scholarly journals Social Identity and Use of Taboo Words in Angry Mood: A Gender Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hashamdar ◽  
Fahimeh Rafi
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Gender Study ◽  
Taboo Words ◽  
University Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between social identity and the taboo words men and women use in order to express their anger. Moreover, this study went further and investigated the relationship between using taboo words in male and female participants who had a university degree and those who did not. In order to do the research, 20 female and 20 male adults, whose professions were similar in pairs, were randomly selected. The researcher recorded their voices when they were in an angry mood. After recording data, the researcher made a transcription of the first fifty words uttered by each participant. Then, the taboo words- words which were considered offensive or shocking and that were discouraged in public places - were calculated. Finally, the percentage of taboo words used by each participant was calculated and compared to that of the others. The findings of the study confirmed that the percentage of using taboo language by male characters, in different social identities, was much more than that of female characters. On the other hand, by dividing the participants into two groups of those who had a university degree, and those with no university degree, the researcher came to the conclusion that both male and female participants with a university degree used less taboo words than those without a university degree.

“Trust no one”: Narrative Complexity and Character Opacity in Damages

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
Michael Butter
Keyword(s):  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Withholding Information

Abstract This article analyzes the first season of Damages (2007) as an early example of the representation of ‘difficult’ women on television. More specifically, I investigate the relationship between the show’s character conception and its complex narration. I argue that all the major male and female characters on the show are ‘difficult’ in the sense that the audience experiences close alignment but troubled allegiance to them. However, the two female protagonists – top-notch lawyer Patty Hewes and her young and initially idealistic associate Ellen Parsons – are also opaque characters about whose thoughts and plans the audience is largely left in the dark. This opacity is mirrored and enhanced by the narration, which constantly teases the audience by withholding information about the plot, suggests inferences that then turn out to be wrong, and generally provides far more insight into the male characters than into the female characters.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE CHARACTERS IN THE NOVEL ‘THE RAINBOW'

AKTUELNOSTI ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Đurović
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
The Relationship

The Rainbow, 1915 is a saga about the three generations of Brangwen family. Each generation on its own way explore their moral and physical relationships shown through specific ways of acting on each other and maturing of female and male characters fitted in specific social frames.

scholarly journals Gender and Social Status Differences in Using Taboo Words in Fast and Furious 1 & Fast and Furious 7

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahayu Nurazizah
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Taboo Word ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Taboo Words ◽  
Status Differences

<p>This article examined the types of taboo words employed by the male and female characters in <em>Fast and Furious 1 </em>&amp; <em>Fast and Furious 7</em>, and explained how social class can affect the use of taboo words. This article employed descriptive qualitative with <em>Fast and Furious 1 </em>&amp; <em>Fast and Furious 7</em> as the sources of the data. All of the utterances containing taboo words employed by the characters were used as the data of this article, with 102 data totals in 72 dialogues. This study applied purposive sampling technique. This article found out that (1) there were four types of taboo words used by the characters: epithets, profanity, vulgarity, and obscenity –as the dominant taboo word used–; (2) both male and female characters used taboo words even though the male characters used more often than female characters; and (3) there were only two social classes using taboo words in conversations: middle class and working class, in which middle class members uttered taboo words more frequently.</p>

scholarly journals Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use among Norwegian Cancer Survivors: Gender-Specific Prevalence and Associations for Use

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnete E. Kristoffersen ◽  
Arne J. Norheim ◽  
Vinjar M. Fønnebø
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Survivors ◽  
Cam Use ◽  
University Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The associations for CAM use are only occasionally differentiated by gender in populations where both male and female cancer survivors occur. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of CAM use in individuals with a previous cancer diagnosis and to investigate gender differences regard to factors associated with use. A total of 12982 men and women filled in a questionnaire with questions about life style and health issues. Eight hundred of those had a previous cancer diagnosis of whom 630 answered three questions concerning CAM use in the last 12 months. A total of 33.8% of all cancer survivors reported CAM use, 39.4% of the women and 27.9% of the men (). The relationship between the demographic variables and being a CAM user differed significantly between men and women with regard to age (), education (), and income (). Female CAM users were more likely to have a university degree than the nonusers, while male CAM users were more likely to have a lower income than the nonusers. According to this study, prevalence and factors associated with CAM use differ significantly between male and female survivors of cancer.

Ethnic Identity, Procedural Justice, and Offending: Does Procedural Justice Work the Same for Everyone?

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1314-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle McLean
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Potential Interaction ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Relationship

Identity judgments are central to the theoretical arguments of procedural justice theory. Perceptions of procedural injustice have been argued to compromise an individual’s social identity and contribute to disengagement from group values and norms. Thus, it is important to clarify the relationship between perceptions of procedural justice and specific facets of social identities, such as ethnic identity. This study attempts to evaluate the relationship between these concepts by examining the potential interaction effect between procedural justice and ethnic identity on two measures of offending, self-report and number of arrests, in a longitudinal study of serious juvenile delinquents.

