scholarly journals ANTHROPOCENTRICITY PRINCIPLE AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR PEDESTRIAN SPACES DESIGN

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Yulia L. BUGAEVA
Keyword(s):  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Advanced Phase ◽  
Concrete Objects ◽  
Pedestrian Space ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Barrier Free

The principle of anthropocentricity implies the organization of barrier-free pedestrian space corresponding to norms of walking, and criteria of quality and comfort for multi groups. The defi nition of pedestrian spaces and their more advanced phase - integrated pedestrian spaces is proposed in the article. The physiological capabilities of the pedestrian, including people with limited mobility, which form the parametric characteristics of pedestrian spaces, such as radius of the walking distance, absolute and to concrete objects, are identifi ed . The development dynamics of pedestrian spaces quantity and quality parameters over time is revealed.

ANTHROPOCENTRICITY PRINCIPLE AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR PEDESTRIAN SPACES DESIGN

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Yulia L. BUGAEVA
Keyword(s):  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Advanced Phase ◽  
Concrete Objects ◽  
Pedestrian Space ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Barrier Free

The principle of anthropocentricity implies the organization of barrier-free pedestrian space corresponding to norms of walking, and criteria of quality and comfort for multi groups. The defi nition of pedestrian spaces and their more advanced phase - integrated pedestrian spaces is proposed in the article. The physiological capabilities of the pedestrian, including people with limited mobility, which form the parametric characteristics of pedestrian spaces, such as radius of the walking distance, absolute and to concrete objects, are identifi ed . The development dynamics of pedestrian spaces quantity and quality parameters over time is revealed.

scholarly journals Built-in metro system concourse in historical buildings: the experience of Leningrad and Prague, modern problems and technologies in the context of a barrier-free environment establishment

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Strugach ◽  
Andrey Trifonov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Metro System ◽  
Barrier Free

Currently, the barrier-free environment establishment in transport (including in the metro system) is one of the most urgent tasks. When retrofitting existing metro stations for access by disabled people and other people with limited mobility in a dense urban development of the historical center, it will inevitably arise the need to build additional concourse and related premises in historical buildings and cultural heritage sites. For St. Petersburg, this topic is especially important, given the specific structure of the city’s historical center and the location peculiarities of central metro stations. This article examines and briefly analyzes the building metro concourse experience in historical buildings and cultural heritage sites in Leningrad (on the example of the St. Petersburg metro stations «Mayakovskva», «Nevsky Prospekt» / «Gostiny Dvor») and Prague (on the example of the Prague metro stations «I.P. Pavlova» and «Karlovo namesti»). The investigated Prague projects experience is the most relevant in relation to the modern providing a barrier-free environment challenges that St. Petersburg metro faced. The article also provides a cementing overview (for stabilizing the preserved object’s soil and foundations, including Jet Grouting) and their use peculiarities in the existing historical development. One of the options proposed by the authors to provide access for disabled people and other people with limited mobility to the Ploschad Vosstaniya metro station is considered. This option was prepared in the course of pre-design studies on organizing access for disabled people and other people with limited mobility to 11 Kirovsko-Vyborgskaya line stations of the St. Petersburg metro in 2019–2020.

Conditions for compliance with the requirements for ensuring the accessibility of transport facilities of Russian Railways through interim solutions and the adoption of compensatory measures to serve people with limited mobility, including people with disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-352
Author(s):  
Timofey M. SHMANEV ◽  
◽  
Victoria I. A ULYANITSKAY ◽  
Marina S. PUKHOVA ◽  
Pavel S. PANOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Free Environment ◽  
Compensatory Programs ◽  
Barrier Free

Objective: Formation of an effective mechanism for the creation or gradual redistribution of resources to ensure a universal barrier-free environment not only among disabled people (of all categories), but among representatives of people with limited mobility (PLM), through interim solutions and the adoption of compensatory programs (measures). Based on finding the optimal balance of costs and benefits, in cases of lack of technical or material capabilities associated with improving the development or design of an accessible environment. Methods: The main tools of analysis and management are used: Pareto diagram, cause-effect diagram (Ishikawa), goal setting, structuring, dynamic changes, etc. Results: A variant of the mechanism for the implementation of the step-by-step creation of a universal barrier- free environment is presented not only among disabled people (of all categories), but among PLM. It has been established that if the existing infrastructure facilities of the passenger complex, before their reconstruction or overhaul, cannot be fully adapted to the needs of disabled people, then the introduction of a comprehensive program (roadmap), compensating measures, interim solutions allows minimizing or eliminating the company’s costs. Practical importance: On the example of the obtained algorithm (sequence) of organizing the process to ensure the accessibility of the environment of the passenger complex of the Oktyabrskaya Railway, the principle of phased implementation of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on Russian Railways, which is universal, is shown. Formalized solutions should help improve the quality of service, reduce costs and increase customer focus on the Russian Railways network.

