scholarly journals PRESERVATION OF NATIONAL AND CULTURAL IDENTITY OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UKRAINIAN DIASPORA IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOCIAL CHANGE AND CONFLICTIZATION PROCESSES

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Svitlana Boiko ◽  
Ludmila Mlosh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
World Order ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Religious Factor ◽  
Hybrid War

The article analyzes certain factors (external and internal) that affect the preservation of the national and cultural identity of Ukrainians living outside Ukraine. The key internal factor is national self-identification. Among the external factors are the following: ideological factor, value security, the religious factor, the factor of historical bias in foreign and Ukrainian media, the factor of manipulation of consciousness, the factor of aesthetic and value orientation, and others. The need for more resolute opposition to the political and ideological influences of Russia, which invaded the territory of Ukraine and unleashed a hybrid war with its people, is highlighted. The authors of the article pay attention to the problems of the ontology of war and peace in the context of Ukraine‟s experience in counteracting the Russian-Ukrainian war, which became a long-term factor of destructive influences on Ukrainian socio-economic, political, cultural, educational, and scientific activities. Attention is drawn to the fact that the aggressive actions of the Russian Federation cause devastating consequences not only for Ukraine but also for the system of world order and international security, the main factor destabilizing the security environment in the regional environment of Ukraine. In the article, the ways of preserving the national and cultural identity of the Ukrainian diaspora are revealed through strategic and security paradigms, with the inclusion of multilevel interaction of cognitive meanings. Particular attention is paid to the role of national-cultural identity and analysis of the cognitive dimension in hybrid conflicts.

scholarly journals A Transformation of the Approach to Evaluating a Region’s Investment Attractiveness as a Consequence of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Dmitriy G. Rodionov ◽  
Evgenii A. Konnikov ◽  
Magomedgusen N. Nasrutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
World Order ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

The global COVID-19 pandemic has caused a transformation of virtually all aspects of the world order today. Due to the introduction of the world quarantine, a considerable share of professional communications has been transformed into a format of distance interaction. As a result, the specific weight of traditional components of the investment attractiveness of a region is steadily going down, because modern business can be built without the need for territorial unity. It should be stated that now the criteria according to which investors decide if they are ready to invest in a region are dynamically transforming. The significance of the following characteristics is increasingly growing: the sustainable development of a region, qualities of the social environment, and consistency of the social infrastructure. Thus, the approaches to evaluating the region’s investment attractiveness must be transformed. Moreover, the investment process at the federal level involves the determination of target areas of regional development. Despite the universal significance of innovative development, the region can develop much more dynamically when a complex external environment is formed that complements its development model. Interregional interaction, as well as an integrated approach to innovative development, taking into account not only the momentary effect, but also the qualitative long-term transformation of the region, will significantly increase the return on investment. At the same time, the currently existing methods for assessing the investment attractiveness of the region are usually heuristic in nature and are not universal. The heuristic nature of the existing methods does not allow to completely abstract from the subjectivity of the researcher. Moreover, the existing methods do not take into account the cyclical properties of the innovative development of the region, which lead to the formation of a long-term effect from the transformation of the regional environment. This study is aimed at forming a comprehensive methodology that can be used to evaluate the investment attractiveness of a certain region and conclude about the lines of business that should be developed in it as well as to find ways to increase the region’s investment attractiveness. According to the results of the study, a comprehensive methodology was formed to evaluate the region’s investment attractiveness. It consists of three key indicators, namely, the level of the region’s investment attractiveness, the projected level of the region’s investment attractiveness, and the development vector of the region’s investment attractiveness. This methodology is based on a set of indicators that consider the status of the economic and social environment of the region, as well as the status of the innovative and ecological environment. The methodology can be used to make multi-dimensional conclusions both about the growth areas responsible for increasing the region’s innovative attractiveness and the lines of business that should be developed in the region.

scholarly journals Theoretical Approaches to Nuclear Proliferation

2015 ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
K. S. Tarasov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Weapons ◽  
Nuclear Proliferation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Major Factors

This article analyses discussions between representatives of three schools in the theory of international relations - realism, liberalism and constructivism - on the driving factors of nuclear proliferation. The paper examines major theoretical approaches, outlined in the studies of Russian and foreign scientists, to the causes of nuclear weapons development, while unveiling their advantages and limitations. Much of the article has been devoted to alternative approaches, particularly, the role of mathematical modeling in assessing proliferation risks. The analysis also reveals a variety of different approaches to nuclear weapons acquisition, as well as the absence of a comprehensive proliferation theory. Based on the research results the study uncovers major factors both favoring and impeding nuclear proliferation. The author shows that the lack of consensus between realists, liberals and constructivists on the nature of proliferation led a number of scientists to an attempt to explain nuclear rationale by drawing from the insights of more than one school in the theory of IR. Detailed study of the proliferation puzzle contributes to a greater understating of contemporary international realities, helps to identify mechanisms that are most likely to deter states from obtaining nuclear weapons and is of the outmost importance in predicting short- and long-term security environment. Furthermore, analysis of the existing scientific literature on nuclear proliferation helps to determine future research agenda of the subject at hand.

