EFFECT OF NICOTINE ABUSE ON OXIDATIVE STRESS AND PERCEIVED STRESS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH COPING SELF EFFICACY AMONG UNIVERSITY GRADUATES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-858
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
◽  
Astha Dwivedi ◽  
Anuja Mishra ◽  
Sharmistha Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Nicotine Abuse ◽  
Significant Difference

An interdisciplinary review of the literature portrayed stress as an important cause for nicotine abuse among university students. Independent studies have shown nicotine to contribute perceived stress (PS) and oxidative stress (OS) but its mediation relation with PS and OS remains unclear and inspires active exploration. A prominent study on the relationship of smoking with perceived stress and coping styles in adolescents motivates to study the effect of nicotine abuse (NA) on PS, CSE, and OS indices among young adult university graduates. The study sample included 45 university graduates with 1-3 years of tobacco abuse history and 50 age-matched controls. The respondents were compared for perceived stress scale (PSS) score, coping self-efficacy (CSE) score, erythrocyte malondialdehyde (E_MDA), plasma MDA (P_MDA), erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (E_SOD), and plasma catalase (P_CAT). The study found NA increased the PS but not the CSE. Linear regression analysis showed a strong inverse relation between the PSS Score and CSE Score in the controls. Among the biochemical indices of OS, only P_MDA showed a significant difference between the groups. Multiple regressions showed a significant positive association of E_MDA with PSS Score and a significant negative association of E_SOD with PSS Score across the groups. Further, the mediation model is used to show a significant relationship between NA and PSS Score by Combined MDA (C_MDA). The result of study suggested that nicotine increases PS and reduces CSE. P_MDA is an important biochemical marker of nicotine abuse. E_MDA and E_SOD are important predictors of PS. These findings are important for psychobiochemical interventions in the management of NA. Therefore, this study encourages an interdisciplinary discourse on nicotine abuse with psychological and biochemical measures.

scholarly journals Neurological improvement is associated with neck pain attenuation after surgery for cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Koda ◽  
Toshitaka Yoshii ◽  
Satoru Egawa ◽  
Kenichiro Sakai ◽  
Kazuo Kusano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ◽  
Neurological Recovery ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cervical Spine Surgery ◽  
Neurological Improvement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Univariate Analyses

AbstractAlthough favourable surgical outcomes for myelopathy caused by cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) have been reported, factors significantly associated with post-operative neck pain attenuation still remain unclear. The primary aim of the present study was to determine factors significantly associated with post-operative neck pain attenuation in patients with cervical OPLL using a prospective multi-centre registry of surgically treated cervical OPLL. Significant postoperative neck pain reduction (50% reduction of neck pain) was achieved in 31.3% of patients. There was no significant difference in neck pain attenuation between surgical procedures. Statistical analyses with univariate analyses followed by stepwise logistic regression revealed neurological recovery as a factor having a significant positive association with post-operative neck pain attenuation (p = 0.04, odds ratio 5.68 (95% confidence interval: 1.27–22.2)). In conclusion, neurological recovery was an independent factor having a significant positive association with post-operative neck pain attenuation in patients with cervical myelopathy caused by OPLL who underwent cervical spine surgery.

Entering the Mental Backstage: Mindfulness and Mind-Wandering among Performing Artists

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 2068-2071
Author(s):  
Avneet Kaur ◽  
Shwetha T.S
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Performing Artists ◽  
Creative Processes ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Significant Difference

Existing literature has explored the role of mindfulness and mind-wandering on creative processes. However, it has overlooked the diversity in the creative domains as well as the experience of the artist while accounting for their relationship. In the present study, mindfulness and mind wandering- deliberate and spontaneous were explored among performing artists, i.e. musicians, theatre artists, and dancers. The study also looked at the artists’ experience in their field. After an initial screening using a creativity tool, 66 performing artists were recruited, following which two self-report indices that assessed mind wandering and mindfulness were administered. The data collected was subjected to quantitative data analysis in SPSS. A Oneway ANOVA showed significant effect of the creative domain on mindfulness for the three groups, with a significant difference between musicians and dancers. Among the musicians, a significant negative relationship between mind wandering spontaneous and years of experience was seen. Among the dancers, there was a significant positive association between mind wandering spontaneous, mind wandering deliberate and years of experience. The current study highlighted the need to approach the study of creativity using a contextual perspective. Keywords: Creativity, Dance, Music, Theatre.

