Aspects of Use Of Waste Fuel and Energy Complex and Chemical Industry in the Production of Ceramic Bricks

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Z. Abdrakhimov ◽  
A.V. Kolpakov
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Chemical Wastes

One of the most promising areas for the use of waste production is ─ involving them recycled as raw materials for the production of ceramic bricks. The use of waste fuel and energy complex (inter-shale clay) and chemical wastes (alumosilicate sludge) in the production of ceramic bricks promotes recycling of industrial waste, environment, expansion of raw materials base for production of ceramic building materials. Developed innovative proposals for reducing negative impacts of toxic waste processing on environmental objects, which novelty is confirmed by Patents of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Mixed magnesian binders using local silicate waste production

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (4) ◽  
pp. 042035
Author(s):  
E Lytkina
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Material Component ◽  
Additional Processing ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Abstract Today, the waste of the mining industry is more than 8 billion tons. Analysis of the literature data showed that most of the man-made waste that is generated as a result of the development of mineral deposits is suitable for use in many industries, in particular, in the production of building materials. The use of technogenic raw materials allows us to solve the following tasks: Environmental aspect - reducing the number of dumps and reducing their volumes. And this, in turn, improves the ecology of regions and territories. 2. Economic aspect - reducing the cost of construction products through the use of almost free raw materials, the release of more competitive products. Of course, it is necessary to provide that part of the costs will be spent on additional processing, revision, activation, modification of this technogenic raw material component. But today we have to think about how to clear the territory of substandard “waste rock” and use it to reduce the production and consumption of natural raw materials. A similar process can create waste-free production.

scholarly journals UTILIZATION OF GYPSUM-BEARING WASTES IN MATERIALS OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY AND OTHER AREAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Nataliya Alfimova ◽  
Sevda Pirieva ◽  
A. Titenko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
General Level ◽  
Potential Capacity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Minimal Generation

rational environmental management is one of the priorities of the technological development of the Russian Federation and most countries of the world. Particularly important in this area is the work undertaken with previously generated and accumulated waste, a whole group of which is gypsum-bearing wastes (GBW), which includes by-products of various industries: phosphogypsum, borogypsum, chlorogypsum, ferrogypsum, citrogypsum, vitamin gypsum, etc. GBW features are similar compositions, prevalence, perennial volumes of stored reserves with stable dynamics of annual growth. This determines the relevance of research on the development of a unified methodology for converting GBW of various types into target products particularly for construction purposes, providing maximum energy efficiency and minimal generation of secondary waste. The starting point of the research is the monitoring of approaches developed by the scientific community which are presented in the article. It is shown that researchers are exploring several main areas of GBW conversion: components of Portland cement and clinker; single and multicomponent binders; direct raw materials for the production of building materials; and road construction. The latter two directions have the greatest potential capacity for the consumption of GBW. The general level of research on the issue is not exhaustive, but has the potential to improve on existing methods of processing and application and promote the search for new and more efficient methods

IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY THROUGH THE USE OF SLAG MATERIAL AND SPENT CATALYST IN THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC BRICKS ON THE BASIS OF BEIDELLITE CLAY

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Vladimir Abdraкhimov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Spent Catalyst ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
The Russian Federation

The efficiency of all industries should be assessed from the point of view of the balance between the weight of the main product and the volume of generated industrial waste, therefore, the aim of the present work is ─ to the receiving using the tonnage of waste fuel and energy complex of ash and slag material and waste chemistry, spent catalyst, one of the most material-intensive products of the national economy ─ a ce-ramic brick on the basis of beidellite clay. Fuel and energy complex is one of the main "pollutants" of the en-vironment. These are emissions into the atmosphere (48% of all emissions into the atmosphere), wastewater discharges (36% of all discharges), as well as the formation of solid waste (30% of all solid pollutants). The basic technical properties of ash and slag material used as autosites and burnable additive and spent cata-lyst, is used as aluminum-containing autosites to increase marochetti brick. Studies have shown that the spent catalyst IM-2201 Novokuibyshevsk petrochemical plant refers to nanotechnology raw materials. The effect of the introduction of nanoscale particles is fundamentally expressed in the fact that not only an additional in-terface appears in the system, but also a carrier of quantum mechanical manifestations. The presence of na-noscale particles in the system increases the volume of adsorption and chemisorption bound water and re-duces the volume of capillary-bound and free water, which leads to an increase in the plasticity of the ceram-ic mass and strength parameters. Ceramic brick with high physical and mechanical properties is obtained on the basis of beidellite clay with the use of ash-slag material and spent catalyst. Innovative proposals for the use of waste fuel and energy complex and petrochemical industry in the production of ceramic bricks, the novelty of which is confirmed by two Patents of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals On commercialization of waste rock dumpsand the role of drilling and blasting operations in this process

