scholarly journals Pharmacognostical and Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of the Leaf Extract of Jasminum auriculatum Vahl

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
T. Gowdhami ◽  
A.K. Rajalakshmi ◽  
N. Sugumar
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
The Family ◽  
Powdered Drug

Jasminum auriculatum belonging to the family Oleaceae are reported to have good medicinal values in traditional system of medicines. The present study deals with pharmacognostical examination of morphological and microscopical characters and phytochemical investigations of Jasminumauriculatum leaves including determination of loss on drying, ash values and extractive values. The preliminary phytochemical screening of powdered drug was also carried out, the qualitative chemical examinations revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents like alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, carbohydrates, Glycosides, protein, mucilages, phenols ,tannins and flavonoids.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN KARAMUNTING (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Salmonella thypi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Suci Wulandari ◽  
Chandra Pranata ◽  
Yanna Rotua Sihombing ◽  
Muhammad Hamim Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa

Salmonella thypiis a bacterium that causes typhoid fever. Typhoid fever is an infectious disease that is still a health problem, especially in Indonesia. There are several studies on the types of plants that can control bacterial growth. Indonesian plants are often used as medicine, one of which is the karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa.). Traditionally a number of parasitic species have been used to prevent and treat various diseases such as cough, anticancer, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, wound or infection karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa.) Has active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins , saponins, and glycosides which have antibacterial abilities. The purpose of this study is to determine the inhibition of extract of karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa.) at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Test samples using Salmonella thypi. This research is an experimental study with a design (posttest). The research methods included the collection of plant material, determination of plant material, making simplicia, phytochemical screening, making ethanol extract from simplicia by maceration, testing chemical compound groups, and antibacterial testing with paper disk diffusion methods. Karamunting is extracted by maceration process, using 70% ethanol solvent. The results of this study indicate that the benalu coffee leaf extract (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa.) has inhibitory capacity as an antibacterial in Salmonella thypi with a mean inhibition of 16.87 mm at a concentration of 5%, 17.24 mm at a concentration of 10%, and 18.21 mm at a concentration of 15%. The greatest inhibition is produced at a concentration of 15%, because the higher the concentration of the extract, the higher the diameter of the inhibition produced, because the more active substances contained in the extract.

scholarly journals An experimental study to test the haemostatic effect of Aloe vera

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 717
Author(s):  
Ramesh H. ◽  
Jyothi C. H.
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Perennial Plant

Background: Blood clotting is a process which prevents blood loss during injuries. Blood clots even when it is coming out from the blood vessels. Aloe vera is a perennial plant found all over India. It is commonly used in traditional system of medicine for treatment of wound healing, mouth ulcers, constipation, skin wrinkles and diabetes mellitus It is also used as antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. As it is used in traditional system of medicine for wound healing, this study was under taken to test the possible haemostatic effect of aloe vera.Methods: 12 rats were divided into two groups (control and test) with 6 rats in each group. Determination of Bleeding Time (BT), rat tail was warmed for one minute in water at 40˚C and then dried. A small cut was made in the middle of the tail with a scalpel. In test group, a drop of aloe vera leaf extract was applied on the injured area immediately after making the cut in the middle of the tail, where as in the control group nothing was applied, and BT estimated. Determination of Clotting Time (CT), 12 test tubes were arranged in water bath at 37˚C. Control Group: 0.4 ml of blood was collected from each rat in the control group and added to 6 test tubes kept in the water bath. Test group: For the remaining 6 test tubes 0.1 ml of aloe vera leaf extract was added. 0.4 ml of blood collected from the test group was added to these test tubes. The CT was estimated for both control group and test group.Results: The results were statistically analyzed by using unpaired t-test. The reduction in BT and CT for test group was statistically highly significant (p<0.001) compared to control group.Conclusions: In this study aloe vera leaf extract significantly reduced both BT and CT in the test group.

MICROSCOPIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (06) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
N. K Choudhary ◽  
◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
S. Goyal ◽  
J. Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation

In traditional system of medicine, Calotropis gigantea (Akra) has been used for treatment of various diseases. Since, there is no proper information regarding pharmacognostic parameters of flowers of this plant, our efforts were devoted to study the microscopical characters and phytochemical study of flowers of this plant. Microscopic evaluation of gynostegium, sepal/ calyx, petal, ovary and pedicel were undertaken, determination of ash and extractive values, phytochemical screening and TLC for presence of triterpenoids. The microscopic characterization of the parts of the flower i.e. gynostegium, sepal/ calyx, petal, ovary and pedicel of Calotropis gigantea was performed. The physicochemical characterization‘s gave ash values (total ash: 18.60; acid insoluble ash: 5.46; water soluble ash; 13.50) and extraction with petroleum ether, chloroform and 90% ethanol extract gave 2.4, 3.9 and 2.1% w/w, respectively. TLC of chloroform extract showed the presence of triterpenoids. The microscopic study of the flower of Calotropis gigantea give us the foot prints for further study with the presence of triterpenoids in the flowers.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and GC-MS determination of bioactive constituents from methanol leaf extract of Senna occidentalis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 992-995
Author(s):  
Aisha Mohammad Ibrahim ◽  
◽  
Bashir Lawal ◽  
Ndababru Amos Tsado ◽  
Abubakar Awwal Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bioactive Constituents

