scholarly journals Long segment “Hanging-snout” end ileosotmy a safe “Surgical disaster mitigating” technique for an “Un-brookeable” end ileum: a study of 23 cases over 12 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
M. S. Ray ◽  
Sarvpreet Singh Malhi ◽  
Jayum Asopa ◽  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Manvinder Singh Grewal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Body Morphology ◽  
Stoma Formation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Difficult Situations

Background: In 1952, Professor Bryan Brooke described his technique for everting an ileostomy in order to minimise skin excoriation1. Pouting, mucosa-everting Brooke’s ileostomy have been accepted as the best technique for stoma formation in almost all cases, save a few difficult situations – such as edematous friable bowel with bulky short mesentry! In such cases formation of standard Brooke’s ‘Pouting’ ileostomy is not only difficult, but an impossible and a dangerous surgical exercise! In these situations where the bowel is “Un-Brookeable” due to aforementioned causes. Over a period of 12 years we could device a formula – “Ray’s Criteria” to decide at operation, if a given ileum in a particular patient, is safely “Brookeable” (i.e. evertable into a neat Brooke, spouting ileostomy) or is   “Un-Brookeable”.Methods: 23 patients were included in this study over 12 years, who due to the peculiarity of their body morphology (obesity or thick abdominal fat), edematous friable bowel with bulky mesentry, the ileum could not be drawn outside the abdomen and everted as Brooke’s ileostomy. The “Brookeability” of the exteriorized ileum was decided based on satisfying two issues of Ray’s criteria.Results: By using “Ray’s criteria”, we could seggregate patients safely as “Brookeable” and “Un-Brookeable”. Those deemed “Un-Brookable” underwent “Long segment Hanging snout” end ileostomy, which is the theme of our study.Conclusions: We are emphatic in stating that by using “Ray’s criteria” we could accurately segregate cases into “Brookeable” and “Un-Brookeable” ileum.

scholarly journals Being an outlier: a company non-prosperity sign?

Equilibrium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Svabova ◽  
Marek Durica
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Financial Ratios ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Equality Of Means ◽  
Statistical Hypotheses ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Difficult Situations

Research background: The state of financial distress or imminent bankruptcy are very difficult situations that the management of every company wants to avoid. For these reasons, prediction of company bankruptcy or financial distress has been recently in a focus of economists and scientists in many countries over the world. Purpose of the article: Various financial indicators, mostly financial ratios, are usually used to predict the financial distress. In order to create a strong prediction model and a statistically significant prediction of bankruptcy, it is advisable to use a deep statistical analysis of the data. In this paper, we analysed the real financial ratios of Slovak companies from the year 2017. In the phase of data preparation for further analysis, we checked the existence of outliers and found that there are some companies that are multivariate outliers because are significantly different from other companies in the database. Thus, we deeply focused on these outlying companies and analysed whether to be an outlier is a sign of financial distress. Methods: We analysed whether there are much more non-prosperous companies in the set of outlier companies and if their financial indicators are significantly different from those of the prosperous companies. For these analyses, we used testing of the statistical hypotheses, such as the test for equality of means and chi-square test. Findings & Value added: The ratio of non-prosperous companies between the outliers is significantly higher than 50 % and the attributes of non-prosperity and being an outlier are dependent. The means of almost all financial ratios of prosperous and non-prosperous companies among outliers are significantly different.

scholarly journals Assessment of the association between body composition and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249223
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Farbod Koohpayeh ◽  
Alireza Ghaemi ◽  
Saeed Osati ◽  
Sayed Hossain Davoodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Relationship

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as the condition of fat accumulation in the liver. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between body composition and fatty liver and determine of cut-off point for predicting NAFLD. Samples were selected from the nutrition clinic from 2016 to 2017 in Tehran, Iran. The liver steatosis was calculated using the CAP score through the FiroScan™ and body composition was measured using the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan method. A total of 2160 patients participated in this study, 745 (34.5%) subjects had NAFLD. We found that fat-free tissue was inversely and fat tissue was directly correlated with the risk of NAFLD in almost all factors and the risk of developing NAFLD increases if the total fat exceeds 32.23% and 26.73% in women and men and abdominal fat exceeds 21.42% and 13.76% in women and men, respectively. Finally, we realized that the total fat percent had the highest AUC (0.932 for men and 0.917 for women) to predict the risk of NAFLD. Overall, the likelihood of NAFLD development rose significantly with increasing the amount of total fat and abdominal fat from the cut-off point level.

