scholarly journals A study on patterns of physical activity among medical interns in a teaching Hospital in Secunderabad, Telangana

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2249
Author(s):  
Himabindu Moluguri ◽  
Anupama Pulla ◽  
Vimala Thomas ◽  
Y. Padmavathi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Healthy Life Style ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Medical Interns ◽  
Motivating Factor

Background: Regular physical activity has been regarded as an important component of healthy life style. Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for the development of many non-communicable diseases like hypertension, obesity, diabetes, coronary artery disease etc.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 medical interns to determine the patterns of physical activity and to assess the motivating factors and barriers for physical activity. A pre designed semistructured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was entered into MS excel sheet and analyzed by using Epi Info.7.1.3. Version.Results: In the study about 13% of the participants had BMI≥25.00 kg/m2. About 41.7% of the total study population were engaged in some form of physical activity. Motivating factor for performing physical activity was to maintain good health as seen in 49.2% of the participants. Laziness was the major hindering factor for performing physical activity as seen in 56% of the participants. Gender and BMI had no significant relation with physical activity.Conclusions: Less than half of the study population were engaged in physical activity. Most common type of physical activity was walking/running. Most common motivating and hindering factors for performing physical activity were to maintain good health and laziness respectively. Gender and BMI had no significant relation with physical activity.

Prevalence of Malocclusion among School Children of Biratnagar, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
Nidhi Giri ◽  
Anand Acharya ◽  
Kanika Yadav
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Class I ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Study Population

Introduction: Various forms of malocclusion are a matter of serious concern in Nepalese population. This study was carried out to understand the prevalence of malocclusion among the school children of Biratnagar. The objective of this research is to find out the prevalence of malocclusion of children from different schools of Biratnagar visiting the Pedodontics and Orthodontics department of Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar. Materials and Method: A descriptive cross sectional study method was used in this research. Data was collected by using direct observation of the subjects and occlusal assessment was done according to Angle’s classification and Dewey’s modification types of class I, class II and class III malocclusion. Result: Subjects with normal occlusion was found to be 39 % and with malocclusion was found to be 61%. Among them, class I malocclusion (60%) and angles class II div I subjects (88.33%) were in majority of the total study population. Conclusion: The present study helps to determine the prevalence of malocclusion and need of orthodontic treatment for the school children of Biratnagar

scholarly journals Associated Factors with Adopting Preventive Behaviors for Breast Cancer in Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Marzieh Hajikarimbaba ◽  
Rahman Panahi ◽  
Leila Dehghankar
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Good Level ◽  
Study Population

Background: Considering the remarkable role of students in society and the relatively high prevalence of breast cancer in women, this study aimed to determine the factors related to adopting preventive behaviors for breast cancer in students.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 375 female students of Qazvin city, who were selected by stratified random sampling during the year 2019. Data collection tools included a demographic and contextual questionnaire and a valid and reliable questionnaire for measuring breast cancer preventive behaviors. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software program, descriptive statistics and logistic regression.Results: Using there was a statistically significant relationship between adopting preventive behaviors against breast cancer and physical activity (P <0.001), so that the chances of adopting good preventive behaviors in students with "occasionally", "rarely" and "never" physical activity were respectively 0.410, 0.113, and 0.098 times chance for the students with daily physical activity. There was a significant relationship between breast cancer prevention and academic years (p= 0.027), so that the chances of adopting good-level preventive behaviors in the senior students was 1.498 times higher than the first year students. There was also a significant relationship between adopting preventive behaviors and employment (P = 0.017), so that the chances of adopting good-level preventive behaviors in unemployed students was 1.725 times higher than that of the employed students.Conclusion: Students with lower education and less physical activity and the employed individuals less commonly adopted preventive behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to these students in designing educational programs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and Determinants Among Obese Teachers in Makassar, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurzakiah Hasan MKM ◽  
Veni Hadju ◽  
Nurhaedar Jafar ◽  
Ridwan M. Thaha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is related to the increased risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Teacher profession is an adult group with various risks of NCDs. This study aims to assess the determinants of the MetS in teachers with central obesity. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia with cross- sectional study design on 12 secondary schools. The number of samples in this study was 129 teachers. The prevalence of the MetS was determined using criteria from the Joint Interim Statement, while physical activity and sitting time were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: Respondents in our study were mostly women (78.3%) with an average age of 49.8 years. The prevalence of the MetS in our study population was 39.5%. The prevalence of the Mets was higher in Buginese ethnic (70.6%), respondents with more income (56.9%), bachelor degree (80.4%), married (98%), family history of diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and heart diseases (52.9%), and moderate physical activity (37.3%). There was a significant relationship between sitting time 4 hours; p=0.004), parameters of Mets (p<0.001), LDL (p=0.026), and LDL/HDL ratio (p<0.001) with the Mets. Conclusions: The prevalence of the Mets is high among obese teachers in our study population. Sitting time was an important determinant for MetS among obese teachers.

