scholarly journals Perceptions of mothers having children with bronchial asthma regarding inhaler therapy: a qualitative study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Kanai Barik Barik ◽  
Uttam Kumar Paul
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Paediatric Department ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Excessive Crying ◽  
In Parenthesis

Background: Bronchial asthma imposes a significant health burden on the children. Multiple inflammatory mediators are recruited in bronchial asthma. Inhaled corticosteroid therapy is the mainstay of bronchial asthma treatment which is most effective to suppress the inflammatory changes in bronchial airways. The principal issue in proper control of bronchial asthma is adherence to treatment. The objective of the study is to find out the causes of non-adherence to treatment and perceptions of mothers having child with bronchial asthma through a qualitative in-depth interview method. Methods: The study was conducted in the Paediatric Department of Burdwan Medical College, Burdwan, West Bengal. The study was one of qualitative descriptive types involving in depth interviews (IDI) of 27 mothers having children with bronchial asthma. The interviews were translated into English transcripts which were then analyzed to find out suitable codes and categories. Results: From the transcripts we found out eight categories each of which is further divided into several codes. The categories are given here with codes in parenthesis. Initial repercussion (disagreement, habit forming, harmful, future problems), non-willingness to treatment (discontinuation, avoidance and oral medication), hazards during treatment (cost, availability, remote places, lack of time and family crisis), technical difficulties (demonstration, lack of knowledge, and cleaning the device), problem of the baby (irritability, vomiting, and excessive crying), attitude of mother/caregiver (misconception, non-motivation, and worriedness), other modalities of treatment (homeopathy, and ayurvedic medicines), and response to treatment (better feeling, decreased frequency, reduced recurrences, and total cure). Conclusions: Most of the studies dealing with the various factors of non-adherence of treatment of bronchial asthma is not a qualitative approach. In the present study we have applied qualitative in-depth interview approach and able to find out different causes of non-adherence to inhaler therapy of bronchial asthma. In the category "response to therapy", a few of the comments is quite encouraging and fully support the modern views of the management of bronchial asthma. 

scholarly journals On the effectiveness of inpatient treatment of children with comorbid pathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Oleg E. Konovalov ◽  
A.A. Modestov ◽  
I.A. Ulishchenko ◽  
R.A. Gudkov
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Medical Aid ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization

Introduction. A comprehensive approach in providing of medical aid to a child with comorbid pathology is intended to mean that child receives high-quality diagnostics, treatment, rehabilitation and informational support in the full extent in regard to all the diseases child has. The main problems of this category of patients are need of expanding treatment and diagnostic activities, attracting of consultants and also increasing of resource costs and breakdown of response to treatment. The goal of research is to study the efficiency of hospital treatment of children with comorbidities in complex examination and treatment. Material and methods. It was examined 616 children aged 7-14 years, hospitalized for asthma. At the same time, 368 children had comorbidities. One half of patients with comorbid pathology received a comprehensive examination and taking into account comorbidities, the other half - a standard set of examination and treatment of the main disease. The survey of parents and catamnestic observation of patients for 1 year was carried out. Results. The presence of comorbidities in children with bronchial asthma, in particular the obesity and gastroenterological diseases, has a significant negative impact on the course of asthma, the efficiency of its therapy and the need for medical aid. The results of the study showed that children with high levels of comorbidity have more frequent and prolonged hospitalizations. Comprehensive screening and early treatment of comorbidities reduces the incidence of exacerbations, the risk of emergency hospitalizations and improves asthma control. Discussion. An increase in the duration of hospitalization of patients with comorbid pathology may be associated with a severity of the main illness and a lower rate of response to therapy, possibly with reduced compliance. Although the presence of comorbidities contributes to the lengthening of hospitalization, a comprehensive examination and treatment does not increase the duration of the child’s stay in the hospital. Conclision. The expansion of diagnostic and therapeutic actions in relation to concomitant diseases in a patient with bronchial asthma within the framework of hospitalization increases the clinical and economic efficiency of treatment measures, reduces the subsequent burden on the hospital and out-patient hospital, increases the assessment of medical care by parents and their adherence to the prescribed treatment.

scholarly journals Adherence with the standard treatment regimen for the treatment of COVID-19 patients in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Elora Sharmin ◽  
Md Sharfuddin Ahmed ◽  
Md Rasul Amin ◽  
Md Nazmul Hasan ◽  
Sayeda Papia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Guidelines Adherence ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Standard Treatment Regimen

