scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE LEVEL OF APOPTOSIS MARKER ANNEXIN A5 AND THE VALUE OF DENTAL INDICES IN OF VARYING SEVERITY WITHOUT GENERAL SOMATIC PATHOLOGY AND WITH BRONCHIECTATIC DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Артем Саркисов ◽  
Artem Sarkisov ◽  
Владимир Зеленский ◽  
Vladimir Zelenskiy ◽  
Екатерина Полунина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Annexin A5 ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Light Medium ◽  
Apoptosis Marker

Background. The study of the features of the course and the general links of pathogenesis in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP) with comorbid pathology is one of the priorities of modern medicine. Objectives ― to assess and analyze the level of apoptosis marker annexin A5 and the value of dental indices in patients with CGP of varying severity without General somatic pathology and against the background of bronchiectatic disease Methods. The study involved 90 patients with present study included varying degrees (light, medium, heavy), which were divided into two groups: patients with no somatic pathology (n=40) and patients with comorbid pathology in the form of bronchoectatic disease (n=50). Somatically healthy individuals with intact periodontal disease (n=40) were examined as a control group. The values of dental indices – PMA, PI, Muhlemann and OHI-s. The level of annexin A5 was determined in the oral fluid by enzyme immunoassay. Results. In patients with CGP revealed a statistically significant higher value of the level of annexin A5 compared with somatically healthy individuals with intact periodontal and statistically significantly higher in patients with more severe periodontitis. At the same time, in patients with comorbid pathology, the level of annexin A5 in patients with CGP with bronchoectatic disease with mild, average and heavy degree of periodontitis is statistically significantly higher than in patients with CGP without somatic pathology. The revealed relationships between the value of dental indices and the level of annexin A5 indicate the influence of the studied marker of apoptosis on the state of periodontal tissues. Moreover, the patients with comorbidity the power value of the identified links more than the present study included patients with no somatic pathology. Conclusion. The obtained data show the influence on the currents present study included the presence of comorbid pathology in the form of bronchoectatic disease and presence of common mutually aggravating link of pathogenesis of apoptosis and the opportunity to use annexin A5 as predictive marker of progression, as the present study included patients with no somatic pathology and in the background bronchoectatic disease.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE ANNEXIN V APOPTOSIS MARKER LEVEL AND DENTAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GENERALIZED PERODONTITIS AND BRONCHOECTATIC DISEASE

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Artem K. Sarkisov ◽  
Ekaterina A. Polunina ◽  
Karen A. Sarkisov
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Condition Indices ◽  
Apoptosis Marker ◽  
Marker Level

Aim: Our aim was to study and analyze the level of the annexin V apoptosis marker in the oral fluid in patients with generalized periodontitis without general somatic pathology and against the background of bronchiectasis.Materials and methods. 40 patients diagnosed with generalized periodontitis without somatic pathology and 50 patients diagnosed with generalized periodontitis and bronchiectasis were examined. The control group included 40 somatically healthy individuals with intact periodont. Indices characterizing the state of periodontal tissues, such as PMA, PI, Muhlemann, OHI-s were determined for all the examined persons. The level of the annexin V apoptosis marker was determined in the oral fluid by enzyme immunoassay.Results. It was established that the value of the indices of periodontal tissues (PMA, PI, Muhlemann, OHI-s) was statistically signifi cantly higher in the group of patients with generalized periodontitis against the background of bronchiectasis both in comparison with the control group and with the group of patients without general somatic pathology. The level of the annexin V apoptosis marker was also statistically signifi cantly higher in patients with generalized periodontitis against the background of bronchiectasis as compared with the control group and the group of patients without general somatic pathology (p<0.001). According to the correlation analysis, statistically signifi cant relationships of the moderate strength between the level of annexin V and the value of the indices of periodontal tissues were found both in the group of patients without general somatic pathology and in the group of patients with generalized periodontitis against the background of bronchiectasis. At the same time, the strength of these relationships in patients with generalized periodontitis against the background of bronchiectasis was greater as compared to the group of patients without general somatic pathology.Conclusion. The level of the annexin V apoptosis marker in the oral fluid of patients with generalized periodontitis against the background of bronchiectasis is statistically signifi cantly higher (p<0.001) than in patients with generalized periodontitis without general somatic pathology. The results of the correlation analysis indicate the presence of relationships between the level of annexin V and the value of periodontal tissue condition indices (PMA, PI, Muhlemann, OHI-s). Thus, increased apoptosis in generalized periodontitis against the background of bronchiectasis can act as a factor aggravating the damage to periodontal tissues.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of ceruloplasmin level in biological fluids at herpes infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-754
Author(s):  
N A Terekhina ◽  
S E Reuk ◽  
T I Atamanova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Herpes Infection ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Ceruloplasmin Level ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Aim. To compare the levels of ceruloplasmin in tears, saliva and blood serum of patients with herpetic stomatitis and eye herpes to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. Methods. Ceruloplasmin levels were determined in tears, saliva and blood serum of 30 children, 22 adult patients with herpetic keratitis and 27 children with acute herpetic stomatitis. Biological fluids of 62 healthy individuals were used as the control group. Results. In patients with eye herpes infection, сeruloplasmin levels increased in oral fluid and blood serum and markedly decreased in tears of both affected and intact eye. Ceruloplasmin levels in biological fluids normalized only among children with light forms of eye herpes at discharge. In the case of acute herpetic stomatitis, ceruloplasmin levels increased in oral fluid and blood serum, depending on the severity of the disease. After the treatment, ceruloplasmin levels in tears, oral fluid and blood plasma normalized only in children with dendritic ulcer (herpes epithelial keratitis), while in adult patients with chronic relapsing eye herpes and in children with highly invasive eye herpes ceruloplasmin levels did not normalize. Conclusion. In the case of infection detected multidirectional ceruloplasmin levels in tears, oral fluids and blood serum changes were found in patients with herpes. Ceruloplasmin level decreased in tears, and increased in blood serum and oral fluid.