Social Identity, Stigma, and Health

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanda Jetten ◽  
S. Alexander Haslam ◽  
Tegan Cruwys ◽  
Nyla R. Branscombe
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
Positive Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Group Memberships ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter argues that an understanding of social identity processes is critical to understand when and how stigma affects health. This chapter presents a social identity analysis of the relationship between stigma and health and starts from the premise that it is particularly difficult for individuals who belong to stigmatized groups to derive a positive identity from their social group memberships. However, when individuals turn to the stigmatized group, identify with it, and draw social support from others within it, their health will be buffered against some of the negative consequences of discrimination because group memberships—and the social identities that are derived from them—act as psychological resources. Perceptions of the broader sociostructural context that affect appraisals of discrimination and coping with stigma play an important role in determining whether the curing properties of group memberships are unlocked, turning the curse of belonging to a stigmatized group into a cure.

scholarly journals Trends in Gender Portrayal in the Avengers Series: A Conventional Content Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley Morales ◽  
Daniel Olivo
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Conventional Content Analysis ◽  
Over Time

The Bechdel test, used to examine the frequency and portrayal of women in film, consists of three criteria – (1) a movie must represent two or more women, (2) who have names and speak to each other, (3) about anything other than a man. In order to answer the research question “Based on the Bechdel test, how does the Avengers series portray their female characters compared to their male characters?”, this paper utilizes and extends beyond the Bechdel test by performing a conventional content analysis of same-gender conversations in four top-grossing superhero films – Marvel’s The Avengers (2012), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019). By combining the simplicity of the Bechdel test with a qualitative approach to code dialogue, this paper illustrates the underrepresentation of female characters and specific differences between the portrayal of men and women in modern Marvel films. While the films improved in the amount of female characters and female-to-female conversations over time, there is still a small amount of female-to-female conversations in these films compared to male-to-male conversations. Furthermore, while male characters rarely spoke to each other about women, female characters spoke to each other about men very often. Some common elements of dialogue for both male and female characters were worries about danger, discussions of violence, and insulting others. Implications regarding this portrayal’s impact on female viewers are discussed.

La bohème in context

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-34
Author(s):  
Alexandra Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
La Boheme ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter provides a brief overview of the genesis of La bohème, discussing Puccini’s relationship with his librettists and publisher, and where the work sat in his career. It considers the place of the opera within the nineteenth-century Italian operatic tradition (including its relationship to the verismo movement), as well as the extent to which Puccini was influenced by foreign composers. It identifies the opera’s key stylistic hallmarks and explains the relationship between music, characterisation, and dramatic pacing. The chapter then examines how Puccini treats the opera’s core dramatic themes of love, friendship, death, and nostalgia, as well as considering his representation of male and female characters.

Ratio of Male and Female Characters in a Dream Series

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Sarah Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Situational Factors ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Gender Ratio ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Dream Characters

The present study investigated the change in gender ratio of dream characters in relation to the dreamer's environment in waking-life and found a preponderance of male characters in the subject's dream while living in a ‘male’ environment which was not present while living in a ‘female’ environment. The results support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming and stress the importance of situational factors rather than personality factors in the explanation of the gender ratio of dream characters.

scholarly journals Conversational Style of Male and Female Characters in Game of Thrones Season 8

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-586
Author(s):  
Tati Khumairoh ◽  
Mirjam Anugerahwati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Characters ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Conversational Style ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
Game Of Thrones

Abstract: This study aims to find out what are conversational features used by male and female characters in Game of Thrones season 8, how it is represented in their conversation, and how power and social status affect characters' linguistic behavior. This study used a descriptive qualitative research design. The data of this study are twenty-two conversations taken from episode 1 up to episode 6 of season 8. There are four conversational style features discussed in this study: (1) talkativeness, (2) interruption, (3) compliments, and (4) minimal responses. The results show that all four features are found in the conversations, but they are manipulated differently by male and female characters. Also, the use of gender conversational style features in this case seems universal. Female characters are more talkative which confirms the theory of women’s language. Male characters also use female conversational style more frequently in terms of minimal responses and compliments. However, power plays an important role in this case since it enables characters to be more dominant which reflects that gender is not the only factor to control the conversation. Keywords: compliments, conversational style, interruptions, minimal response, talkativeness Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gaya percakapan yang digunakan oleh pemeran pria dan wanita dalam serial berjudul Game of Thrones Season 8, bagaimana gaya tersebut direpresentasikan dalam percakapannya, dan bagaimana kekuasaan dan status sosial mempengaruhi perilaku linguistik karakter. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah dua puluh dua percakapan yang diambil dari episode 1 hingga episode 6 di season 8. Ada empat fitur gaya percakapan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini: (1) tingkat keaktifan berbicara, (2) interupsi, (3) pujian, dan (4) tanggapan minimal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat fitur ditemukan dalam series ini, namun dipraktekkan secara berbeda oleh karakter pria dan wanita. Selain itu, penggunaan fitur gaya percakapan gender dalam hal ini terkesan universal. Karakter perempuan lebih banyak bicara yang mana mendukung teori gaya bahasa wanita. Karakter pria juga lebih sering menggunakan gaya percakapan wanita dalam hal memberikan tanggapan minimal dan pujian. Namun, kekuasaan memainkan peran penting dalam hal ini karena memungkinkan karakter lebih dominan dan menjelaskan bahwa gender bukan satu-satunya faktor yang mengendalikan percakapan. Kata kunci: gaya percakapan, interupsi, respon minimal, pujian

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