The present study was conducted to evaluate the adherence to standard treatment regimen in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) for the treatment of corona virus disease 19 (COVID-19) patients. The study assessed the awareness of prescribers, adherence to treatment guidelines and reasons for non-adherence. A questionnaire survey was conducted followed by a retrospective and prospective medical review and in-depth interview. The study revealed that 79.9% of key prescribers are aware of treatment guidelines. Adherence was 28.4% in moderate cases and 53.3% in severe cases and difference was highly statistically significant (p<0.001). Adherence in moderate cases was highest in patients with hypertension (43.3%) and lowest in bronchial asthma (16.6%). Adherence in severe cases was highest with diabetes (80%) and lowest in bronchial asthma (20 %). In COVID-19 patients, the adherence was highest with International Guideline (96%), followed by institutional Guideline (74.6%) and National Guideline (23.5%). There is significant variation in extent of adherence in different age group of patients, co-morbidities and categories of guidelines. BSMMU J 2021; 14 (COVID -19 Supplement): 13-18

Etos Kerja Islam Dan Ketahanan Usaha Kerajinan Tangan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ubaidillah ◽  
Misbahul Khoir
Keyword(s):  
Group Discussion ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
The People ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Village ◽  
Collection Methods

The objectives of research include; first, to describe what local Islamic working ethos are as the basis for the resilience of songkok, whip and slap handicraft businesses in Serah Panceng Gresik Village. Second, to describe the resilience of the songkok, whip and slap handicraft business in the village of Serah Panceng Gresik. This study is a qualitative-descriptive study with the aim of understanding the phenomena experienced by the subject of research including behavior, perception, motivation, and action holistically by utilizing various scientific methods. Data collection methods include; Observation, In-depth Interview or Focus Group Discussion, Documentation. Data analysis techniques include: processing and preparing data for analysis, reading the entire data, analyzing in more detail by coding data, considering detailed instructions that can help the coding process, giving descriptions that will be presented in the report, interpreting and interpreting data. The results showed that in Serah Village local Islamic working ethos were preserved by the community, such as alms giving, reading dziba', reading tahlil, attending haul akbar, and reading sholawat together every Friday. Although in the tradition it does not involve songkok, whip, and slap directly, there is a good impact to support the resilience of songkok, but not whip, and slap production. Religious rituals by praying together asking Allah to facilitate and carry out business in production songkok, whip, and slap are an expression of gratitude for what God gave to the people of Serah Village. All economic activity done by Serah community is meant to get God’s willing. Keywords: Islamic Working Ethos, Handicraft Businesses

Melanoma: Prognostic Factors and Factors Predictive of Response to Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 2792-2813
Author(s):  
Martina Strudel ◽  
Lucia Festino ◽  
Vito Vanella ◽  
Massimiliano Beretta ◽  
Francesco M. Marincola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Programmed Death

Background: A better understanding of prognostic factors and biomarkers that predict response to treatment is required in order to further improve survival rates in patients with melanoma. Predictive Biomarkers: The most important histopathological factors prognostic of worse outcomes in melanoma are sentinel lymph node involvement, increased tumor thickness, ulceration and higher mitotic rate. Poorer survival may also be related to several clinical factors, including male gender, older age, axial location of the melanoma, elevated serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase and S100B. Predictive Biomarkers: Several biomarkers have been investigated as being predictive of response to melanoma therapies. For anti-Programmed Death-1(PD-1)/Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitors, PD-L1 tumor expression was initially proposed to have a predictive role in response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. However, patients without PD-L1 expression also have a survival benefit with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, meaning it cannot be used alone to select patients for treatment, in order to affirm that it could be considered a correlative, but not a predictive marker. A range of other factors have shown an association with treatment outcomes and offer potential as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy, including immune infiltration, chemokine signatures, and tumor mutational load. However, none of these have been clinically validated as a factor for patient selection. For combined targeted therapy (BRAF and MEK inhibition), lactate dehydrogenase level and tumor burden seem to have a role in patient outcomes. Conclusions: With increasing knowledge, the understanding of melanoma stage-specific prognostic features should further improve. Moreover, ongoing trials should provide increasing evidence on the best use of biomarkers to help select the most appropriate patients for tailored treatment with immunotherapies and targeted therapies.

