavioural changes. A quasi-experimental control group design was applied with a baseline measurement, a post-test immediately after the intervention, and a follow-up measurement after six months. The study included 237 participants (intervention group: n = 131; control group: n = 106) at baseline, 197 at post-test, and 152 at follow-up. Data were collected by telephone, mostly using closed interview questions. Positive short-term and longer-term effects were found for attitude towards the costs of healthy foods, food label use, and the use of liquid butter or oil to prepare hot meals. Short-term intervention effects related to knowledge towards saving money on groceries, self-efficacy towards healthy eating, portion size awareness, and mindful eating. GAF was effective in changing some determinants and behaviours related to cost and food consumption, however, mostly in the short term. Thereby, it is an example of combining pricing and health information in nutrition education that developers of effective nutrition education for low-income groups can build on.

Applicability of the Denver Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire in a Low-Income Population

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Michael S. Rosenbaum ◽  
Cristina Chua-Lim ◽  
Joan Wilhite ◽  
Vipul N. Mankad
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Predominantly Black ◽  
Low Income Population ◽  
Agreement Score ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Audiovisual Presentation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Parental Responses

A prospective study was conducted to assess the applicability of the Denver Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (DPDQ) in a predominantly black, low-income population in Mobile, Alabama. The effect of an educational intervention designed to increase the accuracy of parental responses to the DPDQ was also assessed. In a longitudinal follow-up program, 127 infants aged 2 weeks to 1 year were recruited. Parents in a randomly selected experimental group observed an audiovisual presentation describing progressive developmental behaviors, received handout materials summarizing these behaviors, and were asked to record their child's subsequent attainment of these behaviors. Mean agreement scores, obtained by comparing parental responses to the DPDQ with the corresponding items of the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST), did not differ between the experimental and control groups. These scores showed agreement of 93.6% (3-month visit), 91.3% (6-month visit), 91.6% (9-month visit), and 95.1% (12-month visit), resulting in an overall mean agreement score of 92.9%. The overreferral rate was low (13%) and no underreferrals were obtained. These results attest to the applicability of the DPDQ in low-income population and demonstrate the lack of effectiveness of the educational intervention in increasing the accuracy of parental responses to the DPDQ.

scholarly journals Pharmacists’ Knowledge of Veterinary Pharmacotherapy and the Impact of an Educational Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 244-251
Author(s):  
Natalie W. Young ◽  
Kenneth D. Royal ◽  
Mina Park ◽  
Gigi S. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Statewide Assessment ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Baseline Knowledge ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Background: To date, there is very limited data regarding pharmacists’ preparedness to handle animal prescriptions. No previous studies exist examining the impact of a veterinary-pharmacy–focused educational intervention. Objective: To assess pharmacists’ baseline knowledge of veterinary pharmacotherapy, as relevant to their professional responsibilities, and assess the impact of a piloted educational program. Methods: Two studies were conducted. The first study involved a statewide assessment of pharmacists’ knowledge of veterinary pharmacotherapy; the second study assessed the impact of an educational intervention to improve pharmacists’ veterinary pharmacotherapy knowledge base. Participants in the pilot study were assessed via pretest and posttest. Results: The statewide sample of participants (n = 602) received a mean score of 5.9 (SD = 2.6) on a 17-item questionnaire. There were no discernible differences in participants’ knowledge based on the subject matter of the question (pathophysiology, dosing, counseling, compounding, legality, and toxicology). Using the same 17-item questionnaire, pilot study participants (n = 60) received a mean score of 5.2 (SD = 2.4) on the pretest and 16.6 (SD = 0.7) on the posttest. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that a substantial portion of pharmacists lack the knowledge needed to process and dispense the veterinary prescriptions most commonly encountered in community pharmacies. Furthermore, this study shows that implementation of an educational intervention can increase pharmacists’ knowledge of core concepts necessary to safely care for animal patients.

scholarly journals Cessation and reduction in smoking behavior: impact of creating a smoke-free home on smokers