scholarly journals Frequency and histological-cytological correlation of premalignant and malignant changes in the cervix in women of different ages

Praxis medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Dejan Mihajlović ◽  
Zoran Bukumirić ◽  
Nenad Šulović ◽  
Goran Relić ◽  
Slaviša Stanišić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Cervical Biopsy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Cervical Disease ◽  
Malignant Changes

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common and accounts for about 6.6% of all cancers in women. Aim: The aim was to determine the frequency of premalignant and malignant changes in the cervix, to examine the histological-cytological correlation of premalignant and malignant changes in the cervix and the correlation of the women's age with the stage of cervical disease. Material and Methods: A retrospective study analyzed 186 cervical biopsy specimens and cervical smears (Papanicolau test) at the Institute of Pathology of the Faculty of Medicine in Pristina, based in Kosovska Mitrovica, over a three-year period from 2016 to 2018. Results: Of the 186 subjects, 62 had mild premalignant changes of type LSIL, 22 HSIL, and as many as 20 (10.75%) cervical cancer. There was a statistically significant positive association between histological and cytological findings (r = 0.854; p <0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the age of the subjects with regard to histological findings (F = 11,327; p <0.001). Subjects with HSIL were significantly older than those diagnosed with cervicitis chronica (p = 0.029). Subjects diagnosed with planocellular carcinoma were significantly older than women with cervicitis chronica (p <0.001) and LSIL (p <0.001). Conclusion: There is an increasing trend of cervical cancer in Northern Kosovo and in the Serbian enclaves in central Kosovo and Metohija. Subjects with cervical cancer were significantly older than subjects with mild premalignant cervical changes. There is a significant histologic-cytological correlation of cervical findings, so we believe that more massive cervical screening, especially in younger women, could reduce the incidence of premalignant and malignant diseases of the cervix.

scholarly journals Correlation of Fasting and Post Prandial Plasma Glucose with Hemoglobin Glycation

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saiedullah ◽  
Shoma Hayat ◽  
Syed Muhammad Kamaluddin ◽  
Shahnaj Begum
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Hemoglobin Glycation

Association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and post prandial plasma glucose (PPG) on hemoglobin glycation is still controversial. In this study we aimed to assess the influence of FPG and PPG on hemoglobin glycation in newly diagnosed never treated diabetic (NDNT-DM) subjects and treated diabetic (T-DM) subjects. One hundred and seventy seven diabetic subjects were included in this study. Plasma glucose concentrations were measured by hexokinase end point technique and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured by modified cationexchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were applied to assess the relative contribution of FPG and PPG on HbA1c. Univariate linear regression analysis showed significant positive association of FPG and PPG with HbA1c in both groups. Multivariate regression model showed that ? (beta) value of HbA1c was 0.5528 (p<0.0001) for FPG and 0.3047 (p<0.01) for PPG in the NDNT-DM whereas 0.5509 (p<0.0001) for FPG and 0.1874 (p>0.05) for PPG in treated diabetic subjects. After adjustment for age and sex, beta remains statistically significant for FPG and PPG where beta value for FPG was higher for FPG than for PPG in both NDNT-TM group and T-DM groups. This study revealed that FPG has a stronger association on hemoglobin glycation as compared to PPG in diabetes mellitus. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 4, No. 2: July 2013, Pages 28-30 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v4i2.16939

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Perceived Stress in the Relationship of Self-Efficacy and Work Engagement in Nurses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes ◽  
María del Mar Molero Jurado ◽  
Ana Belén Barragán Martín ◽  
María del Mar Simón Márquez ◽  
África Martos Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Stressful Environment ◽  
The Relationship

