scholarly journals Perception of the relationship between temporomandibular dysfunction and orthodontic treatment among Saudi population

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4250
Author(s):  
Deema Al Shammery ◽  
Hiba Alfayez ◽  
Maha Al Bukairi ◽  
Mashael Al Otaibi ◽  
Saja Al Eidan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Temporomandibular Dysfunction ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Treatment Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The consensus about the relationship between temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and orthodontic treatment has gone from a cause and effect association between TMD and orthodontic treatment to the idea that there is no reliable evidence supporting this statement. The objective of the study was to assess the perception of the relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment among Saudi population.Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey about the relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment which was prepared and sent to Saudi population through social medias. Answers were treated by means of descriptive statistics and strong associations between variables were assessed by Fischer’s test.Results: A total of 826 participant were involved in the study and were divided according to age into two groups. Questions about history of receiving orthodontic treatment, knowledge about the tempo-mandibular joint, relationship of orthodontic treatment and TMD and the thought that orthodontic treatment may increase symptoms of TMD were all significant with p<0.005.Conclusion: This study suggests that orthodontists' beliefs about the relationship between orthodontic treatment and TMD are in accordance with scientific evidence only when referring to treatment and prevention of TMD. The majority of orthodontists believe that, despite scientific evidence, orthodontic treatment can cause TMD.

A Cross Sectional Survey on Breast Self Examination Practice, Utilization of Breast Professional Examination, Mammography and Associated Factors in Romagna, Italy

1992 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Ferro ◽  
Annalisa Caroli ◽  
Oriana Nanni ◽  
Annibale Biggeri ◽  
Angelo Gambi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Disease ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Positive History ◽  
Breast Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
The Relationship

In 1988, a cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Romagna region (Italy) to evaluate the association between knowledge of breast pathophysiology and preventive attitudes and screening tests practice for breast cancer. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a sample of asymptomatic women aged 20–64 years living in the city of Faenza (Northern Italy). Of the 657 responders, 58 % reported that they practiced breast self-examination; 55% had had a professional breast examination, and only 9 % had had a mammogram as a screening test. Logistic regression analysis (including variables such as age, education, employment) was performed to explore the relationship between screening tests practice and factors associated with their use. Breast self-examination practice (n = 590) was associated with preventive attitudes (aOR = 1.67, 95°/o CI = 1.09–2.53) and with a positive history of breast disease (aOR = 3.48, 95 % CI = 1.72–7.04). Professional breast examination (n = 480) was related to preventive attitudes (aOR = 2.37, 95 % CI = 1.51–3.71), knowledge of breast pathophysiology (aOR = 2.07, 95 % CI = 1.31–3.28), and use of oral contraceptives (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.12–2.91). Mammography use (n = 540) was associated with preventive attitudes (aOR = 3.08, 95 % CI = 1.40–6.76). The results show an inadequate utilization of screening tests in our population. Breast self-examination is strongly related to a positive history of breast disease, and this could reflect the lack of health educational programs aimed at the general population.

scholarly journals Acceptability of a COVID-19 Vaccine among the Saudi Population

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Eman Ibrahim Alfageeh ◽  
Noor Alshareef ◽  
Khadijah Angawi ◽  
Fahad Alhazmi ◽  
Gowokani Chijere Chirwa
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Refusal ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multifaceted Interventions ◽  
To Receive

To investigate the associated factors underlying vaccination intentions for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), an online cross-sectional survey was conducted among adults 18 years or over in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected between 8 and 14 December 2020. A logistic regression analysis was employed to examine and identify the variables associated with vaccination intentions for COVID-19, with the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) also calculated. A total of 2137 respondents completed the questionnaire. Overall, about 48% of Saudi adults were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants had stronger intentions to receive a vaccination if they resided in the southern region (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.21–3.14), received the seasonal influenza vaccination in the past (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.17–1.97), believed in mandatory COVID-19 vaccination (OR: 45.07; 95% CI: 31.91–63.65), or reported high levels of concern about contracting COVID-19 (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.29–2.81). Participants were less likely to have an intention to be vaccinated if they had a history of vaccine refusal (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.19–0.40). The low acceptance rate among the Saudi population should be targeted with multifaceted interventions aimed at raising awareness and emphasizing the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine.

scholarly journals Perception of the relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment among orthodontists

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Gonzalez da Silveira Coêlho ◽  
Hugo Cesar Pinto Marques Caracas
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Reliable Evidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
E Mail

INTRODUCTION: The consensus about the relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment has gone from a cause and effect association between TMD and orthodontic treatment to the idea that there is no reliable evidence supporting this statement. OBJECTIVE: To assess the beliefs, despite scientific evidence, of Brazilian orthodontists about the relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment with regards to treatment, prevention and etiology of TMD. METHODS: A survey about the relationship between TMD and orthodontic treatment was prepared and sent to Brazilian orthodontists by e-mail and social networks. Answers were treated by means of descriptive statistics and strong associations between variables were assessed by qui-square test. RESULTS: The majority of orthodontists believe that orthodontic treatment not only is not the best treatment option for TMD, but also is not able to prevent TMD. Nevertheless, the majority of orthodontists believe that orthodontic treatment can cause TMD symptoms. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that orthodontists' beliefs about the relationship between orthodontic treatment and TMD are in accordance with scientific evidence only when referring to treatment and prevention of TMD. The majority of orthodontists believe that, despite scientific evidence, orthodontic treatment can cause TMD.

