TECHNOLOGICAL INJURIES IN INDUSTRIAL PIG FARMING

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
A.A. Stekolnikov ◽  
◽  
M.A. Ladanova ◽  

Industrial injuries in pig farms of closed type are a very common pathology. Howev-er, nowadays, injury prevention and treat-ment of sick animals in the conditions of industrial pig breeding complex do not bring good results and require improvements. Ac-cording to the literature, there is no infor-mation about the results of the use of oint-ments and immuno- stimulators in the treat-ment of pigs with bitten wounds of the ears, tails and other parts of the body. In this re-gard, we have set a goal to develop therapeu-tic measures for injuries of piglets in a pig breeding complex of a closed type. We ana-lyzed the prevalence of industrial injuries in pigs. During the clinical examination, we studied the specific structures of injuries. The main cause of pigs injuries in industrial farming is cannibalism. In 28 days, 60% of pigs in the second experimental group, showed complete cicatrization of the wound, and 40% of animals showed this process regenerated on 85-95%, meanwhile 2 days they also had complete scarring of the wound. In 28 days, 50% of pigs of the third experimental group had a complete cicatriza-tion of the wound, and for 50% were ob-served scarring of the wound by 75-85%, and only after 4 days they demonstrated the complete scaring of the defect. For the treatment of bitten wounds as a result of developing cannibalism, it is recommended, to use local treatment of wounds with chlor-hexidine solution and argosulfan ointment daily 2 times a day and also to use the im-munostimulator “Ferrovir” in a dose of 1.0 ml/m2 per week. Such scheme of treatment of bitten wounds gives the best therapeutic effect.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Vladimir Nikulin ◽  
Aleksandra Mustafina

The aim of the study is to increase the productive qualities of broiler chickens by including ultrafine silicon oxide into main diet. During the experiment, the biological effect of ultrafine silicon oxide on broiler chickens was estab-lished. Use of ultrafine SiO2 particles for poultry feeding contributed to an increase in the number of red blood cells and content of total protein and albumins. By the end of the experiment, the number of red blood cells in birds in-creased by 17.43% (P≤0.001) – in the blood of birds of the first experimental group, 16.51% (P≤0.01) – the second one, 20.80% (P≤0.001) – the third experimental and 21.71% (P≤0.001) – the fourth experimental group, compared with the indicator of the control group. The amount of total protein in blood serum of chickens of the first and the second experimental groups increased by 1.36-1.39 %, in the third and fourth ones there was a significant (P≤0.05) increase by 5.45 and 3.05%, respectively. The blood glucose content of chickens in the experimental groups is higher by 8.04-23.65% compared to this indicator with ones in the control group. During the experiment feed con-sumption per 1 kg gain of live weight decreased: in the first experimental group by 3.00 % in the second by – 0.50 %, the third – 6.00 % the fourth– by 4.50 %, compared to this with the control group. The chicken’s vibrancy of the first the experimental group was higher by 4.77 %, the second – by 6.20 %, the third – by 19.25 % and the fourth– by 11.59% than in the control one. Consequently, when converting the feed energy into the body energy of a broiler chicken, the energy conversion coefficient of the experimental group of poultry is higher than that of the control one by 7.16-21.76 %. Thus, the most optimal dose for further research was determined.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
Dmitry Valerievich Arkhipov ◽  
Alexander Alekseevich Andreev ◽  
Dmitry Andreevich Atyakshin ◽  
Anton Petrovich Ostroushko