Positive Occupational Health Psychology (POHP) examines the mechanisms that promote workers&rsquo; health and wellbeing, in addition to risk factors arising from work activity. The aim of this study was to analyze the mediating role of perceived stress in the effect that self-efficacy has on engagement in nurses. The sample comprised 1777 currently working nurses. We administered the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and the General Self-Efficacy Scale. Following bivariate correlational analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and simple and multiple mediation analysis the results showed Self-efficacy to be a powerful personal resource that positively predicts employees&rsquo; engagement, although the effect diminishes when there are mediating variables of stress. We found differences in the way the different aspects of stress mediated the relationship between Self-efficacy and the engagement dimensions. &ldquo;Energy&ndash;joy&rdquo; was the strongest mediating variable for all of the engagement dimensions, and this, together with &ldquo;harassment&ndash;social acceptance&rdquo; dampened the effect of Self-efficacy on vigor and dedication, whereas &ldquo;Overload&rdquo; was only a mediator for dedication. Because nurses work in a stressful environment, risk factor arising from work activity, hospital management should design interventions to enhance their workers&rsquo; personal resources and improve personal and organizational wellbeing.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Perceived Stress, State-Trait Anxiety, and Sleep Quality Among University Graduates in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bailong Liu ◽  
Ke Qiao ◽  
Youfeng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Stress State ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The study aimed to investigate the relationship among perceived stress, state-trait anxiety, and sleep quality of graduates to provide a reference for improving their psychological status and attitude adjustment of job-searching during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted in a descriptive cross-sectional online survey between May 2020 and August 2020. The data were collected from 1,200 participants by using the personal information form prepared by the researchers in line with the literature, the Perceived Stress Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Among the surveyed participants, 47.67% were female, and 10.92% were medical students. The mean perceived stress, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and sleep quality were moderate and found as 31.4±6.69, 46.67±5.80, 49.45±5.54, and 5.94±2.47, respectively. The detection rates of state anxiety and trait anxiety were 48.63 and 49.50%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of state anxiety and trait anxiety among different genders and majors (p &gt;0.05). The detection rate of state anxiety and trait anxiety of rural family students was higher than that of urban family students (p &lt;0.01). The score on the PSQI was positively associated with the scores on the perceived stress, state anxiety, and trait anxiety scales (p &lt;0.001 for each model). Sleep quality was associated with increased perceived stress, state anxiety, and trait anxiety among graduates in China. Collectively, the study revealed the relationship between perceived stress, state-trait anxiety, and sleep quality among university graduates in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results offer novel practical implications for all circles of the society to ensure students’ health under the context of the COVID-19 epidemic.

scholarly journals Association Between Bispectral Index (BIS) Value and Postoperative Shivering in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1166-1169
Author(s):  
Manijeh Yousefi Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Nemat-Shahi ◽  
Bardia Dowlat-Abadi ◽  
Seyed Ehsan Safari ◽  
Saeed Yajan
Keyword(s):  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Bispectral Index ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Depth Of Anaesthesia ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distribution Width

BACKGROUND: Postoperative shivering is one of the most common adverse effects after general anaesthesia. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring value and postoperative shivering in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Sabzevar city, from August 2017 to September 2018. Patients who underwent orthopaedic surgery, using general anaesthesia, were enrolled. Recording of the depth of anaesthesia using BIS monitoring was started exactly 5 minutes after intubating the patient and continued until the discharge from post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). The incidence of postoperative shivering was evaluated using a scale proposed by Crossley and Mahajan. RESULTS: A total number of 80 patients were evaluated. 32.5% of patients experience postoperative shivering grade 2, with mean BIS score 41.85. The univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis indicated a statistically significant relationship between shivering score and patients' heart rate, blood pressure, BIS score, temperature, age, height, gender and blood cell distribution width (RDW) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate a significant positive association between BIS value and postoperative shivering in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery, so that, patients with higher BIS score experienced significantly more postoperative shivering. It seems that BIS-guided anaesthesia can reduce the risk and incidence of postoperative shivering in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery.