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
S.N. Zharikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The One

On the territory of the Russian Federation, exactly as in the rest of the world, huge amounts of mining waste have been accumulated. Most of them in open-pit mining are dumps of rock mass that occupy huge territories and have a significant negative impact on the earth's ecology. Most of the dumps are non-toxic and can be used for economic purposes where sand and stone are needed-in construction. However, the volumes are too large and only a small part can be used for the production of building materials. Another thing is if you need a large amount of rock for the construction of a long roadbed. There are other requirements for raw materials and the possibility of releasing large areas occupied by dumps. This direction has significant potential, because on the one hand, cheap construction raw materials, and on the other – a reduction in fees for the use of land (especially relevant for large mining and processing plants). The development of dumps as man-made deposits has its own risks and associated problems. However, it leads to the development of new technological solutions, which in turn opens up certain prospects for subsoil users. Currently, this direction is in its infancy, but the scale of the problem of storing dumps is already obvious. Therefore, despite the doubts, recycling of dumps is inevitable. It is also clear that this processing should be in huge volumes. And such volumes of use in the Russian Federation can only be achieved when building roads.

scholarly journals Characterization of a new laboratory ceramic product from industrial by-products as raw materials and caustic magnesia as additive

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 2050
Author(s):  
V. Skliros ◽  
P. G. Lampropoulou ◽  
B. Tsikouras ◽  
K. Hatzipanagiotou ◽  
A. Christogerou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Material ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Ceramic Product ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
Experimental Firing ◽  
By Products ◽  
Caustic Magnesia

A new ceramic product is introduced by mixing caustic magnesia, produced in the laboratory from pure, high quality magnesite, and natural silt. Bottom ash and red mud, two well known environmentally hazardous industrial by-products, were also added in the mixture. After testing various recipes we concluded that addition of 5% caustic magnesia in the ceramic product greatly enhances its performance. Increase bonding of the ceramic microstructure is attributed to the formation of periclase necks, the concurrent formation of small quantities of amorphous material and the homogeneously distributed pores during the experimental firing of the mixture. Combined X-ray Diffractometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy of the ceramic product revealed the occurrence of unreactive phases, inherited by the raw materials, as well as newly-formed albite and magnesioferrite. Our results show that utilization of by-products may be important and environmental friendly materials in producing low cost ceramic building materials.

Development of Composition and Technology of Wood-Slag Composite Material

2019 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vitalevna Kolobova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
The Russian Federation

The most urgent task in the construction industry today is energy saving at all stages: from the production of building materials, products and structures to the construction of buildings and their operation. Combining these problems forms one of the directions of innovation policy of the majority of subjects of the Russian Federation – strengthening of local capacity and demonstration of solutions to improve energy and resource saving in construction. Building materials industry-one of the leading sectors of the economy, which is quite effectively uses secondary products of many industries for the production of various building materials. Development of production of building materials in this direction is associated with many aspects: the depletion of natural resources, high energy intensity of a number of technological processes of extraction and processing of raw materials; threat to environmental safety of the Russian Federation; lack of waste disposal sites; negative impact on the air, water and plant environment, human and animal health.

scholarly journals Innovative Technologies for the Production of Ceramic Building Materials from Waste of Natural (Exogenous) Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
Elena Shapakidze ◽  
Izolda Kamushadze ◽  
Lamara Gabunia ◽  
Ioseb Gejadze ◽  
Rajden Skhxvitaridze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Clay Shale ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
Main Component

Abstract The main material for the modern construction business is cement/concrete, the production of which is associated with high energy and material costs and, most importantly, high CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. Based on this, the development of technologies for new energy-efficient building materials - substitutes for Portland cement is of great importance. One of the ways to solve this problem could be the wider use of ceramic building materials, the production of which requires less energy and is not associated with high CO2 emissions compared to the production of Portland cement. The subject of this article is the development of innovative technologies for the production of ceramic building materials in Georgia (ordinary building bricks and clinker bricks) by using unconventional raw material - clay shale aluvium which is a waste of natural (exogenous) processes. As the main component of the ceramic mass, we used clay shale aluvium from the Duruji river bed near the town of Kvareli, which made it possible to reduce the firing temperature and improve the quality of the finished product. X-ray phase, petrographic and electronic microscopic studies have shown that ceramic products, both building and clinker bricks, made with the use of Kvareli shale, under the same firing conditions, have been obtained with a denser structure ensuring higher physical and mechanical features as compared to clay Metekhi, which is currently used by the brick factory in Georgia. The use of shale accumulated in the region of Kvareli in various areas of the economy (including production of ceramic building materials) will make it possible to clear the adjacent territory from risky deposits of natural alluvium, which threatens to flood the city and provide companies engaged in production of ceramic building materials with low-cost and environmentally friendly raw materials.

