scholarly journals Moderate Islam and the Social Construction of Multi-Ethnic Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-239
Author(s):  
Zaenuddin Hudi Prasojo ◽  
Elmansyah Elmansyah ◽  
Muhammed Sahrin Haji Masri

This article discusses the social construction of culture and inter-ethnic relations within the daily lives of the people of West Kalimantan. Religion and ethnicity have played central roles in the identity dynamics of its multi-ethnic communities; they have also contributed to communal conflicts, with religious and cultural sentiments common throughout the region. Islam has become an important religion in West Kalimantan, as it is practiced by more than half of the province's population. This article explores the local potential of communities and the opportunity to promote better Islamic development in the region's hinterland after the collapse of the Islamic sultanates that had introduced Islam into this region. Data were obtained from ten different locations in Mempawah, Landak, and Sanggau Regencies, all of which are considered part of West Kalimantan's hinterland and are relatively homogenous in their demographics, religions, and customs. Over two years of research, we noted important local potentials and wisdoms in the region, finding that these complemented Islam within local communities' everyday lives. These local potentials and wisdoms included beliefsthat serving food strengthens brotherhood, friendliness is a key to success, lineage is a gift that should be appreciated, and serving guests brings happiness, as well as an ethos that promotes hard work and good manners. Artikel ini didasarkan pada hasil penelitian yang mendalam tentang konstruksi sosial yang meliputi persoalan budaya dan hubungan antar etnis yang menjadi isu penting pada masyarakat Kalimantan Barat. Agama dan etnisitas memiliki peran sentral dalam dinamika identitas kehidupan masyarakat yang multi-etnis ini, sehingga konflik yang didorong oleh sentimen agama dan budaya pun terjadi berulang kali di wilayah ini. Islam yang berkembang di Kalimantan Barat menjadi salah satu agama yang memiliki peran sentral, karena dipeluk oleh lebih dari separuh masyarakat Kalimantan Barat. Artikel ini mendiskusikan tentang bagaimana potensi lokal yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat dan peluang Islam untuk berkembang lebih baik dalam konteks bahwa Islam berkembang di wilayah pedalaman pasca runtuhnya beberapa kesultanan Islam yang berhasil membawa Islam ke pedalaman Kalimantan Barat. Potensi lokal tersebut terungkap dari berbagai kearifan lokal yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat yang ditemukan dalam penelitian selama kurun waktu dua tahun. Data diperoleh dari sepuluh titik lokasi yang berbeda di wilayah Kabupaten Mempawah, Kabupaten Landak, dan Kabupaten Sanggau yang dianggap sebagai pedalaman Kalimantan Barat. Daerah – daerah tersebut adalah wilayah pedesaan yang memiliki homogenitas penduduk, baik dari segi suku, agama, dan adat istiadat. Beberapa bentuk potensi lokal yang bersambut dengan Islam dari kalangan masyarakat lokal meliputi kepercayaan terhadap kulinari yang dapat mempererat persaudaraan, tradisi warisan budaya untuk persahabatan dengan alam sebagai kunci kesuksesan, keturunan sebagai anugerah yang tidak boleh ditolak, memuliakan tamu sebagai kunci kebahagiaan, bekerja keras, dan tata karma yang tinggi. 

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-239
Author(s):  
Zaenuddin Hudi Prasojo ◽  
Elmansyah Elmansyah ◽  
Muhammed Sahrin Haji Masri