Haecceities

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-137
Author(s):  
Joseph Mendola
Keyword(s):  
Possible Worlds ◽  
Time Slice ◽  
Modal Structure ◽  
Substantial Form ◽  
Ordinary Concrete ◽  
Concrete Objects ◽  
Over Time

This chapter is an account of the particularity of ordinary concrete objects like balls and bikes that appear within our experience. It argues that certain sorts of haecceities, which is to say irreducible individualities or bare particularities, are required to account for the particularity of such things. These haecceities involve modal structure of a distinctive sort. Various accounts are explored. But the central model developed involves haecceities of minimal spatial and temporal material bits, which help in turn to constitute the present time slice of a perceived object. This time slice could occur at different times or in different possible worlds, and instantiates a substantial form that constrains, in a perdurantist manner, available forms of identity over time rooted in concrete relations.

Abstract P417: Physical Activity, Physical Fitness and Leukocyte Telomere Length: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Soares-Miranda ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
David S Siscovick ◽  
Nancy Swords Jenny ◽  
Annette L Fitzpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Leisure Time Activity ◽  
Over Time

Background The influence of physical activity (PA) and fitness (PF) at older ages on changes in telomere length (TL), repetitive DNA sequences that may mark biologic aging, are not well established. Prior studies in older adults were cross-sectional, and few evaluated PF. Aim To investigate both cross-sectional and prospective associations of PA and PF with Leukocyte TL in older adults. Methods Among 582 adults age 73±5 y at baseline in CHS having serial LTL measures (leucocyte mean terminal restriction length) in 1992 and 1997, PA (walking pace, blocks, combined walking score; leisure time activity) and PF (15-ft walk, chair stands, grip strength) were assessed multiple times from 1989 to 1997. Cross-sectional associations were assessed using multivariable repeated-measures regression of cumulative average serial PA and PF measures from 1989 to 1992 against LTL in 1992; and cumulative averaged PA and PF from 1993 to 1997 against LTL in 1997. Longitudinal analyses assessed cumulative averaged PA and PF from 1989-92 against later changes in LTL from 1992-97; and changes in cumulative averaged PA and PF from 1989-92 to 1993-97 against changes in LTL from 1992-97. We evaluated all subjects, those without poor/fair self-reported health, and those without limited ADLs. Results Cross-sectionally, greater walking distance and chair test performance, but not other PA and PF measures, each associated with longer LTL ( P trend 0.007, 0.04 respectively). Lab measures of DNA integrity suggested measurable degradation that markedly attenuates ability to detect differences in LTL changes over time, especially over only 5 y. For example, baseline PA and PF from 1989-92 were unassociated with later changes in LTL. In contrast, changes in leisure time activity and chair test performance from 1992-97 were each inversely associated with LTL shortening. Conclusions Even late in life, certain PA and PF metrics are associated with longer LTL cross-sectionally and, even with likely substantial measurement error, with less LTL shortening over time.

scholarly journals Scientific evidence on the use of proprioceptive insoles in patients affected by neurological disorders: literature review

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Scuotto Luciana ◽  
Marino Simone
Keyword(s):  
Postural Balance ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Proprioceptive Information ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Advanced Phase

The aim of the study was to evaluate if the use of postural textured insoles or other types of stimulating insoles improved the control of postural balance (range of anteroposterior and middle-lateral sway of the Center of Pressure on different surfaces and in conditions of closed or open eyes) and the spatiotemporal parameters of gait (stride duration, stride length, Centre of Pressure sway, cadence, velocity, walking distance, step-by-step variability) in patients affected by Multiple Sclerosis or Parkinson's disease. Materials and methods: eight studies were included, RCT, meta-analysis and comparative cohort studies, through research on various platforms such as PubMed Advanced and Scopus, as well as in peer-reviewed journals. The enrolled participants were patients with S.M. or Parkinson in idiopathic form and non-advanced phase, excluding patients with comorbid conditions or clinical history that could influence their condition. These were submitted to intervention with different types of insoles and, because of the insufficient amount of data about the effects in the medium and long term, the results relating to the immediate effects of the proprioceptive insoles are reported with greater reliability. The insoles promote more significant effects in the condition of static balance with closed eyes; the effects on the gait pattern seem to be modestly positive, from both the biomechanical articular and muscular point of view. Despite the results of the study appear heterogeneous because of the greater proprioceptive information derives from muscle, joint and other sources of sensory feedback (and not only those coming from the plantar surface one), the use of textured insoles or other types of stimulating insoles seems to have positive effects on the postural balance and gait. However, the effects in the medium and long term and the cutaneous adaptations of the plantar surface in response to the use of these orthoses remain to be investigated: recently, these elements have been studied by a protocol study for RCT, which lays the foundation for further investigations in this field.

