scholarly journals Portulaca oleracea shows no ameliorative potential on ovariectomy-induced hormonal and estrous cycle dysregulation in normal cyclic rats: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 899-908
Author(s):  
Izuchukwu Azuka Okafor ◽  
Uchenna Somtochukwu Okafor ◽  
Victor Ndukwe
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Estrous Cycles ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Specific Phase ◽  
Hormonal Levels

Background: Portulaca oleracea (PO) is a widely known plant utilized for its medicinal attributes in the treatment of different illnesses. Objective: To investigate the effect of methanolic extract of PO (MEPO) on ovariectomy-induced reproductive toxicity in normal cyclic rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty 10-wk-old normal cyclic rats weighing 110-200 g were randomly divided into four groups (n = 5/group). Group A served as the control and received distilled water only. Group B was ovariectomized without treatment, while groups C and D were ovariectomized but treated with 400 and 800 mg/kg of MEPO, respectively, for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, body weight, serum hormonal levels, and estrous cycles were monitored across the groups. Results: Groups B, C, and D showed estrous cycle dysregulation and specific phase arrest when compared with the control. While a significant decrease in estradiol (p ≤ 0.001) and testosterone levels (p ≤ 0.001) were observed in groups B, C, and D, only groups C and D showed a significant increase in progesterone level when compared with the control (p ≤ 0.001, p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: The administration of 400 and 800 mg/kg MEPO is ineffective in ameliorating estrous cycle disruption and hormonal changes seen in ovariectomized normal cyclic adult Wistar rats. Key words: Portulaca oleracea, Wistar rat, Ovariectomy, Estrous cycle, Hormones.

scholarly journals Effect of Cleome gynandra leaf extract on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of wistar albino rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1385-1394
Author(s):  
Lemuel Ann Monima ◽  
Muhammad Buhari ◽  
Sodiq Lawal ◽  
Echoru Isaac ◽  
Ssempijja Fred ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cleome Gynandra ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Group B

Cleome gynandra is a medicinal plant that is used all over Uganda to hasten childbirth because, it possesses the ability to contract the uterus. It is also used as an abortifacient in the first trimester. In this study, the effects of Cleome gynandra were investigated on the estrous cycle and the histology of the ovary and uterus of adult Wistar rat. Twelve adult female Wistar rats of 130-140g average weight were used. These were divided into three groups of four animals each. Group A received distilled water only, while animals in groups B and C received 250mg/kg body weight and 500mg/kg body weight of extract, orally and daily respectively. Monitoring of estrous cycle continued throughout the three weeks of extract administration. After three weeks, the ovaries and uteri were excised and processed for histological examination. In the ovary, there was a reduction in number of primordia, primary, secondary and graafian follicles in the treated groups. Vacuolations were common to both the ovarian and uterine tissues of treated animals. The estrous cycle of Group B and C, showed a mild disruption when compared to animals in Group A. The results showed that the plant extract studied, exerted negative influences on the estrous cycle and histology of the ovary and uterus of Wistar albino rats, suggesting a disturbance on the reproductive health of the animals. Further studies to determine the mechanism of action of Cleome gynandra on the ovary and uterus and the levels of FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone is recommended.Key Words: Cleome gynandra, estrous cycle, Wistar albino rats, ovarian follicles.

scholarly journals Effect of progressive resisted exercises and aerobic exercises in the management of polycystic ovarian syndrome among young women- A pilot randomized controlled trial

Biomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-612
Author(s):  
Veena Kirthika S. ◽  
Jibi Paul ◽  
Senthil Selvam P. ◽  
Sathya Priya V.
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Group A ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Group B ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Hormonal Levels

Introduction and Aim: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous, multisystem endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age also called as Stein Leventhal syndrome. PCOS is a common female endocrine disorder with prevalence ranging from 2.2% to 26%. Prevalence of PCOS in Indian adolescents is 9.13%. This draws attention to the issue of early diagnosis in adolescent girls. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of progressive resisted exercises (PRE) and aerobic exercises in the management of subjects with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This was an experimental comparative pre and post-test type study. The subjects in the age group of 18-25 years with the diagnosis of PCOS were selected based on Rotterdam criteria and with the BMI ranging between 25-29. Twenty four subjects were recruited and were randomly divided into two groups. group A was treated with PRE +aerobic exercises + diet and group B with aerobic exercises + diet. The duration of the study was 24 weeks and the outcome measures used were BMI, PCOSQ and hormonal levels (SHBG, Free testosterone, HOMA IR, Hs CRP) Results: The result of the study showed that group A treated with PRE + aerobic exercises + diet had significant improvement in BMI at P?0.05 and PCOSQ and specific hormonal levels at P?0.001 when compared to group B. Conclusion: A 24 weeks exercise intervention with a combined PRE +aerobic exercises +diet was superior to aerobic exercises +diet among young subjects with PCOS. Keywords: BMI; quality of life; PRE; PCOSQ; Hormones.