scholarly journals Devising technology for utilizing water treatment waste to produce ceramic building materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10 (109)) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Larysa Spasonova ◽  
Іrіna Subota ◽  
Аnastasia Sholom
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ceramic Technology ◽  
Ceramic Building

Based on the modern ideas about environmental protection, this paper reports a study into the utilization of water-treated waste from heavy metals (using copper(II) compounds as an example) for the manufacture of ceramic building materials. The examined clay minerals from local deposits and the optimal conditions for their heat treatment (at 1,100 °C) have been proposed for the sorption removal of pollutants of inorganic origin from wastewater. The use of wastewater after its treatment makes it possible to address several tasks at the same time: to protect the environment from pollution by technological wastewater, as well as to reuse wastewater in order to resolve the issue of water scarcity. Ceramic building materials were manufactured based on water purification waste (in the amount of 5 %) and clay raw materials. Their structural-mechanical and physicochemical characteristics have been comprehensively studied. Sintering processes begin at lower temperatures, which is why, with an increase in the annealing temperature to 1,000 °C and higher, their strength rapidly decreases. In the temperature range of 600‒1,100 °C, there are possibilities to apply ceramic technology to immobilize heavy metals in ceramic matrices. The prospect of utilizing water purification waste in the technological process of manufacturing inorganic ceramic materials has been shown. The safety of the building materials, manufactured by leaching pollutants from the ceramic samples using various aggressive environments (leaching to 6.4 %, 0.083 mg·cm2/day) has been investigated. The high strength and degree of the copper ion fixation in the structure of polymineral clay have been confirmed while secondary environmental pollution is almost absent

METHODS AND TYPES OF CRIMES COMMITTED IN THE FIELD OF THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SAMARA REGION)

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Сергей Иванович Вележев
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Security Regime ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Selection Of

В статье рассмотрены актуальные вопросы уголовно-правовой охраны объектов в сфере топливно-энергетического комплекса Российской Федерации от преступных посягательств корыстной направленности (на примере ТЭК Самарской области). Иллюстрированы отличительные особенности ТЭК Самарской области, наличие разнообразия объектов посягательства. Показаны особенности организованной преступной деятельности в сфере топливно-энергетического комплекса на территории Самарской области, связанной прежде всего с несанкционированным отбором углеводородного сырья и нефтепродуктов из магистральных, промысловых и технологических трубопроводов, а также резервуаров, автоцистерн, железнодорожного подвижного состава и судов. Топливно-энергетический комплекс является одной из ведущих отраслей на территории Самарской области, структурными сегментами которой являются в том числе объекты добычи, хранения, переработки и транспортировки нефти, а также объекты транспортировки, хранения и сбыта нефтепродуктов. Данное обстоятельство требует принятия мер по защите отрасли от противоправных действий. Наряду с охранными, режимными и организационными мерами, которые осуществляют хозяйствующие субъекты, немаловажное значение имеет защита отрасли от преступных посягательств уголовно-правовым способом. В статье приводятся примеры разнообразных видов и способов хищения в сфере топливно-энергетического комплекса и мер по предупреждению преступных посягательств. The article deals with topical issues of criminal and legal protection of objects in the field of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation from criminal encroachments of a mercenary orientation (on the example of the fuel and energy complex of the Samara region). The distinctive features of the fuel and energy complex of the Samara region , the presence of a variety of objects of encroachment are illustrated. The features of organized criminal activity in the field of the fuel and energy complex on the territory of the Samara region are shown, primarily related to the unauthorized selection of hydrocarbon raw materials and petroleum products from main, field and technological pipelines, as well as tanks, tankers, railway rolling stock and ships. The fuel and energy complex is one of the leading industries in the territory of the Samara region, the structural segments of which are: including objects of oil production, storage , processing and transportation, as well as objects of transportation, storage and sale of petroleum products, and therefore this circumstance requires taking measures to protect it from illegal actions . Along with security, regime and organizational measures that are carried out by economic entities, it is of no small importance to protect the industry from criminal encroachments in a criminal-legal way. The article provides examples of various types and methods of theft in the field of the fuel and energy complex and measures to prevent criminal encroachments.

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