Background. The number of patients with soft tissue wounds does not tend to decrease, which is largely due to the growth of patients with injuries, ulcerative defects, skin tumors, comorbid pathology, including diabetes mellitus, antibiotic-resistant strains and other causes. New methods of local treatment of wounds based on the application of the latest achievements of science are constantly being introduced into the work of surgical departments. High efficiency is demonstrated by the use of sorbents and oxygen, which enhance the reparative processes in wounds.The aim of the study was to study in experimental conditions the effectiveness of the method of surgical treatment of soft tissue wounds, based on the use of jet oxygen sorption treatment (SCS).Materials and methods. The study was performed on 150 white Wistar rats in 5 groups of animals. In the 1st control group treatment was not carried out. In the 2nd and 3rd control groups, the wound surface was treated with a jet of air and oxygen, respectively; in the 4th control group, sorbent was applied to the wound surface. In the 1st experimental group conducted scso wound surface. The study of the effectiveness of SCS was carried out using objective, planimetric, histological and histochemical research methods. Results. The use of sorbent (4th control group) and the method of jet oxygen sorption treatment (1st main group) led to the most pronounced positive changes-acceleration of relief of the studied symptoms by 1.1-1.3 times and 1.2 1.5 times, respectively, compared with the data obtained in the 1st control group. Treatment of wounds with oxygen jet (3rd control group) had practically no advantages in comparison with treatment with air jet (2nd control group).Conclusion. Indirectly, the highest activity of reparative processes during the observation period in the 4th control and 1st main groups was confirmed by the average optical density of RNA and SH-groups, and their desire to normalize to 10 days could indicate the completion of processes of stratification in the wound area. In total, the average area of wounds was minimal in the 1st experimental group, where this figure was by the 3rd and 10th days-74.0% and 99.5% compared to the baseline data.


Author(s):  
O. V. Yaremko ◽  
R. A. Peleno

The effect of pyridoxine hydrochloride on the body mass of animals, absolute and average daily increment, relative growth rate, growth factor of live weight and multiplicity of increase in live weight of calves in the early stages of postnatal ontogenesis were studied. For the experiment, six groups of one-day calves (control and five experimental) were formed, with 5 animals in each, which, in addition to the main diet (MD), fed pyridoxine hydrochloride in different doses, according to the scheme: control group – MD, I experimental group – MD + 1 mg/kg g. m pyridoxine hydrochloride, II – MD + 2 mg/kg g. m of the preparation, ІІІ – MD + 3 mg/kg of w. m., IV – MD + 4 mg/kg g. m and V experimental group – MD + 5 mg/kg g. m pyridoxine hydrochloride. Conditionally, the research was divided into four periods: colostrum – from birth and up to 5 days, until the formation of digestion – from 5 to 21 days, the period of the formation of digestion scar – from 21 to 60 days and the end of the milk period – from 60 to 90 days. It was established that feeding to calves with pyridoxine hydrochloride resulted in an increase in the live weight of 60 days of calves by 5.9% in the second group (P < 0.05), by 8.7% in the third group, by 8.3% in IV and 9.2% in V groups (P < 0.001) and for 90 days it was higher by 9.3%, 9.1%, 9.2% and 9.1% respectively (P < 0.05). The highest average daily increments were in the colostrum period in calves IV and V groups, which were added to the main diet, respectively, 4 and 5 mg/kg b.w. pyridoxine hydrochloride, in the period prior to the formation of digestion scar in calves of group IV, in the period of the formation of digestion scar in calves of the III group and at the end of the milking period in calves of group V. Absolute incresements of calves in the colostrum period and the period prior to the formation of digestion scar were the highest in calves of Group IV and the difference in control was respectively 0.34 and 1.05 kg. During the period of the digestion scar formation and the end of the milk period, the highest absolute increases were in calves of group V, which was added to the main ration of 5 mg/kg b.w. pyridoxine hydrochloride. The highest increase in body weight of calves in colostric period and prior to the operation scar rate was in group IV, the period of digestion scar formation was in the third group and during the completion period of milk in the second group of calves. In colostric period the increase of live weight was higher in calves III, IV and V groups of 5 to 21 days in calves of group IV, from 21 to 60 days in the third group and during the completion period of milk in the second group of calves.