Structural aspects of the leaves of seven species of Portulaca growing in Hawaii

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1803-1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
InSun Kim ◽  
David G. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Bundle Sheath ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Peripheral Reticulum ◽  
Bundle Sheath Cells ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure ◽  
Structural Aspects ◽  
Sheath Cells

Seven species of Portulaca growing in Hawaii can be divided into two groups based on the morphology, anatomy, and ultrastructure of their leaves. Portulaca oleracea, P. molokiniensis, P. lutea, forming group A, have spatulate to obovate leaves, paradermal minor veins, and mesophyll cells that completely encircle the minor veins. The chloroplasts in their bundle sheath cells are larger than those in the mesophyll cells and have well-developed grana and reduced peripheral reticulum. Bundle sheath mitochondria are larger and more numerous than those in the mesophyll, and chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells have well-developed grana and peripheral reticulum. Portulaca pilosa, P. villosa, P. sclerocarpa, and P. "ulupalakua," forming group B, have lanceolate to oblong–oblanceolate leaves, peripheral minor veins, and incomplete wreaths of mesophyll cells. The choroplasts in their bundle sheath cells are about the same size as those in the mesophyll and have reduced grana and well-developed peripheral reticulum. The bundle sheath mitochondria are about the same in size and number as those in the mesophyll, and the mesophyll chloroplasts have well-developed grana and reduced peripheral reticulum. Groups A and B may be equivalent, respectively, to types ii and i of R. C. Carolin, S. W. L. Jacobs, and M. Vesk (Aust. J. Bot. 26: 683–698, 1978) and to coronary subtypes B and A of E. V. Voznesenskaya and Y. V. Gamalei (Bot. Zh. Leningrad, 71: 1291–1306, 1986), which constitute groupings of Portulaca species studied by those authors.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular benefits of Momordica charantia in cholesterol-fed Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvanus Olu Innih ◽  
Ikechi Gerald Eze ◽  
Kingsley Omage
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Momordica. charantia is popularly used as a medicinal herb in ethnomedicine for the management of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the beneficial effects of the ethanolic extract of M. charantia (Linn.) in experimentally induced cardiovascular disorders using cholesterol-fed Wistar rat. Methods Seventy-two experimental rats were randomly assigned into nine 9 groups of 8 rats each and treated as follows: Rats in group A (control) were given distilled water only; Rats in group B were given 30 mg/kg of cholesterol dissolved in coco-nut oil (cholesterol solution); Rats in group C were given cholesterol solution and 100 mg/kg Atorvastatin; Rats in group D were given 250 mg/kg of M. charantia and cholesterol solution; Rats in group E were given 500 mg/kg of M. charantia and cholesterol solution; Rats in group F were given 250 mg/kg. M. charantia; Rats in group G were given 500 mg/kg M. charantia; Rats in group H were given 1 ml of coconut oil; Rats in group I were given 100 mg/kg of Atorvastatin. Results Mean LDL-cholesterol was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in groups F, E and H as compared with the control groups. Histological analysis of the heart and aortic branch of the experimental rats show that cholesterol administration induced myocardial degeneration, vascular ulceration and stenosis in the aorta and heavy perivascular infiltrates of inflammatory cells. However, these deleterious effects were ameliorated upon treatment with Momordica charantia and Atorvastatin as compared with the control groups. Conclusion Our findings indicate the possible cardiovascular benefits of M. charantia.

scholarly journals Myoinositol with Metformin and Myoinositol alone in infertile PCOS women undergoing ovulation induction cycles: A comparative study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Pramod Gade ◽  
Aher Gautam S ◽  
Vazifdar Sharmeen
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Hormonal Levels

Background: This was a prospective observational study conducted over a twelve-month duration in our institute to compare the combined effect of metformin and myoinositol with metformin alone. Method: A total of sixty patients were included in the study, and they were divided into two groups depending on whether they were given the combination or the single drug. Group A (n=30) was given Myoinositol 600 mg+Metformin 500 mg thrice a day, and Group B ( n=30) was given only Myoinositol 600 mg thrice a day. The outcome measure was clinical pregnancy rate and improvement in clinical and hormonal parameters after drug therapy. Results: BMI (p<0.01), modified Ferriman Gallaway score (p>0.05), and the was a significant improvement in the hormonal parameters (LH,FSH) in both the groups and the levels were found to be comparable after a period of 6 months. The clinical pregnancy rate after six cycles of ovulation was significantly higher in Group A as compared to Group B. In Group A, the total clinical pregnancy rate was 43.33%, and in Group B, it was 26.67%, respectively, and the end of 6 months and the difference was statistically significant (p = <0.01) Conclusion: Equal response in reduction of hormonal levels and clinical and laboratory parameters were seen in both groups, while better results in terms of clinical fertility rates were observed in the group that was given a combination of myoinositol with metformin.

