scholarly journals Effect of the use of Yarrowia lipolytica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast with a probiotic in the diet of turkeys on their gut microbiota and immunity

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 174-182
Author(s):  
A Czech ◽  
I Sembratowicz ◽  
G Zieba
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Fodder Yeast

An experiment was carried out to determine whether the yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica added to compound feeds for turkeys would have a more beneficial effect on their immunity and gut microflora composition than the commonly used species Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An additional aim of the study was to test whether the addition of a probiotic (Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis) to the feed containing Yarrowia lipolytica or Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast would enhance their effect. The experiment was carried out on growing turkey hens aged 7 to 112 days and randomly divided into six groups (each n = 80). The birds in the control group (C) and group P were fed standard feeds, but group P additionally received a probiotic. Groups Y and YP received the feed containing the Yarrowia lipolytica fodder yeast, and the probiotic for the YP group. Similarly, in groups S and SP, the turkeys received the feed with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fodder yeast, and the probiotic was additionally added to the feed for the SP group. Yarrowia lipolytica yeast can be an alternative to the commonly used yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in turkey feeds. Yarrowia lipolytica favourably influenced the intestinal microbiota (reduced the number of microorganisms – P < 0.001, fungi – P < 0.001, and coliforms – P < 0.001, including E. coli), and stimulated erythropoiesis (increased Hb content – P = 0.049 and RBC count – P = 0.027; increased Ht – P < 0.001) and immune mechanisms (increased the %pc – P = 0.021, NBT value – P = 0.013 and lysozyme content – P = 0.013; decreased IgM concentration – P = 0.049). The combined use of a probiotic with yeast, particularly Yarrowia lipolytica, has a more beneficial effect on the gut microbiota than the use of Yarrowia lipolytica alone. The combined use of a probiotic with a yeast, particularly Yarrowia lipolytica, has a more beneficial effect on the gut microbiota than the use of Yarrowia lipolytica alone.

scholarly journals Effect of the Use of Yarrowia lipolytica or Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast with a Probiotic in the Diet of Turkey Hens on Growth Performance and Gut Histology

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1047-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Czech ◽  
Malwina Merska-Kazanowska ◽  
Katarzyna Ognik ◽  
Grzegorz Zięba
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Yarrowia Lipolytica ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Histology ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Fodder Yeast ◽  
Effect On Growth

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine whether the alternative yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica in turkey feed would have a more beneficial effect on growth performance and intestinal histology than the commonly used species Saccharomyces cerevisiae. An additional objective of the study was to test whether the addition of a probiotic to feed containing Yarrowia lipolytica or Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast would enhance its effect on growth performance and intestinal histology in turkeys. The experiment was carried out on 480 turkey hens randomly divided into six groups. Birds from the control group (C) and group P were fed standard feeds but group P additionally received a probiotic (0.05%). Groups Y and YP received feed containing Yarrowia lipolytica fodder yeast (3%), and the YP group received also the probiotic (0.05%). Similarly, in groups S and SP, the turkeys received feed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae fodder yeast (3%), and for the SP group the probiotic was added to the feed (0.05%). Yarrowia lipolytica yeast added in the amount of 3% to the turkey feed may be an alternative to the commonly used Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast, because it improved growth performance, and above all, had a more beneficial effect on intestinal histology. The use of Yarrowia lipolytica alone can be beneficial for growth performance, while the combined use of 3% Yarrowia lipolytica in the feed and a 0.05% addition of a probiotic containing Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis has a more beneficial effect on gastrointestinal histology.

scholarly journals Assessment of Gut Microbiota and Selected Blood Parameters in Weaned Piglets Following Supplementation with a Probiotic and Vitamin C

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-189
Author(s):  
Leszek Tymczyna ◽  
Beata Trawińska ◽  
Marta Kowaleczko ◽  
Anna Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska ◽  
Jerzy Lechowski
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Group Group

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the gut microbiota and selected haematological and biochemical blood parameters of weaned piglets following dietary supplementation with a probiotic and vitamin C. the piglets were divided into a control group (group C) and an experimental group (group E), with 30 piglets in each group. All animals received the same feed ad libitum. The animals in the control group (group C) received feed with no added probiotic and vitamin C. the piglets in the experimental group (group E) were given a supplement containing a probiotic (Bacillus cereus 1×109 CFU/kg) in the amount of 1.5 g/piglet/day and vitamin c in the amount of 300 mg/piglet/day. The supplement was administered for 28 days. The total numbers of bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae and of the genus Lactobacillus were determined in faeces. The erythrocyte count, haemoglobin level, haematocrit, leukocyte count, and percentages of neutrophils and lymphocytes were determined in the blood. The biochemical analysis concerned the concentration of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, and LDL and HDL cholesterol. In group E a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the total number of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria was observed in the faeces of the piglets, accompanied by an increase in the number of lactobacilli relative to group C. E. coli was found to predominate over other microorganisms. Salmonella choleraesuis bacteria were present in the faeces of both groups before administration of the supplement, but were not found after its use. The supplement with probiotic and vitamin C caused a significant increase in the erythrocyte, haemoglobin and haematocrit levels in the blood of the piglets and a significant decrease in the concentration of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol.

