scholarly journals Expression of OsNHX1 gene in maize confers salt tolerance and promotes plant growth in the field

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chen ◽  
Q.-J. Chen ◽  
X.-G. Niu ◽  
R. Zhang ◽  
H.-Q. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Northern Blots ◽  
Zea May ◽  
Maize Plants

Maize yield is severely affected by soil salinity. In an effort to engineer maize for improved salt tolerance, embryogenic calli of maize were co-bombarded with plasmids containing <I>Oryza sativa</I> Na<sup>+</sup>/H<sup>+</sup> antiporter gene (<I>OsNHX1</I>) and <I>ba</I>r genes. For the molecular analysis of putative transgenic samples, PCR, Southern and Northern blots were carried out. The maize plants over-expressing <I>OsNHX</I>1 accumulated more biomass when grown in the presence of 200mM NaCl in greenhouse conditions. Higher Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> content was observed in transgenic leaves than in wildtype leaves when treated with 100~200mM NaCl, while the osmotic potential and the proline content in transgenic leaves was lower than in wild-type maize. A field trial revealed that the transgenic maize plants produced higher grain yields than the wild-type plants at the vegetative growth stage. These results demonstrate that the <I>OsNHX1</I> gene was successfully transferred into <I>Zea may</I>s, and the salt-tolerance of transgenic maize was improved by overexpression of the <I>OsNHX1</I> gene.

scholarly journals Function analysis of ZmZHD9, a positive regulator in drought stress response in transgenic maize

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengyu Zhang ◽  
Li Wei ◽  
Liru Cao ◽  
Xiao Qiu ◽  
Jiaxu Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Abiotic Stress Response ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract Backgrounds: Drought stress is one of the major factors that affects maize yield. ZF-HD transcription factors have been proved to play pivotal roles in the regulation of plant growth, hormone conduction signaling and abiotic stress response. However, the molecular mechanism of ZmZHD9-mediated drought tolerance is not well understood. Results: In the present study, we analyzed the functions of ZmZHD9, a member of the maize ZF-HD family. ZmZHD9 is predominantly expressed in leaves, and was induced by drought, salinity, high temperature and abscisic acid (ABA). Subcellular localization indicated that ZmZHD9 protein was localized in the nucleus. ZmZHD9-overexpressing plants showed increased tolerance to drought stress compared with wild-type plants, evaluated by higher RWC and proline content, higher SOD and POD activity, lower REL and MDA content in transgenic plants under drought stress. In addition, the expression of six stress-responsive genes were significantly higher in ZmZHD9 transgenic plants than that in wild-type plants under drought stress.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that ZmZHD9 as a stress-responsive transcription factor which plays a positive regulatory role in response to drought.

Increasing maize seed weight by enhancing the cytoplasmic ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in transgenic maize plants

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangying Wang ◽  
Xiaoping Chen ◽  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Tingsong Liu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Maize Seed ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Adp Glucose Pyrophosphorylase

scholarly journals The relationship of proline content and metabolism on the productivity of maize plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Špoljarević ◽  
Dejan Agić ◽  
Miroslav Lisjak ◽  
Andrej Gumze ◽  
Ian D. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proline Content ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals A semi-dominant mutation in OsCESA9 improves biomass enzymatic digestibility and salt tolerance by relatively remodeling cell walls in rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafeng Ye ◽  
Shuoxun Wang ◽  
Kun Wu ◽  
Yan Ren ◽  
Hongrui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Normal Plant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Straw Return ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background: Cellulose synthase (CESA) mutants have potential use in straw processing due to their lower cellulose content, but almost all of the mutants exhibit defective phenotypes in plant growth and development. Balancing normal plant growth with reduced cellulose content remains a challenge, as cellulose content and normal plant growth are typically negatively correlated with one another. Result: Here, the rice (Oryza sativa) semi-dominant brittle culm (sdbc) mutant Sdbc1, which harbors a substitution (D387N) at the first conserved aspartic acid residue of OsCESA9, exhibits lower cellulose content and reduced secondary wall thickness as well as enhanced biomass enzymatic saccharification compared with the wild type (WT). Further experiments indicated that the OsCESA9D387N mutation may compete with the wild-type OsCESA9 for interacting with OsCESA4 and OsCESA7, further forming non-functional or partially functional CSCs. The OsCESA9/OsCESA9D387N heterozygous plants increase salt tolerance through scavenging and detoxification of ROS and indirectly affecting related gene expression. They also improve rice straw return to the field due to their brittle culms and lower cellulose content without any negative effects in grain yield and lodging. Conclusion: Hence, manipulation of OsCESA9D387N can provide the perspective of the rice straw for biofuels and bioproducts due to its improved enzymatic saccharification.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AGROCHEMICAL LOAD ON PLANT SUPPLY OF FOOD ELEMENTS AND YIELD OF MAIZE IN THE FOREST-STEPPE

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
N.M. Asanishvili ◽  
N.H. Buslaieva ◽  
S.L. Shliakhturova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Chemical Calculation ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
By Products

