scholarly journals Facet fixation: an alternative to minimally-invasive posterior lumbar stabilization?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
D. S. Epifanov ◽  
V. B. Lebedev ◽  
S. K. Oshchepkov ◽  
А. А. Zuev
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Lumbar Stabilization ◽  
Small Patient ◽  
Meta Analyses

The study objective is to analyze literature and evaluate based on the obtained data the effectiveness of decompression of neural structures using different methods of facet fixation.Materials and methods. A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The following inclusion criteria were used: full-text article in English, patient age above 19 years, presence of evaluation of the results of facet fixation, degenerative disease of the lumbar spine in patients.Results. First search in the PubMed database returned 198 results. Among them, 38 articles complied with the inclusion criteria, and 33 articles didn’t contain full data on patient outcomes in the context of the studied stabilization methods. The selected 5 articles contained data on treatment results, rates of fixation and complications. Many authors note good clinical effect and decreased rate of intra- and postoperative complications for facet fixation compared to transpedicular fixation.Study limitations. Absence of systematic reviews and availability of only 1 article for each method of facet fixation. Small patient samples and short follow-up.Conclusion. Decompression and facet fixation in a single spinal motion segment in combination with posterior lumbar, transforaminal and lateral lumbar interbody fixation including use of minimally invasive technologies and other methods in many cases allows to achieve good clinical effect and firm stabilization.

scholarly journals Consequences of the COVID-19 Syndemic for Nutritional Health: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1168
Author(s):  
Cristian Neira ◽  
Rejane Godinho ◽  
Fabio Rincón ◽  
Rodrigo Mardones ◽  
Janari Pedroso
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Eating Style ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Confinement at home, quarantine, and social distancing are some measures adopted worldwide to prevent the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), which has been generating an important alteration in the routines and qualities of life of people. The impact on health is still being evaluated, and consequences in the nutritional field are not entirely clear. The study objective was to evaluate the current evidence about the impact that preventive measures of physical contact restriction causes in healthy nutrition. A systematic review was carried out according to the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses” PRISMA Group and Cochrane method for rapid systematic reviews. Searching was performed in six electronic databases and evaluated articles published between 2010 and 2020, including among their participants adult subjects who had been exposed to the preventive measures of physical contact restriction. Seven studies met the selection criteria and reported an overall increase in food consumption, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and a change in eating style. Findings suggest that healthy nutrition is affected by preventive measures to restrict physical contact as a result of the COVID-19 syndemic.

How Can Social Mentality Theory Help Us Understand Eating Disorder Presentations? A Scoping Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Mullen ◽  
Gary O'Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
Caregiver Experiences ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractThis scoping review used social mentality theory (SMT) as a framework to identify and integrate relevant eating disorder systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A systematic search of the PsycINFO database was conducted, using terms from SMT and eating disorder literature. Eighteen systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. Findings suggest that those with eating disorders also experience a number of relationship difficulties, in childhood and/or adulthood, related to attachment style, caregiver experiences, family functioning, social rank, social cognition, and self-compassion. The identification of these social difficulties is established in the eating disorder literature. SMT can provide a theoretical framework to understand how evolved motives to relate to others may contribute to these difficulties.

scholarly journals Effectivity of Psychotherapy Interventions for Anxiety in Medical Students: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (F) ◽  
pp. 453-463
Author(s):  
Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi ◽  
Carla Raymondalexas Marchira ◽  
Widyandana Widyandana ◽  
Ronny Tri Wirasto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Suicidal Ideas ◽  
Psychotherapy Interventions

BACKGROUND: The mental health of medical students has long been a topic of concern in many countries. Much research in Europe reported that around 30% of medical students suffered from anxiety. Anxiety disorders have significant physical and emotional consequences. Various studies show that excessive, unmanaged stress related to poor academic performance in medical students leads to cynical personalities, lack of empathy, and suicidal ideas. AIM: This study aimed to identify studies for psychotherapy interventions carried out in medical students and analyze each impact on anxiety level in medical students. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted with evidence sourced from 2000 to 2020. The review process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The study was registered with the Prospective Registering of Systematic Reviews database (Protocol ID: CRD42020180650). RESULTS: Twenty-three studies meet the inclusion criteria, and there are various psychotherapy interventions to deal with anxiety. Most studies reported that students who received mindfulness-based interventions reported lower anxiety, depression, and stress. CONCLUSION: There are various interventions carried out to decrease stress levels, depression, and anxiety in medical students. The most effective psychotherapy was found in cognitive and behavior intervention and mindfulness intervention.