scholarly journals Characteristics of dental status of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
N A Vasil’eva ◽  
A I Bulgakova ◽  
E S Soldatova
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Local Trauma ◽  
History Of

Aim. Evaluation of dental status in patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases. Methods. The study of dental status was performed with the use of clinical and historical data from 269 patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases at the age of 18-65 years. Among examined patients there were 75 (27.9%) people with gingivitis, 54 (20.1%) with mild periodontitis, 66 (24.5%) with moderate and 74 (27.5%) with severe periodontitis. Control group consisted of practically healthy donors at the age of 18-52 years (40 people) with sanitized oral cavity. Results. From history and interviewing it was found that 72% of the surveyed patients brush their teeth twice a day, 24% - once a day and 4% of patients do not brush their teeth. Family history of periodontal diseases among parents was recorded by 86% of participants. Dental status was characterized by the increase of the values of all dental indices with increasing disease severity regardless of gender. Need for correction of the depth of the vestibule, lips, cords, and bridles was identified in 51.7% of cases in patients with gingivitis and in 96.6% of cases of periodontal diseases. With increasing severity of periodontitis index (sum) of teeth with decay and fillings and removed teeth was increased by 1.5 times in gingivitis, by 2.2 times in mild periodontitis, by 2.6 times in moderate and by 2.9 times in severe periodontitis compared to control group. Partial adentia in gingivitis is 3 times more prevalent in males than in females and in severe periodontitis is 1.6 times more prevalent in females than in males. Conclusion. Dental status of the patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases was characterized by increased values of all dental indices compared to control group that demonstrates typical course of inflammatory periodontal diseases and decrease of local immunologic resistance of oral cavity and the organism in total; timely correction of local factors (local trauma), anatomical and topographical features of dentofacial system and status of oral soft tissues allows prevention of pathologic processes in periodontal tissues.

scholarly journals RHEOLOGICAL, IMMUNOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETER DYNAMICS AFTER DENTAL IMPLANTATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
Yuriy Yu. Yarov
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Viscosity Coefficient ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Dental Implantation ◽  
Oral Liquid