scholarly journals Implementing Personalized Medicine in COVID-19 in Andalusia: An Opportunity to Transform the Healthcare System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Joaquín Dopazo ◽  
Douglas Maya-Miles ◽  
Federico García ◽  
Nicola Lorusso ◽  
Miguel Ángel Calleja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Specific Patient

The COVID-19 pandemic represents an unprecedented opportunity to exploit the advantages of personalized medicine for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, surveillance and management of a new challenge in public health. COVID-19 infection is highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic infections to severe, life-threatening manifestations. Personalized medicine can play a key role in elucidating individual susceptibility to the infection as well as inter-individual variability in clinical course, prognosis and response to treatment. Integrating personalized medicine into clinical practice can also transform health care by enabling the design of preventive and therapeutic strategies tailored to individual profiles, improving the detection of outbreaks or defining transmission patterns at an increasingly local level. SARS-CoV2 genome sequencing, together with the assessment of specific patient genetic variants, will support clinical decision-makers and ultimately better ways to fight this disease. Additionally, it would facilitate a better stratification and selection of patients for clinical trials, thus increasing the likelihood of obtaining positive results. Lastly, defining a national strategy to implement in clinical practice all available tools of personalized medicine in COVID-19 could be challenging but linked to a positive transformation of the health care system. In this review, we provide an update of the achievements, promises, and challenges of personalized medicine in the fight against COVID-19 from susceptibility to natural history and response to therapy, as well as from surveillance to control measures and vaccination. We also discuss strategies to facilitate the adoption of this new paradigm for medical and public health measures during and after the pandemic in health care systems.

Molecular Targeting of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor B by Imatinib Mesylate in a Patient With Metastatic Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 3586-3591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P. Rubin ◽  
Scott M. Schuetze ◽  
Janet F. Eary ◽  
Thomas H. Norwood ◽  
Sohail Mirza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Imatinib Mesylate ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Resected Specimen ◽  
Factor B

PURPOSE: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is caused by activation of the platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB) receptor, a transmembrane tyrosine kinase. We investigated the response of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A patient with unresectable, metastatic dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans received imatinib mesylate (400 mg bid). Response to therapy was assessed by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and histopathologic and immunohistochemical evaluation. RESULTS: The patient was treated for 4 months with imatinib mesylate. The hypermetabolic uptake of FDG fell to background levels within 2 weeks of treatment, and the tumor volume shrank by over 75% during the 4 months of therapy, allowing for resection of the mass. There was no residual viable tumor in the resected specimen, indicating a complete histologic response to treatment with imatinib mesylate. CONCLUSION: Imatinib mesylate is highly active in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. The dramatic response seen in this patient demonstrates that inhibition of PDGFB receptor tyrosine kinase activity can significantly impact viability of at least one type of solid tumor.

Deep Learning In Medical Imaging And Drug Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surayya Ado Bala ◽  
Shri Ojha Kant ◽  
Adamu Garba Yakasai
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Surrogate Endpoint ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Medical Diagnostic

Over the last decade, deep learning (DL) methods have been extremely successful and widely used in almost every domain. Researchers are now focusing on the convergence of medical imaging and drug design using deep learning to revolutionize medical diagnostic and improvement in the monitoring from response to therapy. DL a new machine learning paradigm that focuses on learning with deep hierarchical models of data. Medical imaging has transformed healthcare science, it was thought of as a diagnostic tool for disease, but now it is also used in drug design. Advances in medical imaging technology have enabled scientists to detect events at the cellular level. The role of medical imaging in drug design includes identification of likely responders, detection, diagnosis, evaluation, therapy monitoring, and follow-up. A qualitative medical image is transformed into a quantitative biomarker or surrogate endpoint useful in drug design decision-making. For this, a parameter needs to be identified that characterizes the disease baseline and its subsequent response to treatment. The result is a quantifiable improvement in healthcare quality in most therapeutic areas, resulting in improvements in quality and duration of life. This paper provides an overview of recent studies on applying the deep learning method in medical imaging and drug design. We briefly discuss the fields related to the history of deep learning, medical imaging, and drug design.