Causes and prerequisites of the occupation of Luhansk and Donetsk regions: empirical analysis of territories (on the basis of indicators of the democratization index “Freedom in the World 2020”)

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
M. Vehesh ◽  
R. Kopolovets
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Democratic Development ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
First Time

Summary. The article examines the main reasons and preconditions for the occupation of certain regions in eastern Ukraine. The influence and role of Russia in this military conflict are analyzed, and for the first time an empirical (applied) analysis of the democratization index in the temporarily occupied territories is carried out. Russia’s aggressive policy in eastern Ukraine is part of a “hybrid” war against Ukraine that began in early 2014 with the occupation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. With the support of Russia, the so-called “Donetsk and Luhansk” people’s republics were created in eastern Ukraine. In essence, these are occupation military administrations that number more than 30,000 people, including regular troops and instructors of the armed forces of the Russian Federation. These are well-armed military formations, the number and combat capabilities of which are not inferior to the armies of individual European countries. In the temporarily occupied territories there is a total political and ideological “Russification”, the purpose of which is the alienation and further isolation of these territories from official Kyiv. It should be noted that the hostilities, which have been going on for the sixth year, pose serious economic, political, legal, and geopolitical problems on Ukraine’s path to consolidating the democratic regime and integrating with the European community. The change of political regime in 2013 in Ukraine opened up prospects for the consolidation of national identity and the restoration of the course of Euro-Atlantic integration, which was usually not accepted by official Moscow and personally by President Putin. It should be clearly understood that the war in Donbass, provoked by Russia, is the result of a systematic and long-term policy of Russia towards Ukraine as a country with a favorable geopolitical location and a kind of bridge between Europe and Russia. The article pays special attention to the theoretical and applied analysis of democratic development in Donbass. It should be noted that from 2020 “Freedom House” will start monitoring the territory and accordingly provide quantitative data on the democratization index with the appropriate analytical base and forecasts.

Chile’s Peacekeeping and the Post-UN Intervention Scenario in Haiti

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-291
Author(s):  
Carlos Solar
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Policy Debate ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Conflict Intervention ◽  
Policy Communities ◽  
Big Four

The defence and foreign policy communities in the Global South should learn from the lessons of security governance that followed the 13-year United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH). To better inform the academic and policy debate, this article extrapolates ideas from the case study of Chile, one of the ‘big four’ Latin American peacekeeping providers in Haiti, along with Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. The article examines Chile’s finished compromise with the MINUSTAH in order to shed light on conflict intervention strategies and its peace operations in Colombia and the Central African Republic. It argues that military policies for peace intervention purposes should undergo a critical reassessment in light of the state steering away from the past use of long-term brute force. Today’s changing security environment favours a set of different human security policies that have become more prevalent for peacekeeping policymaking. Engaging in scenarios of war and peace thus demands a more focused, experienced and tactical use of military and diplomatic resources than governments in the developing countries currently possess.

scholarly journals Greater Mediterranean Regional Security Complex: Myth or Reality?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-440
Author(s):  
Mirmehdi Mirkamil ogly Aghazada
Keyword(s):  
International System ◽  
World Order ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Political Events

The study of regional dimensions, including the role of individual regions in the international system, plays a significant role in understanding the formation of a new multipolar world order. Undoubtedly, one of the most important regions is the Great Mediterranean, which is considered to be the cradle of civilization. Located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa and Europe, it has a special status in global economic and political events. The author first defines the concept of the Greater Mediterranean, analyzing it in the short, medium and long term and, accordingly, in a narrow regional, wide regional and global scale. Then the analysis is carried out from the point of view of the regional security complex theory. The purpose of the study is to identify the territory covered by the Greater Mediterranean, as well as the type of regional security complex that it is part of. Since there is no clear, unified definition among Russian and foreign scholars about the geographical boundaries of this region and what it represents, the theoretical justification allows the author not only to determine the limits of the region, but also to give its characteristics, which in turn conditions the relevance of the research. In summary, it is concluded that the Greater Mediterranean constitutes a global-level security complex as it includes states, such as Russia, France, and Great Britain, which have a significant influence in world politics, as well as Turkey, Italy, Israel, and Iran with considerable powerful capabilities that extend beyond their neighbors.