Effects of different doses of probiotic yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the duodenal mucosa in rabbits

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilay Seyidoglu ◽  
Sabire Peker
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
Intestinal Health ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Doses

Probiotics and their components have been used to improve growth performance and immunity, as well as intestinal health. This study evaluated the effect of different doses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the morphological properties of duodenums of rabbits. Twenty 6-7 weeks old male New Zealand White Rabbits were randomly allocated into three groups for 90 days. The first group (control group) received the basal diet, the second group received basal diet supplemented with S.cerevisiae at a level of 2g/kg of feed, and the third group was fed with S.cerevisiae live yeast culture added at 4.0 g/kg. At the end of the experiment duodenum segments were taken, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed for histological examination. In this study, the total thickness of the mucosa, the height of the villi and depth of the crypts and depth of the glands of the duodenum were found to be longer with the increased yeast doses. However, there was no significant difference among the villus crypt ratio of the groups. In conclusion, the total thickness of the mucosa, villus heights, crypt depths and gland depths were increased significantly in both of the yeast groups of rabbits. Therefore, it may be proposed that administration of S.cerevisiae in either low or high doses may be used for intestinal health.

scholarly journals The effect of doxycycline on the microbial composition of chicken manure

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
L. V. Shevchenko ◽  
◽  
Yu. V. Dobrozhan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Therapeutic Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

The use of antibiotics during treatment of infectious diseases of chickens causes the release of their residues with manure and entry into the environment, which creates a risk of antibiotic resistance pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and violates the microbiocenosis of the digestive system of chickens. The purpose of research was to determine the effect of doxycycline as one of the most common antibiotics used in poultry on the microbial composition of chicken manure. Ingestion of doxycycline solution to the laying hens in therapeutic doses for 7 days caused a decrease of the number of gram-negative rodshaped bacteria, which include most strains of E. coli, by 43.5 %. The use of an aqueous solution of doxycycline to laying hens at therapeutic concentrations caused a 5.2-fold decrease of the number of Citrobacter colonies and a 4.4-fold decrease in Proteus mirabilis colonies in the laying hens manure, indicating a certain sensitivity of these microorganisms to doxycycline. Doxycycline at therapeutic concentrations did not affect to the number of microorganisms of the enterobacteria family: Klebsiella, Enterobacter and E. Faecalis, which were not sensitive to doxycycline. The effect of doxycycline in therapeutic concentration on the number of Staphylococcus in the chickens manure, including the opportunistic S. epidermidis, and the pathogenic species S. aureus, has not been established either. After stopping the use of doxycycline in the therapeutic concentration to the chickens of industrial herd on day 10, it was found that the number of E. coli bacteria in the manure was restored almost to the level of the control group. Microorganisms belonging to the genus Klebsiella, their numbers in the chickens manure 10 days after cessation of use of doxycycline in therapeutic concentration, recovered 4 times slower than the control.

scholarly journals Effect of Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Supported by Selenium and Zinc on Lipid Profile of Local Sheep Males

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Mohannad Aremmt ◽  
T Mohammed ◽  
saad Alrawi
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Organic Form ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group 3

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supported with zinc and selenium on the lipid profile. of Twenty-one Iraqi males sheep were used aged (1-1.5) years and the weight mean approximately (38±4) kg. experiment animals used divided randomly into three treated groups each group have 7 males. All males were fed on the same ration. The first group was considered as a control group without treatment (T1), the second group (T2) were given yeast enriched with zinc (Saccharomyces cerevisiae -zinc) with dosage (0.2 g/kg/bw), the third group (3) was given yeast enriched with selenium (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-selenium) with dosage (0.03 g/kg/bw). The results showed significant (P≤0.05) differences control group compare with the other two-treated groups (T3 and T2) in triglyceride, LDL , VLDL and HDL . The results indicate to significant differences (P≤0.05) of (T2 and T3) compare with the control group by HDL . From the results concluded that there synergistic effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with zinc and selenium as organic form (Saccharomyces cerevisiae-zinc/selenium) could be attributed to improved animal health.