Use of Augmented Reality in Reconstructive Microsurgery: A Systematic Review and Development of the Augmented Reality Microsurgery Score

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 261-270
Author(s):  
Yasser Al Omran ◽  
Ali Abdall-Razak ◽  
Catrin Sohrabi ◽  
Tiffanie-Marie Borg ◽  
Hayat Nadama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Real World ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Reconstructive Microsurgery ◽  
User Access ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Augmented reality (AR) uses a set of technologies that overlays digital information into the real world, giving the user access to both digital and real-world environments in congruity. AR may be specifically fruitful in reconstructive microsurgery due to the dynamic nature of surgeries performed and the small structures encountered in these operations. The aim of this study was to conduct a high-quality preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and assessment of multiple systematic reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2) compliant systematic review evaluating the use of AR in reconstructive microsurgery. Methods A systematic literature search of Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases was performed using appropriate search terms to identify all applications of AR in reconstructive microsurgery from inception to December 2018. Articles that did not meet the objectives of the study were excluded. A qualitative synthesis was performed of those articles that met the inclusion criteria. Results A total of 686 articles were identified from title and abstract review. Five studies met the inclusion criteria. Three of the studies used head-mounted displays, one study used a display monitor, and one study demonstrated AR using spatial navigation technology. The augmented reality microsurgery score was developed and applied to each of the AR technologies and scores ranged from 8 to 12. Conclusion Although higher quality studies reviewing the use of AR in reconstructive microsurgery is needed, the feasibility of AR in reconstructive microsurgery has been demonstrated across different subspecialties of plastic surgery. AR applications, that are reproducible, user-friendly, and have clear benefit to the surgeon and patient, have the greatest potential utility. Further research is required to validate its use and overcome the barriers to its implementation.

scholarly journals Abordagem aos Doentes com Intolerância às Estatinas: Revisão Baseada na Evidência

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Tendais Almeida ◽  
Ana Luísa Esteves ◽  
Filipa Martins ◽  
Isabel Palma
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Meta Analyses

Introduction: Statins are among the most effective drugs in lowering cholesterol levels and, consequently, in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Although generally well tolerated, they have adverse effects that may reduce patient adherence to therapy. The objective of this evidence-based review is to summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of alternative management strategies in patients with intolerance to statins.Material and Methods: A literature search including clinical practice guidelines, systematic reviews and meta-analyses was conducted, in January 2017, in major international databases, and considered articles published in the last 10 years. The search was complemented with research papers published over the past three years and found in the PubMed database. The level of evidence and strength of recommendation were determined using the scale Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy - SORT.Results: We included eight guidelines, six systematic reviews and one research paper.Discussion: The strategies proposed by the different studies vary according to the severity of symptoms of intolerance including maintenance of the statin therapy (dose reduction, addition of a statin of equal or lower intensity or alternate days’ uptake) and lipid-lowering therapy with other drugs (ezetimibe monotherapy or association with statin tolerated dose). Supplementation with coenzyme Q10 or vitamin D, in order to improve adherence to treatment with statins, is not recommended.Conclusion: This review highlights some alternatives to address patients’ intolerance to statins; however, these are mostly based on recommendations with low to moderate evidence. Therefore, further research with randomized studies involving greater number of patients is required, in order to obtain a more robust recommendation.

The clinical outcome of the Metha short hip stem: a systematic scoping review

2020 ◽  
pp. 112070002090371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael-Alexander Malahias ◽  
Purnachandra Tejaswi ◽  
Dimitrios Chytas ◽  
Vikram Kadu ◽  
Dimitrios Karanikas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Hip Resurfacing ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Range

Introduction: Short femoral stems were designed to bridge the gap between conventional straight design stems and hip resurfacing prostheses in total hip arthroplasty (THA). A number of clinical trials have been recently conducted to assess the clinical and safety profile of the cementless, colarless, tapered Metha short hip stem in young or active middle-aged individuals. Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. 4 reviewers independently conducted the search using the MEDLINE/PubMed database and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. These databases were queried with the terms “short” AND “hip” AND “stem”. Results: From the initial 773 studies we finally chose 12 studies after applying our inclusion-exclusion criteria. The number of operated hips that were included in these studies was 5048 (mean BMI range: 22.7–35.2, mean age range: 44.4–60.4 years, mean follow-up range: 2–9 years). The mean modified Coleman methodology score was 52.3/100, while it ranged from 31/100 to 63/100. All mean clinical outcome scores that were used in the studies illustrated significant postoperative improvement when compared with the respective initial values. The revision rate of the Metha stem for component-related reasons was 2.5%, while the rate of major complications not requiring revision of the Metha stem was 2.8%. Conclusions: The Metha stem performs well in young or active middle-aged THA patients. Further studies are required for the assessment of the long-term results.