scholarly journals A Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding Knowledge of Mosquito-Borne Infections and Barriers for Protection in Hanoi, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Lorraine Chapot ◽  
Thang Nguyen-Tien ◽  
Long Pham-Thanh ◽  
Hung Nguyen-Viet ◽  
Luke Craven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Feeling ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Dengue is a growing problem in Hanoi, with cyclical epidemics of increasing frequency and magnitude. In June 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional survey using mixed methods to investigate how inhabitants of Hanoi perceive and respond to the risk of mosquito-borne diseases (MBD). A total of 117 participants recruited using a stratified random sampling method were interviewed in three districts of Hanoi. Knowledge and practices (KP) regarding MBDs were assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire. Inferential statistics were used to identify factors associated with KP scores and describe the relationship between variables. Additionally, a “risk-mapping” exercise was conducted in a subsample through semi-structured interviews and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using the System Effects platform. Factors significantly associated with knowledge scores were education and family history of MBDs. While knowledge and practice scores were found to be positively correlated in the statistical analysis, this was not corroborated by our observations on the field. The results also revealed gaps in knowledge about MBDs and vectors and highlighted a general feeling of powerlessness which prevented the adoption of protective behaviors. Therefore, educational interventions which provide concrete tools to empower communities should have a positive impact on improving vector control.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Smile Line in Relation to Age among Saudi Population in Asser Region

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ali AlQarni ◽  
Raid A Almnea ◽  
Waleed S Asiri ◽  
Khalid D Alhendi ◽  
Nabeeh A AlQahtani
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Buccal Corridor

ABSTRACT Introduction Dentofacial appeal and smile are vital to a person's psychosocial well-being. The 'smile line’ is commonly used as a parameter to evaluate and categorize a person's smile. This study was undertaken to determine the parameters for an objective evaluation of smiles and to assess the prevalence of various smile determining parameters in relation to age among Saudi population in Asser region. Materials and methods A cross-sectional survey was designed. A total of 162 study samples participated in the study. A pre-designed proforma was used to evaluate malocclusion which consisted—demographic details, smile line, gingival line, incisal line, lower lip to incisal line, buccal corridor, facial midline and dental midline, shade for upper central incisors and shade for upper lateral incisors. Results The mean age of study participants were 27.07 ± 9.76 years. Majority of the participant, i.e. 52%, had average smile line and 9.3% had very high smile line. 64.8% of the study participants had normal gingival line. Only 2.5% had over, incisal line whereas 77.2 had normal incisal line. Majority (88.3%) of the participants had normal lower lip to incisal line. 44.4% had small buccal corridor. Conclusion There is scientific evidence that a certain smile line/tooth arrangement is the most common parameter which can be applied for treatment planning purposes. These results underline the importance of the smile line when restoring a patient's intraoral harmony. The clinician should aim for these parameters for an esthetic and functional balance. How to cite this article AlQarni MA, Almnea RA, Asiri WS, Alhendi KD, AlQahtani NA. Evaluation of Smile Line in Relation to Age among Saudi Population in Asser Region. World J Dent 2014;5(3):157-161.

scholarly journals Do the police really protect and serve the public? Police deviance and public cynicism towards the law in Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwagbenga Michael Akinlabi
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Police Deviance ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Law ◽  
Everyday Problem ◽  
Vicarious Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

This study empirically examines the everyday problem of corrupt policing and other related abuses in Nigeria, and how these deviant behaviours engender public cynicism towards the law. In any democratic society, police officers are expected to be accountable for their actions and inactions. But the perennial problem in Nigeria is that the police are not accountable to anyone. The history of Nigeria policing is littered with accounts of deviance, malevolent attitudes towards the public and failures of the police organization in detecting or disciplining errant officers. Using a sample of 462 participants from a cross-sectional survey, this study examines whether actual or vicarious experiences of police deviance are likely to predict public cynicism towards the law. This current study corroborates previous assertions that the relationship between the police and the public in Nigeria is poor and that police deviance engenders cynicism towards the law. Implications for policymaking and law-abiding behaviour are discussed.

Sleep Reactivity and Psychological Health in Normal Sleepers: the moderating role of stress

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason G. Ellis ◽  
Sarah Allen ◽  
Michael Perlis ◽  
Michael Grandner ◽  
Maria Gardani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dysfunctional Cognitions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

The aim of the present study was to determine whether normal sleepers with vulnerability to insomnia, via high sleep reactivity, demonstrate more sleep-related dysfunctional cognitions and behaviours and poorer psychological health compared to those who are not vulnerable. Further, the influence of stress on the relationship between sleep reactivity and psychological health was also examined. A cross-sectional survey of 737 young adult ‘normal’ sleepers from the general population was undertaken. Results indicated normal sleepers vulnerable to insomnia demonstrated more sleep-related dysfunctional cognitions and behaviours as well as poorer psychological health compared to those not vulnerable. Furthermore, the relationship between sleep reactivity and psychological health was moderated by perceived stress over the previous month and life events over the previous year. Therefore, identifying and supporting those who are vulnerable to insomnia may be a fruitful avenue for preventative public health campaign to mitigate both insomnia and poor psychological health.