scholarly journals Study of prevalence and socio-demographic determinants of pterygium in Sub Himalayan region, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3916
Author(s):  
Abhishek Padha ◽  
Prateek Koul ◽  
Swati Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Grade Ii

Background: Pterygium, derived from the Greek work ‘pteryx’, meaning wing is a growth of fibrovascular tissue on the cornea and conjunctiva in the palpebral fissure. The present study was conducted to find out the prevalence and Socio-demographic determinants of pterygium in Sub Himalayan region of Himachal Pradesh, India.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between the months of May-June 2018, in the outpatient department of Ophthalmology of Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Chamba, H.P, India. Among all the patients visiting the OPD in the given duration, a total of 200 patients having Pterygium were selected for the study. Detailed history of the all the patients were taken and required examination was done. Data collected was analysed with Microsoft excel software.Results: Out of the 200 patients, 59% were males and 41% were females. 70% of the total study population were seen in the age group 41-60years. In present study a total of 130 patients (65%) were outdoor workers. Left eye (40.5%) was the eye most frequently involved eye in present study, right eye (36.5%) also both the eyes were involved in 23% of study population. Nasal pterygium was seen in 93%, temporal pterygia 5.5% and double pterygium (both nasal and temporal presentation in same eye) in 1.5% patients. Grade I pterygium was seen in 43.5% patients, grade II in 40% and grade III pterygia were found in 16.5% of the study population.Conclusions: People living in high altitude regions and who work outdoors, are subjected to increased U.V. exposure. So, they must take appropriate precautions like wearing protective glasses and caps etc.

scholarly journals Association between asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis and insulin resistance or diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study in rural Shandong, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001788
Author(s):  
Qiao Wang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhao ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
Xiaokang Ji ◽  
Shaowei Sang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intracranial Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Study Population

IntroductionRecent studies have shown that insulin resistance (IR) is correlated to atherosclerosis development. However, few studies have investigated the association between IR and asymptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis (aICAS).Research design and methodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 2007 rural residents in China who were aged ≥40 years without a clinical history of stroke and transient ischaemic attack. We used transcranial Doppler ultrasonography in combination with magnetic resonance angiography to diagnose aICAS (stenosis ≥50%). IR was defined as a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ≥3.0 based on the 75th percentile for all the participants. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the relationship of diabetic parameters with aICAS in all participants, as well as with aICAS in non-diabetic participants, and further stratified by sex.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, gender, smoking habit, drinking habit, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, raised blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and waist circumference, diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR=2.09, 95% CI 1.31 to 3.32), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (OR=1.34, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.57), and IR (OR=1.75, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.75) were associated with aICAS in the total study population; however, these relationships remained significant only in men after the analyses were stratified by sex (DM: OR=3.40, 95% CI 1.62 to 7.13; FPG: OR=1.64, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.13; IR: OR=3.04, 95% CI 1.44 to 6.42). When further excluding the diabetic participants from the total study population, positive associations between IR and aICAS were similarly observed only in men (OR=4.65, 95% CI 1.69 to 12.82).ConclusionsIR might predict the prevalence of aICAS independently of major cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome components among men living in rural China.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SCREEN TIME: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN ALIGARH, NORTH INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Sameena Ahmad ◽  
Ali Jafar Abedi ◽  
Mohammad Athar Ansari ◽  
Salman Khalil ◽  
Mohd. Najmul Aqib Khan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
School Children ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active