A Descriptive Study on Serum IgE and Absolute Eosinophil Count in Children with Bronchial Asthma Attending the Paediatric Department of a Medical College in Central Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (33) ◽  
pp. 3097-3103
Author(s):  
Sajna Gamaly Leela ◽  
Menon Narayanankutty Sunilkumar ◽  
Ramaraj Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Eosinophil Count ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Serum Ige ◽  
Absolute Eosinophil Count ◽  
Paediatric Department

BACKGROUND Bronchial asthma is a major public health concern especially in the paediatric population. An elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE) level is considered as an objective marker of allergy. Because IgE is a mediator of allergic response, quantitative measurement of IgE together with other clinical markers, can provide useful information for the differentiation between atopic and non-atopic diseases. In this study, we wanted to determine serum IgE and absolute eosinophil count (AEC) levels and correlate both levels with severity of asthma in children in the age group of 2 - 15 years admitted in the paediatric department. METHODS This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. After taking the informed consent from the parent or guardian, relevant information on asthmatic symptoms and severity, other associated manifestations, precipitating factors, and family history of asthma were recorded in a pre-designed proforma. A total of 65 children (age group 2 – 15 years old) with bronchial asthma were studied. Investigations such as hemogram and serum IgE levels were determined. Asthma severity was assessed according to global initiative for asthma (GINA) guidelines. RESULTS Among 65 children, 69.2 % were boys. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that total IgE cut-off concentration of 168 IU/ml, distinguishes children with intermittent asthma from those with mild persistent disease. IgE cut-off concentration of 989 IU/ml distinguishes mild persistent from those with moderate persistent asthma. Both showed adequate or good diagnostic efficacy. Cut off value of 168 IU/ml may prove useful in practice, indicating that 75 % of children in intermittent group will have serum concentration of total IgE < 168 IU/ml. No association was observed between AEC and increasing severity of asthma. Only atopic dermatitis with asthma showed increasing trend of IgE levels. CONCLUSIONS Asthmatic children with higher asthma severity have a higher serum total IgE concentration (168 IU/ml and 989 IU/ml are the cut off values for differentiating intermittent from mild persistent and mild persistent from moderate persistent). KEYWORDS Serum IgE, Absolute Eosinophil Count, Childhood Asthma, Asthma Severity

scholarly journals Genetics of HUS: the impact of MCP, CFH, and IF mutations on clinical presentation, response to treatment, and outcome

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 1267-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Caprioli ◽  
Marina Noris ◽  
Simona Brioschi ◽  
Gaia Pianetti ◽  
Federica Castelletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Factor H ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Complement Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy with manifestations of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal impairment. Genetic studies have shown that mutations in complement regulatory proteins predispose to non–Shiga toxin–associated HUS (non-Stx–HUS). We undertook genetic analysis on membrane cofactor protein (MCP), complement factor H (CFH), and factor I (IF) in 156 patients with non-Stx–HUS. Fourteen, 11, and 5 new mutational events were found in MCP, CFH, and IF, respectively. Mutation frequencies were 12.8%, 30.1%, and 4.5% for MCP, CFH, and IF, respectively. MCP mutations resulted in either reduced protein expression or impaired C3b binding capability. MCP-mutated patients had a better prognosis than CFH-mutated and nonmutated patients. In MCP-mutated patients, plasma treatment did not impact the outcome significantly: remission was achieved in around 90% of both plasma-treated and plasma-untreated acute episodes. Kidney transplantation outcome was favorable in patients with MCP mutations, whereas the outcome was poor in patients with CFH and IF mutations due to disease recurrence. This study documents that the presentation, the response to therapy, and the outcome of the disease are influenced by the genotype. Hopefully this will translate into improved management and therapy of patients and will provide the way to design tailored treatments.

scholarly journals Deliberative Debates in Investors Penetration Area: A Case Study of Village Deliberation by Village Consultative Board (BPD) in Caturtunggal Village, Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Husen Wijaya Abd. Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Elite Capture ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Democracy Theory ◽  
Descriptive Method

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p>This study focuses on deliberative democracy practices in Caturtunggal village, specifically in the sub-village (<em>dusun</em>) of Seturan, Karangwuni, and Ambarukmo. The study assesses the quality of deliberation in these dusun by applying the three out of  five indicators of deliberative democracy theory by Fishkin (2009), namely information, subtantantive balance, and equal consideration. This study deploys qualitative descriptive method and case-study approach with in-depth interview as the main data gathering technique. This deliberation has put Village Consultative Board (BPD) period of 2013-2019 as a mediator and to consider arguments and deliberative results. Based on the indicators which proposed by Fishkin, Seturan and Ambarukmo are categorized for having semi-ideal deliberation, meanwhile Karangwuni is categorized as not ideal. The study also finds elite capture practices in Seturan and Karangwuni, but they do not impact significantly. </p></div></div></div>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document