scholarly journals Time and technique of green pruning 'Charme' peaches to obtain quality fruits

2021 ◽  
pp. 360-367
Author(s):  
Marcelo Dotto ◽  
Kelli Pirola ◽  
Darcieli Aparecida Cassol ◽  
Américo Wagner Junior ◽  
Idemir Citadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
The Times ◽  
Green Pruning

One of the management techniques that aim to improve the quality of the fruits is green pruning, which main purpose is to increase the penetration of light in the crown, favoring pigmentation, thus improving the flavor of the fruits. However, it is not always done, since it requires labor. The objective of this work was to evaluate the time and the way of Management green pruning, as well as the practice of thinning associated with it in order to obtain high quality peaches from the ‘Charme’ cultivar. The work was carried out in a commercial orchard in the Dois Vizinhos (PR) municipality, in three productive cycles. A completely randomized design was used, a 3 x 3 bifactorial scheme (green pruning time x green pruning management technique), with 4 replications of two plants per experimental unit. The times of green pruning or bending were in the third, fourth and fifth weeks before harvest. The techniques were first to remove vertical branches facing the center of the canopy and in the base of the tree with reference to broken and poorly ones and, the second the belding of these. The productive capacity and the physicochemical characteristics of the fruits were evaluated in three productive cycles. The quality of the ‘Charme’ peach only presented improvements with the green pruning from the third year of its realization.

Pengaruh Pemberian Moringa oleifera Terhadap Kuantitas dan Kualitas Semen Sapi Peranakan Ongole

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Lukman Affandhy ◽  
Muchamad Luthfi ◽  
Dian Ratnawati ◽  
Frediansyah Firdaus
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
The Third ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Second Period

ABSTRAK  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bubuk daun Moringa oleifera (MO) terhadap kuantitas dan kualitas semen sapi peranakan ongole (PO). Metode penelitian menggunakan percobaan lapang dengan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan pemberian MO sebesar 0 kg/ekor/hari (P1); 0,05 kg/ekor/hari (P2) dan 0,1 kg/ekor/hari (P3). Analsis data menggunakan one way analysis of variance. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas empat ekor dengan tiga periode pengamatan sebagai ulangan, yaitu periode pertama dan ketiga tanpa MO, dan periode kedua diberikan MO pada P2 dan P3. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa volume dan pH semen perlakuan P1, P2 dan P3 tidak berbeda semua periode pengamatan. Motilitas massa spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukan nilai +++ berbeda nyata (P<0,05) dibandingkan dengan P1 (++); motilitas individu  perlakuan P1 menunjukkan nilai terendah 60,56±2,94 % (P<0,05) dibandingkan P2 dan P3 pada periode kedua dan ketiga (75,50±2,29 dan 72,50±2,34%). Konsentrasi spermatozoa P2 dan P3 periode kedua dan ketiga menunjukkan rata-rata  >1.350 juta/ml berbeda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (876±152juta/ml), sedangkan total spermatozoa motil menunjukkan nilai tertinggi 5.647±829 juta/ml pada P3 periode kedua.Viabilitas spermatozoa P2 dan P3 menunjukkan nilai >88-89 % beda nyata (P<0,05) daripada P1 (<84 %) pada periode kedua dan ketiga, sedangkan nilai abnormalitas spermatozoa yang terbaik adalah P2 sebesar 4,30% pada periode kedua dan P3 sebesar 5,33% pada periode ketiga. Disimpulkan pemberian bubuk daun MO dengan dosis 0,1 kg/ekor/hari dapat memperbaiki kuantitas dan kualitas semen (viabilitas dan total spermatozoa motil) sapi pejantan PO.Kata kunci:  kuantitas dan kualitas semen, Moringa oleifera, sapi pejantan ABSTRACTThe research aimed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaf powder on the quantity and quality of semen of ongole crossbreed. The research method used was a field experiment with a completely randomized design with three treatments giving MO of 0 kg/head/day (P1); 0.05 kg/head/day (P2) and 0.1 kg/head/day (P3). Each treatment consisted of four heads with three periods of observation as replications, namely the first and third periods without MO, and the second period was given MO on P2 and P3. Data analysis used a one-way analysis of variance. The results showed that the volume and pH of semen treated P1, P2, and P3 didn’t different in all observation periods. The second and third period spermatozoa mass motility of P2 and P3 showed that the value of +++ was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to P1 (++); Individual motility of P1 treatment showed the lowest value 60,56±2,94 % (P<0.05) compared to P2 and P3 in the second and third periods (75,50±2,29 and 72,50±2,34%). The second and third periods of P2 and P3 spermatozoa concentrations showed an average of >1,350 million/cc significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (876±152 million/cc), while the total motile spermatozoa showed the highest value of 5,647±829 million/cc in the second period P3. The spermatozoa viability of P2 and P3 showed values >88-89% significantly different (P<0.05) than P1 (<84%) in the second and third periods, while the best spermatozoa abnormalities were P2 at 4.30% in the second period and P3 at 5.33% in the third period. It was concluded that the giving of MO leaf powder at a dose of 0,1 kg/head/day could improve the quantity and quality of semen (viability and total motile spermatozoa) of Ongole Crossbreed bulls. Keywords: bulls, Moringa oleifera, quantity and quality of semen