ABSTRACTChildren have been exposed to electronic devices. They grow up thinking that these devices are a part of their daily lives. As they get older, their dependency on such devices grows, even during school days. As a result, their physical activity is hardly handled even until they reach adulthood. This study assessed the frequency of physical activity, duration of screen time, and association between these variables amongst school children. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 school-based adolescents aged 12 to 14 years at A.M.U. High Schools, Aligarh, in July 2018 to June 2019. Students were asked about their physical activity and screen habits by disseminating a self- reported questionnaire. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 20.0. The study found that most of the students had adequate physical activities (75.51%), while the reported screen time duration was also adequate for most (59.1%).The association between the two variables was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). For the students with inadequate frequency of physical activity and enough duration of screen time, interventions should be done both at family and school levels to make them more physically active and better at performing studies and reaping the benefits of good health. Keywords: physical activity, school children, adolescents, screen time

Lens power in Iranian schoolchildren: a population-based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Hashemi ◽  
Reza Pakzad ◽  
Rafael Iribarren ◽  
Mehdi Khabazkhoob ◽  
Mohammad Hassan Emamian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Chamber Depth ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lens Power

AimsTo evaluate lens power (LP) in schoolchildren aged 6–12 years.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Shahroud, northeast Iran. The students were selected through random cluster sampling and underwent the measurements of biometry, uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic refraction. The LP was calculated using the Bennett formula.ResultsOf 6624 invited children, 5620 (84.8%) participated in the study and data of 4870 children were finally analysed. The mean age of the participants was 9.7 years and 2277 participants (46.02%) were girls. The mean LPs were 22.86 dioptres (D) in total study population, 23.91 D in 6 and 22.10 D in 12-year-old children. The mean LP was higher in girls than boys (23.48 D vs 22.34 D), in rural children than urban children (23.17 D vs 22.83 D) and in children with hyperopia (23.25 D) than children with myopia or emmetropia (22.64 D and 22.86 D, respectively). In the multiple linear regression model, lens thickness (β=1.59, p<0.001), anterior chamber depth (β=2.21, p<0.001) and female sex (β=0.016, p=0.015) were associated with an increase in the LP, while axial length (AL) (β=−4.41, p<0.001), corneal power (CP) (β=−1.47, p<0.001), spherical equivalent (SE) (β=−1.50, p<0.001) and age (β=−0.005, p=0.001) were associated with a decrease in the LP. AL and sex had the highest and lowest impact on LP, respectively.ConclusionLP decreased with age between 6 and 12 years and was associated with a shorter AL, deeper ACD, higher SE, thicker lens and lower CP.

scholarly journals Prevalence and determinants of hypertension among pastoralists in Monduli District, Arusha region in Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Gharib Khamis ◽  
Mbazi Senkoro ◽  
Akwilina Wendelin Mwanri ◽  
Katharina Kreppel ◽  
Sayoki Godfrey Mfinanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Monduli District ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Arusha Region