Author(s):  
P. О. Zaika ◽  
◽  
O. V. Kantemir ◽  

Dogs play a significant role in human life. It is difficult to list all the various aspects of their application. But along with the positive qualities of using dogs is the problem of regulating the numbers of stray animals. Among the agents that stimulate the processes of repair and regeneration, increase the basic physiological mechanisms of protection of the body are humic preparations such as sodium humate. Taking into account that preparations of natural origin have a special influence on the inflammatory process, it is necessary to find and study the possibilities of using biological preparations of humic acids. Six animals were selected for the detection of the effect of sodium humate on dogs by analogues. Castration was carried out in an open manner according to conventional methods After surgery, the animals were subcutaneously injected with a 0.1% solution of sodium humate at a dose of 0.1 ml per 1 kg of body weight, and the control saline solution once a day for 14 days. Examination of wounds and thermometry was performed twice daily for 16 days. Castration wounds were treated with antibacterial aerosol once daily. No additional medication was used. In the post-castration period, all operated dogs did not observe any bleeding, loss of the common vaginal sheath, intestine, cult of the seminal cord, or other complications. Since the third day in the general condition of the animals of the experimental group significant changes were observed, which were expressed in the attenuation of the signs of inflammation, which was manifested in the reduction of hyperemia of the wound edges and their edema. The tenderness of the scrotal tissue was noted, and the scrotal skin became folded. In control animals the development of the inflammatory process was more pronounced and occurred 2 to 3 days later than in the experimental animals. On the third day after surgery, the control animals showed clinical signs characteristic of acute inflammation: hyperemia, sharp pain and swelling of the scrotal tissues, elevated local temperature. In two animals of the control group swelling was spread beyond the scrotum - a slight swelling of the prepuce was noted. These signs were manifested against the background of general depression and decreased appetite. Recovery occurred on day 12 in the experimental group and on day 16 in the control one.


Author(s):  
V. Mykytyuk ◽  
T. Vasilenko ◽  
O. Orischuk ◽  
S. Tsap ◽  
I. Porotikova

The results of studies on the effect of various doses of cobalt with an optimized level of sulfur in rations of Askanian meat-and-wool ewes on digestibility of nutrients of consumed feed and digestibility of the studied mineral elements are presented. It was established that the level of nutrient digestibility of rations was higher in ewes of the experimental groups, which, to the generally accepted norm, were additionally injected with cobalt chloride in the amount of 10 %, which was equal 0.825 mg, 20 % – 0.900 mg, and 30 % – 0.975 mg per head per day . As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the ewes of the second experimental group differed in the highest indices of digestibility of nutrients of the ration, which increased the rate of cobalt by 10 %. The additional introduction of 20 % and 30 % cobalt to the basic ration did not contribute to a further increase in the digestibility factors of nutrients in the body of ewes of the experimental groups. The research has shown that the uptake of cobalt by experimental ewes increased as this element increased in the rations. Thus, 0.31 mg of cobalt was assimilated by the ewes of the second experimental group, which is 0.06 mg or 20.0 % higher compared to the control group; to the third-group of ewes by 0.07 mg or 28.0 % and to the fourth-group ewes by 0,08 mg or 32.0 % compared with analogues of the control group. However, when calculating these indicators in relative terms, it was established that the highest percentage of cobalt absorbed from that received was in the ewes of the second experimental group. Their advantage relative to the control group was 4.60 % (P <0.01), and III and IV experimental groups – 2.11 and 0.19 absolute percent.


1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.N. Stradling ◽  
S.A. Gray ◽  
M.J. Pearce ◽  
I. Wilson ◽  
J.C. Moody ◽  
...  

1 With DTPA as a comparison, the siderophore analogue 3,4,3-LIHOPO has been examined for its ability to remove 228Th nitrate from the rat after subcutaneous (sc) and intramuscular (im) injection to simulate wound contamination. The commencement of treat ment was delayed 30 min, 6 h or 1 d and the animals killed at 7 d. 2 In all cases 3,4,3-LIHOPO was appreciably more effec tive than DTPA although the efficacy of treatment and the relative effectiveness of the ligands decreased rapidly with their delay in administration. 3 Optimum removal with both ligands occurred when initial local administration at 30 min after exposure was followed by repeated intraperitoneal injection at 6 h, 1, 2 and 3 d. Under these conditions the body con tent of 228Th was reduced to 20% of controls after sc injection and 15% after im injection. The correspond ing values using repeated DTPA administration were 80% and 54%. 4 It is concluded that 3,4,3-LIHOPO represents, poten tially, a considerable advance on DTPA, the current agent of choice for the treatment of wounds contami nated by 228Th.