This article discusses the social construction of culture and inter-ethnic relations within the daily lives of the people of West Kalimantan. Religion and ethnicity have played central roles in the identity dynamics of its multi-ethnic communities; they have also contributed to communal conflicts, with religious and cultural sentiments common throughout the region. Islam has become an important religion in West Kalimantan, as it is practiced by more than half of the province's population. This article explores the local potential of communities and the opportunity to promote better Islamic development in the region's hinterland after the collapse of the Islamic sultanates that had introduced Islam into this region. Data were obtained from ten different locations in Mempawah, Landak, and Sanggau Regencies, all of which are considered part of West Kalimantan's hinterland and are relatively homogenous in their demographics, religions, and customs. Over two years of research, we noted important local potentials and wisdoms in the region, finding that these complemented Islam within local communities' everyday lives. These local potentials and wisdoms included beliefsthat serving food strengthens brotherhood, friendliness is a key to success, lineage is a gift that should be appreciated, and serving guests brings happiness, as well as an ethos that promotes hard work and good manners. Artikel ini didasarkan pada hasil penelitian yang mendalam tentang konstruksi sosial yang meliputi persoalan budaya dan hubungan antar etnis yang menjadi isu penting pada masyarakat Kalimantan Barat. Agama dan etnisitas memiliki peran sentral dalam dinamika identitas kehidupan masyarakat yang multi-etnis ini, sehingga konflik yang didorong oleh sentimen agama dan budaya pun terjadi berulang kali di wilayah ini. Islam yang berkembang di Kalimantan Barat menjadi salah satu agama yang memiliki peran sentral, karena dipeluk oleh lebih dari separuh masyarakat Kalimantan Barat. Artikel ini mendiskusikan tentang bagaimana potensi lokal yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat dan peluang Islam untuk berkembang lebih baik dalam konteks bahwa Islam berkembang di wilayah pedalaman pasca runtuhnya beberapa kesultanan Islam yang berhasil membawa Islam ke pedalaman Kalimantan Barat. Potensi lokal tersebut terungkap dari berbagai kearifan lokal yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat yang ditemukan dalam penelitian selama kurun waktu dua tahun. Data diperoleh dari sepuluh titik lokasi yang berbeda di wilayah Kabupaten Mempawah, Kabupaten Landak, dan Kabupaten Sanggau yang dianggap sebagai pedalaman Kalimantan Barat. Daerah – daerah tersebut adalah wilayah pedesaan yang memiliki homogenitas penduduk, baik dari segi suku, agama, dan adat istiadat. Beberapa bentuk potensi lokal yang bersambut dengan Islam dari kalangan masyarakat lokal meliputi kepercayaan terhadap kulinari yang dapat mempererat persaudaraan, tradisi warisan budaya untuk persahabatan dengan alam sebagai kunci kesuksesan, keturunan sebagai anugerah yang tidak boleh ditolak, memuliakan tamu sebagai kunci kebahagiaan, bekerja keras, dan tata karma yang tinggi. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Elyta Elyta ◽  
Herlan Herlan

Objective - Singkawang City, which is located in the Province of West Kalimantan-Indonesia, is a city with a significant level of ethnic heterogeneity, making it very vulnerable to various conflicts. However, in 2018, Singkawang City was named the most tolerant city in Indonesia through an assessment from the Setara Institute. For this reason, this study was conducted to analyze the political form of harmony and social capital, E-government as a Tolerant City in Singkawang City. Methodology – The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with literature study as a data collection method. Data analysis was carried out in stages, namely collecting data, summarizing data, and making conclusions. This study finds that the form of political harmony is the intense collaboration be-tween state actors, the Religious Harmony Forum, and the community. Findings – Interaction and commu-nicative relationships complement and strengthen each other. As the main actor, the people of Singkawang City have also seen and understood that they have diverse perspectives to avoid discrimination and intolerance. In addition, there are also forms of social capital created from the relationship between ethnic communities in Singkawang City, namely in the form of general norms and group characteristics.Therefore, it is concluded that the success of the Singkawang City government in making its area the most tolerant city in Indonesia from the Setara Institute in 2018 cannot be separated from the social capital owned by each tribe to live side by side in harmony with high values. spirit of tolerance. Novelty – In addition, e-government and knowledge management are also important points in the formation of a tolerant society in Singkawang City which has people from various backgrounds. Type of Paper - Review Keywords: political harmony; social capital; tolerant city; e-government JEL Classification: G32, H79. URI: http://gatrenterprise.com/GATRJournals/JFBR/vol6.1_2.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.35609/jfbr.2021.6.1(2) Pages 51 – 61