Introduction: It has been proven that the oral hygiene is determined by the quantitative and qualitative composition of the bacterial biofilm, by the local immunity, and the rheological properties of the oral fluid. The aim of this study was to observe the dynamics of these parameters in the short term postoperative period after dental implantation in patients with a different state of periodontal tissues, depending on maintenance therapy. Materials and methods: 124 healthy people, aged 18 to 34, were examined. Depending on the follow-up maintenance therapy after dental implantation, patients were divided into two equal study groups: patients of the main group received the proposed differentiated maintenance therapy, the volume and multiplicity of which were determined by the initial oral hygiene state; patients of the control group underwent traditional treatment. Patients with healthy periodontium comprised a comparison group. Using the digital drop shape, the viscosity coefficient b2 was determined. Identification of the biofilm’s microorganisms was carried out with aerobic and anaerobic cultivation techniques. The presence of immunoglobulin SIgA in the oral liquid was determined by Manchini’s radial immunodiffusion method. Results: In the main group, the viscosity coefficient b2 and the content of SIgA immunoglobulin in the oral fluid were significantly higher than in the control group (p <0.05). The proposed maintenance therapy led to the restoration of the species domination of the probiotic microflora, proportional to the healthy periodontium both in the frequency of selection, and the level of insemination. The indicated dynamics of these parameters leads to a probable decrease of the Green-Vermillion HI (p<0,05). Conclusions: Proposed maintenance therapy leads to a probable improvement of the oral hygiene state based on Green-Vermillion HI, caused by the normalization of the surfactant properties of the oral liquid, biofilm’s ratio of microbial associations, and local oral hygiene.

scholarly journals Periodontal health and detection of periodontal bacteria in patients with acute coronary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (82) ◽  
pp. 2079-2090
Author(s):  
Ana Pejčić ◽  
Radmila Obradović ◽  
Marija Bradić-Vasić ◽  
Ivan Minić ◽  
Džemil Kurtagić
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Serious Illness ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
The Third ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Severe Periodontitis

Introduction: Recent studies have found that patients with periodontitis have greater risk of incurring fatal cardiovascular disease than patients without periodontitis. Emerging research has identified inflammation caused by periodontitis as significantly increasing the risk for ACS. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate a periodontal status in the patients with ACS, and to assess the association of different periodontal parameters with ACS. Material and methods: In the first group, patients both with ACS and periodontitis were enrolled as cases. Patients were examined 3 days after ischemia. The second group consisted of patients who had only periodontitis. The control group consisted of healthy individuals. Periodontal parameters were measured and matched on the basis of demographic characteristics and assessed between the groups. The severity of periodontitis in both cases was analyzed. Results: Analysis of the periodontal parameters showed that median scores were higher in patients in the first and the second group compared to the third control group but significantly higher in group with ACS. Levels of inflammatory markers were highest in the first group, compared to the second group and the control group. Periodontal pathogens were more strongly present in patients with ACS than in the group with periodontitis, indicating that it was a serious illness in these patients. Conclusion: This study supports an association between periodontitis and ACS. Severe periodontitis is present in this patients indicating that periodontitis can further act on the development of ACS.

Relationships between values of myocardial remodeling parameters and level of apoptosis biomarkers in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (30) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
G. N. Mukhambetova ◽  
O. S. Polunina ◽  
L. P. Voronina ◽  
N. B. Greenberg ◽  
E. A. Polunina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ischemic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Annexin A5 ◽  
Myocardial Remodeling ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
Sphericity Index ◽  
Close Relationship

The aim of the research. To study levels of the apoptosis biomarkers annexin A5 (AnxA5) and Bcl‑2 and to identify the presence of correlations of structural and functional parameters of the myocardium with the level of the studied biomarkers in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP).Materials and methods. Patients with ICMP (n = 47) were examined as the main group. The control group included 30 somatically healthy individuals. Bcl‑2 and APA5 levels were determined in the blood serum by the enzyme immunoassay.Results. It was found that in the group of patients with ICMP. The level of AnxA5 was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.001), and the level of Bcl‑2 was statistically significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in the control group. Based on the results of the correlation analysis a noticeable close relationship on the Cheddock scale was revealed between levels of the studied apoptosis biomarkers and the values of the sphericity index of in diastole and systole of left ventricle (LV), final diastolic and systolic volume of LV and ejection fraction of LV. Between the other parameters of myocardial remodeling and levels of the studied biomarkers of apoptosis, the closeness of relationships on the Cheddock scale were weak and moderate.

scholarly journals RESULTS DYNAMICS RESEARCH ACTIVITY OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES AND LEVELS OF ORAL FLUID MALONOVOHO DYALDEHIDU IN PATIENTS WITH GENERALIZED PERIODONTITIS AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS WHO LIVE IN ECOLOGICALLY UNFAVORABLE AREA UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF COMPLEX TREATMEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
K. V. Kovalyshyn ◽  
M. M. Rozhko
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Group I