scholarly journals Behavioral aspects of Santa Inês sheep kept in pasture in a tropical rainforest climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Manno ◽  
Luiz Fernando de Souza Rodrigues ◽  
Kedson Raul de Souza Lima ◽  
Monique Valéria de Lima Carvalhal ◽  
Silas Santiago Rodrigues Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Behavioral Aspects ◽  
Behavioral Parameters ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
The Times ◽  
Main Activity

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate behavioral aspects of Santa Inês sheep in pasture in humid tropical climate. In order to do so, nine Santa Inês sheep were kept on pasture, exposed to the climate directly, without shade, for 24 days, with 12 alternate days in each period (dry and raining) in 2015. The behavioral parameters evaluated were: food consumption, standing idleness, lying idle and rumination. Observations occurred from 08:00 A.M. to 05:55 P.M. The experimental was a completely randomized design (CRD) with two treatments (rainy season and dry period), nine replications, one animal per experimental unit. To understand the correlations of the behavioral parameters with the climatic variables, Pearson’s correlation was performed. Approximate average values between the rainy and dry periods for the behavioral variables were observed, but there was a greater intake in the volume of water in the dry period (9.59L/sheep). Also, there were significant differences in the behavior of the animals throughout the day. In the hottest time of the day, at 02:00 P.M., there was standing idle of 25.83min., lying idle of 1.21min., and spent less time-consuming food (27.08min.) in relation to other schedules. We concluded that the sheep had similar behavioral parameters in the rainy and dry periods, but when we observe the times of the days, the behaviors are different. The main activity recorded was grazing, and the variables, temperature and relative humidity of the air influence differently between the seasons, being more marked in the dry period.

scholarly journals Quality and stability of eggs from laying hens fed with organic minerals and lycopene

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavia Kleszcz da Cruz ◽  
Elis Regina de Moraes Garcia ◽  
André Luiz Julien Ferraz ◽  
Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza ◽  
William Britez Feliciano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Organic Minerals ◽  
Haugh Unit ◽  
Mineral Sources

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using lycopene and organic minerals in diets for laying hens on the egg quality and stability of eggs stored for 30 days under different storage environments. An entirely randomized design was adopted in 2x3x3 factorial scheme (mineral sources x lycopene levels x storage periods) with six replicates of eight hens per experimental unit. The experimental diets were: feed containing inorganic minerals (IM) without added lycopene; IM with added lycopene (400mg kg-1); IM with added lycopene (800mg kg-1); organic minerals (OM) without added lycopene; OM with added lycopene (400mg kg-1); OM with added lycopene (800mg kg-1). After 112 days of feeding experimental diets, it was selected 60 eggs treatment-1, which were later labeled, stored in room and refrigerated temperature, and subjected to different storage periods (0, 15 and 30 days). Variables analyzed were: Haugh unit, yolk index, yolk color, albumen and yolk pH, and lipid oxidation (TBARS). Stability of eggs is not altered as a function of mineral sources and levels of lycopene studied. However, increasing storage time affects the quality of the eggs of laying hens at both storage conditions.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Kitosan dalam Ransum terhadap Bobot Total dan Kadar Kolesterol Telur Itik Tegal