scholarly journals Composite trait Mendelian Randomization reveals distinct metabolic and lifestyle consequences of differences in body shape

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Allen Sulc ◽  
Anthony Sonrel ◽  
Ninon Mounier ◽  
Chiara Auwerx ◽  
Eirini Marouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Body Morphology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Abdominal Fat Deposition

Obesity is a major risk factor for a wide range of cardiometabolic diseases. As its genetic determinants have become increasingly elucidated, it has become feasible to investigate its health consequences via Mendelian randomisation (MR). To study the impact of different aspects of body morphology on health outcomes, we gathered fourteen body morphology measures and associated GWAS summary statistics from UK Biobank and used principal component analysis to reveal four major independent axes of genetically driven variation in body shape and size: overall body size, adiposity, predisposition to abdominal fat deposition, and lean mass. Enrichment analyses suggest that body size and adiposity are affected by genes involved in neuronal signalling, whereas body fat distribution and lean mass are dependent on genes involved in morphogenesis and energy homeostasis. Using MR, we found that the adiposity component had the strongest impact on cardiometabolic health and obesity-related diseases and its genetic basis was intertwined with aspects of lower socio-economic status (SES). Overall body size affected many of the same diseases in an independent manner, but was linked to a more sedentary lifestyle with no change in SES. The body mass-neutral component predisposing to abdominal fat deposition, likely reflecting a shift from subcutaneous to visceral fat, exhibited health effects that were weaker but more specifically linked to lipotoxicity, such as diabetes and heart disease. The presented decomposition approach sheds light on the biological mechanisms underlying the remarkably heterogeneous nature of body morphology as well as its consequences on health and lifestyle.

scholarly journals EFEKAT ENZIMA PROTEAZE NA PRINOS I UDEO JESTIVIH PRATEĆIH PROIZVODA KLANJA PILIĆA HIBRIDA MASTER GRIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Doskovic ◽  
◽  
Snežana Bogosavljevic-Boškovic ◽  
Zdenka Škrbic ◽  
Miloš Lukic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
By Products

The effect of supplemental protease (Ronozyme ProAct) in broiler diet on the weights and percentage yields of slaughter by-products of male and female medium-growing Master Gris broiler chickens was analysed. Fattening period lasted for 63 days. Broilers were assigned to 3 experimental groups, each consisting of 100 birds. Experimental groups differed in protease levels used in their diets: control broilers (C) received complete feeds (starter, grower and finisher) without supplemental protease; chickens in the experimental group E-I were given a diet containing 0.2% protease and crude protein levels reduced by 4% compared with the control group, whereas experimental E-II broilers were fed a diet supplemented with 0.3% protease and containing crude protein levels reduced by 6% compared with C birds. The analysis of the results showed that feeding treatments had a very small effect on the weights and proportion yields of edible by-products (with difference only in the percentage yield of liver relative to live weight between C and E-I broilers, P<0.05), whereas sex was found to affect almost all slaughter by-products (except abdominal fat weight and the percentage yield of gizzard relative to live weight, P>0.05).

scholarly journals Composite trait Mendelian randomization reveals distinct metabolic and lifestyle consequences of differences in body shape

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Sulc ◽  
Anthony Sonrel ◽  
Ninon Mounier ◽  
Chiara Auwerx ◽  
Eirini Marouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Body Morphology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Abdominal Fat Deposition

AbstractObesity is a major risk factor for a wide range of cardiometabolic diseases, however the impact of specific aspects of body morphology remains poorly understood. We combined the GWAS summary statistics of fourteen anthropometric traits from UK Biobank through principal component analysis to reveal four major independent axes: body size, adiposity, predisposition to abdominal fat deposition, and lean mass. Mendelian randomization analysis showed that although body size and adiposity both contribute to the consequences of BMI, many of their effects are distinct, such as body size increasing the risk of cardiac arrhythmia (b = 0.06, p = 4.2 ∗ 10−17) while adiposity instead increased that of ischemic heart disease (b = 0.079, p = 8.2 ∗ 10−21). The body mass-neutral component predisposing to abdominal fat deposition, likely reflecting a shift from subcutaneous to visceral fat, exhibited health effects that were weaker but specifically linked to lipotoxicity, such as ischemic heart disease (b = 0.067, p = 9.4 ∗ 10−14) and diabetes (b = 0.082, p = 5.9 ∗ 10−19). Combining their independent predicted effects significantly improved the prediction of obesity-related diseases (p < 10−10). The presented decomposition approach sheds light on the biological mechanisms underlying the heterogeneity of body morphology and its consequences on health and lifestyle.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary protein level and length of fattening period on dressing percentage and carcass conformation in broiler chickens