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  

Culture is the values that constitute the unity of life, thought and belief that a society creates in the historical and social development process. These values, which determine the lifestyle of a nation, people and society, have been passed down from generation to generation. The unique life models, art, morality, laws and order of the society determine the culture of that society and shape the daily lives of the people who make up the society. When the social structure and life of different nations are examined, it is noteworthy that the cultures differ significantly and diverge from each other. While human beings adapt to all kinds of changes with the instinct of survival, they consciously or unconsciously keep pace with their social life in order to continue their social life within the changing cultural structure. Fikret Mualla, a Turkish painter, was born in 1903, until his mid-thirties naturally lived and produced works by being influenced by Turkish culture and society. Although he went abroad for a short time many times during this period, he went to Paris in 1939 and lived there for twenty-six years. During this long period, his art, like himself, was influenced by the culture he lived in, and he reflected the daily life in Paris and artistic expression forms on his works. Cafes, circuses and streets in Paris have become the main subject of the artist's works. To analyze the effects of contemporary life in the context of cultural change through artists and works of art; It is aimed to contribute to the relevant literature by examining the changes brought by the French culture and life in Fikret Mualla's works. In addition, it is aimed to examine how the cultural difference affects the works of the artist in question in terms of subject and technique. Qualitative research methods and techniques were used in the study in which general scanning model was used. Keywords: Culture, Turkish Art, Fikret Mualla


ASKETIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imam Yuliadi

Education function to develop the ability and form the character and civilization of a dignified nation in order to educate the nation’s life. This is in line with the values and norms of Indonesian society is far from materialism, But along with the influx of globalization and modernization, the value and meaning of education is often biased. The occurrence of bias in the interpretation of the meaning of education is caused by social change. research of education bias in Bima community gives an idea how education values can not be interpreted well by a society. Peter L Berger is one of the sociologists who discussed the whole process of social construction. Using the social construction theory of Peter L Berger, it can be seen that the people of Bima undergo a process of social change consisting of; (a) Changes in education patterns in Bima from Islamic education to secular education, (b) Conversion of society’s high social status, related to education which is a social construction process in Bima society about one’s social status. So from the analysis can be seen that education for the community Bima has a very important role in determining the position of a person’s social status. Keywords: Value of Education, Social Construction, Society of Bima


2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Festić

AbstractThe paper discusses the possibilities of building a framework for conceptualization and understanding of the effects of the atrocities committed upon the collapse of ‘ex-Yugoslavia’. It relates the war-horrors and personal and collective traumas to the everyday of the people(s) of both the communist and post-communist times, and includes empirical cross-references from the social relations, cultural, educational and political contexts while revealing the ambivalent meanings of the ‘ghosts of the past’ and of their ‘return’. In rethinking the notions of the signifier, representation, the abject from the social/the symbolic, the text argues for the centrality of memory work based on victims’ experiences and their articulation in public spaces in the post-war societies. Envisioning the move forward and safer inter-ethnic relations on the discussed territories argues for individual responsibility in the processes of (re)construction and (re)formation of complex personal, collective and national identities, lived memory and institutions and in attempts to inter- and intracommunicate the particularized units.


Kandai ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
NFN Musfeptial

This research entitled ”Socio-Economic Conflict in Novel Batas Antara Keinginan dan Kenyataanby Akmal Nasery Basral”. The border regions of the country, such as Entikong in West Kalimantan, are important areas because there are cross-border boundary post which is the entrance of people from Indonesia and Malaysia. In addition, there are also dozens of paths that become the entrance to the country of Malaysia. Banayak conflicts that occur in national borders, such as social and economic conflicts. This is also the reason why research on this novel is interesting and important to do. This study aims to obtain a complete description of the social and economic conflicts of the novel. The theory used in this kajain is the theory of sociology of literature This research is a qualitative research with descriptive research method of analysis. Data analysis shows the social and economic conflicts of this novel. The social conflict in this novel is seen from the conflict between Otiq and the people in Ponti Tembawang. This social conflict is rooted in the business of smuggling labor abroad. Meanwhile, the economic conflict. Rooted in the control of trade on the border. 