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Sahara ◽  
T Widjastuti ◽  
R L Balia ◽  
Abun
Keyword(s):  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Duck Egg ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Kitosan merupakan produk limbah krustacea bersifat biodegradable, tidak beracun  dan mampu mengikat kolesterol, sehingga meningkatkan kualitas telur.  Tujuan penelitian adalah melihat pengaruh pemberian kitosan dalam ransum terhadap bobot dan kadar kolesterol telur itik.  Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan  4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan.  Masing-masing ulangan terdiri dari 2 ekor itik sebagai satuan percobaan.  Perlakuan adalah R0 = 0% kitosan, R1 = 0,5% kitosan, R2 = 2% kitosan dan R3 = 2,5% kitosan. Peubah yang diukur adalah bobot telur total selama penelitian dan kolesterol telur itik.  Data diolah menggunakan program SAS Windows 16.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kitosan memberikan rataan persentase bobot telur yang berimbang antar perlakuan (P>0,05) dan kitosan 0,5% nyata menurunkan kadar kolesterol telur itik terendah (P<0,05)  yaitu 10,28 (mg/dg).Kata Kunci : Kitosan, Ransum, Bobot, Kolesterol, Telur ABSTRACTChitosan is a waste product of crustaceans that is biodegradable, non-toxic and able to bind cholesterol, thereby increasing the quality of eggs. The aim of the study was to see the effect of chitosan in the ration on the weight and cholesterol level of duck eggs. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Each replication consisted of 2 ducks as the experimental unit. The treatments were R0 = 0% chitosan, R1 = 0.5% chitosan, R2 = 2% chitosan and R3 = 2.5% chitosan. The measured variables are total egg weight during research and duck egg cholesterol. The data was processed using SAS Windows 16. The results showed that chitosan gave an average percentage of balanced egg weight between treatments (P> 0.05) and chitosan 0.5% significantly lowered the lowest cholesterol level of duck eggs (P <0.05) that is 10.28 (mg / dg).Keywords: Chitosan, Ration, Weight, Cholesterol, Eggs 

scholarly journals Season and technique of green pruning on physiological and sensorial aspects of Maciel peaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e7039108575
Author(s):  
Marcelo Dotto ◽  
Kelli Pirola ◽  
Darcieli Aparecida Cassol ◽  
Alexandre Luiz Alegretti ◽  
Juliano Zanella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Peach Tree ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Green Pruning

One of the aspects that should be considered regarding the fruit market is the quality. Appearance is considered an important factor as the color of the skin. One of the management techniques to improve the peach quality is green pruning. The objective of this study was to determine the season and the technique for green pruning. The study was carried out in a commercial orchard atDois Vizinhos city, Paraná State, Brazil. The experimental design was a completely randomized experimental with four replications and two trees by experimental unit. The techniques were first to remove vertical branches facing the center of the canopy and in the base of the tree with reference to broken and poorly ones and, the second the belding of these. The use of green pruning for Maciel peach tree in five to four weeks before harvesting, improved fruit quality.

Trout Production in Prairie Ponds

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Lawler ◽  
L. A. Sunde ◽  
J. Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Open Water ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Considerable Success ◽  
Resource Enhancement ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
Marketable Size

Experimental plantings of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) in prairie winterkill lakes commenced in 1968 to test the feasibility of their commercial production. These trials were highly successful and by 1970 a small but rapidly expanding trout farming industry had been established. Trout planted early in the spring as 5- to 8-cm long fingerlings grew to marketable size (200 g minimum), without supplementary feeding, in the 6-mo period of open water that prevails in this region. Recoveries as high as 86% of the fingerlings stocked have been achieved and the quality of the trout produced is usually excellent in flavor and color. These experiments are continuing to improve management techniques and to determine the long-term productive capacity of pothole lakes. Three serious problems — summerkill, muddy flavor, and harvest inefficiency — are also subjects of continuing investigations. Use of prairie winterkill lakes as nursery ponds for production of advanced fingerlings of walleye and whitefish for use in resource-enhancement programs has also been tested with considerable success.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and enzimatic transformations of "eva" apples stored under modified atmosphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-381
Author(s):  
Ariela Betsy Thomas ◽  
Caroline Roberta Freitas Pires ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Oliveira Lima
Keyword(s):  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The City