Abstract Background Hypertension is among the growing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in developing countries and the leading cause of death worldwide. Pastoral areas have been identified to be at a higher risk of diseases due to challenges in their daily food production, livelihoods or mobility. Unfortunately, the prevalence of hypertension and the risk factors particularly affecting rural and pastoral populations are not fully understood, making intervention efforts challenging. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and identify the risk factors among adults living in Monduli district in Tanzania. The findings will be useful for the provision of tailored interventions focused on community-specific nutritional and behavioral practices. Methods We conducted a community based cross-sectional study involving a sample of 510 adults aged above 18 years selected using a multistage cluster sampling in the Monduli district of Arusha region, Tanzania. Data were collected by using interviewer-administered questionnaires containing socio-demographic, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption. Anthropometry, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels were measured. A one-day 24 h diet recall was conducted to evaluate the dietary habits of all participants. Both linear and logistic regression analysis were used to identify the independent predictors for hypertension and blood pressure levels. Results The prevalence of hypertension in this study was 25.7% (n = 131, 95% CI; 22.1–29.7). The odds of hypertension increased with being male (AOR = 1.75, 95%CI, 1.06–2.88), belonging to the older age group of 30–39 year olds (AOR = 3.3, 95%CI, 1.76–6.38), 40–59 year olds (AOR = 3.34, 95%CI, 1.75–6.37) and ≥ 60 year olds (AOR = 4.2, 95%CI, 2.02–8.87), being overweight or obese (AOR = 3.37, 95%CI, 1.18–9.62), have more hours spent sedentary (AOR = 3.19, 95%CI, 1.61–6.32), and consumption of fatty foods (AOR = 2.23, 95%CI, 1.27–3.93). The odds for hypertension was significantly reduced among participants who reported higher income (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI, 0.25–0.91), high level of physical activity (AOR = 0.55, 95%CI, 0.31–0.96) and those reported to consume fruit (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI, 0.18–0.77). Consumption of cereals was negatively associated with levels of SBP (β = − 17.4, 95% CI, − 23.8; − 11.0) and DBP (β = − 6.6, 95% CI, − 11.5,-1.79). Conclusion About one in every four adults living in pastoral communities have been found to have hypertension in this study. Our findings suggest that older age, obesity or overweight, low physical activity, low income, and consumption of fatty foods increase the risk of hypertension among study population. Their diet was dominated by cereals with moderate intake of meat and milk and low fruits. There is a need to promote physical activities and consumption of fruits in the study population in order to fight against hypertension. Further research should be done to confirm the associations.

scholarly journals ELECTION, STORAGE AND IODINE SALT QUALITY IN THE FAMILY LEVEL IN TIMBULHARJO VILLAGE, SEWON DISTRICT, BANTUL REGENCY, YOGYAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Nurul Laila ◽  
Waryana Waryana ◽  
Abidillah Mursyid
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iodized Salt ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
A Value ◽  
Study Population

One factor of IDD (Iodine Deficiency Disorders) is the lack consumptionof iodine, eitheriodinecomes from foodorsaltthat has beenfortified withiodine. Behavior ofhousewivesin selectingandstoringsaltshould be appropriatetomaintainthe quality ofsalt. Objective of the research to determine the manner of selection, methods of storage, the quality of iodized salt, and the Differences in the quality of iodized salt by way of elections and salt storage by housewives.Type of research is observational research in the form of analytic survey with cross sectional study design. The sample was selected using proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected in May 2015 in the Mriyan Orchard by conduct home visits, with a total study population of 410 households and the number of samples used as much as 78 households. This research was analyzed using Chi-square test.The results showed differences in the quality of iodized salt by way of elections and salt storage in the Mriyan Orchard with a value of p <0.05. Based on the descriptive results, it is known that the election of salt housewife compliance (89.7%), as well as salt storage means compliance (70.5%), the quality of iodized salt in the Mriyan Orchard reach the target the use of iodized salt for all (92.3%). There is a differences in the quality of iodized salt by way of elections (p = 0.000). Then, there is a differences in the quality of iodized salt by salt storage (p = 0.003)

scholarly journals Attitudes of faculty members towards using e-learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Akbarilakeh ◽  
Alireza Razzaghi ◽  
Hoseein Delavar Pour Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Attitude Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Electronic Learning ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean

Background: Faculty member’s attitude is one of the most important factors in the success of electronic learning. Understanding the attitudes of teachers toward e-learning can lead to an appropriate learning environment. This study aimed at examining the attitude of faculty members towards e-Learning at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2016. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 334 faculty members from the faculties of university were selected by random stratified sampling method and their attitude was assessed by questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: The mean age of subjects was 49.09 (SD = 7.41). Of the total study population, 57.75% (190) were males and 42.25% (139) were females. The highest mean score among the dimensions of attitude assessment was related to sense of enjoyment with a mean of 29.26 (SD = 0.71) and the lowest mean related to self-efficacy (mean = 5.96) (SD = 0.82). Conclusion: The results of this study show that the attitude of faculty members is positive towards using appropriate e-learning. However, more studies are needed to assess the obstacles and approaches to improve the attitude of faculty members towards e-learning.

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