scholarly journals The Role of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces: Historical Structure and Changing Security Environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Milton Reyes Herrera ◽  
Katalina Barreiro Santana ◽  
Diego Pérez Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
The Face ◽  
Regional Order ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Republic

This work addresses the central points of the construction process of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces to the new challenges, perceptions and responses related to the present environment of security and defense, from a structural and long-term historical perspective, which allows the understanding of this institution as key component of the complex Ecuadorian State-society, and its relations with different moments in the world and regional order. As an introductory point, a historical reading is presented, addressing the period between the conformation of the Republic to the culmination of the delimitation of its land border; in a second moment, the Pre and Pos scenario of the Peace Treaty with Peru from 1998 to 2007 will be analyzed; later it reviews the scenarios, perceptions and responses of Ecuador in the face of changes in the security environment in the decade 2008-2019.

scholarly journals Implementation of value-regulatory functions by modern religious organizations of Ukraine in the conditions of religious and worldview freedom

2017 ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
Olga Nedavnya
Keyword(s):  
Religious Organizations ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Range Of Functions ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
The Church

Among the range of functions performed by modern religious organizations in the world and in Ukraine, in particular, there are both relatively traditional and relatively new, with at least some of the first ones being re-updated. These can include a value-controlling function. In the situation of the "hybrid war" in Ukraine, before many of its inhabitants (directly or through the mediation of relatives), dramatic, and even tragic questions of life and death, their meaning, the orientation between the Earth and the sky, between neighbors, between those or other decisions that need to be made quickly in matters of material, but the consequences of which can then be long-term boomerang yatrit conscience. Whichever system of value coordinates is based on this, then everyone has to choose himself. Under the conditions of religious and ideological freedom, the Church and religious organizations no longer have the role of "legislators" in such a choice, but in essence they are virtually the only institutions that offer appropriate guidance and advice.

China and the World, 1900-1949

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Modern China ◽  
State Behavior ◽  
Chinese Nationalism ◽  
The World ◽  
External Forces ◽  
The Relationship

Thematically and chronologically organized, this highly condensed annotated bibliography includes works that provide insights into the long-term, core themes of China and the world during the first half of the 20th century. The fifty years from 1900 to 1949 were marked by revolution, civil war, and foreign invasion but also witnessed change and progress in China’s relations with the outside world. These include the transformation from an empire (Qing) to a nation-state, the rise of Chinese nationalism, the restoration of China’s tariff autonomy, the abolition of extraterritoriality, China’s participation in the two world wars, and its role in the world economy and international organizations. Historiographical debates bring out three interdependent methodological and thematic issues: the state behavior of the Qing (1900–1911), Beijing (1912–1928), and Nanjing governments (1928–1949) in foreign affairs; the role of external forces in China’s nation-building and integration into the world system and community in modern times; and the relationship between nationalism and globalization and between national and international histories. Three influential conceptual frameworks are John K. Fairbank’s Western impact/stimulation and China’s response paradigm, Paul A. Cohen’s China-centered and most recently China-unbound or human-centered approach, and William C. Kirby’s internationalization proposition. What these different strands of research share, in this author’s judgment, is far more important than what separates them. Out of controversy, most scholars today tend to agree that during the period from 1900 to 1949 the Qing, Beijing, and Nanjing regimes were weak but resourceful states in hostile national and international environments. China’s international status markedly improved by the end of the 1940s, as one of the “great powers” (daguo大国) and a founder of the United Nations in the new world order. National, regional, and global concerns as well as nationalism, imperialism, colonialism, and internationalism have entangled bearings on studies of nearly all subjects that hold significance in modern China and the world.

Good-bye to all that: COVID-19 and the transformations of cultural heritage

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-475
Author(s):  
Neil Asher Silberman
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Social Role ◽  
World Order ◽  
First Century ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
The Social

AbstractEconomists, political scientists, and journalists around the world have suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic will have long-term effects on twenty-first-century global society. As a precipitating factor in the final collapse of the post-1945 world order, the pandemic has been seen as an epochal turning point in human history. This article will examine the long-term effects that the pandemic may have on the protection and promotion of cultural heritage, which has become a major economic and political undertaking in the post-World War II era, with earlier roots in elite aesthetics and the rise of mass tourism in the nineteenth century. This article will identify some dramatic changes in economic activity and politics that may transform the social role of cultural heritage in the coming decades.

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