The need for a permanent market supply of fresh fruit has generated great interest in postharvest techniques that can promote useful life and quality of the fruit. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of atmospheric modification using different polymeric films in maintaining postharvest quality and prolonging the shelf life of Eva (Mallus sp) apples. For this, fruits from the city of Barbacena - MG, selected and sanitized were packed in plastic trays and wrapped in the corresponding films. The films used were: polypropylene - 20 µm, low-density polyethylene - 14 µm and high-density polyethylene - 7 µm. Another group of fruits (control) was not submitted to a modified atmosphere. Subsequently, all the the packages were stored under refrigeration (0 ° C ± 0.5) for 210 days and the evaluations of the following variables were performed every 30 days of storage: hydrogen potential (pH), titratable acidity, soluble solids, weight loss, firmness, total pectin, soluble pectin, pectin methyl esterase and polygalacturonase. The work was conducted in a completely randomized design (4x8), with 4 treatments and 8 experimental times. Each treatment consisted of three replicates and each experimental unit consisted of six fruits. The results were submitted to variance analysis and means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability and regression analysis. The low density polyethylene (14 µm) packaging provided the best conservation of the Eva cultivar apple textural characteristics.

scholarly journals EGG QUALITY OF SELECTED ACEH NATIVE CHICKENS FED ON THE DIETS COMPOSED OF Indigofera sp. MEAL BASED ON FEED FERMENTATION AS PARTLY SUBSTITUTION OF COMMERCIAL DIET

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aman Yaman ◽  
Zulfan Zulfan
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Corn Bran ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Fermented Feed

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of  inclusion of  fermented feed consisted  of 15%  Indigofera sp. + 40% rice bran + 25% corn bran + 20% soybean meal as partial substitution of commercial  diet  on the egg quality of  selected Aceh native (SAN) chickens. As many as 48 SAN pullets were used in this study. The study was performed in a completely randomized design, consisted of 4 treatments and 4 replications. Each replication was an experimental unit consisted of three chickens. The results of study indicated that inclusion of up to 15% fermented feed which was composed of 15% Indigofera sp. + 40% rice bran + 25% corn bran + 20% soybean meal as substitution of commercial layer diet significantly (P0.01) improved yolk index without adverse effect on albumen and eggshell quality of  SAN chickens. As conclution, substitution of fermented feed contained 15% indigofera may improve the egg quality of SAN chickens.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characteristics and Microbiological Quality of the Topside and Longissimus Dorsi of Indonesian Local Buffalo Meat

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noraimah Binti Sulaiman ◽  
Cece Sumantri ◽  
Irma Isnafia Arief ◽  
Cahyo Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Buffalo Meat ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meat Samples

The physicochemical characteristics and microbiological quality of buffalo meat are influenced by differences in muscle type. This study aimed to evaluate the physiochemical characteristic and microbiological quality of the topside (active muscle) and longissimus dorsi (passive muscle) of Indonesian local buffalo meat. Samples used in this study were buffalo meat from local swamp buffalo, aged more than four years old on the topside and longissimus dorsi. This study used a completely randomized design, with three repetitions in each treatment. All data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result of the study on the topside and longissimus dorsi area showed a significant difference in the pH and cholesterol levels of the buffalo meat. The longissimus dorsi area had a lower level of pH and cholesterol compared to the topside area. Furthermore, this longissimus dorsi meat has a higher color, protein, ash, fat, essential amino acid, and lactic acid bacterial (BAL) content than the topside meat. However, the topside meat had higher carbohydrate, essential fatty acid, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) content compared to the longissimus dorsi meat. Longissimus dorsi meat had better physicochemical characteristics and microbiological quality than the topside meat

scholarly journals Combination of Pumpkin Flour (Cucurbita moschata D.) and Carrot Flour (Daucus carota L.) on The Brightness Color of Koi Fish (Cyprinus carpio)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
M. Riswan Maulana ◽  
Muhammad Junaidi ◽  
Bagus Dwi Hari Setyono
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Color Quality ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Koi fish is one of the freshwater ornamental fish that has an attractive body color, so the color disorder needs attention. The natural feed for pumpkin flour combined with carrot flour in artificial feed aims to improve the color quality of the koi fish. The study used a completely randomized design design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications so that 15 experimental units were obtained, each experimental unit contained 10 koi fish, and there were 5 treatments; P0 100% Pellets, P1 contains 90% Pellets + 3% LK Flour + TW 7%, P2 contains 90% Pellets + 4% LK Flour + 6% W Flour, P3 contains 90% Pellets + 5% LK Flour + W 5 Flour %, P4 contains 90% Pellets + 6% LK Flour + 4% W Flour. In this study, the highest increase in color value in koi fish occurred in the P4 treatment with the addition of a combination of 6% pumpkin flour and 4% carrot flour. The parameters in the study were the increase in color quality, increase in length and weight of koi fish, SR, and water quality. Observation data were analyzed using analysis of variance (AN0VA).

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