scholarly journals Machine learning in occupational safety and health: protocol for a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Sara Maheronnaghsh ◽  
H. Zolfagharnasab ◽  
M. Gorgich ◽  
J. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Intelligent Behavior ◽  
Methodological Practice ◽  
Meta Analyses

Industry 4.0 has shaped the way people look at the world and interact with it, especially concerning the work environment with respect to occupational safety and health (OSH). Machine learning (ML), as a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI), can be effectively used to create expert systems to exhibit intelligent behavior to provide solutions to complicated problems and finally process massive data. Therefore, a study is proposed to provide the best methodological practice in the light of ML. Alongside the review of previous investigations, the following research aims to determine the ML approaches appropriate to OSH issues. In other words, highlighting specific ML methodologies, which have been employed successfully in others areas. Bearing this objective in mind, one can identify an appropriate ML technique to solve a problem in the OSH domain. Accordingly, several questions were designed to conduct the research. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for Protocols and Systematic Reviews were used to draw the research outline. The chosen databases were SCOPUS, PubMed, Science Direct, Inspect, and Web of Science. A set of keywords related to the topic were defined, and both exclusion and inclusion criteria were determined. All of the eligible papers will be analyzed, and the extracted information will be included in an Excel form sheet. The results will be presented in a narrative-based form. Additionally, all tables summarizing the most important findings will be offered.

Spin in Abstracts of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Melanoma Therapies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Nowlin ◽  
Alexis Wirtz ◽  
David Wenger ◽  
Ryan Ottwell ◽  
Courtney Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Meta Analyses

BACKGROUND Spin is defined as the misrepresentation of a study’s results, which may lead to misperceptions or misinterpretation of the findings. Spin has previously been found in randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews of acne vulgaris treatments and treatments of various non-dermatological conditions. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to quantify the presence of spin in abstracts of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of melanoma therapies and identify any related secondary characteristics of these articles. METHODS e used a cross-sectional approach on June 2, 2020, to search the MEDLINE and Embase databases from their inception. To meet inclusion criteria, a study was required to be a systematic review or meta-analysis pertaining to the treatment of melanoma in human subjects, and reported in English. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA) definition of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Data were extracted in a masked, duplicate fashion. We conducted a powered bivariate linear regression and calculated odds ratios for each study characteristic. RESULTS A total of 200 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. We identified spin in 38% of the abstracts. The most common type of spin found was type 3, occurring 40 times; the least common was type 2, which was not present in any included abstracts. We found that abstracts pertaining to pharmacologic interventions were 3.84 times more likely to contain spin than the reference group. The likelihood of an article containing spin has decreased annually (AOR: 0.91; 95% CI, 0.84-0.99). No significant correlation between funding source, other study characteristics, and the presence of spin was identified. CONCLUSIONS We have found that spin is fairly common in the abstracts of systematic reviews of melanoma treatments, but is improving.

Findings and Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews Focusing on Acupuncture for Pregnancy-Related Acute Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Romera Bergamo ◽  
Carolina de Oliveira Cruz Latorraca ◽  
Daniela Vianna Pachito ◽  
Ana Luiza Cabrera Martimbianco ◽  
Rachel Riera
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Acute Conditions ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Introduction Major concerns regarding the use of medication during pregnancy justify the need for safer interventions. Acupuncture is an emerging alternative for several clinical conditions during this period. The objective of this study is to summarise evidence derived from systematic reviews (SRs) focusing on acupuncture for pregnancy-related acute conditions. Methods Review of SRs. A systematic literature search was carried out in several electronic databases, aiming to include all SRs assessing the effects of acupuncture for acute conditions during pregnancy. Methodological quality and quality of the publication/reporting of each SR were assessed by the application of AMSTAR (Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews) and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), respectively. Results The initial search retrieved 11 492 records, of which 16 SRs met our inclusion criteria. The average AMSTAR score was 7.3, the lowest score being 3 and the highest 11. The lowest PRISMA score was 12, the highest 25, and the average PRISMA score was 19.9. The results support the proposal that acupuncture might be considered an option for alleviating pain during labour, for correcting breech presentation, and for managing pelvic and back pain during pregnancy. There is insufficient evidence to recommend acupuncture for inducing labour, managing nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy, improving sleep quality, controlling nausea and vomiting associated with Caesarean delivery, and managing urinary infection. Conclusions Acupuncture might be an option for alleviating pain during labour, for correcting breech presentation, and for managing pelvic and back pain during pregnancy. More studies are needed to confirm the effects of acupuncture for other pregnancy-related acute conditions.

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