The aim of our research was to study the indicators changes in antioxidant protection and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) levels in the oral fluid in patients with  GP and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who live in environmentally unfavorable areas and  assessment of the dynamics of changes in the studied indicators in the oral fluid under the influence of comprehensive treatment. Materials and methods. 105 patients with GP were examined and treated, of which 70 patients were with RA. Depending on the ecological living conditions of patients with RA was divided into two groups: group I (n = 35) - live in environmentally unfavorable areas; group II (n = 35) - live in environmentally favorable areas. Group III (n = 35) was formed by patients with GP without concomitant pathology. Each of the groups, depending on the severity of GP was divided into subgroups: A - GP of the I degree; B - GP of the II degree of severity. The control group consisted of 18 virtually healthy individuals with intact periodontium and preserved dentition. The state of the prooxidant system of the oral cavity was determined by the level of MDA. To study the state of the antioxidant defense system (AOS), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase was determined. Research results.  Determining the level of MDA in oral fluid in all subgroups of patients with GP and RA and without concomitant pathology revealed an increase in this indicator before treatment. It increased most significantly in the IB subgroup to 1.19 ± 0.02 nmol/l and in the IA subgroup to 1.16 ±0.01 nmol/l, compared with 0.34 ± 0.17 nmol / l in healthy individuals. (* pIB-3 <0.001, * pIA-3 <0.001), which exceeded it by 3.5 and 3.4 times, respectively, which may be due to the negative impact of the environment. During all follow-up periods after conducted treatment, the level of MDA decreased and most closely approached the rate of healthy individuals after 6 months. However, before treatment, depletion of the antioxidant system was detected in all subgroups, as evidenced by the weakening of the AOS. In particular, in the IB subgroup there is the greatest decrease in the activity of SOD to 35.6 ± 0.56%, compared with the group of healthy individuals 49.06 ± 0.03% (p <0.001) and catalase to 4.42 ± 0.03 с.u along with healthy - 6.64 ± 0.01 c.u (p <0.001). The activity of certain antioxidant protection enzymes tends to increase after a comprehensive treatment in all subgroups after 6 months. And in the IB subgroup the activity of SOD after 6 months was 44.77 ± 0.35%, catalase 6.29 ± 0.03c.u. Conclusions. The results of the conducted biochemical researches of oral fluid in patients with GP and  RA, who live in environmentally unfavorable areas, showed a decrease in the activity of SOD enzymes, catalase and increased levels of MDA in these patients. After the conducted complex treatment there is a normalization of the AOS system, which is manifested in increased activity in the oral fluid SOD and catalase, as well as a decrease in MDA, which indicates a decrease in inflammation process and the effectiveness of our treatment and prevention complex on the antioxidant system, which provided remission GP in these patients.

scholarly journals Cellular and humoral apoptosis markers in acute coronary syndrome combined with essential hypertension

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Vasina
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Annexin A5 ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Apoptosis Markers

The aim of this work was to examine the contents of annexin A5, sApo-1/Fas and sBcl-2 and the number of circulating mononuclear cells in apoptosis in order to clarify their role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) combined with arterial hypertension (AH). We examined 83 patients with ACS (47 patients with unstable angina and 36 with myocardial infarction) and 14 healthy individuals. AH has been identified in 15 patients with unstable angina and in 17 with myocardial infarction. The number of viable mononuclear cells was significantly decreased and the number of mononuclear cells at the early stages of apoptosis (annexin A5-positive) was significantly increased as compared to control group in patients with the ACS, especially if combined with AH. At the same time there was a significant increase of sBcl-2 and sApo-1/Fas and annexin A5 in blood of the patients with myocardial infarction compared to patients with unstable angina, especially if combined with AH. The association between the level of sAro-1/Fas, annexin A5 and the number of circulating mononuclear cells at the early stages of apoptosis was shown in the study. Thus, in ACS, especially if combined with AH, enhanced cell apoptosis resulting from hemodynamic abnormal changes leads to activation of antiapoptotic mechanisms aimed at the decrease of the thrombophilia severity by reducing thrombogenic features of endotheliocytes subjected to apoptosis.