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Haardörfer ◽  
M Kreuter ◽  
C J Berg ◽  
C Escoffery ◽  
Ł T Bundy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Texas Gulf Coast ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a creating a smoke-free home (SFH) on cessation and reduction of cigarette smoking on low-income smokers. This secondary data analysis uses data from study participants who were originally recruited through 2-1-1 information and referral call centers in Atlanta (Georgia, 2013), North Carolina (2014) and the Texas Gulf Coast (2015) across three randomized controlled trials testing an intervention aimed at creating SFHs, pooling data from 941 smokers. Participants who reported adopting a SFH were more likely to report quitting smoking than those who did not adopt a SFH. This was true at 3-month follow-up and even more pronounced at 6-month follow-up and persisted when considering only those who consistently reported no smoking at 3 and 6 months. Among those who did not stop smoking, the number of cigarettes per day declined significantly more and quit attempts were more frequent for those who created a SFH compared with those who did not. Findings suggest that creating a SFH facilitates cessation, reduces cigarette consumption and increases quit attempts. Future studies should assess the long-term impact of SFHs on sustaining cessation.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Theory-Driven Nutritional Education Program in Improving Calcium Intake among Older Mauritian Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trishnee Bhurosy ◽  
Rajesh Jeewon
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Dietary Calcium Intake ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Post Test

Background. Low calcium intake, a risk factor of osteoporosis and subsequent fractures, has been previously reported among post-menopausal women in Mauritius.Objective. To assess the effectiveness of a theory-based educational intervention in improving the calcium intake, self-efficacy, and knowledge of older Mauritians.Methodology. The study was conducted as a pre- and post-test design which was evaluated through a baseline, immediate postintervention, and 2-month follow-up assessments. Participants were adults (n=189) aged ≥40 years old from 2 urban community-based centres. The intervention group (IG) (n=98) participated in 6 weekly interactive lessons based on the health belief model (HBM). The main outcome measures were calcium intake, HB scale scores, knowledge scores, and physical activity level (PAL). Anthropometric measurements were also assessed.Results. The IG significantly increased its baseline calcium intake, knowledge and self-efficacy (P<0.001) at post-assessments. A significant decrease in waist circumference in the IG was noted (P<0.05) after intervention. PAL significantly increased by 12.3% at post-test and by 29.6% at follow-up among intervention adults when compared to the CG (P<0.001).Conclusion. A theory-driven educational intervention is effective in improving the dietary calcium intake, knowledge, self-efficacy, and PAL of older community-based Mauritian adults.

scholarly journals Ability to Reach Low-Income Smokers Enrolled in a Randomised Controlled Trial Varies with Time of Month

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Kathryn Hawk ◽  
Ruizhi Shi ◽  
June Weiss ◽  
Robert Makuch ◽  
Benjamin Toll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
States Of Emergency ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Generalised Estimating Equations

Introduction: Because of financial pressures, low-income individuals sometimes run out of cellphone service towards the end of the month.Aims: To determine if the time of month affects ability to reach low-income smokers by telephone.Methods: We reviewed data from a completed trial in the United States of emergency department (ED)-initiated tobacco dependence treatment for low-income smokers at a busy, academic ED in an urban community. We recorded the date of each one-month follow-up call, and divided each month into four time blocks: Week 1, Week 2, Week 3, and Week 4.Results: A total of 2,049 phone calls were made to reach 769 participants. Of these calls, 677 (33%) resulted in contact; 88% of all participants were contacted. Using generalised estimating equations with Week 4 as reference, the odds of a successful contact at Weeks 1, 2, and 3 were, respectively, 1.52 (95% CI 1.18, 1.96), 1.30 (95% CI 1.01, 1.66), and 1.37 (95% CI 1.07, 1.76).Conclusions: Study participants became progressively difficult to reach. This result may reflect low-income smokers’ decreased rates of active telephone service later in the month and suggests a mechanism to improve follow-up rates in future studies of low-income populations.

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