The article presents the results of research on the optimization of the supply of maize plants with the main nutrients under different agrochemical loads in the Forest-Steppe. The aim of the research was to establish the effect of different doses of mineral fertilizers and by-products of the predecessor as fertilizers on the supply of plants with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and corn yield. The research was carried out during 2016-2019 on dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe with the use of field, chemical, calculation-weight and mathematical-statistical methods. It were found that long-term growing of agricultural crops for 30 years under different agrochemical loading in crop rotation on dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe led to the creation of different agrochemical backgrounds. According to the results of soil and plant diagnostics, it has been established that nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for growing corn. In the variants with application of increased (N180P120K180) and high (N240P120K240) norms of mineral fertilizers against the background of by-products of the predecessor (winter wheat straw), where the highest yield of corn is formed - 11.21-12.10 t / ha, mobile phosphorus content 20 cm layer of soil was very high, mobile potassium - high, easily hydrolyzed nitrogen - very low. In these variants, maize plants in stages BBCH 16, 19 and 65 accumulated the optimal amount of nitrogen, and the content of phosphorus and potassium showed optimal and high supply during the growing season for the application of mineral fertilizers in the norms above N60P45K60.According to the results of correlation and regression analysis, the decisive role of nitrogen and potassium in the formation of corn productivity was confirmed. Mathematical models have been constructed that make it possible to predict the level of maize yield depending on the content of chemical elements in the soil and plants at the early stages of BBCH development.

scholarly journals Effect of Sulfur and Clean Salt on Antioxidant Enzymes and Proline Content in Improving Salt Tolerance of Two Lettuce Cultivars Grown in Basrah

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Jameel H. Hiji ◽  
Abbas M. Jasim ◽  
Awatif N. Jerry
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Loam Soil

The experiment was conducted during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 winter seasons at Abu Al-Khaseeb District at basrah /Iraq on sandy loam soil  to study the effect of sulfur at five concentration ( 0 , 500 , 1000, 1500 and 2000) kg. Ha-1, clean salt at three concentration (0, 0.5 and 1.0) ml. L-1, two cultivars of lettuce local and fajr and interaction among them  at electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (7.85 and 9.69) dS.m-1.  Result showed significant reduction in the activity of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes and proline content in all treatments of sulfur and clean salt especially at 2000 Kg. Ha-1 sulfur and clean salt at 1.0 ml L-1had significantly decrease in CAT activity (295.80 ? 341.65) U mg–1 FW, POD activity (7.86? 8.98) U mg–1 FW and proline (0.50 ? 0.80) mg g-1DW, comparing with control of CAT activity (663.21, 814.65) U mg–1 FW and POD activity (13.83, 15.52) mg–1 FW and proline (1.19, 2.03) mg g-1DW, respectively for two seasons due to the role of sulfur and clean salt ameliorates the adverse effects of salinity on plants. Fajr lettuce is more salt-tolerant than local due to less antioxidant enzyme levels POD, CAT and proline.

scholarly journals Transgenic maize plants by tissue electroporation.

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1495-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
K D'Halluin ◽  
E Bonne ◽  
M Bossut ◽  
M De Beuckeleer ◽  
J Leemans
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Tissue Electroporation ◽  
Maize Plants

scholarly journals Overexpression of a Novel ROP Gene from the Banana (MaROP5g) Confers Increased Salt Stress Tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxia Miao ◽  
Peiguang Sun ◽  
Juhua Liu ◽  
Jingyi Wang ◽  
Biyu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ion Distribution ◽  
Membrane Injury ◽  
Primary Roots

Rho-like GTPases from plants (ROPs) are plant-specific molecular switches that are crucial for plant survival when subjected to abiotic stress. We identified and characterized 17 novel ROP proteins from Musa acuminata (MaROPs) using genomic techniques. The identified MaROPs fell into three of the four previously described ROP groups (Groups II–IV), with MaROPs in each group having similar genetic structures and conserved motifs. Our transcriptomic analysis showed that the two banana genotypes tested, Fen Jiao and BaXi Jiao, had similar responses to abiotic stress: Six genes (MaROP-3b, -5a, -5c, -5f, -5g, and -6) were highly expressed in response to cold, salt, and drought stress conditions in both genotypes. Of these, MaROP5g was most highly expressed in response to salt stress. Co-localization experiments showed that the MaROP5g protein was localized at the plasma membrane. When subjected to salt stress, transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing MaROP5g had longer primary roots and increased survival rates compared to wild-type A. thaliana. The increased salt tolerance conferred by MaROP5g might be related to reduced membrane injury and the increased cytosolic K+/Na+ ratio and Ca2+ concentration in the transgenic plants as compared to wild-type. The increased expression of salt overly sensitive (SOS)-pathway genes and calcium-signaling pathway genes in MaROP5g-overexpressing A. thaliana reflected the enhanced tolerance to salt stress by the transgenic lines in comparison to wild-type. Collectively, our results suggested that abiotic stress tolerance in banana plants might be regulated by multiple MaROPs, and that MaROP5g might enhance salt tolerance by increasing root length, improving membrane injury and ion distribution.

scholarly journals Transgenic Maize Plants by Tissue Electroporation

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen D'Halluin ◽  
Els Bonne ◽  
Martine Bossut ◽  
Marc De Beuckeleer ◽  
Jan Leemans
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Tissue Electroporation ◽  
Maize Plants
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