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and Total Phenolics of Stem and Leaf extracts of Sandoricum koetjape

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Susy Saadah ◽  
Silvester Maximus Tulandi
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Acid Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sandoricum Koetjape ◽  
Phenolics Content ◽  
The Mean

Sandoricum koetjape belongs to the family Meliaceae which is known to have antioxidant activity. Natives of Betawi use stem of S. koetjape for the treatment of helminthiasis meanwhile leaf of S. koetjape was used for the treatment of fever. Stem and leaf of that plant were tested for phytochemical and total phenolics content. Phytochemical screening of plants extracts revealed the presence of quinon. Quantitative determination of total phenolics of methanol and chloride acid extract was carried out using colorimetric methods. The mean total phenolics content was found to be 1.4155 mg/g and 3.1469 mg/g for stem and leaf respectively (ANOVA, p=0.000). There is significant difference in total phenolics content between the stem and leaf of Sandoricum koetjape.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antivenom Activity of Cassia alata Leaf Extract against Daboia Russelii Venom

2021 ◽  
pp. 288-298
Author(s):  
Achala Bhat ◽  
K. S. Rajesh ◽  
Reshma Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Cassia Alata ◽  
The Family ◽  
Hemorrhagic Activity ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
First Time

Cassia alata, commonly known as candle bush, ringworm bush is an extensively distributed plant of the family Leguminosea. It is an annual and occasionally biannual herb, flowering in the sunshine and humid areas, with an average height of 1 to 4m. Biological activity in plants has been claimed to be effective as antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-ulcer, antiviral, antidepressants, hepatoprotective, antimalarial, anthelmintic, cardiovascular, and anesthetic properties. The ethanolic extract of plant was subjected first time for neutralization of snake venom activity. Primary phytochemical screening shows the existence of alkaloid, steroids, phenols, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. Ethanolic extract of Cassia alata plants was tested for antivenom activity against Daboia russelii venom. Various dose levels of leaf extract 200 and 400mg/kg showed significant neutralization of hemorrhagic activity, and at 400mg/kg leaf extract showed significant necrotizing activity in rats.

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND LARVICIDAL EFFECT EVALUATION OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA (L) LEAF EXTRACT ON DERMESTES MACULATUS (DE GEER, 1774) INFESTATION OF SMOKED CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (BURCHELL, 1822)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Sadam Sulaiman Indabo ◽  
Rufai Zakari
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Range Finding ◽  
Dermestes Maculatus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Initial Source

Dermestes maculatus is a major pest of stored fish in Nigeria, fish is preserved with highly persistent synthetic chemicals. There have been an increasing effort at developing plant-based toxicants that are environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study was conducted to screen the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica for phytochemical constituents. The efficacy of the methanolic leaf extract of the plant against D. maculatus was also evaluated. The leaves of A. indica were obtained, processed and taken to laboratory for methanolic extraction. Phytochemical screening was carried out to identify saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, triterpenes and carbohydrates using standard procedure.  Both clean and infested samples of smoke-dried Clarias gariepinus were purchased from Sabon Gari Market, Zaria. The infested samples were used as initial source of D. maculatus larvae. Range finding test was carried out prior to the bioassay. During the bioassay, clean un-infested fish samples were weighed and introduced into kilner jars and respective dosages of 0.2g, 0.4g, 0.6g and 0.8g of extract were added. Another set of fish samples without the extract were maintained as control. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with three replicates. Fifteen larvae of D. maculatus were introduced into both treated and control containers and covered. Mortality was recorded after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Data obtained revealed an increase in mortality with increasing dose and time. Mortality ranged from 1.67 to 11.00. Therefore, leaf extract of A. indica should be incorporated in the development of larvicide against D. maculatus.   

QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION OF PERGULARIA DAEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
GITA MISHRA ◽  
HEMESHWER KUMAR CHANDRA ◽  
NISHA SAHU ◽  
SATENDRA KUMAR NIRALA ◽  
MONIKA BHADAURIA
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

Pergularia daemia belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, known to have anticancer, anti-inflammatory activity. Aim of the present study was to evaluate qualitative and quantitative phytochemical and antioxidant properties of ethanolic extracts of leaf, stem and root parts of P. daemia . Preliminary phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant properties were evaluated by standard methods. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of P. daemia showed presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloid, phytosterol, carbohydrate, phenol, saponin, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids proteins and reducing sugars. Quantitative analysis showed polyphenol, flavonoid, flavonone, flavone and flavonol in P. daemia leaves, stem and root in considerable quantity. The in vitro antioxidant activity of P. daemia clearly demonstrated that leaf, stem and root parts have prominent antioxidant properties and was effective in scavenging free radicals.

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