Comparative analysis of polymorphic variants of IL-17A and MMP-1 genes with the risk of developing chronic periodontitis in petrochemical workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 687-693
Author(s):  
Iskander I. Zaidullin ◽  
Denis O. Karimov ◽  
Lilija K. Karimova ◽  
Milyausha F. Kabirova ◽  
Rasima R. Galimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Dental Examination ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Harmful Substances

The susceptibility to the development and progression of inflammatory periodontal diseases, which depends on genetic and external factors (smoking, stress, oral hygiene), varies widely. In the development of these diseases, an important role is played not only by the presence of periodontal pathogenic microorganisms, but also by the presence of congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, immunoregulatory defects. The immune system plays a key role in the physiological and pathological processes of periodontal tissues. In this regard, IL17, produced by CD4+ Th cells, which has both Pro-inflammatory and protective activity, is of particular interest in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The aim of study was to identify the relationship between polymorphic loci of the IL-17A (rs2275913) and MMP-1 (rs1799750) genes and clinical manifestations of chronic periodontitis in petrochemical workers. Dental examination was performed in 92 ethylene oxide production workers with chronic periodontitis and 74 patients with chronic periodontitis who did not come into contact with chemical factors (control group). Genotyping of polymorphisms rs2275913 of the IL17A gene and rs1799750 of the MMP1 gene was performed by allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Hygienic assessment of the degree of air pollution of the working area with harmful substances was carried out by gas chromatography according to the guidelines for the determination of harmful substances in the air № 5098-89, № 3119-84. When comparing the results of studies of both groups, there were no statistically significant differences in the frequency distributions of allelic variants and genotypes of the IL-17A and MMP-1 genes. The AA/AG genotypes of the IL-17A gene were associated with an increased risk of severe disease compared to the GG genotype in workers in the main group (OR=6.1; 95% CI 1.33-28.5; p=0.021) and in the control group (OR=7.26; 95% CI 1.34-39.25; p=0.016). Carriers of the A allele in the control group increased the risk of severe chronic periodontitis by 2.4 times compared to carriers of the G allele (OR=2.41; 95% CI 1.19-4.87; p=0.014). During the dental examination of employees of the ethylene oxide plant, the clinical course of periodontal diseases was more severe in comparison with the control group, and the number of patients with severe periodontitis was twice as high. It was found that the AA/AG genotypes of the IL-17A gene and the carrier of the A allele are associated with increased susceptibility to the development of severe chronic periodontitis. The association between the MMP-1 gene polymorphism and the risk of severe forms of chronic periodontitis has not been established. A risk factor for the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases in employees of the petrochemical complex is a complex of harmful production factors.

Antimicrobial Effect of 940 nm Diode Laser based on Photolysis of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2081-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Alexandru Odor ◽  
Edwin Sever Bechir ◽  
Deborah Violant ◽  
Victoria Badea
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Before And After

Moderate and severe periodontitis represents a challenge in the non-surgical periodontal therapy. Due to the lack of evidence regarding the antimicrobial effectiveness of 940 nm diode laser in periodontal treatment, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) photolysis performed with 940 nm diode laser in the treatment of moderate and severe periodontitis. Twenty-five patients with 100 teeth were selected for this pilot study. The test teeth were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups: Group 1: scaling and root planning (SRP) (control group); and the following experimental groups: Group 2: H2O2; Group 3: 940 nm diode laser therapy; Group 4: 940 nm diode laser therapy and H2O2. Clinical examinations, like probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were performed before and after the treatment. The microbiological evaluation, effectuated before and after the treatment, included nine periodontal bacteria species and investigated by means of real-time PCR assay. The clinical and bacterial differences in the tested groups, was assessed between control group and the other three experimental groups, as well as between the experimental groups. The total bacteria load was reduced for all four studied groups. Group 4 (diode laser + H2O2) showed significant bacterial reduction of the major periodontal bacteria like Pg., Tf., Td., Pi., Pm., Fn (p[0.001) than the other 3 groups (p]0.001). Also the periodontal clinical parameters, like PD, CAL and BOP showed a significant reduction after the photolysis of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser (p[0.001). Differences between tested groups showed a significant beneficial results in regard to Group 4.It is suggested that the photoactivation of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser can be used successfully in adjunctive to the non-surgical periodontal treatment as a bactericidal tool.

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