scholarly journals Gambaran histopatologik hati tikus wistar (Rattus norveginus) yang diinduksi monosodium glutamate (msg) dan diberikan sari air bawang daun (Allium fistulosum L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman G. Setiani ◽  
Lily Loho ◽  
Poppy Lintong
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) has been consumed around the world as a food additive in the form of L-glutamic acid. The liver has glutamate receptors, hence its susceptibility to damage due to oxidative stress from consuming excessive MSG. Leek contain antioxidants such as flavonoid, which has potent hepatoprotective properties under certain liver conditions, for the example, oxidative stress, liver fibrosis, and fatty liver. This study aims to see the liver histopathologic findings of wistar rats (Ratus norvegicus) that has been induced by MSG and was given leek juice (Allium fistulosum L.). This was an experimental laboratory study, with 20 wistar rats as subjects. In this study, 173,6 mg per gram body of monosodium glutamate and 20 gram per kilogram body weight of leek juice are administered orally each day. Group A is the negative control group. Group B is given MSG for 14 days. Group C are given MSG for 14 days and were stopped for 5 days. Group D are given MSG for 14 days and were given leek juice. Group A shows normal liver histopathologic features. Group B shows liver cells damage in the form of inflammation and fatty cells. Group C shows regeneration of liver cells but a little bit of inflammation and fatty cells were still found, while in group D there is a wide regeneration of liver cells and there was barely any inflammation and fatty cells. Conclusion: Microscopic features of wistar rat liver after administration of monosodium glutamate for 14 day showed inflammation and fatty cells and then the administration of leek juice for 5 days after MSG administration oon wistar rat showed a wide regeneration of liver cells compared to no administration of leek juice.Keywords: monosodium glutamate, leek, liver. Abstrak: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) telah dikonsumsi di seluruh dunia sebagai penambah rasa makanan dalam bentuk L-glutamic acid (asam glutamat). Hati memiliki resptor terhadap glutamate sehingga rentan mengalami kerusakan akibat stress oksidatif dari konsumsi MSG yang berlebihan. Bawang daun mengandung antioksidan seperti senyawa flavonoid yang memiliki aktivitas hepatoprotektif ampuh pada berbagai kondisi hati seperti strees oksidatif, fibrosis hati, dan perlemakan hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran histopatologik hati tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi MSG dan diberikan sari air bawang daun (Allium fistulosum L.) Jenis penelitian ini eksperimental laboratorik. Subjek penelitian 20 ekor tikus wistar. Pada penelitian ini digunakan monosodium glutamate 173,6mg/gBB/hari dan sari air bawang daun 20g/kgBB/hari yang diberikan secara oral. Kelompok A (kontrol negatif). Kelompok B diberikan MSG selama 14 hari. Kelompok C diberikan MSG selama 14 hari dan dihentikan selama 5 hari. Kelompok D diberikan MSG selama 14 hari dan diberikan sari air bawang daun. Kelompok A memperlihatkan gambaran histopatologik sel hati normal. Kelompok B memperlihatkan hepatitis dan perlemakan sel hati (steatosis). Kelompok C memperlihatkan sel hati regenerasi namun masih terdapat sedikit sel radang dan perlemakan hati sedangkan pada kelompok D tampak sel hati regenerasi yang luas dan hampir tidak ditemukan peradangan dan perlemakan. Simpulan: Gambaran mikroskopik hati tikus wistar setelah pemberian monosodium glutamate selama 14 hari menunjukkan peradangan (hepatitis) dan perlemakan (steatosis mikrovesikular) kemudian pemberian sari air bawang daun selama 5 hari pasca pemberian MSG pada tikus wistar menunjukkan adanya regenerasi sel hati yang lebih luas dibandingkan dengan tanpa pemberian sari air bawang daun. Kata kunci: monosodium glutamate, bawang daun, hati.