Investigation of Readiness and Expectations of Students of Sports Science Faculties Regarding the E-Learning Process and Their Self-Efficacy Perceptions

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3211-3216
Author(s):  
Ahmet Yavuz Malli ◽  
Hasan Buğra Ekinci ◽  
Emrah Seçer ◽  
Nurcan Demirel ◽  
Cemil Tuğrulhan Şam
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Sports Sciences

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the readiness and expectations of the students of sports science faculties regarding the e-Learning process as well as their self-efficacy perceptions. Methods: The research group consists of 146 men and 64 women studying at the faculties of sports sciences, a total of 210 university students. “Personal Information Form”, “Readiness and Expectation Scale for e-Learning Process” and “General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE)” were applied to the participants. In the analysis of the data, the appropriateness of the parametric tests was reviewed and the independent sample t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and simple linear regression analysis were used. Results: In the study, it is seen that there is no significant difference in self-efficacy perceptions and its sub-dimensions according to gender and habit of playing sports actively, but there is a statistical difference between the groups when compared according to grade level. It is found that there is a significant difference in the readiness and expectations of e-Learning in favor of women in terms of only the dimension of factors that affect success according to gender. It is observed that according to habit of playing sports actively, the scores of those who play sports are high in total score averages and in all other dimensions except for the dimension of factors affecting success, and there is a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of access to technology and technical skills when compared according to the grade. It is seen that there is a positive linear relationship between self-efficacy perception and readiness and expectation for e-Learning, and that self-efficacy perception explains 6% of the variance in readiness and expectations for e-Learning. Conclusion: In the research, it is concluded that the self-efficacy perceptions and readiness for e-Learning of those who play sports actively are higher, and that self-efficacy perception is an important predictor of their readiness and expectations regarding e-Learning. Keywords: E-Learning, Self-Efficacy Perception, Sports Sciences, Distance Education

scholarly journals The Use of Oral Analgesics and Pain Self-Efficacy Are Independent Predictors of the Quality of Life of Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Akira Hashimoto ◽  
Motoki Sonohata ◽  
Masaaki Mawatari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objectives. This study investigated the relationship between quality of life (QOL) and several factors, including pain assessments, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. This cross-sectional, single-center study enrolled 85 patients with RA. The variables investigated included demographic characteristics, the 28-joint disease activity score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), painDETECT questionnaire (PDQ), pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ), and pain catastrophizing scale (PCS). QOL was measured using the Japanese validated version of the European Quality of Life questionnaire with five dimensions and five levels (EQ-5D-5L). Results. The use of oral steroids and oral analgesics was significantly associated with low EQ-5D-5L scores (P<0.05). EQ-5D-5L score had a significant positive association with PSEQ (r = 0.414) and significant negative association with age, disease duration, DAS28-CRP, PDQ, and PCS (r = −0.217, −0.343, −0.217, −0.277, and −0.384, respectively). Multiple regression analysis showed that the use of oral analgesics and PSEQ were independent predictors of EQ-5D-5L score (β = -0.248, P<0.05 and β = 0.233, P<0.05). Conclusions. The use of oral analgesics by RA patients may influence their QOL, which, in turn, may affect their feelings of self-efficacy. Various pain management strategies, including surgical treatment, may be explored for the treatment of RA. Furthermore, the PSEQ may be a prominent part of the patient’s overall assessment.

scholarly journals Tophi reduction: ultrasound imaging and correlation with plasma levels of uric acid in patients undergoing treatment for tophaceous gout

Reumatismo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
A.J.L. Ferrari ◽  
A.R. Corrêa Fernandes ◽  
R. De Almeida Agustinelli ◽  
H. Seike ◽  
E. De Ávila Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tophaceous Gout ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients

The objective was to determine the reduction of tophi in patients undergoing drug therapy in correlation with urate serum levels through ultrasound examination. A total of 31 male patients, between the ages of 33 to 77 years, with tophaceous gout were evaluated between 2005 and 2009, 11 of which were selected. Ultrasound examinations of visible tophi and evaluations of serum uric acids levels were performed annually on each patient. There was a statistically significant difference between measurements 1, 2, 3 and measurement 4 and between measurements 4 and 5. A strong significant positive association was seen between variation of tophus size and the reduction of serum uric acid levels.

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