Uncertainty about cellulitis and unmet patient information needs: a mixed methods study

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp18X697349
Author(s):  
Anna Lalonde ◽  
Emma Teasdale ◽  
Ingrid Muller ◽  
Joanne Chalmers ◽  
Peter Smart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Patient Information Needs ◽  
History Of

BackgroundCellulitis is a common painful infection of the skin and underlying tissues that recurs in approximately a third of cases. Patients’ ability to recover from cellulitis or prevent recurrence is likely to be influenced by their understanding of the condition.AimTo explore patients’ perceptions of cellulitis and their information needs.MethodMixed methods study comprising semi-structured, face-to-face interviews and cross-sectional survey, recruiting through primary care, secondary care and advertising. Adults aged 18 or over with a history of cellulitis (first or recurrent) were invited to complete a survey, take part in an interview or both. Qualitative data was analysed thematically.ResultsThirty interviews were conducted between August 2016 and July 2017. Qualitative data revealed low prior awareness of cellulitis, uncertainty around diagnosis, concern/surprise at the severity of cellulitis, and perceived insufficient information provision. People were surprised they had never heard of the condition and that they had not received advice or leaflets giving self-care information. Some sought information from the internet and found this bewildering. Two hundred and forty surveys were completed (response rate 17%). These showed that, while most people received information on the treatment of cellulitis (60.0%, n = 144), they reported receiving no information about causes (60.8%, n = 146) or prevention of recurrence (73.3%, n = 176).ConclusionThere is a need for provision of basic information for people with cellulitis, particularly being informed of the name of their condition, how to manage acute episodes, and how to reduce risk of recurrence.

Association between Social Media Use for Health Purpose and Depressive Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Survey (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Yun Lee ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Cho Rong Won ◽  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
Jeongwon Baik
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health Purpose

BACKGROUND The use of social media or social networking sites (SNS) is increasing across all age groups, and one of the primary motives of using SNS is to seek health-related information. Although previous research examining the effect of SNS use on depression exist, studies regarding the effect of SNS use for health purpose on depression is limited. OBJECTIVE Our study aims to explore the relationship between SNS use for health purpose and depression across the four age groups (18-34 years old, 35-49 years old, 50-64 years old, and above 65 years old). METHODS A sample of 6,789 adults aged 18 and older was extracted from a 2017 and 2018 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Univariate and bivariate analyses to examine the association between each variable and four age groups were conducted. Multiple linear regression analyses to predict depression level among participants with use of SNS for health purpose were conducted. RESULTS SNS use for health purpose and depression were positively associated for three age groups but not for those 65 years or older (=0.13, P<0.05; =0.08, P<0.05; =0.09, P<0.05). Income and self-reported health status indicated an inverse relationship for all age groups. The relationship with marital status differed based on age group with 18 and 34 years old showing an inverse relationship (=-0.13, P<0.01) while 65 years or older showing a positive relationship (=0.06, P<0.05). Gender was positively associated among those in the 35-49 years old (=0.09, P<0.05) and 65 years or older (=0.07, P<0.05). Being Non-Hispanic White was positively associated with depression among 50-64 years old (=0.07, P<0.001) and 65 years or older (=0.08, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Age-tailored education on determining accurate and reliable information shared via SNS is needed to reduce depressive symptoms.

Evaluating the readiness of mobile technology in Saudi Arabia: An Integrative Perspective with respect to e-health (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alanezi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health System ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Awareness Programs

UNSTRUCTURED E-health system is emerging and providing health services and solutions through different electronic gadgets. Saudi Arabia has launched a program called Saudi Arabia vision 2030, in which providing state-of-the-art health facilities to their citizen is of topmost priority. After all the efforts, the residents of Saudi Arabia are still reluctant for the adaptation of e-health system. The current study was conducted to evaluate the obstacle in adoption of the e-health system through the mobile phones. The current study was cross-sectional survey and was conducted by developing a self-administered structured questionnaire asking the utilization of mobile phone in state of health emergency prior to ask any medical history. Majority of the participants was married and doing jobs in different firms and have their personal mobile phones (p = 0.100, > 0.05) which indicates easily access to the e-health apps. The majority of the participants suffers from either obesity or high blood pressure (p = 0.018, < 0.05) regardless of either history of mental disorder or other family history of mental diseases. The pattern of diseases with mental disorders correlate well with adoption of e-health in government policies. The obstacles in adopting e-health includes fear of the loss of personal data and information (p = 0.0401, < 0.05). Moreover, they did not trust on online medications as the doctor cannot prescribe medicines without seeing physical health of the patient. The current study concluded that by making improvement in policies and proper commercializing the e-health apps together with awareness programs can boast the adoption of e-health in Saudi Arabia.

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