Ameliorative effect of aqueous extract of bitter leaf on egg yolk induced kidney toxicity in adult wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Richard Agbonluai Ehimigbai
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Kidney Toxicity ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Group A ◽  
Vascular Obstruction ◽  
Group B

ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to assess the effect of aqeueous extract of  bitter leaf on egg yolk induced kidney toxicity in adult wistar rat. A total of 44 (forty four) adult wistar rats weighing between 220 g to 250 g were separated into 4 groups of 11 rats per group. Group A rats were placed on normal diet only while Group B rats received 300 mg/ kg body weight / day (BWT/D) of egg yolk. Group C rats received 250mg / kg BWT/D of bitter leaf. Group D rats received 300 mg/ kg BWT/D of egg yolk and 250mg / kg BWT/D of bitter leaf. The dosage were given for 32 days via orogastric method. The biochemical outcome showed that group B revealed marked elevation in the urea, SOD, cholesterol level when compared with the other groups. Histologically, group B showed a mild vascular obstruction and patchy tubular necrosis, while group A, C and D revealed normal architecture of the kidney. We can therefore concluded that the aqueous extract of bitter leaf have antioxidative and neproprotective properties against egg yolk induced kidney toxicity in wistar rat.

scholarly journals Estrus Responses and Hormonal Profiles of Gilts Following Treatments with Prostaglandin F2α

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Yusuf Abdulrasheed Alimi ◽  
Oluwafisayo Oluwadamilare Leigh ◽  
Oluwatoyin Oluwasola Ajala ◽  
John Olusoji Abiola
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Intramuscular Injections ◽  
Hormonal Profiles ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Injection Control ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract This study investigated the effect of three intramuscular injections of Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) administered seven days apart on estrus responses and some reproductive hormonal profiles in post-pubertal gilts.Sixteen gilts were divided into groups A, B, C, and D, with four animals in each group. Group A, B and C gilts were treated with PGF2α injections intramuscularly at doses 5mg,7.5mg and 10mg per gilt respectively on Days 0, 6 and 13 of the experiment. Group D (Control) were treated with intramuscular injections of 2ml phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) instead. Serum samples were collected every 24 hours for four days after each PGF2α injection and estrus detection was conducted daily. Results showed that 100% of Group A came into estrus 96 hours after the second PGF2α injection,while 50% of Group B came into estrus after the first injection; with the other 50% exhibiting estrus following the 2nd injection. Only 50% of Group C displayed estrus signs and this was observed following the second PGF2α injection. Control gilts did not express behavioral estrus during this study, suggesting that PGF2α may have induced estrus in the treated animals. LH and estradiol concentrations were significantly different in Group A and B when compared to the control following the 2nd PGF2α injection. In all, it was observed that serum concentrations of LH, FSH and oestradiol-17β reached maximal levels just prior to expression of estrus, thus suggesting that the pattern of reproductive hormonal changes in PGF2α-synchronized gilts may be quite similar to those of naturally cycling in-estrus gilts.

scholarly journals Reproductive toxicity potentials of methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea in male rats: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izuchukwu Azuka Okafor ◽  
Uchenna Somtochukwu Nnamah ◽  
Selasie Ahiatrogah ◽  
Dorcas Serwaa ◽  
Jude Nnaka
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group B

Background: Purslane is an edible widely distributed shrub and one of the herbs used in decoctions for the treatment of different ailments including infertility. However, there is a shortage of evidence to validate its reproductive effects. Objective: To investigate the effect of methanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea (MEPO) on the reproductive system of male rats. Materials and Methods: Fifteen 10-wk old male Wistar rats with an average weight of 183 gr were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5/each). Group A (the control group) received distilled water only; group B received 400 mg/kg MEPO; and group C received 800 mg/kg MEPO for 14 days. The animals fasted overnight after the 14th day of administration and euthanized by cervical dislocation. Blood samples, sperm, testes, and epididymis were collected for serum hormones, sperm, and histological analyses. Results: There was no significant change in the serum luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels across all groups when compared to the control. However, group C showed a significant increase (p = 0.020) in follicle-stimulating hormone levels when compared to the control. There was a significant reduction (p = 0.006) in the sperm count in group C when compared with the control group. There was also a significantly reduced (p = 0.003) sperm motility in MEPO-treated groups compared to the control. While the testis showed no abnormalities in its histoarchitecture across groups, the epididymis showed some blood congestion in MEPO-treated groups. Conclusion: Portulaca oleracea showed the ability to reduce sperm count and motility at higher doses. Key words: Portulaca oleracea, Purslane, Testis, Epididymis, Rat, Sperm motility.

An ultrastructural study of sertoli cells in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
Taber A. Ba-Omar ◽  
Philip F. Prentis
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Freshwater Teleost ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
The North ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Group B ◽  
Geographically Isolated

We have recently carried out a study of spermiogenic differentiation in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar (freshwater teleost), with a view to ascertaining variation at the ultrastructural level. The sampling areas were the Jebel Al Akhdar in the north (Group A) and the Dhofar region (Group B) in the south. Specimens from each group were collected, the testes removed, fixed in Karnovsky solution, post fixed in OsO, en bloc stained with uranyl acetate and then routinely processed to Agar 100 resin, semi and ultrathin sections were prepared for study.

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