2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Horea Samanc ◽  
Danijela Kirovski ◽  
Milijan Jovanovic ◽  
Ivan Vujanac ◽  
Radisa Prodanovic ◽  
...  

The objective of these investigations was to examine possibilities for preventing fatty liver in cows during the peripartal period using the preparation HEPARENOL which includes methionine, lysine and choline in its composition. Investigations were performed on cattle of the Holstein breed whose average production during their last lactation was 8120 liters. The cows included in the experiment were divided into three groups of 10 cows each. Cows of the first group were administered the preparation HEPARENOL perorally 5-7 days before partus in daily doses of 50 ml per animal, and then daily during the first seven days after parturition in daily doses of 100 ml per animal. The second group of cows were administered the preparation in the same way as the first group, but they also received vitamin C injected deep i.m. in doses of 1000 mg per animal per day. The third group of cows were not exposed to any treatment and served as the control group. The body condition of the cows was marked according to the system Elanco Animal Health Bulletin Al 8478. Blood samples were taken by puncture of the jugular vein before the beginning of treatment, and on the third and 12th days after partus. The glucose concentration was determined in the blood samples. On the 12th day after partus, liver tissue samples were taken by biopsy for pathohistological examinations. Since the cows were fed in the same way and were in the same phase of the production-reproduction cycle, the average score of the body condition before treatment was approximately the same. However, on the 3rd day after partus, cows of the second experimental group showed average values that were significantly lower in comparison with the other two groups of cows. It is very interesting that a significantly lower value of glycemia (x=1.93?0.34 mmol/l) was established in the same group of cows at this time. In cows of the first experimental and the control group, glycemia was approximately the same during the examined period. In cows of the second experimental group on the 12th day after partus the glucose concentration significantly increased (x=2.42?0.58 mmol/l) against the values obtained for the 3rd day, but it was still significantly lower in comparison with the glycemia of cows of the first experimental (x=3.34?0.61 mmol/l) and the control group (x=3.48?0.49 mmol/l). Practically, throughout the entire period glycemia was statistically significantly lower in the second experimental group in comparison with the other two groups of cows. The degree of fatty liver on the 12th day postpartally, or five days after the end of treatment, was the lowest in cows of the second experimental group. In order to stress the differences, it is pointed out that there were two cows without fatty liver in the second group, while there were no such cows in the first experimental or in the control group. This group contained the smallest number of cows with a mean degree of fatty liver (n=2), while two cows had very strong fatty liver. There were no differences between the control and the first experimental group in the number of cows with a mean degree of fatty liver, with the exception that the control group had two and the first experimental group one cow with a mild degree of fatty liver. It seems that treatment using the preparation HEPARENOL, or methionine, lysine and choline, before and after parturition did not have a significant effect on the incidence and degree of fatty liver. Only cows with additional and simultaneous treatment with vitamin C had a lower incidence and degree of morphological changes in the liver, in addition to the sigfnificant changes in body condition and the blood glucose concentration.


Author(s):  
I. Cheverda ◽  
M. Zakharenko

The article reflects the results of a study of the morphological composition of blood, indicators of metabolism and the content of hormones in the blood plasma of gonadectomized cockerels of the Adler silvery breed. In the experiment, 40 males were used at the age of 6 weeks, of which two groups were formed, a control and an experimental, 20 heads each. It was found that during the preparatory (leveling) period, the clinical state, morphological composition of blood and metabolic parameters in the experimental group of males did not differ from each other and were within the limits of their physiological values. There were also no differences in blood glucose concentration, protein content, triglycerol, cholesterol, uric acid, as well as the activity of alkaline phosphatase, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase in the blood plasma of cockerels in the experimental and control groups during the preparatory period. Gonadectomy of males by surgical intervention at the age of six weeks did not significantly affect the morphology of their blood on the third day, with the exception of ESR, the value of which in birds of the experimental group was 1.9 times higher than in the control. In gonadectomized males, the number of platelets in the blood decreased by 30.7% compared to the control, which indicates a decrease in platelet activity and is probably associated with their participation in blood coagulation processes in the body after gonadectomy. Other indicators of the morphological composition of blood, namely, the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils in gonadectomized males did not change compared with the control. It was found that the concentration of glucose in the blood, as well as total protein and uric acid in the blood plasma of males who underwent gonadectomy on the third day of the research period were at the level of the values of the control group birds and corresponded to the physiological values of these parameters in clinically healthy birds. On the 125th day of the main period in gonadectomized males, the level of glucose and protein, as well as indicators of lipid metabolism, namely, the concentration of triglycerol and cholesterol in the blood plasma did not change, while the content of uric acid increased by 23.7% compared with the control. It was found that the content of cortisol in the blood plasma of gonadectomized males was 3.2 times lower, and testosterone 10.2 times lower than in the control. So, gonadectomy of cockerels does not affect the morphological composition of the blood, indicators of the metabolic status of the bird, but it helps to reduce the content of cortisol and testosterone in the blood plasma. Key words: roosters, gonadectomy, blood morphology, metabolic parameters, enzyme activity, cortisol, testosterone.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Grigoryan ◽  
A. I. Bezhin ◽  
B. S. Sukovatykh ◽  
Yu. Yu. Blinkov