scholarly journals CREATING A BARRIER-FREE ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING SPACES FOR PEOPLE WITH LIMITED MOBILITY AND THE TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECTURE

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
И. Прядко ◽  
I. Pryadko
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Construction Education ◽  
Construction Organizations ◽  
Priority Direction ◽  
Barrier Free

The article analyzes the measures used by municipal authorities and construction organizations in Russian megalopolis for the organization of barrier-free architectural and planning environment. The results of the implementation of social programs to improve the living conditions of people with disabilities and other categories of people with limited mobility in urban areas are evaluated. It is proposed that the training of the barrier-free architectural and planning environment should become a priority direction of modern Russian construction education. Urban planning trends of the XXI century should be taken into account, as well as the principles of complexity and consistency in the creation of barrier-free architectural and planning space, in particular, the principles of the organization of exclusive space for residents of apartment buildings with restrictions. The article emphasizes that the legal aspect of the problem exists related to the protection of the social rights of workers with disabilities. The need to overcome the contradictions between different groups of urban population and the need to consider the environmental trends of the modern world urban planning is emphasized. In this regard, the town-planning developments of the famous modern Danish architect Jan Gehl, the head of Gehl Architects, are given as an example, currently working in the Russian Federation, in the Moscow region.

scholarly journals Storage Stability of Durum Wheat Pasta Enriched with Seaweeds Flours

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2450
Author(s):  
Ana Ramalho Ribeiro ◽  
Goreti Botelho ◽  
Ana Gaspar ◽  
Rui Costa
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fucus Vesiculosus ◽  
Ulva Rigida ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Over Time

The enrichment of semolina pasta with nutritionally rich ingredients has been targeted as a health strategy in recent years. In this work, the storage stability of seaweed-enriched pasta was assessed at different combinations of temperature and relative humidity. After six months of storage, pasta samples did not present variations in their sensory properties. The enrichment of durum wheat pasta with 1% of macroalgae Fucus vesiculosus and Ulva rigida flours, or flours of its extracts, was found to be adequate without influencing or modifying the sensory characteristics of pasta samples during the storage period. Water activity was shown to be the main criteria influencing the quality parameters of pasta during shelf life. A higher water activity during storage will lead to higher cooking losses and a lower firmness of cooked pasta, which will damage pasta quality over time.

scholarly journals Empagliflozin Effects on Pulmonary Artery Pressure in Patients with Heart Failure: Results from EMpagliflozin Evaluation By MeasuRing ImpAct on HemodynamiCs in PatiEnts with Heart Failure (EMBRACE-HF) Trial

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Nassif ◽  
Mohammed Qintar ◽  
Sheryl L. Windsor ◽  
Rita Jermyn ◽  
David M. Shavelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Loop Diuretic ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Over Time

Background: Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) prevent heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), and improve outcomes in those with HF and reduced ejection fraction (EF), regardless of T2D. Mechanisms of HF benefits remain unclear, and effects of SGLT2i on hemodynamics (filling pressures) are not known. EMBRACE-HF Trial was designed to address this knowledge gap. Methods: EMBRACE-HF is an investigator-initiated, randomized, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. From July 2017 to November 2019, patients with HF (regardless of EF, with or without T2D) and previously implanted pulmonary artery (PA) pressure sensor (CardioMEMS) were randomized across 10 US centers to empagliflozin 10 mg daily or placebo and treated for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in PA diastolic pressure (PADP) from baseline to end of treatment (average PADP weeks 8-12). Secondary endpoints included health status (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)), natriuretic peptides and 6-minute walking distance. Results: Overall, 93 patients were screened, and 65 were randomized (33 empagliflozin, 32 placebo). Mean age was 66 years, 63% were male, 52% had T2D, 54% NYHA class III/IV; mean EF 44%, median NT-proBNP 637 pg/mL and mean PADP 22 mmHg. Empagliflozin significantly reduced PADP, with effects beginning at week 1, and amplified over time; average PADP (weeks 8-12) was 1.5 mmHg lower (95% CI (0.2, 2.8); p = 0.02); and at week 12, PADP was 1.7 mmHg lower (95% CI (0.3, 3.2); p = 0.02) with empagliflozin vs placebo. Results were consistent for PA systolic and PA mean pressures. There was no difference in mean loop diuretic management (daily furosemide equivalents) between treatment groups. No significant differences between treatment groups were observed in KCCQ, natriuretic peptide levels and 6-minute walking distance. Conclusions: In patients with HF and CardioMEMS PA pressure sensor, empagliflozin produced rapid reductions in PA pressures that were amplified over time and appeared to be independent of loop diuretic management. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03030222.

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