Author(s):  
Widhya Ninsiana

This article discusses the issues around the socio-cultural phenomenon that employ interdisciplinary studies between linguistics, anthropology and sociology to study the linguistic behaviors of the Lampungese society in a way to grasp their worldview. The data were technically collected through observation and literature reviews to bring out the voices and experiences of the people who mostly affected by the concept of Piil Pesenggiri, of people whose voices have been missing in literature and debate. The production and reproduction of identity through Piil Pesenggiri seems to remain a finding tradition exist among the Lampungese which primarily resulted both demographic and the local political change allowing emergence of a capitalist strategy "retreatment" used as a form of resistance against the transmigrants. It is not a secret anymore that Piil Pesenggiri which many of us understood as the life philosophy of Lampungese triggers negative stigma amongst other shared races or tribes of transmigrants, it is a shift of viewing piil as a mere "cultural shield" or cultural fortress within their social relations. It then becomes clear that the worldview of the social facts of the community as well as segregation that plunges into the socio-political aspects of society including education, cultural symbols, the political flow of identification of social structures. Todays, the existence of Piil Pesenggiri ethnolinguistically is deemed to reflect cultural capital, a static and contextual product of identity which cannot be separated from the people (ulun) Lampung. The empirical information obtained by this research is expected to be utilized by various stakeholders concerning the problem of relations between ethnic groups in taking the attitude, policy and purposes of a scholarship. Such studies are of course useful not only for reconciliation to conflicts involving the ethnic communities, but also to the ability to maintain a well-created social harmony as well.


Author(s):  
Sajeela Perveen ◽  
Sohail Akhtar ◽  
Muhammad Usman Niaz

Abstract The primary aim of this paper is to explore how Sufis played their positive role and worked to uplift the society through their teachings. This article primarily deals with the socio-economic contribution of Sufis in the society of District Muzaffargarh. The Sufis played an important role in the social construction of the new society as representatives of the Islam. Many well-known Sufis arrived in this region and had done splendid job in the preaching of Islam but also worked for the welfare of the society through their socio-economic support to the people. After the advent of Islam and they proved the torch bearer of Islam during the period of darkness. They worked for the prosperity of the society and abolished all kind of differences among the mankind. Humanism was basic task of their preaching and they created cultural and mutual cooperation and understanding among the people. People became best companion of each other without any discrimination. Muzaffargarh District was an important and well-populated district between the two rivers and the land was fertile. People accepted the message of peace and humanity and Islam spread rapidly. The credit of this dispensation goes to the noble Sufis. This research paper highlights the socio-economic services of Sufis in Muzaffargarh.  


2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (Especial) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Norman Garrido

This paper shows the Developmental Research Sequence Method (DRS Method) developed by James Spradley. This procedure is among one of the most important global approaches in qualitative research. The strategy of Spradley was designed in a didactic way to guide the work of junior researchers whose main technique for the collection of data is the ethnographic interview. The fieldwork turns the observer into a research tool. Thus, there are necessary procedural recommendations for the proper study of the people in their life settings such as workplaces, neighborhoods, hospitals and schools, among others, spaces where individuals develop their daily lives. The basic orientations for the observation and the processing of the information are shown in a sequence of steps. The data comes from the study of phenomena, related to various branches of the social and health sciences, where people are studied in their life context  The steps in this method create frameworks that guide the way to perform the analysis of the information. Hence, the researcher receives suggestions that place him constantly between the analysis of data and the collection of information in the field work. The use of this type of recursive technique allows him to adapt the observation, based on the questions and objectives of the study that has been carried out. It is of great help for obtaining data to guide the research towards connected results in the process of knowing, describing and getting recommendations to intervene in the contexts studied.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Laura Andri Retno Martini

Folklore is a story of the past that characterizes every nation with its diverse cultures, including the rich culture and history of each nation. The folklore that tells incest is found all over the world. In almost all ethnic groups there is an incest first mythology. Versions are submitted vary, depending on the social life of the community. Bujang Munang and Oedipus are cultural myth stories that have the theme of the origin of the incest ban. Oedipus is a myth that developed in Greece while Bujang Munang is a myth that developed in Nanga Serawai Santang district of West Kalimantan. There is a linkage of the basic structure of the narrative in the story of Oedipus and Bujang Munang. Incest behavior is also not allowed to occur in the norms of life of Greek society and the people of West Kalimantan. There will be unfavorable consequences for incest and surrounding people if the rule is violated.


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