scholarly journals The dynamics of humoral protection factors in broilers under the conditions of probiotic preparations application

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 264-267
Author(s):  
M.M. Romanovych
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Group I ◽  
Experimental Group

The health of farm poultry depends on the balance between normal and potentially pathogenic intestinal microflora. Any changes in this equilibrium are accompanied by functional impairments, which, in turn, lead to a decrease in productivity. The use of probiotics helps to avoid imbalance of intestinal microflora and death of young animals. In this connection, it is relevant to study the effects of probiotic drugs to improve the vitality and immune function of the poultry. The purpose of the research was to clarify the effect of BPS-44 and different amounts of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the activity of the humoral level of natural resistance in chicken broilers. Experiments were carried out on broiler chicks-308 grown in the Fedyuk M farm in the Zolochiv district of Lviv oblast. The maintenance of the chickens was cellular with free access to feed and water. Technological parameters of broiler cultivation (temperature and light regime) were in accordance with the norms of ONTP-2005. Experiments were conducted in 4 groups of broiler chickens of 100 chicks in each according to the scheme: the control group was fed with the standard feed (SC) according to the existing norms recommended for the ROSS-308 cross; the experimental group I in addition to the SC received a probiotic BPS-44 (registration certificate No. 2154-04-0254-06 dated November 24, 2006), based on the production strain of bacteria Bacillus subtilis ssp. subtilis 44-p, dose 0.21 g/kg, the experimental group II – 1% yeast Saccharomyces cerévisiae; the experimental group III of chickens – 2% yeast Saccharomyces cerévisiae. Blood was taken from chickens in order to carry out immunological research at different age intervals: 11, 27, 34 and 41 days of age. Blood serum was determined by bactericidal and lysozyme activity and the content of circulating immune complexes. The stimulatory effect of BPS-44 and yeast Saccharomyces cerеvisiae in the composition of mixed fodder for broiler chickens on the dynamics of the formation of humoral protection factors in the bird organism was established. At the same time, in the conditions of use of yeast Saccharomyces cerэvisiae in the composition of mixed fodder, a higher level of indices of the humoral level of non-specific resistance was recorded, than the preparation BPS-44.

scholarly journals P081 The structure of the proteomic profile and gut microbiota in patients with primary immunodeficiency, common variable immunodeficiency and inflammatory bowel disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S175-S176
Author(s):  
A A Iakovlev ◽  
A Volkov ◽  
O Bashtovaya ◽  
I Shcherbakova ◽  
T Ghazudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Primary Immunodeficiency ◽  
Common Variable Immunodeficiency ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Colon Mucosa ◽  
Hydrogen Breath Test ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Common Variable

Abstract Background Infringement of intestinal microbiota in patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID), common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and ulcerative colitis (UC) continues to be studied. The aim of the research is a comprehensive study of the structure of gut microbiota and mucosal protein profile (MPP) in patients with PID, CVID and UC in different phases of the disease course. Methods The research included 15 patients with PID, 22 CVID and 46 UC (28 with relapse and 18 with persistent remission of the disease), control group—20 healthy volunteers. Estimation of gut microbiota was performed by bacteriological seeding, hydrogen breath test (HBT) with lactulose. Content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial lipid markers (MLM) in faeces and colon mucosa was determined by gas–liquid chromatographic and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). MPP was based on isoelectric focusing techniques (SDS–PAGE, 2DGE). Mass spectrograms were obtained using MALDI-TOF-MS/MS (Bruker, USA). Results HBT showed a 4.5-, 8- and 11-fold increase in hydrogen production on a 150th-minute study. SCFA showed a 6-, 9- and 11-fold decrease in propionic and butyric acids, mainly in patients with PID and UC: 0.2 + 0.1, 0.14 + 0.03 and 0.04 + 0.02 mg/g, respectively. Microbiological analysis showed a decrease in titers of E. coli, bifido- and lactobacilli on average 4.6 + 0.8 Lg. The conditionally pathogenic microflora was represented by E. coli, lactose-negative strains (n = 51,105/g) and haemolytic strains (n = 34,104/g, Proteus spp. (n = 48,105/g), Staphylococcus spp. (n = 29,105–6/g), Candida (n = 51,104–6/g) and Clostridium spp. (n = 38,104/g) in stool culture. MLN GS-MS results showed a 5.5-, 3- and 6-fold increase in total bacterial load in patients with PID, CVID and UC, respectively, which was represented by resident anaerobic microflora: Streptococcus mutants, Clostridium difficile, Candida albicans. Results of MPP (detection rate of 75% or more) of the colon mucosa in patients with PID were detected: 1, 2, 4 okkludin, kininogen 1, interleukin-1B, interleukin 8, B2-glycoprotein, heat shock protein 27, in patients with CVID—translational elongation factor, apolipoprotein C-III. In patients with UC—NF-kB, alipoprotein C-III, TNF-α, interleukin-2 and 8 were presented. Conclusion In patients with PID, CVID and UC markers of colon excess growth and significant decrease in SCFA are recorded during the relapse period. MPP in patients with PID, CVID and UC was characterised by proteins characteristic of inflammation, apoptosis, proliferation and proteins reflecting the activity of the autoimmune process. Patients with UC in the remission have recovery trend of gut microbiota, production of SCFA, disappearance of specific components of altered MPP.