Purpose of the study. To conduct a clinical trial of the local treatment efficacy of skin and soft tissue inflammatory processes combination with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, immobilized miramistin and metronidazole.Patients and methods. The study involved patients with purulent-inflammatory skin processes, divided into two groups – control and experimental – 30 in each. The most common nosological form were abscesses of various localization. In the control group, local treatment was carried out with dioxomethyltetrahydropyrimidine ointment with chloramphenicol, and in the experimental group – with a combination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose with miramistin and metronidazole. We studied the local temperature, wound pH, wound planimetry, the appearance of wounds, the species composition of infectious agents in the discharge from the wound, a general blood test (with the determination of leukocyte indices), blood biochemical parameters, and the number of bed-days in the hospital. The data obtained were processed statistically.Results. The percentage of reduction in the area and volume of wounds in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control. The maximum rate of wound healing in the experimental group was noted on days 1-3 and amounted to 9.7 (6.3; 15.5) % / day, and in the control group – 5.6 (2.9; 7.7). Starting from the 5th day of treatment, the local temperature indices in the experimental group were significantly lower than in the control group, and the pH values of the wounds in the experimental group tended to neutral values from the 5th day of treatment, and in the control group there was an increase in pH. Most often, S. epidermidis and S. aureus were inoculated from the wound discharge (in total, more than 50 % of observations); in the control group, pathogenic microorganisms were inoculated 1.6 times more often than in the experimental group.Conclusion. Patients in the experimental group were hospitalized for 2.5 days less than patients in the control group. It is possible to recommend further study and application of the combination of miramistin and metronidazole immobilized on the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose in the treatment of wounds.


Author(s):  
I. F. Gorlov ◽  
М. I. Slozhenkina ◽  
D. V. Nikolaev ◽  
N. I. Mosolova ◽  
А. А. Kaydulina ◽  
...  

The article presents results of a study of the quality indicators of cross-bred steers raised in the conditions of modern fattening technologies. For the experiment, four groups of experimental young animals were selected: the first group included animals obtained from crossing Kalmyk bulls with crossbred cows from crossing Salers breeds with Simmental; the second group-bulls obtained from crossing Kalmyk bulls with crossbred cows, from crossing Salers bulls with black-and-white cows; the third – animals obtained as a result of crossing Hereford bulls with crossbred cows obtained from Salers bulls with Simmental cows; the fourth-bulls obtained as a result of crossing Hereford bulls with crossbred cows from crossing Salers bulls with Red pied cows. Each experimental group had 30 goals. It was found that the combination of the origin of crossbred animals of ½ blood of the Hereford breed with crossbred animals with ½ blood of the Salers and Simmental breeds contributes to a faster accumulation of live weight compared to their peers, which confirms their high "precocity" and better metabolism in the body. Over the entire period of the experiment, the bulls of the third experimental group outperformed their peers of other groups in terms of live weight dynamics, slaughter indicators and meat quality. Crossbreeding of Hereford bulls with cows with the genotype ½ Salers with Simmental breed contributed to the highest manifestation of the genetic potential of meat productivity in comparison with the studied peers.


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