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219
Author(s):  
Vladimir Doskovic ◽  
Snezana Bogosavljevic-Boskovic ◽  
Zdenka Skrbic ◽  
Radojica Djokovic ◽  
Simeon Rakonjac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Dietary Protein Level ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Almost All

This study analyses the effect of different protein levels in broiler feeds (supplemented with protease) and different lengths of fattening period on some parameters related to dressed carcass quality. Medium-growing Master Gris broiler chickens were used in a fattening trial lasting 63 days. At slaughter, dressing percentages and abdominal fat percentages were determined based on traditionally dressed carcass weights and abdominal fat weights of broilers at 49 and 63 days, and conformation indices were calculated based on absolute conformation measurements. Results showed that dietary treatment had an effect only on one relative conformation measurement - body weight/shank length in chickens at 49 days, as control broilers had higher values of this index compared to chickens receiving feeds containing reduced levels of crude protein and protease supplementation (0.2% or 0.3%). Length of fattening period affected almost all studied parameters, except breast angle, dressing percentage of traditionally dressed carcass and abdominal fat percentage.

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

SEM Cold Stage Techniques for the Observation of Vegetative and Floral Apices of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Plants

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
B. K. Kirchoff ◽  
L.F. Allard ◽  
W.C. Bigelow
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cell Collapse ◽  
Conductive Paint ◽  
Carbon Based

In attempting to use the SEM to investigate the transition from the vegetative to the floral state in oat (Avena sativa L.) it was discovered that the procedures of fixation and critical point drying (CPD), and fresh tissue examination of the specimens gave unsatisfactory results. In most cases, by using these techniques, cells of the tissue were collapsed or otherwise visibly distorted. Figure 1 shows the results of fixation with 4.5% formaldehyde-gluteraldehyde followed by CPD. Almost all cellular detail has been obscured by the resulting shrinkage distortions. The larger cracks seen on the left of the picture may be due to dissection damage, rather than CPD. The results of observation of fresh tissue are seen in Fig. 2. Although there is a substantial improvement over CPD, some cell collapse still occurs.Due to these difficulties, it was decided to experiment with cold stage techniques. The specimens to be observed were dissected out and attached to the sample stub using a carbon based conductive paint in acetone.

Electron microscopy studies of plasma-sprayed materials

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 70-71
Author(s):  
K.R. Subramanian ◽  
A.H. King ◽  
H. Herman
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Spraying ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Metallic Substrates ◽  
Hot Plasma ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Plasma Sprayed ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
Plasma Spraying Process

Plasma spraying is a technique which is used to apply coatings to metallic substrates for a variety of purposes, including hardfacing, corrosion resistance and thermal barrier applications. Almost all of the applications of this somewhat esoteric fabrication technique involve materials in hostile environments and the integrity of the coatings is of paramount importance: the effects of process variables on such properties as adhesive strength, cohesive strength and hardness of the substrate/coating system, however, are poorly understood.Briefly, the plasma spraying process involves forming a hot plasma jet with a maximum flame temperature of approximately 20,000K and a gas velocity of about 40m/s. Into this jet the coating material is injected, in powder form, so it is heated and projected at the substrate surface. Relatively thick metallic or ceramic coatings may be speedily built up using this technique.

Vacuum System to Minimize the Specimen Contamination of High-Performance EM

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
N. Yoshimura ◽  
K. Shirota ◽  
T. Etoh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Pumping System ◽  
Diffusion Pump ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Cascade Type

One of the most important requirements for a high-performance EM, especially an analytical EM using a fine beam probe, is to prevent specimen contamination by providing a clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen. However, in almost all commercial EMs, the pressure in the vicinity of the specimen under observation is usually more than ten times higher than the pressure measured at the punping line. The EM column inevitably requires the use of greased Viton O-rings for fine movement, and specimens and films need to be exchanged frequently and several attachments may also be exchanged. For these reasons, a high speed pumping system, as well as a clean vacuum system, is now required. A newly developed electron microscope, the JEM-100CX features clean high vacuum in the vicinity of the specimen, realized by the use of a CASCADE type diffusion pump system which has been essentially improved over its predeces- sorD employed on the JEM-100C.

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