scholarly journals An Electron Microscopic Study of the Effect of (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on the Ability of E. coli 0157:H7 to Attach and Efface Healthy Young Broilers

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
M. S. Shathele Abdullah ◽  
Sharif M. Hassan ◽  
A. A. Alaqil
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
E Coli

The present study was carried out to determine the influence of dietary probiotic source feed (fungal-yeast; Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on the ability of E. coli 0157:H7 to attach and efface healthy young broilers at different feeding periods (7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days of age). There were reductions in bacterial attachment of broilers fed various yeast levels. Twenty one days post-challenging about 87% of the (G1); positive control, chicks fed control diet containing 0.00% baker yeast and challenged with E. coli 0157:H7, showed both cecal attachment and effacement. On the other hand  37% of the (G2); chicks fed control diet containing 0.75% baker yeast and challenged with E. coli 0157:H7, showed cecal attachment. And only 16% of the (G3); chicks fed control diet containing 1.00% baker yeast and challenged with E. coli 0157:H7  showed cecal attachment. The results of this study suggest adding yeast at 1.0% into broilers diets causing a significant (P<0.005) decrease in bacterial attachment and may enhance the productive performance and nutrients utilization via the inhibitory effect of yeast against pathogenic bacteria E. coli 0157:H7.

scholarly journals Evaluation on prebiotic properties of β-glucan and oligo-β-glucan from mushrooms by human fecal microbiota in fecal batch culture

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiraphon Chaikliang ◽  
Santad Wichienchot ◽  
Wirote Youravoug ◽  
Potchanapond Graidist
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Batch Culture ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Auricularia Auricula ◽  
Commercial Yeast

Background: β-glucan is dietary fiber, a structural polysaccharide, β-linked linear chains of D-glucose polymers with variable frequency of branches. β-glucan is isolated from different sources such as cell walls of baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), cereals (oat and barley) and various species of mushrooms. Among 8 mushrooms in the study, Schizophylum commune Fr and Auricularia auricula Judae had the highest in β-glucan contents and the cheapest cost of mushroom per content of β-glucan, respectively. Even the function of β-glucan on immune modulation has been known however no report on interaction between β-glucan and human gut microbiota. Gut microbiota is thought to have health effects by interaction with non-digestible component particular fermentable dietary fiber. It is important to correlate the specific groups of the microbial communities associated with β-glucan fermentation and the consequential SCFA profiles. β-glucan from mushroom may has potential prebiotic function similar to those from commercial yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) β-glucan. Objective: To evaluate on prebiotic properties of soluble β-glucans and oligo-β-glucans from Schizophylum commune Fr and Auricularia auricula Judae by fecal fermentation in batch culture. Methods: In vitro fecal fermentation in anaerobic batch cultures under simulated conditions similar to human colon with human faecal samples from three donors were performed. Comparison on 3 β-glucans and 2 oligo-β-glucans have been studied. Sample was taken at 0 h, 24 h and 48 h to analyze the numbers of bacterial changes by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were analyzed by HPLC. The prebiotic index (PI) was calculated according to the change of 5 specific bacterial genus within 48 h fermentation. Results: Soluble β-glucan from Auricularia auricula Judae increased numbers of bifidobacteria and lactobacillus significantly (P<0.05). The PI of soluble β-glucan and oligo-β-glucan from Schizophylum commune Fr were 0.01 and -0.01, respectively. β-glucan and oligo-β-glucan from Auricularia auricula Judae were 0.11 and -0.07, respectively. Whereas PI of β-glucan from commercial yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was 0.03. Acetate was the most prevalent SCFA found in all treatments followed by propionate, butyrate and lactate, respectively. Conclusion: The study confirmed that β-glucan from Schizophylum commune Fr and Auricularia auricula Judae are candidate prebiotics. Keywords: β-glucan, oligo-β-glucan, prebiotic, mushroom, fecal batch culture

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